erirge
/erirɡe/
1. melt, thaw (of snow, ice, frozen food) — Also used figuratively, as in a shadow melting into the dark.
- qar eridi — the snow melted
- buzlağan et erigendi — the frozen meat has thawed
- erigen qar — melted snow
- erib jumuşağan qar — snow that has thawed and softened
- awana qaraŋıda erib ketdi — the shadow melted away in the dark
2. melt, melt down, fuse (of butter, fat, metal under heat) — of butter, fat, metal
- jaw eridi — the butter melted
- temir eridi — the iron melted
- jaw issi tabada erigença — like butter melting in a hot pan
3. dissolve (in a liquid)
- şeker suwda eriydi — sugar dissolves in water
- tuz şorpada eridi — the salt dissolved in the soup
4. be digested, be assimilated (of food)
- jaş qarında taş erir — in a young stomach even a stone will digest
- aş eriydi — the food is digesting
- et tınç eriydi — meat digests easily
5. soften toward someone, relent, take pity, stop being angry
- qatın menŋe bir erir — my wife will soften toward me one day
- ol menŋe eridi — he relented toward me
- jüregi eridi — his heart softened
6. waste away, grow thin, pine, melt away
- künden künŋe erib baradı — he is wasting away day by day
- anı sanları erigendile — his limbs have wasted away
- eti erise da, süegi qalır — even if his flesh wastes away, his bones will remain
- süygenin sağınıb eridi — he pined away longing for his love
7. suffer, be tormented, ache (with worry or longing)
- anŋa jüregim erib baradı — my heart aches for him
- jürekleri eridi — their hearts ached
- anam üçün jüregim eriydi — my heart aches for my mother
8. vanish, disappear
- maşinanı tawuşu hawada eridi — the sound of the car melted into the air
Expressions
- eti erirge — grow thin
- jüregi erirge — feel pity
- köz jawları erirge — gaze longingly
- tuz bolub erimezge — won't perish
Conjugation
Common forms
- eriydihe is melting
- eridihe melted
- erigendihe has melted
- erirhe will melt
- eririkdihe is going to melt
- eriy edihe was melting
- eriseif he melts
- eri!melt!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | meneriymeI am melting | seneriyseyou are melting | oleriydihe is melting | bizeriybizwe are melting | sizeriysizyou all are melting | alaeriydilethey are melting |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menerimeymeI am not melting | senerimeyseyou are not melting | olerimeydihe is not melting | bizerimeybizwe are not melting | sizerimeysizyou all are not melting | alaerimeydilethey are not melting |
| Present (simple & continuous) | meneriymemi? eriymime?am I melting? | seneriymise?are you melting? | oleriymidi?is he melting? | bizeriybizmi? eriymibiz?are we melting? | sizeriymisiz?are you all melting? | alaeriymidile?are they melting? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menerimeymemi? erimeymime?aren't I melting? | senerimeymise?aren't you melting? | olerimeymidi?isn't he melting? | bizerimeybizmi? erimeymibiz?aren't we melting? | sizerimeymisiz?aren't you all melting? | alaerimeymidile?aren't they melting? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | meneriwçenmeI usually melt | seneriwçenseyou usually melt | oleriwçendihe usually melts | bizeriwçenbizwe usually melt | sizeriwçensizyou all usually melt | alaeriwçendilethey usually melt |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menerimewçenmeI usually don't melt | senerimewçenseyou usually don't melt | olerimewçendihe usually doesn't melt | bizerimewçenbizwe usually don't melt | sizerimewçensizyou all usually don't melt | alaerimewçendilethey usually don't melt |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | meneriwçenmemi? eriwçenmime?do I usually melt? | seneriwçenmise?do you usually melt? | oleriwçenmidi?does he usually melt? | bizeriwçenbizmi? eriwçenmibiz?do we usually melt? | sizeriwçenmisiz?do you all usually melt? | alaeriwçenmidile?do they usually melt? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menerimewçenmemi? erimewçenmime?do I usually not melt? | senerimewçenmise?do you usually not melt? | olerimewçenmidi?does he usually not melt? | bizerimewçenbizmi? erimewçenmibiz?do we usually not melt? | sizerimewçenmisiz?do you all usually not melt? | alaerimewçenmidile?do they usually not melt? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oleribdihe has melted and remains so | alaeribdilethey have melted and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oleribmidi?has he melted? | alaeribmidile?have they melted? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menerib turamaI keep melting | senerib turasayou keep melting | olerib turadıhe keeps melting | bizerib turabızwe keep melting | sizerib turasızyou all keep melting | alaerib turadılathey keep melting |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menerib turmaymaI don't keep melting | senerib turmaysayou don't keep melting | olerib turmaydıhe doesn't keep melting | bizerib turmaybızwe don't keep melting | sizerib turmaysızyou all don't keep melting | alaerib turmaydılathey don't keep melting |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menerib turamamı? erib turamıma?do I keep melting? | senerib turamısa?do you keep melting? | olerib turamıdı?does he keep melting? | bizerib turabızmı? erib turamıbız?do we keep melting? | sizerib turamısız?do you all keep melting? | alaerib turamıdıla?do they keep melting? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menerib turmaymamı? erib turmaymıma?don't I keep melting? | senerib turmaymısa?don't you keep melting? | olerib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep melting? | bizerib turmaybızmı? erib turmaymıbız?don't we keep melting? | sizerib turmaymısız?don't you all keep melting? | alaerib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep melting? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | meneriy turamaI am in the middle of melting | seneriy turasayou are in the middle of melting | oleriy turadıhe is in the middle of melting | bizeriy turabızwe are in the middle of melting | sizeriy turasızyou all are in the middle of melting | alaeriy turadılathey are in the middle of melting |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | meneriy turmaymaI am not in the middle of melting | seneriy turmaysayou are not in the middle of melting | oleriy turmaydıhe is not in the middle of melting | bizeriy turmaybızwe are not in the middle of melting | sizeriy turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of melting | alaeriy turmaydılathey are not in the middle of melting |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | meneriy turamamı? eriy turamıma?am I in the middle of melting? | seneriy turamısa?are you in the middle of melting? | oleriy turamıdı?is he in the middle of melting? | bizeriy turabızmı? eriy turamıbız?are we in the middle of melting? | sizeriy turamısız?are you all in the middle of melting? | alaeriy turamıdıla?are they in the middle of melting? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | meneriy turmaymamı? eriy turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of melting? | seneriy turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of melting? | oleriy turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of melting? | bizeriy turmaybızmı? eriy turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of melting? | sizeriy turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of melting? | alaeriy turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of melting? |
| Simple past (definite) | meneridimI melted | seneridiŋyou melted | oleridihe melted | bizeridikwe melted | sizeridigizyou all melted | alaeridilethey melted |
| Simple past (definite) | menerimedimI didn't melt | senerimediŋyou didn't melt | olerimedihe didn't melt | bizerimedikwe didn't melt | sizerimedigizyou all didn't melt | alaerimedilethey didn't melt |
