da
/da/
1. too, also — It stands after the word it adds; repeating it on two words gives the "both ... and" pattern.
- ol da anda edi — he was there too
- meni kölüme da alay keledi — that is how I see it too
- keçe da kün da işleydi — he works both night and day
- arı da, beri da — both this way and that
- ol da, ol biri da — both this one and the other one
- kesiŋi da, bizni da qıynaysa — you torment both yourself and us
2. even, indeed — It follows the word it emphasizes.
- janımı da ayarıq tülme — I will not spare even my life
- busağatda da unutalmayma ol künnü — even now I cannot forget that day
- ala bizden da bek aşığadıla — they are hurrying even more than we are
- ne eterge da bilmey turama — I do not even know what to do
- men senŋe aytdım da — I did tell you
3. not even, not a single one — The verb that follows is a negative one.
- ol bir zat da aytmadı — he did not say a single thing
- bir söz da aytmağanlay — without saying a single word
- kişi da kelmedi — nobody at all came
4. and, and then — It closes the first of the two words or clauses it joins instead of standing between them.
- taŋ atdı da, kün çıqdı — dawn broke, and the sun rose
- sen kel da, alay başlarbız — come, and then we will begin
- arbazğa kirdi da, eşikni jabdı — he came into the yard and shut the door
5. and so, therefore (joining a cause to the clause that states its result) — It closes the clause that gives the cause, and the clause after it states the result, as in jawun jawdu da "it rained, and so".
- jawun jawdu da, üyde qaldıq — it rained, and so we stayed home
- awrub qaldım da, kelalmadım — I fell ill, and so I could not come
- keç qaldı da, aşığadı — he was late, and so he is hurrying
6. whereas, but — It closes the first clause and sets what follows against it.
- men keteyim da, ol qalsın — let me go, but let him stay
- men işleyme da, ol soluydu — I am working, whereas he is resting
- alay etib turma da, oqu — do not sit like that, read instead
- biz ketebiz da, ala kellikdile — we are leaving, whereas they will come
7. well, so — It opens a sentence, usually a reply, and prepares the listener for what comes next.
- da ne eteyim? — well, what should I do?
- da sen aythan bolsun — well, let it be as you said
- da ma körese! — well, there you see!
- da eteyik alay — well, let's do it that way
- da aytığız beri! — well, tell us then!
8. isn't it?, right? — It comes at the end of a statement and asks the listener to confirm it.
- tambla kelirse da? — you will come tomorrow, won't you?
- bizge kelliksiz da? — you will come to us, won't you?
- ataŋı sawluğu igidi da? — your father is in good health, isn't he?
- ol iŋirde toyğa barlıqdı da? — he will go to the wedding this evening, won't he?
9. was going to, tried to — It goes with a personal verb form and marks an action the speaker set out on but did not carry through.
- keterge da tebredim — I was going to leave
- biz barırğa da tebredik — we were going to go
- oquyum deb da kördüm — I tried to study
10. really, I wonder, what if — It closes a question in which the speaker doubts, wonders, or fears something.
- ol kelgenmidi da? — has he really come?
- kelib qalır da? — what if he comes?
- artha qalıb keterbiz da? — are we really going to fall behind?
11. although, even if — It follows a verb in the conditional and makes that clause a concessive one.
- alay bolsa da — even so
- jılı kelse da, jüregi jaşdı — though he is getting on in years, his heart is young
- jawun jawsa da, biz barlıqbız — even if it rains, we will go
- quwansa da quwanırçadı — even if he rejoices, he has reason to
12. any, -ever (after a question word: whoever, whatever, wherever) — It follows a question word, often before bolsun: kim da bolsun "whoever it may be", ne da bolsun "whatever it may be".
- ne da bolsun — whatever it may be
- qayrı barsa da — wherever he goes
- qayda da bolsun, tabarma — wherever it may be, I will find it