buwuşurğa
/buwuʃurʁa/
grapple, wrestle with one another, lock together in a fight — The reciprocal form of buwarğa. The other party takes bla: börü bla adam buwuşub "the wolf and the man grappled with each other".
- börü bla adam buwuşdula — the wolf and the man grappled with each other
- biz buwuşub, qarğa awduq — we grappled and fell into the snow
- itle buwuşadıla — the dogs are locked together in a fight
Conjugation
Common forms
- buwuşadıhe is grappling
- buwuşduhe grappled
- buwuşhandıhe has grappled
- buwuşurhe will grapple
- buwuşuruqduhe is going to grapple
- buwuşa edihe was grappling
- buwuşsaif he grapples
- buwuş!grapple!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbuwuşamaI am grappling | senbuwuşasayou are grappling | olbuwuşadıhe is grappling | bizbuwuşabızwe are grappling | sizbuwuşasızyou all are grappling | alabuwuşadılathey are grappling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbuwuşmaymaI am not grappling | senbuwuşmaysayou are not grappling | olbuwuşmaydıhe is not grappling | bizbuwuşmaybızwe are not grappling | sizbuwuşmaysızyou all are not grappling | alabuwuşmaydılathey are not grappling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbuwuşamamı? buwuşamıma?am I grappling? | senbuwuşamısa?are you grappling? | olbuwuşamıdı?is he grappling? | bizbuwuşabızmı? buwuşamıbız?are we grappling? | sizbuwuşamısız?are you all grappling? | alabuwuşamıdıla?are they grappling? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbuwuşmaymamı? buwuşmaymıma?aren't I grappling? | senbuwuşmaymısa?aren't you grappling? | olbuwuşmaymıdı?isn't he grappling? | bizbuwuşmaybızmı? buwuşmaymıbız?aren't we grappling? | sizbuwuşmaymısız?aren't you all grappling? | alabuwuşmaymıdıla?aren't they grappling? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbuwuşuwçanmaI usually grapple | senbuwuşuwçansayou usually grapple | olbuwuşuwçandıhe usually grapples | bizbuwuşuwçanbızwe usually grapple | sizbuwuşuwçansızyou all usually grapple | alabuwuşuwçandılathey usually grapple |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbuwuşmawçanmaI usually don't grapple | senbuwuşmawçansayou usually don't grapple | olbuwuşmawçandıhe usually doesn't grapple | bizbuwuşmawçanbızwe usually don't grapple | sizbuwuşmawçansızyou all usually don't grapple | alabuwuşmawçandılathey usually don't grapple |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbuwuşuwçanmamı? buwuşuwçanmıma?do I usually grapple? | senbuwuşuwçanmısa?do you usually grapple? | olbuwuşuwçanmıdı?does he usually grapple? | bizbuwuşuwçanbızmı? buwuşuwçanmıbız?do we usually grapple? | sizbuwuşuwçanmısız?do you all usually grapple? | alabuwuşuwçanmıdıla?do they usually grapple? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbuwuşmawçanmamı? buwuşmawçanmıma?do I usually not grapple? | senbuwuşmawçanmısa?do you usually not grapple? | olbuwuşmawçanmıdı?does he usually not grapple? | bizbuwuşmawçanbızmı? buwuşmawçanmıbız?do we usually not grapple? | sizbuwuşmawçanmısız?do you all usually not grapple? | alabuwuşmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not grapple? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olbuwuşubduhe has grappled and remains so | alabuwuşubdulathey have grappled and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olbuwuşubmudu?has he grappled? | alabuwuşubmudula?have they grappled? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbuwuşub turamaI keep grappling | senbuwuşub turasayou keep grappling | olbuwuşub turadıhe keeps grappling | bizbuwuşub turabızwe keep grappling | sizbuwuşub turasızyou all keep grappling | alabuwuşub turadılathey keep grappling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbuwuşub turmaymaI don't keep grappling | senbuwuşub turmaysayou don't keep grappling | olbuwuşub turmaydıhe doesn't keep grappling | bizbuwuşub turmaybızwe don't keep grappling | sizbuwuşub turmaysızyou all don't keep grappling | alabuwuşub turmaydılathey don't keep grappling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbuwuşub turamamı? buwuşub turamıma?do I keep grappling? | senbuwuşub turamısa?do you keep grappling? | olbuwuşub turamıdı?does he keep grappling? | bizbuwuşub turabızmı? buwuşub turamıbız?do we keep grappling? | sizbuwuşub turamısız?do you all keep grappling? | alabuwuşub turamıdıla?do they keep grappling? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbuwuşub turmaymamı? buwuşub turmaymıma?don't I keep grappling? | senbuwuşub turmaymısa?don't you keep grappling? | olbuwuşub turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep grappling? | bizbuwuşub turmaybızmı? buwuşub turmaymıbız?don't we keep grappling? | sizbuwuşub turmaymısız?don't you all keep grappling? | alabuwuşub turmaymıdıla?don't they keep grappling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbuwuşa turamaI am in the middle of grappling | senbuwuşa turasayou are in the middle of grappling | olbuwuşa turadıhe is in the middle of grappling | bizbuwuşa turabızwe are in the middle of grappling | sizbuwuşa turasızyou all are in the middle of grappling | alabuwuşa turadılathey are in the middle of grappling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbuwuşa turmaymaI am not in the middle of grappling | senbuwuşa turmaysayou are not in the middle of grappling | olbuwuşa turmaydıhe is not in the middle of grappling | bizbuwuşa turmaybızwe are not in the middle of grappling | sizbuwuşa turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of grappling | alabuwuşa turmaydılathey are not in the middle of grappling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbuwuşa turamamı? buwuşa turamıma?am I in the middle of grappling? | senbuwuşa turamısa?are you in the middle of grappling? | olbuwuşa turamıdı?is he in the middle of grappling? | bizbuwuşa turabızmı? buwuşa turamıbız?are we in the middle of grappling? | sizbuwuşa turamısız?are you all in the middle of grappling? | alabuwuşa turamıdıla?are they in the middle of grappling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbuwuşa turmaymamı? buwuşa turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of grappling? | senbuwuşa turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of grappling? | olbuwuşa turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of grappling? | bizbuwuşa turmaybızmı? buwuşa turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of grappling? | sizbuwuşa turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of grappling? | alabuwuşa turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of grappling? |
| Simple past (definite) | menbuwuşdumI grappled | senbuwuşduŋyou grappled | olbuwuşduhe grappled | bizbuwuşduqwe grappled | sizbuwuşduğuzyou all grappled | alabuwuşdulathey grappled |
| Simple past (definite) | menbuwuşmadımI didn't grapple | senbuwuşmadıŋyou didn't grapple | olbuwuşmadıhe didn't grapple | bizbuwuşmadıqwe didn't grapple | sizbuwuşmadığızyou all didn't grapple | alabuwuşmadılathey didn't grapple |
| Simple past (definite) | menbuwuşdummu?did I grapple? | senbuwuşduŋmu?did you grapple? | olbuwuşdumu?did he grapple? | bizbuwuşduqmu?did we grapple? | sizbuwuşduğuzmu?did you all grapple? | alabuwuşdulamı?did they grapple? |
