buqusurarğa
/buqusurarʁa/
1. get dusty, be dusty, raise dust — Said of a road that throws up dust: jol buqusuraydı "the road is dusty, dust rises from the road".
- jol buqusuraydı — the road is dusty
- jay kün jolla buqusuraydıla — in summer the roads get dusty
- quru jol buqusuray edi — the dry road was raising dust
2. billow up, rise in clouds (of smoke) — For example, üyleni başlarından tütün buqusurab çığadı "smoke billows up over the roofs of the houses". one source
- üyleni başlarından tütün buqusurab çığadı — smoke billows up over the roofs of the houses
- otdan tütün buqusurab çıqdı — smoke billowed up from the fire
- tütün buqusuray edi — smoke was rising in clouds
Conjugation
Common forms
- buqusuraydıhe is being dusty
- buqusuradıhe was dusty
- buqusurağandıhe has been dusty
- buqusurarhe will be dusty
- buqusurarıqdıhe is going to be dusty
- buqusuray edihe was being dusty
- buqusurasaif he is dusty
- buqusura!be dusty!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbuqusuraymaI am being dusty | senbuqusuraysayou are being dusty | olbuqusuraydıhe is being dusty | bizbuqusuraybızwe are being dusty | sizbuqusuraysızyou all are being dusty | alabuqusuraydılathey are being dusty |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbuqusuramaymaI am not being dusty | senbuqusuramaysayou are not being dusty | olbuqusuramaydıhe is not being dusty | bizbuqusuramaybızwe are not being dusty | sizbuqusuramaysızyou all are not being dusty | alabuqusuramaydılathey are not being dusty |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbuqusuraymamı? buqusuraymıma?am I being dusty? | senbuqusuraymısa?are you being dusty? | olbuqusuraymıdı?is he being dusty? | bizbuqusuraybızmı? buqusuraymıbız?are we being dusty? | sizbuqusuraymısız?are you all being dusty? | alabuqusuraymıdıla?are they being dusty? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbuqusuramaymamı? buqusuramaymıma?aren't I being dusty? | senbuqusuramaymısa?aren't you being dusty? | olbuqusuramaymıdı?isn't he being dusty? | bizbuqusuramaybızmı? buqusuramaymıbız?aren't we being dusty? | sizbuqusuramaymısız?aren't you all being dusty? | alabuqusuramaymıdıla?aren't they being dusty? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbuqusurawçanmaI am usually dusty | senbuqusurawçansayou are usually dusty | olbuqusurawçandıhe is usually dusty | bizbuqusurawçanbızwe are usually dusty | sizbuqusurawçansızyou all are usually dusty | alabuqusurawçandılathey are usually dusty |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbuqusuramawçanmaI am usually not dusty | senbuqusuramawçansayou are usually not dusty | olbuqusuramawçandıhe is usually not dusty | bizbuqusuramawçanbızwe are usually not dusty | sizbuqusuramawçansızyou all are usually not dusty | alabuqusuramawçandılathey are usually not dusty |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbuqusurawçanmamı? buqusurawçanmıma?am I usually dusty? | senbuqusurawçanmısa?are you usually dusty? | olbuqusurawçanmıdı?is he usually dusty? | bizbuqusurawçanbızmı? buqusurawçanmıbız?are we usually dusty? | sizbuqusurawçanmısız?are you all usually dusty? | alabuqusurawçanmıdıla?are they usually dusty? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbuqusuramawçanmamı? buqusuramawçanmıma?am I usually not dusty? | senbuqusuramawçanmısa?are you usually not dusty? | olbuqusuramawçanmıdı?is he usually not dusty? | bizbuqusuramawçanbızmı? buqusuramawçanmıbız?are we usually not dusty? | sizbuqusuramawçanmısız?are you all usually not dusty? | alabuqusuramawçanmıdıla?are they usually not dusty? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olbuqusurabdıhe has been dusty and remains so | alabuqusurabdılathey have been dusty and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olbuqusurabmıdı?has he been dusty? | alabuqusurabmıdıla?have they been dusty? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbuqusurab turamaI remain dusty | senbuqusurab turasayou remain dusty | olbuqusurab turadıhe remains dusty | bizbuqusurab turabızwe remain dusty | sizbuqusurab turasızyou all remain dusty | alabuqusurab turadılathey remain dusty |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbuqusurab turmaymaI don't remain dusty | senbuqusurab turmaysayou don't remain dusty | olbuqusurab turmaydıhe doesn't remain dusty | bizbuqusurab turmaybızwe don't remain dusty | sizbuqusurab turmaysızyou all don't remain dusty | alabuqusurab turmaydılathey don't remain dusty |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbuqusurab turamamı? buqusurab turamıma?do I remain dusty? | senbuqusurab turamısa?do you remain dusty? | olbuqusurab turamıdı?does he remain dusty? | bizbuqusurab turabızmı? buqusurab turamıbız?do we remain dusty? | sizbuqusurab turamısız?do you all remain dusty? | alabuqusurab turamıdıla?do they remain dusty? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbuqusurab turmaymamı? buqusurab turmaymıma?don't I remain dusty? | senbuqusurab turmaymısa?don't you remain dusty? | olbuqusurab turmaymıdı?doesn't he remain dusty? | bizbuqusurab turmaybızmı? buqusurab turmaymıbız?don't we remain dusty? | sizbuqusurab turmaymısız?don't you all remain dusty? | alabuqusurab turmaymıdıla?don't they remain dusty? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbuqusuray turamaI am in the middle of being dusty | senbuqusuray turasayou are in the middle of being dusty | olbuqusuray turadıhe is in the middle of being dusty | bizbuqusuray turabızwe are in the middle of being dusty | sizbuqusuray turasızyou all are in the middle of being dusty | alabuqusuray turadılathey are in the middle of being dusty |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbuqusuray turmaymaI am not in the middle of being dusty | senbuqusuray turmaysayou are not in the middle of being dusty | olbuqusuray turmaydıhe is not in the middle of being dusty | bizbuqusuray turmaybızwe are not in the middle of being dusty | sizbuqusuray turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of being dusty | alabuqusuray turmaydılathey are not in the middle of being dusty |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbuqusuray turamamı? buqusuray turamıma?am I in the middle of being dusty? | senbuqusuray turamısa?are you in the middle of being dusty? | olbuqusuray turamıdı?is he in the middle of being dusty? | bizbuqusuray turabızmı? buqusuray turamıbız?are we in the middle of being dusty? | sizbuqusuray turamısız?are you all in the middle of being dusty? | alabuqusuray turamıdıla?are they in the middle of being dusty? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbuqusuray turmaymamı? buqusuray turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of being dusty? | senbuqusuray turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of being dusty? | olbuqusuray turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of being dusty? | bizbuqusuray turmaybızmı? buqusuray turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of being dusty? | sizbuqusuray turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of being dusty? | alabuqusuray turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of being dusty? |
| Simple past (definite) | menbuqusuradımI was dusty | senbuqusuradıŋyou were dusty | olbuqusuradıhe was dusty | bizbuqusuradıqwe were dusty | sizbuqusuradığızyou all were dusty | alabuqusuradılathey were dusty |
| Simple past (definite) | menbuqusuramadımI wasn't dusty | senbuqusuramadıŋyou weren't dusty | olbuqusuramadıhe wasn't dusty | bizbuqusuramadıqwe weren't dusty | sizbuqusuramadığızyou all weren't dusty | alabuqusuramadılathey weren't dusty |
| Simple past (definite) | menbuqusuradımmı?was I dusty? | senbuqusuradıŋmı?were you dusty? | olbuqusuradımı?was he dusty? | bizbuqusuradıqmı?were we dusty? | sizbuqusuradığızmı?were you all dusty? | alabuqusuradılamı?were they dusty? |