| Simple past (definite) | meneridimmi?did I melt? | seneridiŋmi?did you melt? | oleridimi?did he melt? | bizeridikmi?did we melt? | sizeridigizmi?did you all melt? | alaeridilemi?did they melt? |
| Simple past (definite) | menerimedimmi?didn't I melt? | senerimediŋmi?didn't you melt? | olerimedimi?didn't he melt? | bizerimedikmi?didn't we melt? | sizerimedigizmi?didn't you all melt? | alaerimedilemi?didn't they melt? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menerigenmeI have melted | senerigenseyou have melted | olerigendihe has melted | bizerigenbizwe have melted | sizerigensizyou all have melted | alaerigendilethey have melted |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menerimegenmeI haven't melted | senerimegenseyou haven't melted | olerimegendihe hasn't melted | bizerimegenbizwe haven't melted | sizerimegensizyou all haven't melted | alaerimegendilethey haven't melted |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menerigenmemi? erigenmime?have I melted? | senerigenmise?have you melted? | olerigenmidi?has he melted? | bizerigenbizmi? erigenmibiz?have we melted? | sizerigenmisiz?have you all melted? | alaerigenmidile?have they melted? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menerimegenmemi? erimegenmime?haven't I melted? | senerimegenmise?haven't you melted? | olerimegenmidi?hasn't he melted? | bizerimegenbizmi? erimegenmibiz?haven't we melted? | sizerimegenmisiz?haven't you all melted? | alaerimegenmidile?haven't they melted? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menerib turdumI kept melting | senerib turduŋyou kept melting | olerib turduhe kept melting | bizerib turduqwe kept melting | sizerib turduğuzyou all kept melting | alaerib turdulathey kept melting |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menerib turmadımI didn't keep melting | senerib turmadıŋyou didn't keep melting | olerib turmadıhe didn't keep melting | bizerib turmadıqwe didn't keep melting | sizerib turmadığızyou all didn't keep melting | alaerib turmadılathey didn't keep melting |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menerirmeI will melt | senerirseyou will melt | olerirhe will melt | bizerirbizwe will melt | sizerirsizyou all will melt | alaerirlethey will melt |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menerimezmeI won't melt | senerimezseyou won't melt | olerimezhe won't melt | bizerimezbizwe won't melt | sizerimezsizyou all won't melt | alaerimezlethey won't melt |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menerirmemi? erirmime?will I melt? | senerirmise?will you melt? | olerirmi?will he melt? | bizerirbizmi? erirmibiz?will we melt? | sizerirmisiz?will you all melt? | alaerirlemi? erirmile?will they melt? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menerimezmemi? erimezmime?won't I melt? | senerimezmise?won't you melt? | olerimezmi?won't he melt? | bizerimezbizmi? erimezmibiz?won't we melt? | sizerimezmisiz?won't you all melt? | alaerimezlemi? erimezmile?won't they melt? |
| Definite future (future II) | meneririkmeI am going to melt | seneririkseyou are going to melt | oleririkdihe is going to melt | bizeririkbizwe are going to melt | sizeririksizyou all are going to melt | alaeririkdilethey are going to melt |
| Definite future (future II) | meneririk tülmeI am not going to melt | seneririk tülseyou are not going to melt | oleririk tüldühe is not going to melt | bizeririk tülbüzwe are not going to melt | sizeririk tülsüzyou all are not going to melt | alaeririk tüldülethey are not going to melt |
| Definite future (future II) | meneririkmemi? eririkmime?am I going to melt? | seneririkmise?are you going to melt? | oleririkmidi?is he going to melt? | bizeririkbizmi? eririkmibiz?are we going to melt? | sizeririkmisiz?are you all going to melt? | alaeririkmidile?are they going to melt? |
| Definite future (future II) | meneririk tülmüme?aren't I going to melt? | seneririk tülmüse?aren't you going to melt? | oleririk tülmüdü?isn't he going to melt? | bizeririk tülmübüz?aren't we going to melt? | sizeririk tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to melt? | alaeririk tülmüdüle?aren't they going to melt? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menerigen edimerigenemI had melted | senerigen ediŋerigeneŋyou had melted | olerigen edierigenedhe had melted | bizerigen edikerigenekwe had melted | sizerigen edigizerigenegizyou all had melted | alaerigen edileerigenellethey had melted |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menerimegen edimerimegenemI hadn't melted | senerimegen ediŋerimegeneŋyou hadn't melted | olerimegen edierimegenedhe hadn't melted | bizerimegen edikerimegenekwe hadn't melted | sizerimegen edigizerimegenegizyou all hadn't melted | alaerimegen edileerimegenellethey hadn't melted |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | meneriy edimeriyemI was melting | seneriy ediŋeriyeŋyou were melting | oleriy edieriyedhe was melting | bizeriy edikeriyekwe were melting | sizeriy edigizeriyegizyou all were melting | alaeriy edileeriyellethey were melting |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menerimey edimerimeyemI wasn't melting | senerimey ediŋerimeyeŋyou weren't melting | olerimey edierimeyedhe wasn't melting | bizerimey edikerimeyekwe weren't melting | sizerimey edigizerimeyegizyou all weren't melting | alaerimey edileerimeyellethey weren't melting |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | meneriwçen edimeriwçenemI used to melt | seneriwçen ediŋeriwçeneŋyou used to melt | oleriwçen edieriwçenedhe used to melt | bizeriwçen edikeriwçenekwe used to melt | sizeriwçen edigizeriwçenegizyou all used to melt | alaeriwçen edileeriwçenellethey used to melt |
| Habitual past (used to) | menerimewçen edimerimewçenemI didn't use to melt | senerimewçen ediŋerimewçeneŋyou didn't use to melt | olerimewçen edierimewçenedhe didn't use to melt | bizerimewçen edikerimewçenekwe didn't use to melt | sizerimewçen edigizerimewçenegizyou all didn't use to melt | alaerimewçen edileerimewçenellethey didn't use to melt |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olerib edihe had melted and remained so | alaerib edilethey had melted and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olerib tül edihe hadn't melted | alaerib tül edilethey hadn't melted | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menerib tura edimerib turaemI had kept melting | senerib tura ediŋerib turaeŋyou had kept melting | olerib tura edierib turaedhe had kept melting | bizerib tura edikerib turaekwe had kept melting | sizerib tura edigizerib turaegizyou all had kept melting | alaerib tura edileerib turaellethey had kept melting |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menerib turmay edimerib turmayemI hadn't kept melting | senerib turmay ediŋerib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept melting | olerib turmay edierib turmayedhe hadn't kept melting | bizerib turmay edikerib turmayekwe hadn't kept melting | sizerib turmay edigizerib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept melting | alaerib turmay edileerib turmayellethey hadn't kept melting |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | meneriy tura edimeriy turaemI was in the middle of melting | seneriy tura ediŋeriy turaeŋyou were in the middle of melting | oleriy tura edieriy turaedhe was in the middle of melting | bizeriy tura edikeriy turaekwe were in the middle of melting | sizeriy tura edigizeriy turaegizyou all were in the middle of melting | alaeriy tura edileeriy turaellethey were in the middle of melting |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | meneriy turmay edimeriy turmayemI wasn't in the middle of melting | seneriy turmay ediŋeriy turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of melting | oleriy turmay edieriy turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of melting | bizeriy turmay edikeriy turmayekwe weren't in the middle of melting | sizeriy turmay edigizeriy turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of melting | alaeriy turmay edileeriy turmayellethey weren't in the middle of melting |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menerir edimerir emI would melt | senerir ediŋerir eŋyou would melt | olerir edierir edhe would melt | bizerir edikerir ekwe would melt | sizerir edigizerir egizyou all would melt | alaerir edileerir ellethey would melt |