| Simple past (definite) | menbuwuşmadımmı?didn't I grapple? | senbuwuşmadıŋmı?didn't you grapple? | olbuwuşmadımı?didn't he grapple? | bizbuwuşmadıqmı?didn't we grapple? | sizbuwuşmadığızmı?didn't you all grapple? | alabuwuşmadılamı?didn't they grapple? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbuwuşhanmaI have grappled | senbuwuşhansayou have grappled | olbuwuşhandıhe has grappled | bizbuwuşhanbızwe have grappled | sizbuwuşhansızyou all have grappled | alabuwuşhandılathey have grappled |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbuwuşmağanmaI haven't grappled | senbuwuşmağansayou haven't grappled | olbuwuşmağandıhe hasn't grappled | bizbuwuşmağanbızwe haven't grappled | sizbuwuşmağansızyou all haven't grappled | alabuwuşmağandılathey haven't grappled |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbuwuşhanmamı? buwuşhanmıma?have I grappled? | senbuwuşhanmısa?have you grappled? | olbuwuşhanmıdı?has he grappled? | bizbuwuşhanbızmı? buwuşhanmıbız?have we grappled? | sizbuwuşhanmısız?have you all grappled? | alabuwuşhanmıdıla?have they grappled? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbuwuşmağanmamı? buwuşmağanmıma?haven't I grappled? | senbuwuşmağanmısa?haven't you grappled? | olbuwuşmağanmıdı?hasn't he grappled? | bizbuwuşmağanbızmı? buwuşmağanmıbız?haven't we grappled? | sizbuwuşmağanmısız?haven't you all grappled? | alabuwuşmağanmıdıla?haven't they grappled? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menbuwuşub turdumI kept grappling | senbuwuşub turduŋyou kept grappling | olbuwuşub turduhe kept grappling | bizbuwuşub turduqwe kept grappling | sizbuwuşub turduğuzyou all kept grappling | alabuwuşub turdulathey kept grappling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menbuwuşub turmadımI didn't keep grappling | senbuwuşub turmadıŋyou didn't keep grappling | olbuwuşub turmadıhe didn't keep grappling | bizbuwuşub turmadıqwe didn't keep grappling | sizbuwuşub turmadığızyou all didn't keep grappling | alabuwuşub turmadılathey didn't keep grappling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbuwuşurmaI will grapple | senbuwuşursayou will grapple | olbuwuşurhe will grapple | bizbuwuşurbuzwe will grapple | sizbuwuşursuzyou all will grapple | alabuwuşurlathey will grapple |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbuwuşmazmaI won't grapple | senbuwuşmazsayou won't grapple | olbuwuşmazhe won't grapple | bizbuwuşmazbızwe won't grapple | sizbuwuşmazsızyou all won't grapple | alabuwuşmazlathey won't grapple |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbuwuşurmamı? buwuşurmuma?will I grapple? | senbuwuşurmusa?will you grapple? | olbuwuşurmu?will he grapple? | bizbuwuşurbuzmu? buwuşurmubuz?will we grapple? | sizbuwuşurmusuz?will you all grapple? | alabuwuşurlamı? buwuşurmula?will they grapple? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbuwuşmazmamı? buwuşmazmıma?won't I grapple? | senbuwuşmazmısa?won't you grapple? | olbuwuşmazmı?won't he grapple? | bizbuwuşmazbızmı? buwuşmazmıbız?won't we grapple? | sizbuwuşmazmısız?won't you all grapple? | alabuwuşmazlamı? buwuşmazmıla?won't they grapple? |
| Definite future (future II) | menbuwuşuruqmaI am going to grapple | senbuwuşuruqsayou are going to grapple | olbuwuşuruqduhe is going to grapple | bizbuwuşuruqbuzwe are going to grapple | sizbuwuşuruqsuzyou all are going to grapple | alabuwuşuruqdulathey are going to grapple |
| Definite future (future II) | menbuwuşuruq tülmeI am not going to grapple | senbuwuşuruq tülseyou are not going to grapple | olbuwuşuruq tüldühe is not going to grapple | bizbuwuşuruq tülbüzwe are not going to grapple | sizbuwuşuruq tülsüzyou all are not going to grapple | alabuwuşuruq tüldülethey are not going to grapple |
| Definite future (future II) | menbuwuşuruqmamı? buwuşuruqmuma?am I going to grapple? | senbuwuşuruqmusa?are you going to grapple? | olbuwuşuruqmudu?is he going to grapple? | bizbuwuşuruqbuzmu? buwuşuruqmubuz?are we going to grapple? | sizbuwuşuruqmusuz?are you all going to grapple? | alabuwuşuruqmudula?are they going to grapple? |
| Definite future (future II) | menbuwuşuruq tülmüme?aren't I going to grapple? | senbuwuşuruq tülmüse?aren't you going to grapple? | olbuwuşuruq tülmüdü?isn't he going to grapple? | bizbuwuşuruq tülmübüz?aren't we going to grapple? | sizbuwuşuruq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to grapple? | alabuwuşuruq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to grapple? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menbuwuşhan edimbuwuşhanemI had grappled | senbuwuşhan ediŋbuwuşhaneŋyou had grappled | olbuwuşhan edibuwuşhanedhe had grappled | bizbuwuşhan edikbuwuşhanekwe had grappled | sizbuwuşhan edigizbuwuşhanegizyou all had grappled | alabuwuşhan edilebuwuşhanellethey had grappled |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menbuwuşmağan edimbuwuşmağanemI hadn't grappled | senbuwuşmağan ediŋbuwuşmağaneŋyou hadn't grappled | olbuwuşmağan edibuwuşmağanedhe hadn't grappled | bizbuwuşmağan edikbuwuşmağanekwe hadn't grappled | sizbuwuşmağan edigizbuwuşmağanegizyou all hadn't grappled | alabuwuşmağan edilebuwuşmağanellethey hadn't grappled |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menbuwuşa edimbuwuşaemI was grappling | senbuwuşa ediŋbuwuşaeŋyou were grappling | olbuwuşa edibuwuşaedhe was grappling | bizbuwuşa edikbuwuşaekwe were grappling | sizbuwuşa edigizbuwuşaegizyou all were grappling | alabuwuşa edilebuwuşaellethey were grappling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menbuwuşmay edimbuwuşmayemI wasn't grappling | senbuwuşmay ediŋbuwuşmayeŋyou weren't grappling | olbuwuşmay edibuwuşmayedhe wasn't grappling | bizbuwuşmay edikbuwuşmayekwe weren't grappling | sizbuwuşmay edigizbuwuşmayegizyou all weren't grappling | alabuwuşmay edilebuwuşmayellethey weren't grappling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menbuwuşuwçan edimbuwuşuwçanemI used to grapple | senbuwuşuwçan ediŋbuwuşuwçaneŋyou used to grapple | olbuwuşuwçan edibuwuşuwçanedhe used to grapple | bizbuwuşuwçan edikbuwuşuwçanekwe used to grapple | sizbuwuşuwçan edigizbuwuşuwçanegizyou all used to grapple | alabuwuşuwçan edilebuwuşuwçanellethey used to grapple |
| Habitual past (used to) | menbuwuşmawçan edimbuwuşmawçanemI didn't use to grapple | senbuwuşmawçan ediŋbuwuşmawçaneŋyou didn't use to grapple | olbuwuşmawçan edibuwuşmawçanedhe didn't use to grapple | bizbuwuşmawçan edikbuwuşmawçanekwe didn't use to grapple | sizbuwuşmawçan edigizbuwuşmawçanegizyou all didn't use to grapple | alabuwuşmawçan edilebuwuşmawçanellethey didn't use to grapple |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olbuwuşub edihe had grappled and remained so | alabuwuşub edilethey had grappled and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olbuwuşub tül edihe hadn't grappled | alabuwuşub tül edilethey hadn't grappled | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menbuwuşub tura edimbuwuşub turaemI had kept grappling | senbuwuşub tura ediŋbuwuşub turaeŋyou had kept grappling | olbuwuşub tura edibuwuşub turaedhe had kept grappling | bizbuwuşub tura edikbuwuşub turaekwe had kept grappling | sizbuwuşub tura edigizbuwuşub turaegizyou all had kept grappling | alabuwuşub tura edilebuwuşub turaellethey had kept grappling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menbuwuşub turmay edimbuwuşub turmayemI hadn't kept grappling | senbuwuşub turmay ediŋbuwuşub turmayeŋyou hadn't kept grappling | olbuwuşub turmay edibuwuşub turmayedhe hadn't kept grappling | bizbuwuşub turmay edikbuwuşub turmayekwe hadn't kept grappling | sizbuwuşub turmay edigizbuwuşub turmayegizyou all hadn't kept grappling | alabuwuşub turmay edilebuwuşub turmayellethey hadn't kept grappling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menbuwuşa tura edimbuwuşa turaemI was in the middle of grappling | senbuwuşa tura ediŋbuwuşa turaeŋyou were in the middle of grappling | olbuwuşa tura edibuwuşa turaedhe was in the middle of grappling | bizbuwuşa tura edikbuwuşa turaekwe were in the middle of grappling | sizbuwuşa tura edigizbuwuşa turaegizyou all were in the middle of grappling | alabuwuşa tura edilebuwuşa turaellethey were in the middle of grappling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menbuwuşa turmay edimbuwuşa turmayemI wasn't in the middle of grappling | senbuwuşa turmay ediŋbuwuşa turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of grappling | olbuwuşa turmay edibuwuşa turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of grappling | bizbuwuşa turmay edikbuwuşa turmayekwe weren't in the middle of grappling | sizbuwuşa turmay edigizbuwuşa turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of grappling | alabuwuşa turmay edilebuwuşa turmayellethey weren't in the middle of grappling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menbuwuşur edimbuwuşur emI would grapple | senbuwuşur ediŋbuwuşur eŋyou would grapple | olbuwuşur edibuwuşur edhe would grapple | bizbuwuşur edikbuwuşur ekwe would grapple | sizbuwuşur edigizbuwuşur egizyou all would grapple | alabuwuşur edilebuwuşur ellethey would grapple |