| Simple past (definite) | menbuqusuramadımmı?wasn't I dusty? | senbuqusuramadıŋmı?weren't you dusty? | olbuqusuramadımı?wasn't he dusty? | bizbuqusuramadıqmı?weren't we dusty? | sizbuqusuramadığızmı?weren't you all dusty? | alabuqusuramadılamı?weren't they dusty? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbuqusurağanmaI have been dusty | senbuqusurağansayou have been dusty | olbuqusurağandıhe has been dusty | bizbuqusurağanbızwe have been dusty | sizbuqusurağansızyou all have been dusty | alabuqusurağandılathey have been dusty |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbuqusuramağanmaI haven't been dusty | senbuqusuramağansayou haven't been dusty | olbuqusuramağandıhe hasn't been dusty | bizbuqusuramağanbızwe haven't been dusty | sizbuqusuramağansızyou all haven't been dusty | alabuqusuramağandılathey haven't been dusty |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbuqusurağanmamı? buqusurağanmıma?have I been dusty? | senbuqusurağanmısa?have you been dusty? | olbuqusurağanmıdı?has he been dusty? | bizbuqusurağanbızmı? buqusurağanmıbız?have we been dusty? | sizbuqusurağanmısız?have you all been dusty? | alabuqusurağanmıdıla?have they been dusty? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbuqusuramağanmamı? buqusuramağanmıma?haven't I been dusty? | senbuqusuramağanmısa?haven't you been dusty? | olbuqusuramağanmıdı?hasn't he been dusty? | bizbuqusuramağanbızmı? buqusuramağanmıbız?haven't we been dusty? | sizbuqusuramağanmısız?haven't you all been dusty? | alabuqusuramağanmıdıla?haven't they been dusty? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menbuqusurab turdumI remained dusty | senbuqusurab turduŋyou remained dusty | olbuqusurab turduhe remained dusty | bizbuqusurab turduqwe remained dusty | sizbuqusurab turduğuzyou all remained dusty | alabuqusurab turdulathey remained dusty |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menbuqusurab turmadımI didn't remain dusty | senbuqusurab turmadıŋyou didn't remain dusty | olbuqusurab turmadıhe didn't remain dusty | bizbuqusurab turmadıqwe didn't remain dusty | sizbuqusurab turmadığızyou all didn't remain dusty | alabuqusurab turmadılathey didn't remain dusty |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbuqusurarmaI will be dusty | senbuqusurarsayou will be dusty | olbuqusurarhe will be dusty | bizbuqusurarbızwe will be dusty | sizbuqusurarsızyou all will be dusty | alabuqusurarlathey will be dusty |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbuqusuramazmaI won't be dusty | senbuqusuramazsayou won't be dusty | olbuqusuramazhe won't be dusty | bizbuqusuramazbızwe won't be dusty | sizbuqusuramazsızyou all won't be dusty | alabuqusuramazlathey won't be dusty |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbuqusurarmamı? buqusurarmıma?will I be dusty? | senbuqusurarmısa?will you be dusty? | olbuqusurarmı?will he be dusty? | bizbuqusurarbızmı? buqusurarmıbız?will we be dusty? | sizbuqusurarmısız?will you all be dusty? | alabuqusurarlamı? buqusurarmıla?will they be dusty? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbuqusuramazmamı? buqusuramazmıma?won't I be dusty? | senbuqusuramazmısa?won't you be dusty? | olbuqusuramazmı?won't he be dusty? | bizbuqusuramazbızmı? buqusuramazmıbız?won't we be dusty? | sizbuqusuramazmısız?won't you all be dusty? | alabuqusuramazlamı? buqusuramazmıla?won't they be dusty? |
| Definite future (future II) | menbuqusurarıqmaI am going to be dusty | senbuqusurarıqsayou are going to be dusty | olbuqusurarıqdıhe is going to be dusty | bizbuqusurarıqbızwe are going to be dusty | sizbuqusurarıqsızyou all are going to be dusty | alabuqusurarıqdılathey are going to be dusty |
| Definite future (future II) | menbuqusurarıq tülmeI am not going to be dusty | senbuqusurarıq tülseyou are not going to be dusty | olbuqusurarıq tüldühe is not going to be dusty | bizbuqusurarıq tülbüzwe are not going to be dusty | sizbuqusurarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be dusty | alabuqusurarıq tüldülethey are not going to be dusty |
| Definite future (future II) | menbuqusurarıqmamı? buqusurarıqmıma?am I going to be dusty? | senbuqusurarıqmısa?are you going to be dusty? | olbuqusurarıqmıdı?is he going to be dusty? | bizbuqusurarıqbızmı? buqusurarıqmıbız?are we going to be dusty? | sizbuqusurarıqmısız?are you all going to be dusty? | alabuqusurarıqmıdıla?are they going to be dusty? |
| Definite future (future II) | menbuqusurarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be dusty? | senbuqusurarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be dusty? | olbuqusurarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be dusty? | bizbuqusurarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be dusty? | sizbuqusurarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be dusty? | alabuqusurarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be dusty? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menbuqusurağan edimbuqusurağanemI had been dusty | senbuqusurağan ediŋbuqusurağaneŋyou had been dusty | olbuqusurağan edibuqusurağanedhe had been dusty | bizbuqusurağan edikbuqusurağanekwe had been dusty | sizbuqusurağan edigizbuqusurağanegizyou all had been dusty | alabuqusurağan edilebuqusurağanellethey had been dusty |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menbuqusuramağan edimbuqusuramağanemI hadn't been dusty | senbuqusuramağan ediŋbuqusuramağaneŋyou hadn't been dusty | olbuqusuramağan edibuqusuramağanedhe hadn't been dusty | bizbuqusuramağan edikbuqusuramağanekwe hadn't been dusty | sizbuqusuramağan edigizbuqusuramağanegizyou all hadn't been dusty | alabuqusuramağan edilebuqusuramağanellethey hadn't been dusty |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menbuqusuray edimbuqusurayemI was being dusty | senbuqusuray ediŋbuqusurayeŋyou were being dusty | olbuqusuray edibuqusurayedhe was being dusty | bizbuqusuray edikbuqusurayekwe were being dusty | sizbuqusuray edigizbuqusurayegizyou all were being dusty | alabuqusuray edilebuqusurayellethey were being dusty |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menbuqusuramay edimbuqusuramayemI wasn't being dusty | senbuqusuramay ediŋbuqusuramayeŋyou weren't being dusty | olbuqusuramay edibuqusuramayedhe wasn't being dusty | bizbuqusuramay edikbuqusuramayekwe weren't being dusty | sizbuqusuramay edigizbuqusuramayegizyou all weren't being dusty | alabuqusuramay edilebuqusuramayellethey weren't being dusty |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menbuqusurawçan edimbuqusurawçanemI used to be dusty | senbuqusurawçan ediŋbuqusurawçaneŋyou used to be dusty | olbuqusurawçan edibuqusurawçanedhe used to be dusty | bizbuqusurawçan edikbuqusurawçanekwe used to be dusty | sizbuqusurawçan edigizbuqusurawçanegizyou all used to be dusty | alabuqusurawçan edilebuqusurawçanellethey used to be dusty |
| Habitual past (used to) | menbuqusuramawçan edimbuqusuramawçanemI didn't use to be dusty | senbuqusuramawçan ediŋbuqusuramawçaneŋyou didn't use to be dusty | olbuqusuramawçan edibuqusuramawçanedhe didn't use to be dusty | bizbuqusuramawçan edikbuqusuramawçanekwe didn't use to be dusty | sizbuqusuramawçan edigizbuqusuramawçanegizyou all didn't use to be dusty | alabuqusuramawçan edilebuqusuramawçanellethey didn't use to be dusty |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olbuqusurab edihe had been dusty and remained so | alabuqusurab edilethey had been dusty and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olbuqusurab tül edihe hadn't been dusty | alabuqusurab tül edilethey hadn't been dusty | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menbuqusurab tura edimbuqusurab turaemI had remained dusty | senbuqusurab tura ediŋbuqusurab turaeŋyou had remained dusty | olbuqusurab tura edibuqusurab turaedhe had remained dusty | bizbuqusurab tura edikbuqusurab turaekwe had remained dusty | sizbuqusurab tura edigizbuqusurab turaegizyou all had remained dusty | alabuqusurab tura edilebuqusurab turaellethey had remained dusty |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menbuqusurab turmay edimbuqusurab turmayemI hadn't remained dusty | senbuqusurab turmay ediŋbuqusurab turmayeŋyou hadn't remained dusty | olbuqusurab turmay edibuqusurab turmayedhe hadn't remained dusty | bizbuqusurab turmay edikbuqusurab turmayekwe hadn't remained dusty | sizbuqusurab turmay edigizbuqusurab turmayegizyou all hadn't remained dusty | alabuqusurab turmay edilebuqusurab turmayellethey hadn't remained dusty |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menbuqusuray tura edimbuqusuray turaemI was in the middle of being dusty | senbuqusuray tura ediŋbuqusuray turaeŋyou were in the middle of being dusty | olbuqusuray tura edibuqusuray turaedhe was in the middle of being dusty | bizbuqusuray tura edikbuqusuray turaekwe were in the middle of being dusty | sizbuqusuray tura edigizbuqusuray turaegizyou all were in the middle of being dusty | alabuqusuray tura edilebuqusuray turaellethey were in the middle of being dusty |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menbuqusuray turmay edimbuqusuray turmayemI wasn't in the middle of being dusty | senbuqusuray turmay ediŋbuqusuray turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of being dusty | olbuqusuray turmay edibuqusuray turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of being dusty | bizbuqusuray turmay edikbuqusuray turmayekwe weren't in the middle of being dusty | sizbuqusuray turmay edigizbuqusuray turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of being dusty | alabuqusuray turmay edilebuqusuray turmayellethey weren't in the middle of being dusty |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menbuqusurar edimbuqusurar emI would be dusty | senbuqusurar ediŋbuqusurar eŋyou would be dusty | olbuqusurar edibuqusurar edhe would be dusty | bizbuqusurar edikbuqusurar ekwe would be dusty | sizbuqusurar edigizbuqusurar egizyou all would be dusty | alabuqusurar edilebuqusurar ellethey would be dusty |
