gemha
/ɡemxa/ · plural gemhala
1. fine silk, a costly patterned silk fabric
- dariy gemhala — silks and fine silks
- dariy gemhala biçedile — they cut silks and fine silks
- gemhanı bağası — the price of the fine silk
- gemha satıb alırğa — to buy fine silk
2. of excellent quality, choice, good — Used only before a noun.
- gemha at — a horse of the finest quality
- gemha at alğandı — he has bought a choice horse
- gemha kiyimle kiygendile — they have put on clothes of excellent quality
- gemha çepkenle — fine coats
- Asıl azmaz, gemha at tozmaz — the precious does not lose its value, a good horse does not tire
As a noun
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | gemhathe fine silk | gemhammy fine silk | gemhaŋyour fine silk | gemhasıhis fine silk | gemhabızour fine silk | gemhağızyou all's fine silk | gemhalarıtheir fine silks |
| Genitive | gemhanıthe fine silk's | gemhamımy fine silk's | gemhaŋıyour fine silk's | gemhasınıhis fine silk's | gemhabıznıour fine silk's | gemhağıznıyou all's fine silk's | gemhalarınıtheir fine silks' |
| Accusative | gemhanıthe fine silk (as the object) | gemhamımy fine silk (as the object) | gemhaŋıyour fine silk (as the object) | gemhasınhis fine silk (as the object) | gemhabıznıour fine silk (as the object) | gemhağıznıyou all's fine silk (as the object) | gemhalarıntheir fine silks (as the object) |
| Dative | gemhağato the fine silk | gemhamato my fine silk | gemhaŋato your fine silk | gemhasınato his fine silk | gemhabızğato our fine silk | gemhağızğato you all's fine silk | gemhalarınato their fine silks |
| Locative | gemhadain / at the fine silk | gemhamdain / at my fine silk | gemhaŋdain / at your fine silk | gemhasındain / at his fine silk | gemhabızdain / at our fine silk | gemhağızdain / at you all's fine silk | gemhalarındain / at their fine silks |
| Ablative | gemhadanfrom the fine silk | gemhamdanfrom my fine silk | gemhaŋdanfrom your fine silk | gemhasındanfrom his fine silk | gemhabızdanfrom our fine silk | gemhağızdanfrom you all's fine silk | gemhalarındanfrom their fine silks |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | gemhalathe fine silks | gemhalarımmy fine silks | gemhalarıŋyour fine silks | gemhalarıhis fine silks | gemhalarıbızour fine silks | gemhalarığızyou all's fine silks | gemhalarıtheir fine silks |
| Genitive | gemhalanıthe fine silks' | gemhalarımımy fine silks' | gemhalarıŋıyour fine silks' | gemhalarınıhis fine silks' | gemhalarıbıznıour fine silks' | gemhalarığıznıyou all's fine silks' | gemhalarınıtheir fine silks' |
| Accusative | gemhalanıthe fine silks (as the object) | gemhalarımımy fine silks (as the object) | gemhalarıŋıyour fine silks (as the object) | gemhalarınhis fine silks (as the object) | gemhalarıbıznıour fine silks (as the object) | gemhalarığıznıyou all's fine silks (as the object) | gemhalarıntheir fine silks (as the object) |
| Dative | gemhalağato the fine silks | gemhalarımato my fine silks | gemhalarıŋato your fine silks | gemhalarınato his fine silks | gemhalarıbızğato our fine silks | gemhalarığızğato you all's fine silks | gemhalarınato their fine silks |
| Locative | gemhaladain / at the fine silks | gemhalarımdain / at my fine silks | gemhalarıŋdain / at your fine silks | gemhalarındain / at his fine silks | gemhalarıbızdain / at our fine silks | gemhalarığızdain / at you all's fine silks | gemhalarındain / at their fine silks |
| Ablative | gemhaladanfrom the fine silks | gemhalarımdanfrom my fine silks | gemhalarıŋdanfrom your fine silks | gemhalarındanfrom his fine silks | gemhalarıbızdanfrom our fine silks | gemhalarığızdanfrom you all's fine silks | gemhalarındanfrom their fine silks |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: gemhaları can mean "his / her fine silks", "their fine silk", or "their fine silks" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
As an adjective
Saying it about someone
| Degree | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | gemhamaI am of fine quality | gemhasayou are of fine quality | gemhadıhe is of fine quality | gemhabızwe are of fine quality | gemhasızyou all are of fine quality | gemhadılathey are of fine quality |
To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden gemhadı — "compared to me, he is of fine quality."
Saying it about mine, yours, theirs
One thing
| Degree | menikimine | senikiyours | anıqıhis / hers | biznikiours | siznikiyours (pl.) | alanıqıtheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | meniki gemhadımine is of fine quality | seniki gemhadıyours is of fine quality | anıqı gemhadıhis is of fine quality | bizniki gemhadıours is of fine quality | sizniki gemhadıyours (pl.) is of fine quality | alanıqı gemhadıtheirs is of fine quality |
Several things
| Degree | menikilemine | senikileyours | anıqılahis / hers | biznikileours | siznikileyours (pl.) | alanıqılatheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | menikile gemhadılamine are of fine quality | senikile gemhadılayours are of fine quality | anıqıla gemhadılahis are of fine quality | biznikile gemhadılaours are of fine quality | siznikile gemhadılayours (pl.) are of fine quality | alanıqıla gemhadılatheirs are of fine quality |
Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu gemhadı, bıla gemhadıla. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".