| Conditional result (would) | menbuwuşmaz edimbuwuşmaz emI wouldn't grapple | senbuwuşmaz ediŋbuwuşmaz eŋyou wouldn't grapple | olbuwuşmaz edibuwuşmaz edhe wouldn't grapple | bizbuwuşmaz edikbuwuşmaz ekwe wouldn't grapple | sizbuwuşmaz edigizbuwuşmaz egizyou all wouldn't grapple | alabuwuşmaz edilebuwuşmaz ellethey wouldn't grapple |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menbuwuşuruq edimbuwuşuruq emI would have grappled | senbuwuşuruq ediŋbuwuşuruq eŋyou would have grappled | olbuwuşuruq edibuwuşuruq edhe would have grappled | bizbuwuşuruq edikbuwuşuruq ekwe would have grappled | sizbuwuşuruq edigizbuwuşuruq egizyou all would have grappled | alabuwuşuruq edilebuwuşuruq ellethey would have grappled |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menbuwuşuruq tül edimbuwuşuruq tül emI wouldn't have grappled | senbuwuşuruq tül ediŋbuwuşuruq tül eŋyou wouldn't have grappled | olbuwuşuruq tül edibuwuşuruq tül edhe wouldn't have grappled | bizbuwuşuruq tül edikbuwuşuruq tül ekwe wouldn't have grappled | sizbuwuşuruq tül edigizbuwuşuruq tül egizyou all wouldn't have grappled | alabuwuşuruq tül edilebuwuşuruq tül ellethey wouldn't have grappled |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menbuwuşsamif I grapple | senbuwuşsaŋif you grapple | olbuwuşsaif he grapples | bizbuwuşsaqif we grapple | sizbuwuşsağızif you all grapple | alabuwuşsalaif they grapple |
| Conditional | menbuwuşmasamif I don't grapple | senbuwuşmasaŋif you don't grapple | olbuwuşmasaif he doesn't grapple | bizbuwuşmasaqif we don't grapple | sizbuwuşmasağızif you all don't grapple | alabuwuşmasalaif they don't grapple |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menbuwuşa esemif I am grappling | senbuwuşa eseŋif you are grappling | olbuwuşa eseif he is grappling | bizbuwuşa esekif we are grappling | sizbuwuşa esegizif you all are grappling | alabuwuşa eseleif they are grappling |
| Conditional, present real | menbuwuşmay esemif I am not grappling | senbuwuşmay eseŋif you are not grappling | olbuwuşmay eseif he is not grappling | bizbuwuşmay esekif we are not grappling | sizbuwuşmay esegizif you all are not grappling | alabuwuşmay eseleif they are not grappling |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menbuwuşsam edibuwuşsam edif only I grappled | senbuwuşsaŋ edibuwuşsaŋ edif only you grappled | olbuwuşsa edibuwuşsaedif only he grappled | bizbuwuşsaq edibuwuşsaq edif only we grappled | sizbuwuşsağız edibuwuşsağız edif only you all grappled | alabuwuşsala edibuwuşsalaedif only they grappled |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menbuwuşmasam edibuwuşmasam edif only I didn't grapple | senbuwuşmasaŋ edibuwuşmasaŋ edif only you didn't grapple | olbuwuşmasa edibuwuşmasaedif only he didn't grapple | bizbuwuşmasaq edibuwuşmasaq edif only we didn't grapple | sizbuwuşmasağız edibuwuşmasağız edif only you all didn't grapple | alabuwuşmasala edibuwuşmasalaedif only they didn't grapple |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menbuwuşub tursamif I carry on grappling | senbuwuşub tursaŋif you carry on grappling | olbuwuşub tursaif he carries on grappling | bizbuwuşub tursaqif we carry on grappling | sizbuwuşub tursağızif you all carry on grappling | alabuwuşub tursalaif they carry on grappling |
| Durative conditional | menbuwuşub turmasamif I don't carry on grappling | senbuwuşub turmasaŋif you don't carry on grappling | olbuwuşub turmasaif he doesn't carry on grappling | bizbuwuşub turmasaqif we don't carry on grappling | sizbuwuşub turmasağızif you all don't carry on grappling | alabuwuşub turmasalaif they don't carry on grappling |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menbuwuşub tura esemif I have kept grappling | senbuwuşub tura eseŋif you have kept grappling | olbuwuşub tura eseif he has kept grappling | bizbuwuşub tura esekif we have kept grappling | sizbuwuşub tura esegizif you all have kept grappling | alabuwuşub tura eseleif they have kept grappling |
| Durative conditional, present real | menbuwuşub turmay esemif I haven't kept grappling | senbuwuşub turmay eseŋif you haven't kept grappling | olbuwuşub turmay eseif he hasn't kept grappling | bizbuwuşub turmay esekif we haven't kept grappling | sizbuwuşub turmay esegizif you all haven't kept grappling | alabuwuşub turmay eseleif they haven't kept grappling |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menbuwuşa tursamif I keep grappling | senbuwuşa tursaŋif you keep grappling | olbuwuşa tursaif he keeps grappling | bizbuwuşa tursaqif we keep grappling | sizbuwuşa tursağızif you all keep grappling | alabuwuşa tursalaif they keep grappling |
| Progressive conditional | menbuwuşmay tursamif I keep on not grappling | senbuwuşmay tursaŋif you keep on not grappling | olbuwuşmay tursaif he keeps on not grappling | bizbuwuşmay tursaqif we keep on not grappling | sizbuwuşmay tursağızif you all keep on not grappling | alabuwuşmay tursalaif they keep on not grappling |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menbuwuşa tura esemif I am in the middle of grappling | senbuwuşa tura eseŋif you are in the middle of grappling | olbuwuşa tura eseif he is in the middle of grappling | bizbuwuşa tura esekif we are in the middle of grappling | sizbuwuşa tura esegizif you all are in the middle of grappling | alabuwuşa tura eseleif they are in the middle of grappling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menbuwuşmay tura esemif I keep on not grappling | senbuwuşmay tura eseŋif you keep on not grappling | olbuwuşmay tura eseif he keeps on not grappling | bizbuwuşmay tura esekif we keep on not grappling | sizbuwuşmay tura esegizif you all keep on not grappling | alabuwuşmay tura eseleif they keep on not grappling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menbuwuşdum esemif I grappled | senbuwuşduŋ eseŋif you grappled | olbuwuşdu eseif he grappled | bizbuwuşduq esekif we grappled | sizbuwuşduğuz esegizif you all grappled | alabuwuşdula eseleif they grappled |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menbuwuşmadım esemif I didn't grapple | senbuwuşmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't grapple | olbuwuşmadı eseif he didn't grapple | bizbuwuşmadıq esekif we didn't grapple | sizbuwuşmadığız esegizif you all didn't grapple | alabuwuşmadıla eseleif they didn't grapple |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menbuwuşhan esemif I did grapple (indeed) | senbuwuşhan eseŋif you did grapple (indeed) | olbuwuşhan eseif he did grapple (indeed) | bizbuwuşhan esekif we did grapple (indeed) | sizbuwuşhan esegizif you all did grapple (indeed) | alabuwuşhan eseleif they did grapple (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menbuwuşmağan esemif I didn't grapple (indeed) | senbuwuşmağan eseŋif you didn't grapple (indeed) | olbuwuşmağan eseif he didn't grapple (indeed) | bizbuwuşmağan esekif we didn't grapple (indeed) | sizbuwuşmağan esegizif you all didn't grapple (indeed) | alabuwuşmağan eseleif they didn't grapple (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menbuwuşhan bolsamif I had grappled | senbuwuşhan bolsaŋif you had grappled | olbuwuşhan bolsaif he had grappled | bizbuwuşhan bolsaqif we had grappled | sizbuwuşhan bolsağızif you all had grappled | alabuwuşhan bolsalaif they had grappled |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menbuwuşmağan bolsamif I hadn't grappled | senbuwuşmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't grappled | olbuwuşmağan bolsaif he hadn't grappled | bizbuwuşmağan bolsaqif we hadn't grappled | sizbuwuşmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't grappled | alabuwuşmağan bolsalaif they hadn't grappled |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menbuwuşhan bolsam edibuwuşhan bolsam edif only I had grappled | senbuwuşhan bolsaŋ edibuwuşhan bolsaŋ edif only you had grappled | olbuwuşhan bolsa edibuwuşhan bolsaedif only he had grappled | bizbuwuşhan bolsaq edibuwuşhan bolsaq edif only we had grappled | sizbuwuşhan bolsağız edibuwuşhan bolsağız edif only you all had grappled | alabuwuşhan bolsala edibuwuşhan bolsalaedif only they had grappled |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menbuwuşmağan bolsam edibuwuşmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't grappled | senbuwuşmağan bolsaŋ edibuwuşmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't grappled | olbuwuşmağan bolsa edibuwuşmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't grappled | bizbuwuşmağan bolsaq edibuwuşmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't grappled | sizbuwuşmağan bolsağız edibuwuşmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't grappled | alabuwuşmağan bolsala edibuwuşmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't grappled |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menbuwuşur esemif I will grapple | senbuwuşur eseŋif you will grapple | olbuwuşur eseif he will grapple | bizbuwuşur esekif we will grapple | sizbuwuşur esegizif you all will grapple | alabuwuşur eseleif they will grapple |