| Conditional result (would) | menerimez edimerimez emI wouldn't melt | senerimez ediŋerimez eŋyou wouldn't melt | olerimez edierimez edhe wouldn't melt | bizerimez edikerimez ekwe wouldn't melt | sizerimez edigizerimez egizyou all wouldn't melt | alaerimez edileerimez ellethey wouldn't melt |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | meneririk edimeririk emI would have melted | seneririk ediŋeririk eŋyou would have melted | oleririk edieririk edhe would have melted | bizeririk edikeririk ekwe would have melted | sizeririk edigizeririk egizyou all would have melted | alaeririk edileeririk ellethey would have melted |
| Past conditional result (would have) | meneririk tül edimeririk tül emI wouldn't have melted | seneririk tül ediŋeririk tül eŋyou wouldn't have melted | oleririk tül edieririk tül edhe wouldn't have melted | bizeririk tül edikeririk tül ekwe wouldn't have melted | sizeririk tül edigizeririk tül egizyou all wouldn't have melted | alaeririk tül edileeririk tül ellethey wouldn't have melted |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menerisemif I melt | seneriseŋif you melt | oleriseif he melts | bizerisekif we melt | sizerisegizif you all melt | alaeriseleif they melt |
| Conditional | menerimesemif I don't melt | senerimeseŋif you don't melt | olerimeseif he doesn't melt | bizerimesekif we don't melt | sizerimesegizif you all don't melt | alaerimeseleif they don't melt |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | meneriy esemif I am melting | seneriy eseŋif you are melting | oleriy eseif he is melting | bizeriy esekif we are melting | sizeriy esegizif you all are melting | alaeriy eseleif they are melting |
| Conditional, present real | menerimey esemif I am not melting | senerimey eseŋif you are not melting | olerimey eseif he is not melting | bizerimey esekif we are not melting | sizerimey esegizif you all are not melting | alaerimey eseleif they are not melting |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menerisem edierisem edif only I melted | seneriseŋ edieriseŋ edif only you melted | olerise edierisedif only he melted | bizerisek edierisek edif only we melted | sizerisegiz edierisegiz edif only you all melted | alaerisele edieriseledif only they melted |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menerimesem edierimesem edif only I didn't melt | senerimeseŋ edierimeseŋ edif only you didn't melt | olerimese edierimesedif only he didn't melt | bizerimesek edierimesek edif only we didn't melt | sizerimesegiz edierimesegiz edif only you all didn't melt | alaerimesele edierimeseledif only they didn't melt |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menerib tursamif I carry on melting | senerib tursaŋif you carry on melting | olerib tursaif he carries on melting | bizerib tursaqif we carry on melting | sizerib tursağızif you all carry on melting | alaerib tursalaif they carry on melting |
| Durative conditional | menerib turmasamif I don't carry on melting | senerib turmasaŋif you don't carry on melting | olerib turmasaif he doesn't carry on melting | bizerib turmasaqif we don't carry on melting | sizerib turmasağızif you all don't carry on melting | alaerib turmasalaif they don't carry on melting |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menerib tura esemif I have kept melting | senerib tura eseŋif you have kept melting | olerib tura eseif he has kept melting | bizerib tura esekif we have kept melting | sizerib tura esegizif you all have kept melting | alaerib tura eseleif they have kept melting |
| Durative conditional, present real | menerib turmay esemif I haven't kept melting | senerib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept melting | olerib turmay eseif he hasn't kept melting | bizerib turmay esekif we haven't kept melting | sizerib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept melting | alaerib turmay eseleif they haven't kept melting |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | meneriy tursamif I keep melting | seneriy tursaŋif you keep melting | oleriy tursaif he keeps melting | bizeriy tursaqif we keep melting | sizeriy tursağızif you all keep melting | alaeriy tursalaif they keep melting |
| Progressive conditional | menerimey tursamif I keep on not melting | senerimey tursaŋif you keep on not melting | olerimey tursaif he keeps on not melting | bizerimey tursaqif we keep on not melting | sizerimey tursağızif you all keep on not melting | alaerimey tursalaif they keep on not melting |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | meneriy tura esemif I am in the middle of melting | seneriy tura eseŋif you are in the middle of melting | oleriy tura eseif he is in the middle of melting | bizeriy tura esekif we are in the middle of melting | sizeriy tura esegizif you all are in the middle of melting | alaeriy tura eseleif they are in the middle of melting |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menerimey tura esemif I keep on not melting | senerimey tura eseŋif you keep on not melting | olerimey tura eseif he keeps on not melting | bizerimey tura esekif we keep on not melting | sizerimey tura esegizif you all keep on not melting | alaerimey tura eseleif they keep on not melting |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | meneridim esemif I melted | seneridiŋ eseŋif you melted | oleridi eseif he melted | bizeridik esekif we melted | sizeridigiz esegizif you all melted | alaeridile eseleif they melted |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menerimedim esemif I didn't melt | senerimediŋ eseŋif you didn't melt | olerimedi eseif he didn't melt | bizerimedik esekif we didn't melt | sizerimedigiz esegizif you all didn't melt | alaerimedile eseleif they didn't melt |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menerigen esemif I did melt (indeed) | senerigen eseŋif you did melt (indeed) | olerigen eseif he did melt (indeed) | bizerigen esekif we did melt (indeed) | sizerigen esegizif you all did melt (indeed) | alaerigen eseleif they did melt (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menerimegen esemif I didn't melt (indeed) | senerimegen eseŋif you didn't melt (indeed) | olerimegen eseif he didn't melt (indeed) | bizerimegen esekif we didn't melt (indeed) | sizerimegen esegizif you all didn't melt (indeed) | alaerimegen eseleif they didn't melt (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menerigen bolsamif I had melted | senerigen bolsaŋif you had melted | olerigen bolsaif he had melted | bizerigen bolsaqif we had melted | sizerigen bolsağızif you all had melted | alaerigen bolsalaif they had melted |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menerimegen bolsamif I hadn't melted | senerimegen bolsaŋif you hadn't melted | olerimegen bolsaif he hadn't melted | bizerimegen bolsaqif we hadn't melted | sizerimegen bolsağızif you all hadn't melted | alaerimegen bolsalaif they hadn't melted |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menerigen bolsam edierigen bolsam edif only I had melted | senerigen bolsaŋ edierigen bolsaŋ edif only you had melted | olerigen bolsa edierigen bolsaedif only he had melted | bizerigen bolsaq edierigen bolsaq edif only we had melted | sizerigen bolsağız edierigen bolsağız edif only you all had melted | alaerigen bolsala edierigen bolsalaedif only they had melted |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menerimegen bolsam edierimegen bolsam edif only I hadn't melted | senerimegen bolsaŋ edierimegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't melted | olerimegen bolsa edierimegen bolsaedif only he hadn't melted | bizerimegen bolsaq edierimegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't melted | sizerimegen bolsağız edierimegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't melted | alaerimegen bolsala edierimegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't melted |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menerir esemif I will melt | senerir eseŋif you will melt | olerir eseif he will melt | bizerir esekif we will melt | sizerir esegizif you all will melt | alaerir eseleif they will melt |