| Conditional result (would) | menbuqusuramaz edimbuqusuramaz emI wouldn't be dusty | senbuqusuramaz ediŋbuqusuramaz eŋyou wouldn't be dusty | olbuqusuramaz edibuqusuramaz edhe wouldn't be dusty | bizbuqusuramaz edikbuqusuramaz ekwe wouldn't be dusty | sizbuqusuramaz edigizbuqusuramaz egizyou all wouldn't be dusty | alabuqusuramaz edilebuqusuramaz ellethey wouldn't be dusty |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menbuqusurarıq edimbuqusurarıq emI would have been dusty | senbuqusurarıq ediŋbuqusurarıq eŋyou would have been dusty | olbuqusurarıq edibuqusurarıq edhe would have been dusty | bizbuqusurarıq edikbuqusurarıq ekwe would have been dusty | sizbuqusurarıq edigizbuqusurarıq egizyou all would have been dusty | alabuqusurarıq edilebuqusurarıq ellethey would have been dusty |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menbuqusurarıq tül edimbuqusurarıq tül emI wouldn't have been dusty | senbuqusurarıq tül ediŋbuqusurarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have been dusty | olbuqusurarıq tül edibuqusurarıq tül edhe wouldn't have been dusty | bizbuqusurarıq tül edikbuqusurarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have been dusty | sizbuqusurarıq tül edigizbuqusurarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have been dusty | alabuqusurarıq tül edilebuqusurarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have been dusty |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menbuqusurasamif I am dusty | senbuqusurasaŋif you are dusty | olbuqusurasaif he is dusty | bizbuqusurasaqif we are dusty | sizbuqusurasağızif you all are dusty | alabuqusurasalaif they are dusty |
| Conditional | menbuqusuramasamif I am not dusty | senbuqusuramasaŋif you are not dusty | olbuqusuramasaif he is not dusty | bizbuqusuramasaqif we are not dusty | sizbuqusuramasağızif you all are not dusty | alabuqusuramasalaif they are not dusty |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menbuqusuray esemif I am being dusty | senbuqusuray eseŋif you are being dusty | olbuqusuray eseif he is being dusty | bizbuqusuray esekif we are being dusty | sizbuqusuray esegizif you all are being dusty | alabuqusuray eseleif they are being dusty |
| Conditional, present real | menbuqusuramay esemif I am not being dusty | senbuqusuramay eseŋif you are not being dusty | olbuqusuramay eseif he is not being dusty | bizbuqusuramay esekif we are not being dusty | sizbuqusuramay esegizif you all are not being dusty | alabuqusuramay eseleif they are not being dusty |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menbuqusurasam edibuqusurasam edif only I was dusty | senbuqusurasaŋ edibuqusurasaŋ edif only you was dusty | olbuqusurasa edibuqusurasaedif only he was dusty | bizbuqusurasaq edibuqusurasaq edif only we was dusty | sizbuqusurasağız edibuqusurasağız edif only you all was dusty | alabuqusurasala edibuqusurasalaedif only they was dusty |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menbuqusuramasam edibuqusuramasam edif only I didn't be dusty | senbuqusuramasaŋ edibuqusuramasaŋ edif only you didn't be dusty | olbuqusuramasa edibuqusuramasaedif only he didn't be dusty | bizbuqusuramasaq edibuqusuramasaq edif only we didn't be dusty | sizbuqusuramasağız edibuqusuramasağız edif only you all didn't be dusty | alabuqusuramasala edibuqusuramasalaedif only they didn't be dusty |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menbuqusurab tursamif I remain dusty | senbuqusurab tursaŋif you remain dusty | olbuqusurab tursaif he remains dusty | bizbuqusurab tursaqif we remain dusty | sizbuqusurab tursağızif you all remain dusty | alabuqusurab tursalaif they remain dusty |
| Durative conditional | menbuqusurab turmasamif I don't remain dusty | senbuqusurab turmasaŋif you don't remain dusty | olbuqusurab turmasaif he doesn't remain dusty | bizbuqusurab turmasaqif we don't remain dusty | sizbuqusurab turmasağızif you all don't remain dusty | alabuqusurab turmasalaif they don't remain dusty |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menbuqusurab tura esemif I have remained dusty | senbuqusurab tura eseŋif you have remained dusty | olbuqusurab tura eseif he has remained dusty | bizbuqusurab tura esekif we have remained dusty | sizbuqusurab tura esegizif you all have remained dusty | alabuqusurab tura eseleif they have remained dusty |
| Durative conditional, present real | menbuqusurab turmay esemif I haven't remained dusty | senbuqusurab turmay eseŋif you haven't remained dusty | olbuqusurab turmay eseif he hasn't remained dusty | bizbuqusurab turmay esekif we haven't remained dusty | sizbuqusurab turmay esegizif you all haven't remained dusty | alabuqusurab turmay eseleif they haven't remained dusty |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menbuqusuray tursamif I keep being dusty | senbuqusuray tursaŋif you keep being dusty | olbuqusuray tursaif he keeps being dusty | bizbuqusuray tursaqif we keep being dusty | sizbuqusuray tursağızif you all keep being dusty | alabuqusuray tursalaif they keep being dusty |
| Progressive conditional | menbuqusuramay tursamif I keep on not being dusty | senbuqusuramay tursaŋif you keep on not being dusty | olbuqusuramay tursaif he keeps on not being dusty | bizbuqusuramay tursaqif we keep on not being dusty | sizbuqusuramay tursağızif you all keep on not being dusty | alabuqusuramay tursalaif they keep on not being dusty |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menbuqusuray tura esemif I am in the middle of being dusty | senbuqusuray tura eseŋif you are in the middle of being dusty | olbuqusuray tura eseif he is in the middle of being dusty | bizbuqusuray tura esekif we are in the middle of being dusty | sizbuqusuray tura esegizif you all are in the middle of being dusty | alabuqusuray tura eseleif they are in the middle of being dusty |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menbuqusuramay tura esemif I keep on not being dusty | senbuqusuramay tura eseŋif you keep on not being dusty | olbuqusuramay tura eseif he keeps on not being dusty | bizbuqusuramay tura esekif we keep on not being dusty | sizbuqusuramay tura esegizif you all keep on not being dusty | alabuqusuramay tura eseleif they keep on not being dusty |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menbuqusuradım esemif I was dusty | senbuqusuradıŋ eseŋif you were dusty | olbuqusuradı eseif he was dusty | bizbuqusuradıq esekif we were dusty | sizbuqusuradığız esegizif you all were dusty | alabuqusuradıla eseleif they were dusty |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menbuqusuramadım esemif I wasn't dusty | senbuqusuramadıŋ eseŋif you weren't dusty | olbuqusuramadı eseif he wasn't dusty | bizbuqusuramadıq esekif we weren't dusty | sizbuqusuramadığız esegizif you all weren't dusty | alabuqusuramadıla eseleif they weren't dusty |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menbuqusurağan esemif I was dusty (indeed) | senbuqusurağan eseŋif you were dusty (indeed) | olbuqusurağan eseif he was dusty (indeed) | bizbuqusurağan esekif we were dusty (indeed) | sizbuqusurağan esegizif you all were dusty (indeed) | alabuqusurağan eseleif they were dusty (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menbuqusuramağan esemif I wasn't dusty (indeed) | senbuqusuramağan eseŋif you weren't dusty (indeed) | olbuqusuramağan eseif he wasn't dusty (indeed) | bizbuqusuramağan esekif we weren't dusty (indeed) | sizbuqusuramağan esegizif you all weren't dusty (indeed) | alabuqusuramağan eseleif they weren't dusty (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menbuqusurağan bolsamif I had been dusty | senbuqusurağan bolsaŋif you had been dusty | olbuqusurağan bolsaif he had been dusty | bizbuqusurağan bolsaqif we had been dusty | sizbuqusurağan bolsağızif you all had been dusty | alabuqusurağan bolsalaif they had been dusty |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menbuqusuramağan bolsamif I hadn't been dusty | senbuqusuramağan bolsaŋif you hadn't been dusty | olbuqusuramağan bolsaif he hadn't been dusty | bizbuqusuramağan bolsaqif we hadn't been dusty | sizbuqusuramağan bolsağızif you all hadn't been dusty | alabuqusuramağan bolsalaif they hadn't been dusty |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menbuqusurağan bolsam edibuqusurağan bolsam edif