| Conditional, aorist | menbuwuşmaz esemif I won't grapple | senbuwuşmaz eseŋif you won't grapple | olbuwuşmaz eseif he won't grapple | bizbuwuşmaz esekif we won't grapple | sizbuwuşmaz esegizif you all won't grapple | alabuwuşmaz eseleif they won't grapple |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menbuwuşuruq esemif I am going to grapple | senbuwuşuruq eseŋif you are going to grapple | olbuwuşuruq eseif he is going to grapple | bizbuwuşuruq esekif we are going to grapple | sizbuwuşuruq esegizif you all are going to grapple | alabuwuşuruq eseleif they are going to grapple |
| Conditional, future | menbuwuşuruq tül esemif I am not going to grapple | senbuwuşuruq tül eseŋif you are not going to grapple | olbuwuşuruq tül eseif he is not going to grapple | bizbuwuşuruq tül esekif we are not going to grapple | sizbuwuşuruq tül esegizif you all are not going to grapple | alabuwuşuruq tül eseleif they are not going to grapple |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menbuwuşuruq bolsamif I were going to grapple | senbuwuşuruq bolsaŋif you were going to grapple | olbuwuşuruq bolsaif he were going to grapple | bizbuwuşuruq bolsaqif we were going to grapple | sizbuwuşuruq bolsağızif you all were going to grapple | alabuwuşuruq bolsalaif they were going to grapple |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menbuwuşmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to grapple | senbuwuşmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to grapple | olbuwuşmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to grapple | bizbuwuşmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to grapple | sizbuwuşmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to grapple | alabuwuşmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to grapple |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso buwuşduŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menbuwuşa bolurmaI must be grappling | senbuwuşa bolursayou must be grappling | olbuwuşa bolurhe must be grappling | bizbuwuşa bolurbuzwe must be grappling | sizbuwuşa bolursuzyou all must be grappling | alabuwuşa bolurlathey must be grappling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menbuwuşmay bolurmaI must not be grappling | senbuwuşmay bolursayou must not be grappling | olbuwuşmay bolurhe must not be grappling | bizbuwuşmay bolurbuzwe must not be grappling | sizbuwuşmay bolursuzyou all must not be grappling | alabuwuşmay bolurlathey must not be grappling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menbuwuşa tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of grappling | senbuwuşa tura bolursayou must be in the middle of grappling | olbuwuşa tura bolurhe must be in the middle of grappling | bizbuwuşa tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of grappling | sizbuwuşa tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of grappling | alabuwuşa tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of grappling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menbuwuşmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not grappling | senbuwuşmay tura bolursayou must keep on not grappling | olbuwuşmay tura bolurhe must keep on not grappling | bizbuwuşmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not grappling | sizbuwuşmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not grappling | alabuwuşmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not grappling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menbuwuşhan bolurmaI must have grappled | senbuwuşhan bolursayou must have grappled | olbuwuşhan bolurhe must have grappled | bizbuwuşhan bolurbuzwe must have grappled | sizbuwuşhan bolursuzyou all must have grappled | alabuwuşhan bolurlathey must have grappled |
| Inference (must have) | menbuwuşmağan bolurmaI must not have grappled | senbuwuşmağan bolursayou must not have grappled | olbuwuşmağan bolurhe must not have grappled | bizbuwuşmağan bolurbuzwe must not have grappled | sizbuwuşmağan bolursuzyou all must not have grappled | alabuwuşmağan bolurlathey must not have grappled |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menbuwuşuruq bolurmaI must be going to grapple | senbuwuşuruq bolursayou must be going to grapple | olbuwuşuruq bolurhe must be going to grapple | bizbuwuşuruq bolurbuzwe must be going to grapple | sizbuwuşuruq bolursuzyou all must be going to grapple | alabuwuşuruq bolurlathey must be going to grapple |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menbuwuşmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to grapple | senbuwuşmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to grapple | olbuwuşmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to grapple | bizbuwuşmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to grapple | sizbuwuşmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to grapple | alabuwuşmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to grapple |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menbuwuşayımlet me grapple | senbuwuş!grapple! | olbuwuşsunlet him grapple | bizbuwuşayıqlet's grapple | sizbuwuşuğuz!grapple, you all! | alabuwuşsunlalet them grapple |
| Commands & suggestions | menbuwuşmayımlet me not grapple | senbuwuşma!don't grapple! | olbuwuşmasınlet him not grapple | bizbuwuşmayıqlet's not grapple | sizbuwuşmağız!don't grapple, you all! | alabuwuşmasınlalet them not grapple |
| Commands & suggestions | menbuwuşayımmı?shall I grapple? | olbuwuşsunmu?should he grapple? | bizbuwuşayıqmı?shall we grapple? | alabuwuşsunlamı?should they grapple? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menbuwuşmayımmı?shall I not grapple? | olbuwuşmasınmı?should he not grapple? | bizbuwuşmayıqmı?shall we not grapple? | alabuwuşmasınlamı?should they not grapple? | ||
| Requests | senbuwuşçu2buwuşçunplease grapple | olbuwuşsunçudo let him grapple | sizbuwuşçuğuzplease grapple (plural/polite) | alabuwuşsunlaçıdo let them grapple | ||
| Requests | senbuwuşmaçı2buwuşmaçınplease don't grapple | olbuwuşmasınçıdo let him not grapple | sizbuwuşmaçığızplease don't grapple (plural/polite) | alabuwuşmasınlaçıdo let them not grapple | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senbuwuşhunbuwuşhumay you grapple | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senbuwuşmağınbuwuşmağımay you not grapple | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menbuwuşhay edim buwuşha edimwould that I grappled | senbuwuşhay ediŋ buwuşha ediŋwould that you grappled | olbuwuşhay edi buwuşha ediwould that he grappled | bizbuwuşhay edik buwuşha edikwould that we grappled | sizbuwuşhay edigiz buwuşha edigizwould that you all grappled | alabuwuşhay edile buwuşha edilewould that they grappled |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menbuwuşmağay edim buwuşmağa edimwould that I did not grapple | senbuwuşmağay ediŋ buwuşmağa ediŋwould that you did not grapple | olbuwuşmağay edi buwuşmağa ediwould that he did not grapple | bizbuwuşmağay edik buwuşmağa edikwould that we did not grapple | sizbuwuşmağay edigiz buwuşmağa edigizwould that you all did not grapple | alabuwuşmağay edile buwuşmağa edilewould that they did not grapple |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menbuwuşmağa qoyayımbuwuşma qoyayımlet me allow someone to grapple | senbuwuşmağa qoy!buwuşma qoy!let someone grapple! | olbuwuşmağa qoysunbuwuşma qoysunlet him allow someone to grapple | bizbuwuşmağa qoyayıqbuwuşma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to grapple | sizbuwuşmağa qoyuğuz!buwuşma qoyuğuz!let someone grapple, you all! | alabuwuşmağa qoysunlabuwuşma qoysunlalet them allow someone to grapple |
| Let someone… (commands) | menbuwuşmağa qoymayımbuwuşma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to grapple | senbuwuşmağa qoyma!buwuşma qoyma!don't let someone grapple! | olbuwuşmağa qoymasınbuwuşma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to grapple | bizbuwuşmağa qoymayıqbuwuşma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to grapple | sizbuwuşmağa qoymağız!buwuşma qoymağız!don't let someone grapple, you all! | alabuwuşmağa qoymasınlabuwuşma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to grapple |