| Conditional, aorist | menerimez esemif I won't melt | senerimez eseŋif you won't melt | olerimez eseif he won't melt | bizerimez esekif we won't melt | sizerimez esegizif you all won't melt | alaerimez eseleif they won't melt |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | meneririk esemif I am going to melt | seneririk eseŋif you are going to melt | oleririk eseif he is going to melt | bizeririk esekif we are going to melt | sizeririk esegizif you all are going to melt | alaeririk eseleif they are going to melt |
| Conditional, future | meneririk tül esemif I am not going to melt | seneririk tül eseŋif you are not going to melt | oleririk tül eseif he is not going to melt | bizeririk tül esekif we are not going to melt | sizeririk tül esegizif you all are not going to melt | alaeririk tül eseleif they are not going to melt |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | meneririk bolsamif I were going to melt | seneririk bolsaŋif you were going to melt | oleririk bolsaif he were going to melt | bizeririk bolsaqif we were going to melt | sizeririk bolsağızif you all were going to melt | alaeririk bolsalaif they were going to melt |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menerimezlik bolsamif I were not going to melt | senerimezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to melt | olerimezlik bolsaif he were not going to melt | bizerimezlik bolsaqif we were not going to melt | sizerimezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to melt | alaerimezlik bolsalaif they were not going to melt |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso eridiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | meneriy bolurmaI must be melting | seneriy bolursayou must be melting | oleriy bolurhe must be melting | bizeriy bolurbuzwe must be melting | sizeriy bolursuzyou all must be melting | alaeriy bolurlathey must be melting |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menerimey bolurmaI must not be melting | senerimey bolursayou must not be melting | olerimey bolurhe must not be melting | bizerimey bolurbuzwe must not be melting | sizerimey bolursuzyou all must not be melting | alaerimey bolurlathey must not be melting |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | meneriy tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of melting | seneriy tura bolursayou must be in the middle of melting | oleriy tura bolurhe must be in the middle of melting | bizeriy tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of melting | sizeriy tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of melting | alaeriy tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of melting |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menerimey tura bolurmaI must keep on not melting | senerimey tura bolursayou must keep on not melting | olerimey tura bolurhe must keep on not melting | bizerimey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not melting | sizerimey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not melting | alaerimey tura bolurlathey must keep on not melting |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menerigen bolurmaI must have melted | senerigen bolursayou must have melted | olerigen bolurhe must have melted | bizerigen bolurbuzwe must have melted | sizerigen bolursuzyou all must have melted | alaerigen bolurlathey must have melted |
| Inference (must have) | menerimegen bolurmaI must not have melted | senerimegen bolursayou must not have melted | olerimegen bolurhe must not have melted | bizerimegen bolurbuzwe must not have melted | sizerimegen bolursuzyou all must not have melted | alaerimegen bolurlathey must not have melted |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | meneririk bolurmaI must be going to melt | seneririk bolursayou must be going to melt | oleririk bolurhe must be going to melt | bizeririk bolurbuzwe must be going to melt | sizeririk bolursuzyou all must be going to melt | alaeririk bolurlathey must be going to melt |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menerimezlik bolurmaI must not be going to melt | senerimezlik bolursayou must not be going to melt | olerimezlik bolurhe must not be going to melt | bizerimezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to melt | sizerimezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to melt | alaerimezlik bolurlathey must not be going to melt |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | meneriyimlet me melt | seneri!melt! | olerisinlet him melt | bizeriyiklet's melt | sizerigiz!melt, you all! | alaerisinlelet them melt |
| Commands & suggestions | menerimeyimlet me not melt | senerime!don't melt! | olerimesinlet him not melt | bizerimeyiklet's not melt | sizerimegiz!don't melt, you all! | alaerimesinlelet them not melt |
| Commands & suggestions | meneriyimmi?shall I melt? | olerisinmi?should he melt? | bizeriyikmi?shall we melt? | alaerisinlemi?should they melt? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menerimeyimmi?shall I not melt? | olerimesinmi?should he not melt? | bizerimeyikmi?shall we not melt? | alaerimesinlemi?should they not melt? | ||
| Requests | seneriçi2eriçinplease melt | olerisinçido let him melt | sizeriçigizplease melt (plural/polite) | alaerisinleçido let them melt | ||
| Requests | senerimeçi2erimeçinplease don't melt | olerimesinçido let him not melt | sizerimeçigizplease don't melt (plural/polite) | alaerimesinleçido let them not melt | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | seneriginerigimay you melt | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senerimeginerimegimay you not melt | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menerigey edim erige edimwould that I melted | senerigey ediŋ erige ediŋwould that you melted | olerigey edi erige ediwould that he melted | bizerigey edik erige edikwould that we melted | sizerigey edigiz erige edigizwould that you all melted | alaerigey edile erige edilewould that they melted |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menerimegey edim erimege edimwould that I did not melt | senerimegey ediŋ erimege ediŋwould that you did not melt | olerimegey edi erimege ediwould that he did not melt | bizerimegey edik erimege edikwould that we did not melt | sizerimegey edigiz erimege edigizwould that you all did not melt | alaerimegey edile erimege edilewould that they did not melt |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menerimege qoyayımerime qoyayımlet me allow someone to melt | senerimege qoy!erime qoy!let someone melt! | olerimege qoysunerime qoysunlet him allow someone to melt | bizerimege qoyayıqerime qoyayıqlet's allow someone to melt | sizerimege qoyuğuz!erime qoyuğuz!let someone melt, you all! | alaerimege qoysunlaerime qoysunlalet them allow someone to melt |
| Let someone… (commands) | menerimege qoymayımerime qoymayımlet me not allow someone to melt | senerimege qoyma!erime qoyma!don't let someone melt! | olerimege qoymasınerime qoymasınlet him not allow someone to melt | bizerimege qoymayıqerime qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to melt | sizerimege qoymağız!erime qoymağız!don't let someone melt, you all! | alaerimege qoymasınlaerime qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to melt |