only I had been dusty | senbuqusurağan bolsaŋ edibuqusurağan bolsaŋ edif only you had been dusty | olbuqusurağan bolsa edibuqusurağan bolsaedif only he had been dusty | bizbuqusurağan bolsaq edibuqusurağan bolsaq edif only we had been dusty | sizbuqusurağan bolsağız edibuqusurağan bolsağız edif only you all had been dusty | alabuqusurağan bolsala edibuqusurağan bolsalaedif only they had been dusty |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menbuqusuramağan bolsam edibuqusuramağan bolsam edif only I hadn't been dusty | senbuqusuramağan bolsaŋ edibuqusuramağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't been dusty | olbuqusuramağan bolsa edibuqusuramağan bolsaedif only he hadn't been dusty | bizbuqusuramağan bolsaq edibuqusuramağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't been dusty | sizbuqusuramağan bolsağız edibuqusuramağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't been dusty | alabuqusuramağan bolsala edibuqusuramağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't been dusty |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menbuqusurar esemif I will be dusty | senbuqusurar eseŋif you will be dusty | olbuqusurar eseif he will be dusty | bizbuqusurar esekif we will be dusty | sizbuqusurar esegizif you all will be dusty | alabuqusurar eseleif they will be dusty |
| Conditional, aorist | menbuqusuramaz esemif I won't be dusty | senbuqusuramaz eseŋif you won't be dusty | olbuqusuramaz eseif he won't be dusty | bizbuqusuramaz esekif we won't be dusty | sizbuqusuramaz esegizif you all won't be dusty | alabuqusuramaz eseleif they won't be dusty |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menbuqusurarıq esemif I am going to be dusty | senbuqusurarıq eseŋif you are going to be dusty | olbuqusurarıq eseif he is going to be dusty | bizbuqusurarıq esekif we are going to be dusty | sizbuqusurarıq esegizif you all are going to be dusty | alabuqusurarıq eseleif they are going to be dusty |
| Conditional, future | menbuqusurarıq tül esemif I am not going to be dusty | senbuqusurarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to be dusty | olbuqusurarıq tül eseif he is not going to be dusty | bizbuqusurarıq tül esekif we are not going to be dusty | sizbuqusurarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to be dusty | alabuqusurarıq tül eseleif they are not going to be dusty |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menbuqusurarıq bolsamif I were going to be dusty | senbuqusurarıq bolsaŋif you were going to be dusty | olbuqusurarıq bolsaif he were going to be dusty | bizbuqusurarıq bolsaqif we were going to be dusty | sizbuqusurarıq bolsağızif you all were going to be dusty | alabuqusurarıq bolsalaif they were going to be dusty |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menbuqusuramazlıq bolsamif I were not going to be dusty | senbuqusuramazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to be dusty | olbuqusuramazlıq bolsaif he were not going to be dusty | bizbuqusuramazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to be dusty | sizbuqusuramazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to be dusty | alabuqusuramazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to be dusty |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso buqusuradıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menbuqusuray bolurmaI must be being dusty | senbuqusuray bolursayou must be being dusty | olbuqusuray bolurhe must be being dusty | bizbuqusuray bolurbuzwe must be being dusty | sizbuqusuray bolursuzyou all must be being dusty | alabuqusuray bolurlathey must be being dusty |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menbuqusuramay bolurmaI must not be being dusty | senbuqusuramay bolursayou must not be being dusty | olbuqusuramay bolurhe must not be being dusty | bizbuqusuramay bolurbuzwe must not be being dusty | sizbuqusuramay bolursuzyou all must not be being dusty | alabuqusuramay bolurlathey must not be being dusty |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menbuqusuray tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of being dusty | senbuqusuray tura bolursayou must be in the middle of being dusty | olbuqusuray tura bolurhe must be in the middle of being dusty | bizbuqusuray tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of being dusty | sizbuqusuray tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of being dusty | alabuqusuray tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of being dusty |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menbuqusuramay tura bolurmaI must keep on not being dusty | senbuqusuramay tura bolursayou must keep on not being dusty | olbuqusuramay tura bolurhe must keep on not being dusty | bizbuqusuramay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not being dusty | sizbuqusuramay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not being dusty | alabuqusuramay tura bolurlathey must keep on not being dusty |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menbuqusurağan bolurmaI must have been dusty | senbuqusurağan bolursayou must have been dusty | olbuqusurağan bolurhe must have been dusty | bizbuqusurağan bolurbuzwe must have been dusty | sizbuqusurağan bolursuzyou all must have been dusty | alabuqusurağan bolurlathey must have been dusty |
| Inference (must have) | menbuqusuramağan bolurmaI must not have been dusty | senbuqusuramağan bolursayou must not have been dusty | olbuqusuramağan bolurhe must not have been dusty | bizbuqusuramağan bolurbuzwe must not have been dusty | sizbuqusuramağan bolursuzyou all must not have been dusty | alabuqusuramağan bolurlathey must not have been dusty |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menbuqusurarıq bolurmaI must be going to be dusty | senbuqusurarıq bolursayou must be going to be dusty | olbuqusurarıq bolurhe must be going to be dusty | bizbuqusurarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to be dusty | sizbuqusurarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to be dusty | alabuqusurarıq bolurlathey must be going to be dusty |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menbuqusuramazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to be dusty | senbuqusuramazlıq bolursayou must not be going to be dusty | olbuqusuramazlıq bolurhe must not be going to be dusty | bizbuqusuramazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to be dusty | sizbuqusuramazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to be dusty | alabuqusuramazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to be dusty |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menbuqusurayımlet me be dusty | senbuqusura!be dusty! | olbuqusurasınlet him be dusty | bizbuqusurayıqlet's be dusty | sizbuqusurağız!be dusty, you all! | alabuqusurasınlalet them be dusty |
| Commands & suggestions | menbuqusuramayımlet me not be dusty | senbuqusurama!don't be dusty! | olbuqusuramasınlet him not be dusty | bizbuqusuramayıqlet's not be dusty | sizbuqusuramağız!don't be dusty, you all! | alabuqusuramasınlalet them not be dusty |
| Commands & suggestions | menbuqusurayımmı?shall I be dusty? | olbuqusurasınmı?should he be dusty? | bizbuqusurayıqmı?shall we be dusty? | alabuqusurasınlamı?should they be dusty? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menbuqusuramayımmı?shall I not be dusty? | olbuqusuramasınmı?should he not be dusty? | bizbuqusuramayıqmı?shall we not be dusty? | alabuqusuramasınlamı?should they not be dusty? | ||
| Requests | senbuqusuraçı2buqusuraçınplease be dusty | olbuqusurasınçıdo let him be dusty | sizbuqusuraçığızplease be dusty (plural/polite) | alabuqusurasınlaçıdo let them be dusty | ||
| Requests | senbuqusuramaçı2buqusuramaçınplease don't be dusty | olbuqusuramasınçıdo let him not be dusty | sizbuqusuramaçığızplease don't be dusty (plural/polite) | alabuqusuramasınlaçıdo let them not be dusty | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senbuqusurağınbuqusurağımay you be dusty | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senbuqusuramağınbuqusuramağımay you not be dusty | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menbuqusurağay edim buqusurağa edimwould that I were dusty | senbuqusurağay ediŋ buqusurağa ediŋwould that you were dusty | olbuqusurağay edi buqusurağa ediwould that he were dusty | bizbuqusurağay edik buqusurağa edikwould that we were dusty | sizbuqusurağay edigiz buqusurağa edigizwould that you all were dusty | alabuqusurağay edile buqusurağa edilewould that they were dusty |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menbuqusuramağay edim buqusuramağa edimwould that I were not dusty | senbuqusuramağay ediŋ buqusuramağa ediŋwould that you were not dusty | olbuqusuramağay edi buqusuramağa ediwould that he were not dusty | bizbuqusuramağay edik buqusuramağa edikwould that we were not dusty | sizbuqusuramağay edigiz buqusuramağa edigizwould that you all were not dusty | alabuqusuramağay edile buqusuramağa edilewould that they were not dusty |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menbuqusuramağa qoyayımbuqusurama qoyayımlet me allow someone to be dusty | senbuqusuramağa qoy!buqusurama qoy!let someone be dusty! | olbuqusuramağa qoysunbuqusurama qoysunlet him allow someone to be dusty | bizbuqusuramağa qoyayıqbuqusurama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to be dusty | sizbuqusuramağa qoyuğuz!buqusurama qoyuğuz!let someone be dusty, you all! | alabuqusuramağa qoysunlabuqusurama qoysunlalet them allow someone to be dusty |