| Let someone… (commands) | menbuwuşmağa qoyayımmı?buwuşma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to grapple? | olbuwuşmağa qoysunmu?buwuşma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to grapple? | bizbuwuşmağa qoyayıqmı?buwuşma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to grapple? | alabuwuşmağa qoysunlamı?buwuşma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to grapple? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menbuwuşmağa qoymayımmı?buwuşma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to grapple? | olbuwuşmağa qoymasınmı?buwuşma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to grapple? | bizbuwuşmağa qoymayıqmı?buwuşma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to grapple? | alabuwuşmağa qoymasınlamı?buwuşma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to grapple? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menbuwuşmağa qoyamabuwuşma qoyamaI allow someone to grapple | senbuwuşmağa qoyasabuwuşma qoyasayou allow someone to grapple | olbuwuşmağa qoyadıbuwuşma qoyadıhe allows someone to grapple | bizbuwuşmağa qoyabızbuwuşma qoyabızwe allow someone to grapple | sizbuwuşmağa qoyasızbuwuşma qoyasızyou all allow someone to grapple | alabuwuşmağa qoyadılabuwuşma qoyadılathey allow someone to grapple |
| Let someone… (present) | menbuwuşmağa qoymaymabuwuşma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to grapple | senbuwuşmağa qoymaysabuwuşma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to grapple | olbuwuşmağa qoymaydıbuwuşma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to grapple | bizbuwuşmağa qoymaybızbuwuşma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to grapple | sizbuwuşmağa qoymaysızbuwuşma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to grapple | alabuwuşmağa qoymaydılabuwuşma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to grapple |
| Let someone… (present) | menbuwuşmağa qoyamamı?buwuşma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to grapple? | senbuwuşmağa qoyamısa?buwuşma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to grapple? | olbuwuşmağa qoyamıdı?buwuşma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to grapple? | bizbuwuşmağa qoyabızmı?buwuşma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to grapple? | sizbuwuşmağa qoyamısız?buwuşma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to grapple? | alabuwuşmağa qoyamıdıla?buwuşma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to grapple? |
| Let someone… (present) | menbuwuşmağa qoymaymamı?buwuşma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to grapple? | senbuwuşmağa qoymaymısa?buwuşma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to grapple? | olbuwuşmağa qoymaymıdı?buwuşma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to grapple? | bizbuwuşmağa qoymaybızmı?buwuşma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to grapple? | sizbuwuşmağa qoymaymısız?buwuşma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to grapple? | alabuwuşmağa qoymaymıdıla?buwuşma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to grapple? |
| Let someone… (past) | menbuwuşmağa qoydumbuwuşma qoydumI allowed someone to grapple | senbuwuşmağa qoyduŋbuwuşma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to grapple | olbuwuşmağa qoydubuwuşma qoyduhe allowed someone to grapple | bizbuwuşmağa qoyduqbuwuşma qoyduqwe allowed someone to grapple | sizbuwuşmağa qoyduğuzbuwuşma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to grapple | alabuwuşmağa qoydulabuwuşma qoydulathey allowed someone to grapple |
| Let someone… (past) | menbuwuşmağa qoymadımbuwuşma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to grapple | senbuwuşmağa qoymadıŋbuwuşma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to grapple | olbuwuşmağa qoymadıbuwuşma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to grapple | bizbuwuşmağa qoymadıqbuwuşma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to grapple | sizbuwuşmağa qoymadığızbuwuşma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to grapple | alabuwuşmağa qoymadılabuwuşma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to grapple |
| Let someone… (past) | menbuwuşmağa qoydummu?buwuşma qoydummu?did I allow someone to grapple? | senbuwuşmağa qoyduŋmu?buwuşma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to grapple? | olbuwuşmağa qoydumu?buwuşma qoydumu?did he allow someone to grapple? | bizbuwuşmağa qoyduqmu?buwuşma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to grapple? | sizbuwuşmağa qoyduğuzmu?buwuşma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to grapple? | alabuwuşmağa qoydulamı?buwuşma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to grapple? |
| Let someone… (past) | menbuwuşmağa qoymadımmı?buwuşma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to grapple? | senbuwuşmağa qoymadıŋmı?buwuşma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to grapple? | olbuwuşmağa qoymadımı?buwuşma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to grapple? | bizbuwuşmağa qoymadıqmı?buwuşma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to grapple? | sizbuwuşmağa qoymadığızmı?buwuşma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to grapple? | alabuwuşmağa qoymadılamı?buwuşma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to grapple? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menbuwuşalamaI can grapple | senbuwuşalasayou can grapple | olbuwuşaladıhe can grapple | bizbuwuşalabızwe can grapple | sizbuwuşalasızyou all can grapple | alabuwuşaladılathey can grapple |
| Ability — present | menbuwuşalmaymaI can't grapple | senbuwuşalmaysayou can't grapple | olbuwuşalmaydıhe can't grapple | bizbuwuşalmaybızwe can't grapple | sizbuwuşalmaysızyou all can't grapple | alabuwuşalmaydılathey can't grapple |
| Ability — present | menbuwuşalamamı? buwuşalamıma?can I grapple? | senbuwuşalamısa?can you grapple? | olbuwuşalamıdı?can he grapple? | bizbuwuşalabızmı? buwuşalamıbız?can we grapple? | sizbuwuşalamısız?can you all grapple? | alabuwuşalamıdıla?can they grapple? |
| Ability — present | menbuwuşalmaymamı? buwuşalmaymıma?can't I grapple? | senbuwuşalmaymısa?can't you grapple? | olbuwuşalmaymıdı?can't he grapple? | bizbuwuşalmaybızmı? buwuşalmaymıbız?can't we grapple? | sizbuwuşalmaymısız?can't you all grapple? | alabuwuşalmaymıdıla?can't they grapple? |
| Ability — if I can… | menbuwuşalsamif I can grapple | senbuwuşalsaŋif you can grapple | olbuwuşalsaif he can grapple | bizbuwuşalsaqif we can grapple | sizbuwuşalsağızif you all can grapple | alabuwuşalsalaif they can grapple |
| Ability — if I can… | menbuwuşalmasamif I can't grapple | senbuwuşalmasaŋif you can't grapple | olbuwuşalmasaif he can't grapple | bizbuwuşalmasaqif we can't grapple | sizbuwuşalmasağızif you all can't grapple | alabuwuşalmasalaif they can't grapple |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menbuwuşaldımI was able to grapple | senbuwuşaldıŋyou were able to grapple | olbuwuşaldıhe was able to grapple | bizbuwuşaldıqwe were able to grapple | sizbuwuşaldığızyou all were able to grapple | alabuwuşaldılathey were able to grapple |
| Ability — simple past | menbuwuşalmadımI could not grapple | senbuwuşalmadıŋyou could not grapple | olbuwuşalmadıhe could not grapple | bizbuwuşalmadıqwe could not grapple | sizbuwuşalmadığızyou all could not grapple | alabuwuşalmadılathey could not grapple |
| Ability — simple past | menbuwuşaldımmı?was I able to grapple? | senbuwuşaldıŋmı?were you able to grapple? | olbuwuşaldımı?was he able to grapple? | bizbuwuşaldıqmı?were we able to grapple? | sizbuwuşaldığızmı?were you all able to grapple? | alabuwuşaldılamı?were they able to grapple? |