| Let someone… (commands) | menerimege qoyayımmı?erime qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to melt? | olerimege qoysunmu?erime qoysunmu?should he allow someone to melt? | bizerimege qoyayıqmı?erime qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to melt? | alaerimege qoysunlamı?erime qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to melt? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menerimege qoymayımmı?erime qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to melt? | olerimege qoymasınmı?erime qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to melt? | bizerimege qoymayıqmı?erime qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to melt? | alaerimege qoymasınlamı?erime qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to melt? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menerimege qoyamaerime qoyamaI allow someone to melt | senerimege qoyasaerime qoyasayou allow someone to melt | olerimege qoyadıerime qoyadıhe allows someone to melt | bizerimege qoyabızerime qoyabızwe allow someone to melt | sizerimege qoyasızerime qoyasızyou all allow someone to melt | alaerimege qoyadılaerime qoyadılathey allow someone to melt |
| Let someone… (present) | menerimege qoymaymaerime qoymaymaI don't allow someone to melt | senerimege qoymaysaerime qoymaysayou don't allow someone to melt | olerimege qoymaydıerime qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to melt | bizerimege qoymaybızerime qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to melt | sizerimege qoymaysızerime qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to melt | alaerimege qoymaydılaerime qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to melt |
| Let someone… (present) | menerimege qoyamamı?erime qoyamamı?do I allow someone to melt? | senerimege qoyamısa?erime qoyamısa?do you allow someone to melt? | olerimege qoyamıdı?erime qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to melt? | bizerimege qoyabızmı?erime qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to melt? | sizerimege qoyamısız?erime qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to melt? | alaerimege qoyamıdıla?erime qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to melt? |
| Let someone… (present) | menerimege qoymaymamı?erime qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to melt? | senerimege qoymaymısa?erime qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to melt? | olerimege qoymaymıdı?erime qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to melt? | bizerimege qoymaybızmı?erime qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to melt? | sizerimege qoymaymısız?erime qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to melt? | alaerimege qoymaymıdıla?erime qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to melt? |
| Let someone… (past) | menerimege qoydumerime qoydumI allowed someone to melt | senerimege qoyduŋerime qoyduŋyou allowed someone to melt | olerimege qoyduerime qoyduhe allowed someone to melt | bizerimege qoyduqerime qoyduqwe allowed someone to melt | sizerimege qoyduğuzerime qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to melt | alaerimege qoydulaerime qoydulathey allowed someone to melt |
| Let someone… (past) | menerimege qoymadımerime qoymadımI didn't allow someone to melt | senerimege qoymadıŋerime qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to melt | olerimege qoymadıerime qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to melt | bizerimege qoymadıqerime qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to melt | sizerimege qoymadığızerime qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to melt | alaerimege qoymadılaerime qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to melt |
| Let someone… (past) | menerimege qoydummu?erime qoydummu?did I allow someone to melt? | senerimege qoyduŋmu?erime qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to melt? | olerimege qoydumu?erime qoydumu?did he allow someone to melt? | bizerimege qoyduqmu?erime qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to melt? | sizerimege qoyduğuzmu?erime qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to melt? | alaerimege qoydulamı?erime qoydulamı?did they allow someone to melt? |
| Let someone… (past) | menerimege qoymadımmı?erime qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to melt? | senerimege qoymadıŋmı?erime qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to melt? | olerimege qoymadımı?erime qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to melt? | bizerimege qoymadıqmı?erime qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to melt? | sizerimege qoymadığızmı?erime qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to melt? | alaerimege qoymadılamı?erime qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to melt? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | meneriyalamaI can melt | seneriyalasayou can melt | oleriyaladıhe can melt | bizeriyalabızwe can melt | sizeriyalasızyou all can melt | alaeriyaladılathey can melt |
| Ability — present | meneriyalmaymaI can't melt | seneriyalmaysayou can't melt | oleriyalmaydıhe can't melt | bizeriyalmaybızwe can't melt | sizeriyalmaysızyou all can't melt | alaeriyalmaydılathey can't melt |
| Ability — present | meneriyalamamı? eriyalamıma?can I melt? | seneriyalamısa?can you melt? | oleriyalamıdı?can he melt? | bizeriyalabızmı? eriyalamıbız?can we melt? | sizeriyalamısız?can you all melt? | alaeriyalamıdıla?can they melt? |
| Ability — present | meneriyalmaymamı? eriyalmaymıma?can't I melt? | seneriyalmaymısa?can't you melt? | oleriyalmaymıdı?can't he melt? | bizeriyalmaybızmı? eriyalmaymıbız?can't we melt? | sizeriyalmaymısız?can't you all melt? | alaeriyalmaymıdıla?can't they melt? |
| Ability — if I can… | meneriyalsamif I can melt | seneriyalsaŋif you can melt | oleriyalsaif he can melt | bizeriyalsaqif we can melt | sizeriyalsağızif you all can melt | alaeriyalsalaif they can melt |
| Ability — if I can… | meneriyalmasamif I can't melt | seneriyalmasaŋif you can't melt | oleriyalmasaif he can't melt | bizeriyalmasaqif we can't melt | sizeriyalmasağızif you all can't melt | alaeriyalmasalaif they can't melt |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | meneriyaldımI was able to melt | seneriyaldıŋyou were able to melt | oleriyaldıhe was able to melt | bizeriyaldıqwe were able to melt | sizeriyaldığızyou all were able to melt | alaeriyaldılathey were able to melt |
| Ability — simple past | meneriyalmadımI could not melt | seneriyalmadıŋyou could not melt | oleriyalmadıhe could not melt | bizeriyalmadıqwe could not melt | sizeriyalmadığızyou all could not melt | alaeriyalmadılathey could not melt |
| Ability — simple past | meneriyaldımmı?was I able to melt? | seneriyaldıŋmı?were you able to melt? | oleriyaldımı?was he able to melt? | bizeriyaldıqmı?were we able to melt? | sizeriyaldığızmı?were you all able to melt? | alaeriyaldılamı?were they able to melt? |