| Let someone… (commands) | menbuqusuramağa qoymayımbuqusurama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to be dusty | senbuqusuramağa qoyma!buqusurama qoyma!don't let someone be dusty! | olbuqusuramağa qoymasınbuqusurama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to be dusty | bizbuqusuramağa qoymayıqbuqusurama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to be dusty | sizbuqusuramağa qoymağız!buqusurama qoymağız!don't let someone be dusty, you all! | alabuqusuramağa qoymasınlabuqusurama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to be dusty |
| Let someone… (commands) | menbuqusuramağa qoyayımmı?buqusurama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to be dusty? | olbuqusuramağa qoysunmu?buqusurama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to be dusty? | bizbuqusuramağa qoyayıqmı?buqusurama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to be dusty? | alabuqusuramağa qoysunlamı?buqusurama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to be dusty? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menbuqusuramağa qoymayımmı?buqusurama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to be dusty? | olbuqusuramağa qoymasınmı?buqusurama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to be dusty? | bizbuqusuramağa qoymayıqmı?buqusurama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to be dusty? | alabuqusuramağa qoymasınlamı?buqusurama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to be dusty? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menbuqusuramağa qoyamabuqusurama qoyamaI allow someone to be dusty | senbuqusuramağa qoyasabuqusurama qoyasayou allow someone to be dusty | olbuqusuramağa qoyadıbuqusurama qoyadıhe allows someone to be dusty | bizbuqusuramağa qoyabızbuqusurama qoyabızwe allow someone to be dusty | sizbuqusuramağa qoyasızbuqusurama qoyasızyou all allow someone to be dusty | alabuqusuramağa qoyadılabuqusurama qoyadılathey allow someone to be dusty |
| Let someone… (present) | menbuqusuramağa qoymaymabuqusurama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to be dusty | senbuqusuramağa qoymaysabuqusurama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to be dusty | olbuqusuramağa qoymaydıbuqusurama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to be dusty | bizbuqusuramağa qoymaybızbuqusurama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to be dusty | sizbuqusuramağa qoymaysızbuqusurama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to be dusty | alabuqusuramağa qoymaydılabuqusurama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to be dusty |
| Let someone… (present) | menbuqusuramağa qoyamamı?buqusurama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to be dusty? | senbuqusuramağa qoyamısa?buqusurama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to be dusty? | olbuqusuramağa qoyamıdı?buqusurama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to be dusty? | bizbuqusuramağa qoyabızmı?buqusurama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to be dusty? | sizbuqusuramağa qoyamısız?buqusurama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to be dusty? | alabuqusuramağa qoyamıdıla?buqusurama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to be dusty? |
| Let someone… (present) | menbuqusuramağa qoymaymamı?buqusurama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to be dusty? | senbuqusuramağa qoymaymısa?buqusurama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to be dusty? | olbuqusuramağa qoymaymıdı?buqusurama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to be dusty? | bizbuqusuramağa qoymaybızmı?buqusurama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to be dusty? | sizbuqusuramağa qoymaymısız?buqusurama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to be dusty? | alabuqusuramağa qoymaymıdıla?buqusurama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to be dusty? |
| Let someone… (past) | menbuqusuramağa qoydumbuqusurama qoydumI allowed someone to be dusty | senbuqusuramağa qoyduŋbuqusurama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to be dusty | olbuqusuramağa qoydubuqusurama qoyduhe allowed someone to be dusty | bizbuqusuramağa qoyduqbuqusurama qoyduqwe allowed someone to be dusty | sizbuqusuramağa qoyduğuzbuqusurama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to be dusty | alabuqusuramağa qoydulabuqusurama qoydulathey allowed someone to be dusty |
| Let someone… (past) | menbuqusuramağa qoymadımbuqusurama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to be dusty | senbuqusuramağa qoymadıŋbuqusurama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to be dusty | olbuqusuramağa qoymadıbuqusurama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to be dusty | bizbuqusuramağa qoymadıqbuqusurama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to be dusty | sizbuqusuramağa qoymadığızbuqusurama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to be dusty | alabuqusuramağa qoymadılabuqusurama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to be dusty |
| Let someone… (past) | menbuqusuramağa qoydummu?buqusurama qoydummu?did I allow someone to be dusty? | senbuqusuramağa qoyduŋmu?buqusurama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to be dusty? | olbuqusuramağa qoydumu?buqusurama qoydumu?did he allow someone to be dusty? | bizbuqusuramağa qoyduqmu?buqusurama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to be dusty? | sizbuqusuramağa qoyduğuzmu?buqusurama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to be dusty? | alabuqusuramağa qoydulamı?buqusurama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to be dusty? |
| Let someone… (past) | menbuqusuramağa qoymadımmı?buqusurama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to be dusty? | senbuqusuramağa qoymadıŋmı?buqusurama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to be dusty? | olbuqusuramağa qoymadımı?buqusurama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to be dusty? | bizbuqusuramağa qoymadıqmı?buqusurama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to be dusty? | sizbuqusuramağa qoymadığızmı?buqusurama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to be dusty? | alabuqusuramağa qoymadılamı?buqusurama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to be dusty? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
buqusurayalırğa be able to be dusty · buqusurayalmazğa be unable to be dusty
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menbuqusurayalamaI can be dusty | senbuqusurayalasayou can be dusty | olbuqusurayaladıhe can be dusty | bizbuqusurayalabızwe can be dusty | sizbuqusurayalasızyou all can be dusty | alabuqusurayaladılathey can be dusty |
| Ability — present | menbuqusurayalmaymaI can't be dusty | senbuqusurayalmaysayou can't be dusty | olbuqusurayalmaydıhe can't be dusty | bizbuqusurayalmaybızwe can't be dusty | sizbuqusurayalmaysızyou all can't be dusty | alabuqusurayalmaydılathey can't be dusty |
| Ability — present | menbuqusurayalamamı? buqusurayalamıma?can I be dusty? | senbuqusurayalamısa?can you be dusty? | olbuqusurayalamıdı?can he be dusty? | bizbuqusurayalabızmı? buqusurayalamıbız?can we be dusty? | sizbuqusurayalamısız?can you all be dusty? | alabuqusurayalamıdıla?can they be dusty? |
| Ability — present | menbuqusurayalmaymamı? buqusurayalmaymıma?can't I be dusty? | senbuqusurayalmaymısa?can't you be dusty? | olbuqusurayalmaymıdı?can't he be dusty? | bizbuqusurayalmaybızmı? buqusurayalmaymıbız?can't we be dusty? | sizbuqusurayalmaymısız?can't you all be dusty? | alabuqusurayalmaymıdıla?can't they be dusty? |
| Ability — if I can… | menbuqusurayalsamif I can be dusty | senbuqusurayalsaŋif you can be dusty | olbuqusurayalsaif he can be dusty | bizbuqusurayalsaqif we can be dusty | sizbuqusurayalsağızif you all can be dusty | alabuqusurayalsalaif they can be dusty |