| Ability — simple past | menbuwuşalmadımmı?couldn't I grapple? | senbuwuşalmadıŋmı?couldn't you grapple? | olbuwuşalmadımı?couldn't he grapple? | bizbuwuşalmadıqmı?couldn't we grapple? | sizbuwuşalmadığızmı?couldn't you all grapple? | alabuwuşalmadılamı?couldn't they grapple? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbuwuşalğanmaI have been able to grapple | senbuwuşalğansayou have been able to grapple | olbuwuşalğandıhe has been able to grapple | bizbuwuşalğanbızwe have been able to grapple | sizbuwuşalğansızyou all have been able to grapple | alabuwuşalğandılathey have been able to grapple |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbuwuşalmağanmaI haven't been able to grapple | senbuwuşalmağansayou haven't been able to grapple | olbuwuşalmağandıhe hasn't been able to grapple | bizbuwuşalmağanbızwe haven't been able to grapple | sizbuwuşalmağansızyou all haven't been able to grapple | alabuwuşalmağandılathey haven't been able to grapple |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbuwuşalğanmamı? buwuşalğanmıma?have I been able to grapple? | senbuwuşalğanmısa?have you been able to grapple? | olbuwuşalğanmıdı?has he been able to grapple? | bizbuwuşalğanbızmı? buwuşalğanmıbız?have we been able to grapple? | sizbuwuşalğanmısız?have you all been able to grapple? | alabuwuşalğanmıdıla?have they been able to grapple? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbuwuşalmağanmamı? buwuşalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to grapple? | senbuwuşalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to grapple? | olbuwuşalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to grapple? | bizbuwuşalmağanbızmı? buwuşalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to grapple? | sizbuwuşalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to grapple? | alabuwuşalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to grapple? |
| Ability — past perfect | menbuwuşalğan edimbuwuşalğanemI had been able to grapple | senbuwuşalğan ediŋbuwuşalğaneŋyou had been able to grapple | olbuwuşalğan edibuwuşalğanedhe had been able to grapple | bizbuwuşalğan edikbuwuşalğanekwe had been able to grapple | sizbuwuşalğan edigizbuwuşalğanegizyou all had been able to grapple | alabuwuşalğan edilebuwuşalğanellethey had been able to grapple |
| Ability — past perfect | menbuwuşalmağan edimbuwuşalmağanemI hadn't been able to grapple | senbuwuşalmağan ediŋbuwuşalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to grapple | olbuwuşalmağan edibuwuşalmağanedhe hadn't been able to grapple | bizbuwuşalmağan edikbuwuşalmağanekwe hadn't been able to grapple | sizbuwuşalmağan edigizbuwuşalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to grapple | alabuwuşalmağan edilebuwuşalmağanellethey hadn't been able to grapple |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menbuwuşala edimbuwuşalaemI could grapple | senbuwuşala ediŋbuwuşalaeŋyou could grapple | olbuwuşala edibuwuşalaedhe could grapple | bizbuwuşala edikbuwuşalaekwe could grapple | sizbuwuşala edigizbuwuşalaegizyou all could grapple | alabuwuşala edilebuwuşalaellethey could grapple |
| Ability — past background | menbuwuşalmay edimbuwuşalmayemI could not grapple | senbuwuşalmay ediŋbuwuşalmayeŋyou could not grapple | olbuwuşalmay edibuwuşalmayedhe could not grapple | bizbuwuşalmay edikbuwuşalmayekwe could not grapple | sizbuwuşalmay edigizbuwuşalmayegizyou all could not grapple | alabuwuşalmay edilebuwuşalmayellethey could not grapple |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menbuwuşalırmaI will be able to grapple | senbuwuşalırsayou will be able to grapple | olbuwuşalırhe will be able to grapple | bizbuwuşalırbızwe will be able to grapple | sizbuwuşalırsızyou all will be able to grapple | alabuwuşalırlathey will be able to grapple |
| Ability — future I | menbuwuşalmazmaI won't be able to grapple | senbuwuşalmazsayou won't be able to grapple | olbuwuşalmazhe won't be able to grapple | bizbuwuşalmazbızwe won't be able to grapple | sizbuwuşalmazsızyou all won't be able to grapple | alabuwuşalmazlathey won't be able to grapple |
| Ability — future I | menbuwuşalırmamı? buwuşalırmıma?will I be able to grapple? | senbuwuşalırmısa?will you be able to grapple? | olbuwuşalırmı?will he be able to grapple? | bizbuwuşalırbızmı? buwuşalırmıbız?will we be able to grapple? | sizbuwuşalırmısız?will you all be able to grapple? | alabuwuşalırlamı? buwuşalırmıla?will they be able to grapple? |
| Ability — future I | menbuwuşalmazmamı? buwuşalmazmıma?won't I be able to grapple? | senbuwuşalmazmısa?won't you be able to grapple? | olbuwuşalmazmı?won't he be able to grapple? | bizbuwuşalmazbızmı? buwuşalmazmıbız?won't we be able to grapple? | sizbuwuşalmazmısız?won't you all be able to grapple? | alabuwuşalmazlamı? buwuşalmazmıla?won't they be able to grapple? |
| Ability — future II | menbuwuşallıqmaI am going to be able to grapple | senbuwuşallıqsayou are going to be able to grapple | olbuwuşallıqdıhe is going to be able to grapple | bizbuwuşallıqbızwe are going to be able to grapple | sizbuwuşallıqsızyou all are going to be able to grapple | alabuwuşallıqdılathey are going to be able to grapple |
| Ability — future II | menbuwuşallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to grapple | senbuwuşallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to grapple | olbuwuşallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to grapple | bizbuwuşallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to grapple | sizbuwuşallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to grapple | alabuwuşallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to grapple |
| Ability — future II | menbuwuşallıqmamı? buwuşallıqmıma?am I going to be able to grapple? | senbuwuşallıqmısa?are you going to be able to grapple? | olbuwuşallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to grapple? | bizbuwuşallıqbızmı? buwuşallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to grapple? | sizbuwuşallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to grapple? | alabuwuşallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to grapple? |
| Ability — future II | menbuwuşallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to grapple? | senbuwuşallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to grapple? | olbuwuşallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to grapple? | bizbuwuşallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to grapple? | sizbuwuşallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to grapple? | alabuwuşallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to grapple? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menbuwuşalır edimbuwuşalır emI would be able to grapple | senbuwuşalır ediŋbuwuşalır eŋyou would be able to grapple | olbuwuşalır edibuwuşalır edhe would be able to grapple | bizbuwuşalır edikbuwuşalır ekwe would be able to grapple | sizbuwuşalır edigizbuwuşalır egizyou all would be able to grapple | alabuwuşalır edilebuwuşalır ellethey would be able to grapple |
| Ability — would be able to… | menbuwuşalmaz edimbuwuşalmaz emI wouldn't be able to grapple | senbuwuşalmaz ediŋbuwuşalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to grapple | olbuwuşalmaz edibuwuşalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to grapple | bizbuwuşalmaz edikbuwuşalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to grapple | sizbuwuşalmaz edigizbuwuşalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to grapple | alabuwuşalmaz edilebuwuşalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to grapple |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senbuwuşalğınbuwuşalğımay you be able to grapple | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senbuwuşalmağınbuwuşalmağımay you not be able to grapple | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menbuwuşurğa izleymeI want to grapple | senbuwuşurğa izleyseyou want to grapple | olbuwuşurğa izleydihe wants to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa izleybizwe want to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa izleysizyou all want to grapple | alabuwuşurğa izleydilethey want to grapple |
| want to | menbuwuşurğa izlemeymeI do not want to grapple | senbuwuşurğa izlemeyseyou do not want to grapple | olbuwuşurğa izlemeydihe does not want to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa izlemeybizwe do not want to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to grapple | alabuwuşurğa izlemeydilethey do not want to grapple |
| would like to | menbuwuşurğa süemeI would like to grapple | senbuwuşurğa süeseyou would like to grapple | olbuwuşurğa süedihe would like to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa süebizwe would like to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa süesizyou all would like to grapple | alabuwuşurğa süedilethey would like to grapple |