| Ability — simple past | meneriyalmadımmı?couldn't I melt? | seneriyalmadıŋmı?couldn't you melt? | oleriyalmadımı?couldn't he melt? | bizeriyalmadıqmı?couldn't we melt? | sizeriyalmadığızmı?couldn't you all melt? | alaeriyalmadılamı?couldn't they melt? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | meneriyalğanmaI have been able to melt | seneriyalğansayou have been able to melt | oleriyalğandıhe has been able to melt | bizeriyalğanbızwe have been able to melt | sizeriyalğansızyou all have been able to melt | alaeriyalğandılathey have been able to melt |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | meneriyalmağanmaI haven't been able to melt | seneriyalmağansayou haven't been able to melt | oleriyalmağandıhe hasn't been able to melt | bizeriyalmağanbızwe haven't been able to melt | sizeriyalmağansızyou all haven't been able to melt | alaeriyalmağandılathey haven't been able to melt |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | meneriyalğanmamı? eriyalğanmıma?have I been able to melt? | seneriyalğanmısa?have you been able to melt? | oleriyalğanmıdı?has he been able to melt? | bizeriyalğanbızmı? eriyalğanmıbız?have we been able to melt? | sizeriyalğanmısız?have you all been able to melt? | alaeriyalğanmıdıla?have they been able to melt? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | meneriyalmağanmamı? eriyalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to melt? | seneriyalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to melt? | oleriyalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to melt? | bizeriyalmağanbızmı? eriyalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to melt? | sizeriyalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to melt? | alaeriyalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to melt? |
| Ability — past perfect | meneriyalğan edimeriyalğanemI had been able to melt | seneriyalğan ediŋeriyalğaneŋyou had been able to melt | oleriyalğan edieriyalğanedhe had been able to melt | bizeriyalğan edikeriyalğanekwe had been able to melt | sizeriyalğan edigizeriyalğanegizyou all had been able to melt | alaeriyalğan edileeriyalğanellethey had been able to melt |
| Ability — past perfect | meneriyalmağan edimeriyalmağanemI hadn't been able to melt | seneriyalmağan ediŋeriyalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to melt | oleriyalmağan edieriyalmağanedhe hadn't been able to melt | bizeriyalmağan edikeriyalmağanekwe hadn't been able to melt | sizeriyalmağan edigizeriyalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to melt | alaeriyalmağan edileeriyalmağanellethey hadn't been able to melt |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | meneriyala edimeriyalaemI could melt | seneriyala ediŋeriyalaeŋyou could melt | oleriyala edieriyalaedhe could melt | bizeriyala edikeriyalaekwe could melt | sizeriyala edigizeriyalaegizyou all could melt | alaeriyala edileeriyalaellethey could melt |
| Ability — past background | meneriyalmay edimeriyalmayemI could not melt | seneriyalmay ediŋeriyalmayeŋyou could not melt | oleriyalmay edieriyalmayedhe could not melt | bizeriyalmay edikeriyalmayekwe could not melt | sizeriyalmay edigizeriyalmayegizyou all could not melt | alaeriyalmay edileeriyalmayellethey could not melt |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | meneriyalırmaI will be able to melt | seneriyalırsayou will be able to melt | oleriyalırhe will be able to melt | bizeriyalırbızwe will be able to melt | sizeriyalırsızyou all will be able to melt | alaeriyalırlathey will be able to melt |
| Ability — future I | meneriyalmazmaI won't be able to melt | seneriyalmazsayou won't be able to melt | oleriyalmazhe won't be able to melt | bizeriyalmazbızwe won't be able to melt | sizeriyalmazsızyou all won't be able to melt | alaeriyalmazlathey won't be able to melt |
| Ability — future I | meneriyalırmamı? eriyalırmıma?will I be able to melt? | seneriyalırmısa?will you be able to melt? | oleriyalırmı?will he be able to melt? | bizeriyalırbızmı? eriyalırmıbız?will we be able to melt? | sizeriyalırmısız?will you all be able to melt? | alaeriyalırlamı? eriyalırmıla?will they be able to melt? |
| Ability — future I | meneriyalmazmamı? eriyalmazmıma?won't I be able to melt? | seneriyalmazmısa?won't you be able to melt? | oleriyalmazmı?won't he be able to melt? | bizeriyalmazbızmı? eriyalmazmıbız?won't we be able to melt? | sizeriyalmazmısız?won't you all be able to melt? | alaeriyalmazlamı? eriyalmazmıla?won't they be able to melt? |
| Ability — future II | meneriyallıqmaI am going to be able to melt | seneriyallıqsayou are going to be able to melt | oleriyallıqdıhe is going to be able to melt | bizeriyallıqbızwe are going to be able to melt | sizeriyallıqsızyou all are going to be able to melt | alaeriyallıqdılathey are going to be able to melt |
| Ability — future II | meneriyallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to melt | seneriyallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to melt | oleriyallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to melt | bizeriyallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to melt | sizeriyallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to melt | alaeriyallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to melt |
| Ability — future II | meneriyallıqmamı? eriyallıqmıma?am I going to be able to melt? | seneriyallıqmısa?are you going to be able to melt? | oleriyallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to melt? | bizeriyallıqbızmı? eriyallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to melt? | sizeriyallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to melt? | alaeriyallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to melt? |
| Ability — future II | meneriyallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to melt? | seneriyallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to melt? | oleriyallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to melt? | bizeriyallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to melt? | sizeriyallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to melt? | alaeriyallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to melt? |
| Ability — would be able to… | meneriyalır edimeriyalır emI would be able to melt | seneriyalır ediŋeriyalır eŋyou would be able to melt | oleriyalır edieriyalır edhe would be able to melt | bizeriyalır edikeriyalır ekwe would be able to melt | sizeriyalır edigizeriyalır egizyou all would be able to melt | alaeriyalır edileeriyalır ellethey would be able to melt |
| Ability — would be able to… | meneriyalmaz edimeriyalmaz emI wouldn't be able to melt | seneriyalmaz ediŋeriyalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to melt | oleriyalmaz edieriyalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to melt | bizeriyalmaz edikeriyalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to melt | sizeriyalmaz edigizeriyalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to melt | alaeriyalmaz edileeriyalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to melt |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | seneriyalğıneriyalğımay you be able to melt | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | seneriyalmağıneriyalmağımay you not be able to melt | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menerirge izleymeI want to melt | senerirge izleyseyou want to melt | olerirge izleydihe wants to melt | bizerirge izleybizwe want to melt | sizerirge izleysizyou all want to melt | alaerirge izleydilethey want to melt |
| want to | menerirge izlemeymeI do not want to melt | senerirge izlemeyseyou do not want to melt | olerirge izlemeydihe does not want to melt | bizerirge izlemeybizwe do not want to melt | sizerirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to melt | alaerirge izlemeydilethey do not want to melt |
| would like to | menerirge süemeI would like to melt | senerirge süeseyou would like to melt | olerirge süedihe would like to melt | bizerirge süebizwe would like to melt | sizerirge süesizyou all would like to melt | alaerirge süedilethey would like to melt |
| would like to | menerirge süymeymeI would not like to melt | senerirge süymeyseyou would not like to melt | olerirge süymeydihe would not like to melt | bizerirge süymeybizwe would not like to melt | sizerirge süymeysizyou all would not like to melt | alaerirge süymeydilethey would not like to melt |
| hope to | menerirge umutlanamaI hope to melt | senerirge umutlanasayou hope to melt | olerirge umutlanadıhe hopes to melt | bizerirge umutlanabızwe hope to melt | sizerirge umutlanasızyou all hope to melt | alaerirge umutlanadılathey hope to melt |
