defter
/ defter /
Definitions noun exercise book, notebook, copybook
Definitions noun a copy of a book or journal (Karachay)
Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | defter the exercise book | defterle the exercise books | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | defterni the exercise book's | defterleni the exercise books' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | defterni the exercise book (as the object) | defterleni the exercise books (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | defterge to the exercise book | defterlege to the exercise books | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | defterde at / in the exercise book | defterlede at / in the exercise books | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | defterden from the exercise book | defterleden from the exercise books | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | defterim my exercise book | defterlerim my exercise books |
| your | defteriŋ your exercise book | defterleriŋ your exercise books |
| his / her | defteri his / her exercise book | defterleri his / her exercise books |
| our | defteribiz our exercise book | defterleribiz our exercise books |
| you all's | defterigiz you all's exercise book | defterlerigiz you all's exercise books |
| their | defterleri their exercise book | defterleri their exercise books |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: defterleri can mean "his / her exercise books", "their exercise book", or "their exercise books" — context decides.