| Ability — if I can… | menbuqusurayalmasamif I can't be dusty | senbuqusurayalmasaŋif you can't be dusty | olbuqusurayalmasaif he can't be dusty | bizbuqusurayalmasaqif we can't be dusty | sizbuqusurayalmasağızif you all can't be dusty | alabuqusurayalmasalaif they can't be dusty |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menbuqusurayaldımI was able to be dusty | senbuqusurayaldıŋyou were able to be dusty | olbuqusurayaldıhe was able to be dusty | bizbuqusurayaldıqwe were able to be dusty | sizbuqusurayaldığızyou all were able to be dusty | alabuqusurayaldılathey were able to be dusty |
| Ability — simple past | menbuqusurayalmadımI could not be dusty | senbuqusurayalmadıŋyou could not be dusty | olbuqusurayalmadıhe could not be dusty | bizbuqusurayalmadıqwe could not be dusty | sizbuqusurayalmadığızyou all could not be dusty | alabuqusurayalmadılathey could not be dusty |
| Ability — simple past | menbuqusurayaldımmı?was I able to be dusty? | senbuqusurayaldıŋmı?were you able to be dusty? | olbuqusurayaldımı?was he able to be dusty? | bizbuqusurayaldıqmı?were we able to be dusty? | sizbuqusurayaldığızmı?were you all able to be dusty? | alabuqusurayaldılamı?were they able to be dusty? |
| Ability — simple past | menbuqusurayalmadımmı?couldn't I be dusty? | senbuqusurayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you be dusty? | olbuqusurayalmadımı?couldn't he be dusty? | bizbuqusurayalmadıqmı?couldn't we be dusty? | sizbuqusurayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all be dusty? | alabuqusurayalmadılamı?couldn't they be dusty? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbuqusurayalğanmaI have been able to be dusty | senbuqusurayalğansayou have been able to be dusty | olbuqusurayalğandıhe has been able to be dusty | bizbuqusurayalğanbızwe have been able to be dusty | sizbuqusurayalğansızyou all have been able to be dusty | alabuqusurayalğandılathey have been able to be dusty |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbuqusurayalmağanmaI haven't been able to be dusty | senbuqusurayalmağansayou haven't been able to be dusty | olbuqusurayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to be dusty | bizbuqusurayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to be dusty | sizbuqusurayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to be dusty | alabuqusurayalmağandılathey haven't been able to be dusty |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbuqusurayalğanmamı? buqusurayalğanmıma?have I been able to be dusty? | senbuqusurayalğanmısa?have you been able to be dusty? | olbuqusurayalğanmıdı?has he been able to be dusty? | bizbuqusurayalğanbızmı? buqusurayalğanmıbız?have we been able to be dusty? | sizbuqusurayalğanmısız?have you all been able to be dusty? | alabuqusurayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to be dusty? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbuqusurayalmağanmamı? buqusurayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to be dusty? | senbuqusurayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to be dusty? | olbuqusurayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to be dusty? | bizbuqusurayalmağanbızmı? buqusurayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to be dusty? | sizbuqusurayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to be dusty? | alabuqusurayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to be dusty? |
| Ability — past perfect | menbuqusurayalğan edimbuqusurayalğanemI had been able to be dusty | senbuqusurayalğan ediŋbuqusurayalğaneŋyou had been able to be dusty | olbuqusurayalğan edibuqusurayalğanedhe had been able to be dusty | bizbuqusurayalğan edikbuqusurayalğanekwe had been able to be dusty | sizbuqusurayalğan edigizbuqusurayalğanegizyou all had been able to be dusty | alabuqusurayalğan edilebuqusurayalğanellethey had been able to be dusty |
| Ability — past perfect | menbuqusurayalmağan edimbuqusurayalmağanemI hadn't been able to be dusty | senbuqusurayalmağan ediŋbuqusurayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to be dusty | olbuqusurayalmağan edibuqusurayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to be dusty | bizbuqusurayalmağan edikbuqusurayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to be dusty | sizbuqusurayalmağan edigizbuqusurayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to be dusty | alabuqusurayalmağan edilebuqusurayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to be dusty |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menbuqusurayala edimbuqusurayalaemI could be dusty | senbuqusurayala ediŋbuqusurayalaeŋyou could be dusty | olbuqusurayala edibuqusurayalaedhe could be dusty | bizbuqusurayala edikbuqusurayalaekwe could be dusty | sizbuqusurayala edigizbuqusurayalaegizyou all could be dusty | alabuqusurayala edilebuqusurayalaellethey could be dusty |
| Ability — past background | menbuqusurayalmay edimbuqusurayalmayemI could not be dusty | senbuqusurayalmay ediŋbuqusurayalmayeŋyou could not be dusty | olbuqusurayalmay edibuqusurayalmayedhe could not be dusty | bizbuqusurayalmay edikbuqusurayalmayekwe could not be dusty | sizbuqusurayalmay edigizbuqusurayalmayegizyou all could not be dusty | alabuqusurayalmay edilebuqusurayalmayellethey could not be dusty |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menbuqusurayalırmaI will be able to be dusty | senbuqusurayalırsayou will be able to be dusty | olbuqusurayalırhe will be able to be dusty | bizbuqusurayalırbızwe will be able to be dusty | sizbuqusurayalırsızyou all will be able to be dusty | alabuqusurayalırlathey will be able to be dusty |
| Ability — future I | menbuqusurayalmazmaI won't be able to be dusty | senbuqusurayalmazsayou won't be able to be dusty | olbuqusurayalmazhe won't be able to be dusty | bizbuqusurayalmazbızwe won't be able to be dusty | sizbuqusurayalmazsızyou all won't be able to be dusty | alabuqusurayalmazlathey won't be able to be dusty |
| Ability — future I | menbuqusurayalırmamı? buqusurayalırmıma?will I be able to be dusty? | senbuqusurayalırmısa?will you be able to be dusty? | olbuqusurayalırmı?will he be able to be dusty? | bizbuqusurayalırbızmı? buqusurayalırmıbız?will we be able to be dusty? | sizbuqusurayalırmısız?will you all be able to be dusty? | alabuqusurayalırlamı? buqusurayalırmıla?will they be able to be dusty? |
| Ability — future I | menbuqusurayalmazmamı? buqusurayalmazmıma?won't I be able to be dusty? | senbuqusurayalmazmısa?won't you be able to be dusty? | olbuqusurayalmazmı?won't he be able to be dusty? | bizbuqusurayalmazbızmı? buqusurayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to be dusty? | sizbuqusurayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to be dusty? | alabuqusurayalmazlamı? buqusurayalmazmıla?won't they be able to be dusty? |
| Ability — future II | menbuqusurayallıqmaI am going to be able to be dusty | senbuqusurayallıqsayou are going to be able to be dusty | olbuqusurayallıqdıhe is going to be able to be dusty | bizbuqusurayallıqbızwe are going to be able to be dusty | sizbuqusurayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to be dusty | alabuqusurayallıqdılathey are going to be able to be dusty |
| Ability — future II | menbuqusurayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to be dusty | senbuqusurayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to be dusty | olbuqusurayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to be dusty | bizbuqusurayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to be dusty | sizbuqusurayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to be dusty | alabuqusurayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to be dusty |
| Ability — future II | menbuqusurayallıqmamı? buqusurayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to be dusty? | senbuqusurayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to be dusty? | olbuqusurayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to be dusty? | bizbuqusurayallıqbızmı? buqusurayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to be dusty? | sizbuqusurayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to be dusty? | alabuqusurayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to be dusty? |