| hope to | menerirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to melt | senerirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to melt | olerirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to melt | bizerirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to melt | sizerirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to melt | alaerirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to melt |
| be about to | menerirge deb turamaI am about to melt | senerirge deb turasayou are about to melt | olerirge deb turadıhe is about to melt | bizerirge deb turabızwe are about to melt | sizerirge deb turasızyou all are about to melt | alaerirge deb turadılathey are about to melt |
| be about to | menerirge deb turmaymaI am not about to melt | senerirge deb turmaysayou are not about to melt | olerirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to melt | bizerirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to melt | sizerirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to melt | alaerirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to melt |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menerirge kerekmeI need to melt | senerirge kerekseyou need to melt | olerirge kerekdihe needs to melt | bizerirge kerekbizwe need to melt | sizerirge kereksizyou all need to melt | alaerirge kerekdilethey need to melt |
| need to | menerirge kerek tülmeI do not need to melt | senerirge kerek tülseyou do not need to melt | olerirge kerek tüldühe does not need to melt | bizerirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to melt | sizerirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to melt | alaerirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to melt |
| have to | menmenŋe erirge tüşediI have to melt | sensenŋe erirge tüşediyou have to melt | olaŋa erirge tüşedihe has to melt | bizbizge erirge tüşediwe have to melt | sizsizge erirge tüşediyou all have to melt | alaalağa erirge tüşedithey have to melt |
| have to | menmenŋe erirge tüşmeydiI do not have to melt | sensenŋe erirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to melt | olaŋa erirge tüşmeydihe does not have to melt | bizbizge erirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to melt | sizsizge erirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to melt | alaalağa erirge tüşmeydithey do not have to melt |
| be obliged to | menerirge borçlumaI am obliged to melt | senerirge borçlusayou are obliged to melt | olerirge borçluduhe is obliged to melt | bizerirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to melt | sizerirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to melt | alaerirge borçludulathey are obliged to melt |
| be obliged to | menerirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to melt | senerirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to melt | olerirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to melt | bizerirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to melt | sizerirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to melt | alaerirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to melt |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menerirge madarım bardıI have a way to melt | senerirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to melt | olerirge madarı bardıhe has a way to melt | bizerirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to melt | sizerirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to melt | alaerirge madarları bardıthey have a way to melt |
| have a way to | menerirge madarım joqduI have no way to melt | senerirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to melt | olerirge madarı joqduhe has no way to melt | bizerirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to melt | sizerirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to melt | alaerirge madarları joqduthey have no way to melt |
| be free to | menerirge erkinligim bardıI am free to melt | senerirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to melt | olerirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to melt | bizerirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to melt | sizerirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to melt | alaerirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to melt |
| be free to | menerirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to melt | senerirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to melt | olerirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to melt | bizerirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to melt | sizerirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to melt | alaerirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to melt |
| be possible to | menmenŋe erirge bolluqduit is possible for me to melt | sensenŋe erirge bolluqduit is possible for you to melt | olaŋa erirge bolluqduit is possible for him to melt | bizbizge erirge bolluqduit is possible for us to melt | sizsizge erirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to melt | alaalağa erirge bolluqduit is possible for them to melt |
| be possible to | menmenŋe erirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to melt | sensenŋe erirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to melt | olaŋa erirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to melt | bizbizge erirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to melt | sizsizge erirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to melt | alaalağa erirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to melt |
| be ready to | menerirge hazırmaI am ready to melt | senerirge hazırsayou are ready to melt | olerirge hazırdıhe is ready to melt | bizerirge hazırbızwe are ready to melt | sizerirge hazırsızyou all are ready to melt | alaerirge hazırdılathey are ready to melt |
| be ready to | menerirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to melt | senerirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to melt | olerirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to melt | bizerirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to melt | sizerirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to melt | alaerirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to melt |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menerirge küreşemeI am trying to melt | senerirge küreşeseyou are trying to melt | olerirge küreşedihe is trying to melt | bizerirge küreşebizwe are trying to melt | sizerirge küreşesizyou all are trying to melt | alaerirge küreşedilethey are trying to melt |
| try to | menerirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to melt | senerirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to melt | olerirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to melt | bizerirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to melt | sizerirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to melt | alaerirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to melt |
| agree to | menerirge unaymaI agree to melt | senerirge unaysayou agree to melt | olerirge unaydıhe agrees to melt | bizerirge unaybızwe agree to melt | sizerirge unaysızyou all agree to melt | alaerirge unaydılathey agree to melt |
| agree to | menerirge unamaymaI refuse to melt | senerirge unamaysayou refuse to melt | olerirge unamaydıhe refuses to melt | bizerirge unamaybızwe refuse to melt | sizerirge unamaysızyou all refuse to melt | alaerirge unamaydılathey refuse to melt |
| hurry to | menerirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to melt | senerirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to melt | olerirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to melt | bizerirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to melt | sizerirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to melt | alaerirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to melt |