| would like to | menbuwuşurğa süymeymeI would not like to grapple | senbuwuşurğa süymeyseyou would not like to grapple | olbuwuşurğa süymeydihe would not like to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa süymeybizwe would not like to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa süymeysizyou all would not like to grapple | alabuwuşurğa süymeydilethey would not like to grapple |
| hope to | menbuwuşurğa umutlanamaI hope to grapple | senbuwuşurğa umutlanasayou hope to grapple | olbuwuşurğa umutlanadıhe hopes to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa umutlanabızwe hope to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa umutlanasızyou all hope to grapple | alabuwuşurğa umutlanadılathey hope to grapple |
| hope to | menbuwuşurğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to grapple | senbuwuşurğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to grapple | olbuwuşurğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to grapple | alabuwuşurğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to grapple |
| be about to | menbuwuşurğa deb turamaI am about to grapple | senbuwuşurğa deb turasayou are about to grapple | olbuwuşurğa deb turadıhe is about to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa deb turabızwe are about to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa deb turasızyou all are about to grapple | alabuwuşurğa deb turadılathey are about to grapple |
| be about to | menbuwuşurğa deb turmaymaI am not about to grapple | senbuwuşurğa deb turmaysayou are not about to grapple | olbuwuşurğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to grapple | alabuwuşurğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to grapple |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menbuwuşurğa kerekmeI need to grapple | senbuwuşurğa kerekseyou need to grapple | olbuwuşurğa kerekdihe needs to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa kerekbizwe need to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa kereksizyou all need to grapple | alabuwuşurğa kerekdilethey need to grapple |
| need to | menbuwuşurğa kerek tülmeI do not need to grapple | senbuwuşurğa kerek tülseyou do not need to grapple | olbuwuşurğa kerek tüldühe does not need to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to grapple | alabuwuşurğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to grapple |
| have to | menmenŋe buwuşurğa tüşediI have to grapple | sensenŋe buwuşurğa tüşediyou have to grapple | olaŋa buwuşurğa tüşedihe has to grapple | bizbizge buwuşurğa tüşediwe have to grapple | sizsizge buwuşurğa tüşediyou all have to grapple | alaalağa buwuşurğa tüşedithey have to grapple |
| have to | menmenŋe buwuşurğa tüşmeydiI do not have to grapple | sensenŋe buwuşurğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to grapple | olaŋa buwuşurğa tüşmeydihe does not have to grapple | bizbizge buwuşurğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to grapple | sizsizge buwuşurğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to grapple | alaalağa buwuşurğa tüşmeydithey do not have to grapple |
| be obliged to | menbuwuşurğa borçlumaI am obliged to grapple | senbuwuşurğa borçlusayou are obliged to grapple | olbuwuşurğa borçluduhe is obliged to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to grapple | alabuwuşurğa borçludulathey are obliged to grapple |
| be obliged to | menbuwuşurğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to grapple | senbuwuşurğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to grapple | olbuwuşurğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to grapple | alabuwuşurğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to grapple |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menbuwuşurğa madarım bardıI have a way to grapple | senbuwuşurğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to grapple | olbuwuşurğa madarı bardıhe has a way to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to grapple | alabuwuşurğa madarları bardıthey have a way to grapple |
| have a way to | menbuwuşurğa madarım joqduI have no way to grapple | senbuwuşurğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to grapple | olbuwuşurğa madarı joqduhe has no way to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to grapple | alabuwuşurğa madarları joqduthey have no way to grapple |
| be free to | menbuwuşurğa erkinligim bardıI am free to grapple | senbuwuşurğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to grapple | olbuwuşurğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to grapple | alabuwuşurğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to grapple |
| be free to | menbuwuşurğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to grapple | senbuwuşurğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to grapple | olbuwuşurğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to grapple | alabuwuşurğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to grapple |
| be possible to | menmenŋe buwuşurğa bolluqduit is possible for me to grapple | sensenŋe buwuşurğa bolluqduit is possible for you to grapple | olaŋa buwuşurğa bolluqduit is possible for him to grapple | bizbizge buwuşurğa bolluqduit is possible for us to grapple | sizsizge buwuşurğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to grapple | alaalağa buwuşurğa bolluqduit is possible for them to grapple |
| be possible to | menmenŋe buwuşurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to grapple | sensenŋe buwuşurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to grapple | olaŋa buwuşurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to grapple | bizbizge buwuşurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to grapple | sizsizge buwuşurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to grapple | alaalağa buwuşurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to grapple |
| be ready to | menbuwuşurğa hazırmaI am ready to grapple | senbuwuşurğa hazırsayou are ready to grapple | olbuwuşurğa hazırdıhe is ready to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa hazırbızwe are ready to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa hazırsızyou all are ready to grapple | alabuwuşurğa hazırdılathey are ready to grapple |
| be ready to | menbuwuşurğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to grapple | senbuwuşurğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to grapple | olbuwuşurğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to grapple | alabuwuşurğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to grapple |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menbuwuşurğa küreşemeI am trying to grapple | senbuwuşurğa küreşeseyou are trying to grapple | olbuwuşurğa küreşedihe is trying to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa küreşebizwe are trying to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa küreşesizyou all are trying to grapple | alabuwuşurğa küreşedilethey are trying to grapple |
| try to | menbuwuşurğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to grapple | senbuwuşurğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to grapple | olbuwuşurğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to grapple | alabuwuşurğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to grapple |
| agree to | menbuwuşurğa unaymaI agree to grapple | senbuwuşurğa unaysayou agree to grapple | olbuwuşurğa unaydıhe agrees to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa unaybızwe agree to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa unaysızyou all agree to grapple | alabuwuşurğa unaydılathey agree to grapple |
| agree to | menbuwuşurğa unamaymaI refuse to grapple | senbuwuşurğa unamaysayou refuse to grapple | olbuwuşurğa unamaydıhe refuses to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa unamaybızwe refuse to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa unamaysızyou all refuse to grapple | alabuwuşurğa unamaydılathey refuse to grapple |
| hurry to | menbuwuşurğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to grapple | senbuwuşurğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to grapple | olbuwuşurğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to grapple | alabuwuşurğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to grapple |