| Ability — future II | menbuqusurayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to be dusty? | senbuqusurayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to be dusty? | olbuqusurayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to be dusty? | bizbuqusurayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to be dusty? | sizbuqusurayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to be dusty? | alabuqusurayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to be dusty? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menbuqusurayalır edimbuqusurayalır emI would be able to be dusty | senbuqusurayalır ediŋbuqusurayalır eŋyou would be able to be dusty | olbuqusurayalır edibuqusurayalır edhe would be able to be dusty | bizbuqusurayalır edikbuqusurayalır ekwe would be able to be dusty | sizbuqusurayalır edigizbuqusurayalır egizyou all would be able to be dusty | alabuqusurayalır edilebuqusurayalır ellethey would be able to be dusty |
| Ability — would be able to… | menbuqusurayalmaz edimbuqusurayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to be dusty | senbuqusurayalmaz ediŋbuqusurayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to be dusty | olbuqusurayalmaz edibuqusurayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to be dusty | bizbuqusurayalmaz edikbuqusurayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to be dusty | sizbuqusurayalmaz edigizbuqusurayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to be dusty | alabuqusurayalmaz edilebuqusurayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to be dusty |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senbuqusurayalğınbuqusurayalğımay you be able to be dusty | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senbuqusurayalmağınbuqusurayalmağımay you not be able to be dusty | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menbuqusurarğa izleymeI want to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa izleyseyou want to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa izleydihe wants to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa izleybizwe want to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa izleysizyou all want to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa izleydilethey want to be dusty |
| want to | menbuqusurarğa izlemeymeI do not want to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa izlemeydihe does not want to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to be dusty |
| would like to | menbuqusurarğa süemeI would like to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa süeseyou would like to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa süedihe would like to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa süebizwe would like to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa süesizyou all would like to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa süedilethey would like to be dusty |
| would like to | menbuqusurarğa süymeymeI would not like to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa süymeyseyou would not like to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa süymeydihe would not like to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa süymeybizwe would not like to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa süymeydilethey would not like to be dusty |
| hope to | menbuqusurarğa umutlanamaI hope to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa umutlanasayou hope to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa umutlanabızwe hope to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa umutlanadılathey hope to be dusty |
| hope to | menbuqusurarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to be dusty |
| be about to | menbuqusurarğa deb turamaI am about to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa deb turasayou are about to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa deb turadıhe is about to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa deb turabızwe are about to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa deb turasızyou all are about to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa deb turadılathey are about to be dusty |
| be about to | menbuqusurarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to be dusty |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menbuqusurarğa kerekmeI need to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa kerekseyou need to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa kerekdihe needs to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa kerekbizwe need to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa kereksizyou all need to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa kerekdilethey need to be dusty |
| need to | menbuqusurarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to be dusty |
| have to | menmenŋe buqusurarğa tüşediI have to be dusty | sensenŋe buqusurarğa tüşediyou have to be dusty | olaŋa buqusurarğa tüşedihe has to be dusty | bizbizge buqusurarğa tüşediwe have to be dusty | sizsizge buqusurarğa tüşediyou all have to be dusty | alaalağa buqusurarğa tüşedithey have to be dusty |
| have to | menmenŋe buqusurarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to be dusty | sensenŋe buqusurarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to be dusty | olaŋa buqusurarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to be dusty | bizbizge buqusurarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to be dusty | sizsizge buqusurarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to be dusty | alaalağa buqusurarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to be dusty |
| be obliged to | menbuqusurarğa borçlumaI am obliged to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa borçlusayou are obliged to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa borçluduhe is obliged to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa borçludulathey are obliged to be dusty |
| be obliged to | menbuqusurarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to be dusty |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menbuqusurarğa madarım bardıI have a way to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to be dusty |
| have a way to | menbuqusurarğa madarım joqduI have no way to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to be dusty |
| be free to | menbuqusurarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to be dusty |
| be free to | menbuqusurarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to be dusty |
| be possible to | menmenŋe buqusurarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to be dusty | sensenŋe buqusurarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to be dusty | olaŋa buqusurarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to be dusty | bizbizge buqusurarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to be dusty | sizsizge buqusurarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to be dusty | alaalağa buqusurarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to be dusty |
| be possible to | menmenŋe buqusurarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to be dusty | sensenŋe buqusurarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to be dusty | olaŋa buqusurarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to be dusty | bizbizge buqusurarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to be dusty | sizsizge buqusurarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to be dusty | alaalağa buqusurarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to be dusty |
| be ready to | menbuqusurarğa hazırmaI am ready to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa hazırsayou are ready to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa hazırdıhe is ready to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa hazırbızwe are ready to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa hazırdılathey are ready to be dusty |
| be ready to | menbuqusurarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to be dusty |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menbuqusurarğa küreşemeI am trying to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa küreşeseyou are trying to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa küreşedihe is trying to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa küreşebizwe are trying to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa küreşedilethey are trying to be dusty |
| try to | menbuqusurarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to be dusty |
| agree to | menbuqusurarğa unaymaI agree to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa unaysayou agree to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa unaydıhe agrees to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa unaybızwe agree to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa unaysızyou all agree to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa unaydılathey agree to be dusty |