| hurry to | menerirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to melt | senerirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to melt | olerirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to melt | bizerirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to melt | sizerirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to melt | alaerirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to melt |
| be afraid to | menerirge qorqamaI am afraid to melt | senerirge qorqasayou are afraid to melt | olerirge qorqadıhe is afraid to melt | bizerirge qorqabızwe are afraid to melt | sizerirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to melt | alaerirge qorqadılathey are afraid to melt |
| be afraid to | menerirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to melt | senerirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to melt | olerirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to melt | bizerirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to melt | sizerirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to melt | alaerirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to melt |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | meneriy bolmazmaI can't be melting | seneriy bolmazsayou can't be melting | oleriy bolmazhe can't be melting | bizeriy bolmazbızwe can't be melting | sizeriy bolmazsızyou all can't be melting | alaeriy bolmazlathey can't be melting |
| Inference, present — double negation | menerimey bolmazmaI must be melting (emphatic) | senerimey bolmazsayou must be melting (emphatic) | olerimey bolmazhe must be melting (emphatic) | bizerimey bolmazbızwe must be melting (emphatic) | sizerimey bolmazsızyou all must be melting (emphatic) | alaerimey bolmazlathey must be melting (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | meneriy turmasamif I don't keep melting | seneriy turmasaŋif you don't keep melting | oleriy turmasaif he doesn't keep melting | bizeriy turmasaqif we don't keep melting | sizeriy turmasağızif you all don't keep melting | alaeriy turmasalaif they don't keep melting |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | meneriy tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of melting | seneriy tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of melting | oleriy tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of melting | bizeriy tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of melting | sizeriy tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of melting | alaeriy tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of melting |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menerimey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not melting (emphatic) | senerimey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not melting (emphatic) | olerimey tura bolmazhe must keep on not melting (emphatic) | bizerimey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not melting (emphatic) | sizerimey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not melting (emphatic) | alaerimey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not melting (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menerimey turamaI keep on not melting | senerimey turasayou keep on not melting | olerimey turadıhe keeps on not melting | bizerimey turabızwe keep on not melting | sizerimey turasızyou all keep on not melting | alaerimey turadılathey keep on not melting |
| Progressive — double negation | menerimey turmaymaI am not keeping on not melting | senerimey turmaysayou are not keeping on not melting | olerimey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not melting | bizerimey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not melting | sizerimey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not melting | alaerimey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not melting |
| Progressive — double negation | menerimey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not melting? | senerimey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not melting? | olerimey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not melting? | bizerimey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not melting? | sizerimey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not melting? | alaerimey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not melting? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menerigen bolmazmaI can't have melted | senerigen bolmazsayou can't have melted | olerigen bolmazhe can't have melted | bizerigen bolmazbızwe can't have melted | sizerigen bolmazsızyou all can't have melted | alaerigen bolmazlathey can't have melted |
| Inference — double negation | menerimegen bolmazmaI must have melted (emphatic) | senerimegen bolmazsayou must have melted (emphatic) | olerimegen bolmazhe must have melted (emphatic) | bizerimegen bolmazbızwe must have melted (emphatic) | sizerimegen bolmazsızyou all must have melted (emphatic) | alaerimegen bolmazlathey must have melted (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menerigen bolmasamif it weren't that I had melted | senerigen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had melted | olerigen bolmasaif it weren't that he had melted | bizerigen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had melted | sizerigen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had melted | alaerigen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had melted |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menerimegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't melted | senerimegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't melted | olerimegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't melted | bizerimegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't melted | sizerimegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't melted | alaerimegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't melted |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | meneririk bolmazmaI can't be going to melt | seneririk bolmazsayou can't be going to melt | oleririk bolmazhe can't be going to melt | bizeririk bolmazbızwe can't be going to melt | sizeririk bolmazsızyou all can't be going to melt | alaeririk bolmazlathey can't be going to melt |
| Inference, future — double negation | menerimezlik bolmazmaI must be going to melt (emphatic) | senerimezlik bolmazsayou must be going to melt (emphatic) | olerimezlik bolmazhe must be going to melt (emphatic) | bizerimezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to melt (emphatic) | sizerimezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to melt (emphatic) | alaerimezlik bolmazlathey must be going to melt (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | meneririk bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to melt | seneririk bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to melt | oleririk bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to melt | bizeririk bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to melt | sizeririk bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to melt | alaeririk bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to melt |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menerimezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to melt | senerimezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to melt | olerimezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to melt | bizerimezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to melt | sizerimezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to melt | alaerimezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to melt |