| hurry to | menbuwuşurğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to grapple | senbuwuşurğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to grapple | olbuwuşurğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to grapple | alabuwuşurğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to grapple |
| be afraid to | menbuwuşurğa qorqamaI am afraid to grapple | senbuwuşurğa qorqasayou are afraid to grapple | olbuwuşurğa qorqadıhe is afraid to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa qorqabızwe are afraid to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to grapple | alabuwuşurğa qorqadılathey are afraid to grapple |
| be afraid to | menbuwuşurğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to grapple | senbuwuşurğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to grapple | olbuwuşurğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to grapple | bizbuwuşurğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to grapple | sizbuwuşurğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to grapple | alabuwuşurğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to grapple |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menbuwuşa bolmazmaI can't be grappling | senbuwuşa bolmazsayou can't be grappling | olbuwuşa bolmazhe can't be grappling | bizbuwuşa bolmazbızwe can't be grappling | sizbuwuşa bolmazsızyou all can't be grappling | alabuwuşa bolmazlathey can't be grappling |
| Inference, present — double negation | menbuwuşmay bolmazmaI must be grappling (emphatic) | senbuwuşmay bolmazsayou must be grappling (emphatic) | olbuwuşmay bolmazhe must be grappling (emphatic) | bizbuwuşmay bolmazbızwe must be grappling (emphatic) | sizbuwuşmay bolmazsızyou all must be grappling (emphatic) | alabuwuşmay bolmazlathey must be grappling (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menbuwuşa turmasamif I don't keep grappling | senbuwuşa turmasaŋif you don't keep grappling | olbuwuşa turmasaif he doesn't keep grappling | bizbuwuşa turmasaqif we don't keep grappling | sizbuwuşa turmasağızif you all don't keep grappling | alabuwuşa turmasalaif they don't keep grappling |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menbuwuşa tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of grappling | senbuwuşa tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of grappling | olbuwuşa tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of grappling | bizbuwuşa tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of grappling | sizbuwuşa tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of grappling | alabuwuşa tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of grappling |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menbuwuşmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not grappling (emphatic) | senbuwuşmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not grappling (emphatic) | olbuwuşmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not grappling (emphatic) | bizbuwuşmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not grappling (emphatic) | sizbuwuşmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not grappling (emphatic) | alabuwuşmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not grappling (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menbuwuşmay turamaI keep on not grappling | senbuwuşmay turasayou keep on not grappling | olbuwuşmay turadıhe keeps on not grappling | bizbuwuşmay turabızwe keep on not grappling | sizbuwuşmay turasızyou all keep on not grappling | alabuwuşmay turadılathey keep on not grappling |
| Progressive — double negation | menbuwuşmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not grappling | senbuwuşmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not grappling | olbuwuşmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not grappling | bizbuwuşmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not grappling | sizbuwuşmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not grappling | alabuwuşmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not grappling |
| Progressive — double negation | menbuwuşmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not grappling? | senbuwuşmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not grappling? | olbuwuşmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not grappling? | bizbuwuşmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not grappling? | sizbuwuşmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not grappling? | alabuwuşmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not grappling? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menbuwuşhan bolmazmaI can't have grappled | senbuwuşhan bolmazsayou can't have grappled | olbuwuşhan bolmazhe can't have grappled | bizbuwuşhan bolmazbızwe can't have grappled | sizbuwuşhan bolmazsızyou all can't have grappled | alabuwuşhan bolmazlathey can't have grappled |
| Inference — double negation | menbuwuşmağan bolmazmaI must have grappled (emphatic) | senbuwuşmağan bolmazsayou must have grappled (emphatic) | olbuwuşmağan bolmazhe must have grappled (emphatic) | bizbuwuşmağan bolmazbızwe must have grappled (emphatic) | sizbuwuşmağan bolmazsızyou all must have grappled (emphatic) | alabuwuşmağan bolmazlathey must have grappled (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menbuwuşhan bolmasamif it weren't that I had grappled | senbuwuşhan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had grappled | olbuwuşhan bolmasaif it weren't that he had grappled | bizbuwuşhan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had grappled | sizbuwuşhan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had grappled | alabuwuşhan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had grappled |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menbuwuşmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't grappled | senbuwuşmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't grappled | olbuwuşmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't grappled | bizbuwuşmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't grappled | sizbuwuşmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't grappled | alabuwuşmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't grappled |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menbuwuşuruq bolmazmaI can't be going to grapple | senbuwuşuruq bolmazsayou can't be going to grapple | olbuwuşuruq bolmazhe can't be going to grapple | bizbuwuşuruq bolmazbızwe can't be going to grapple | sizbuwuşuruq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to grapple | alabuwuşuruq bolmazlathey can't be going to grapple |
| Inference, future — double negation | menbuwuşmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to grapple (emphatic) | senbuwuşmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to grapple (emphatic) | olbuwuşmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to grapple (emphatic) | bizbuwuşmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to grapple (emphatic) | sizbuwuşmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to grapple (emphatic) | alabuwuşmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to grapple (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menbuwuşuruq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to grapple | senbuwuşuruq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to grapple | olbuwuşuruq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to grapple | bizbuwuşuruq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to grapple | sizbuwuşuruq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to grapple | alabuwuşuruq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to grapple |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menbuwuşmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to grapple | senbuwuşmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to grapple | olbuwuşmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to grapple | bizbuwuşmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to grapple | sizbuwuşmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to grapple | alabuwuşmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to grapple |