| agree to | menbuqusurarğa unamaymaI refuse to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa unamaysayou refuse to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa unamaydıhe refuses to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa unamaybızwe refuse to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa unamaydılathey refuse to be dusty |
| hurry to | menbuqusurarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to be dusty |
| hurry to | menbuqusurarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to be dusty |
| be afraid to | menbuqusurarğa qorqamaI am afraid to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa qorqasayou are afraid to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to be dusty |
| be afraid to | menbuqusurarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to be dusty | senbuqusurarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to be dusty | olbuqusurarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to be dusty | bizbuqusurarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to be dusty | sizbuqusurarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to be dusty | alabuqusurarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to be dusty |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menbuqusuray bolmazmaI can't be being dusty | senbuqusuray bolmazsayou can't be being dusty | olbuqusuray bolmazhe can't be being dusty | bizbuqusuray bolmazbızwe can't be being dusty | sizbuqusuray bolmazsızyou all can't be being dusty | alabuqusuray bolmazlathey can't be being dusty |
| Inference, present — double negation | menbuqusuramay bolmazmaI must be being dusty (emphatic) | senbuqusuramay bolmazsayou must be being dusty (emphatic) | olbuqusuramay bolmazhe must be being dusty (emphatic) | bizbuqusuramay bolmazbızwe must be being dusty (emphatic) | sizbuqusuramay bolmazsızyou all must be being dusty (emphatic) | alabuqusuramay bolmazlathey must be being dusty (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menbuqusuray turmasamif I don't keep being dusty | senbuqusuray turmasaŋif you don't keep being dusty | olbuqusuray turmasaif he doesn't keep being dusty | bizbuqusuray turmasaqif we don't keep being dusty | sizbuqusuray turmasağızif you all don't keep being dusty | alabuqusuray turmasalaif they don't keep being dusty |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menbuqusuray tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of being dusty | senbuqusuray tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of being dusty | olbuqusuray tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of being dusty | bizbuqusuray tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of being dusty | sizbuqusuray tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of being dusty | alabuqusuray tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of being dusty |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menbuqusuramay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not being dusty (emphatic) | senbuqusuramay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not being dusty (emphatic) | olbuqusuramay tura bolmazhe must keep on not being dusty (emphatic) | bizbuqusuramay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not being dusty (emphatic) | sizbuqusuramay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not being dusty (emphatic) | alabuqusuramay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not being dusty (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menbuqusuramay turamaI keep on not being dusty | senbuqusuramay turasayou keep on not being dusty | olbuqusuramay turadıhe keeps on not being dusty | bizbuqusuramay turabızwe keep on not being dusty | sizbuqusuramay turasızyou all keep on not being dusty | alabuqusuramay turadılathey keep on not being dusty |
| Progressive — double negation | menbuqusuramay turmaymaI am not keeping on not being dusty | senbuqusuramay turmaysayou are not keeping on not being dusty | olbuqusuramay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not being dusty | bizbuqusuramay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not being dusty | sizbuqusuramay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not being dusty | alabuqusuramay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not being dusty |
| Progressive — double negation | menbuqusuramay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not being dusty? | senbuqusuramay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not being dusty? | olbuqusuramay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not being dusty? | bizbuqusuramay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not being dusty? | sizbuqusuramay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not being dusty? | alabuqusuramay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not being dusty? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menbuqusurağan bolmazmaI can't have been dusty | senbuqusurağan bolmazsayou can't have been dusty | olbuqusurağan bolmazhe can't have been dusty | bizbuqusurağan bolmazbızwe can't have been dusty | sizbuqusurağan bolmazsızyou all can't have been dusty | alabuqusurağan bolmazlathey can't have been dusty |
| Inference — double negation | menbuqusuramağan bolmazmaI must have been dusty (emphatic) | senbuqusuramağan bolmazsayou must have been dusty (emphatic) | olbuqusuramağan bolmazhe must have been dusty (emphatic) | bizbuqusuramağan bolmazbızwe must have been dusty (emphatic) | sizbuqusuramağan bolmazsızyou all must have been dusty (emphatic) | alabuqusuramağan bolmazlathey must have been dusty (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menbuqusurağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had been dusty | senbuqusurağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had been dusty | olbuqusurağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had been dusty | bizbuqusurağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had been dusty | sizbuqusurağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had been dusty | alabuqusurağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had been dusty |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menbuqusuramağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't been dusty | senbuqusuramağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't been dusty | olbuqusuramağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't been dusty | bizbuqusuramağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't been dusty | sizbuqusuramağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't been dusty | alabuqusuramağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't been dusty |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menbuqusurarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to be dusty | senbuqusurarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to be dusty | olbuqusurarıq bolmazhe can't be going to be dusty | bizbuqusurarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to be dusty | sizbuqusurarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to be dusty | alabuqusurarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to be dusty |
| Inference, future — double negation | menbuqusuramazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to be dusty (emphatic) | senbuqusuramazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to be dusty (emphatic) | olbuqusuramazlıq bolmazhe must be going to be dusty (emphatic) | bizbuqusuramazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to be dusty (emphatic) | sizbuqusuramazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to be dusty (emphatic) | alabuqusuramazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to be dusty (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menbuqusurarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to be dusty | senbuqusurarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to be dusty | olbuqusurarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to be dusty | bizbuqusurarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to be dusty | sizbuqusurarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to be dusty | alabuqusurarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to be dusty |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menbuqusuramazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to be dusty | senbuqusuramazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to be dusty | olbuqusuramazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to be dusty | bizbuqusuramazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to be dusty | sizbuqusuramazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to be dusty | alabuqusuramazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to be dusty |