biçerge
/bitʃerɡe/
1. cut out, tailor
- kiyim biçerge — to cut out clothes
- anam kölek biçdi — my mother cut out a shirt
- biçib tigerge — to cut out and sew
- biçe-tige bilirge — to know how to cut out and sew
- ol ton biçerge ustadı — he is a master at cutting out fur coats
2. plan, decide, settle on, determine
- aqıl biçerge — to make a decision
- işni kesim biçgenme — I planned the work myself
- onow biçib boşağanbız — we have already settled everything
- onownu alğadan biçerge — to settle the decision in advance
3. geld, castrate
- ajirni biçerge — to geld the stallion
- taynı biçdik — we gelded the colt
- qoynu biçerge — to geld the sheep
- malnı biçerge — to geld the animal
4. assess, appraise, set a price — Most often said of setting a price on goods (bağa biçerge) or of judging someone's worth. one source
- bağa biçerge — to set a price
- bağa biçdigizmi — did you set a price
- malğa bağa biçerge — to set a price on the livestock
- işine bağa biçdi — he appraised his work
- tıyınşlı bağa biçerge — to give a proper assessment
5. wish something on someone one source
- anŋa igilik biçerge — to wish him well
- amanlıq biçerge — to wish someone ill
Conjugation
Common forms
- biçedihe is cutting out
- biçdihe cut out
- biçgendihe has cut out
- biçerhe will cut out
- biçerikdihe is going to cut out
- biçe edihe was cutting out
- biçseif he cuts out
- biç!cut out!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbiçemeI am cutting out | senbiçeseyou are cutting out | olbiçedihe is cutting out | bizbiçebizwe are cutting out | sizbiçesizyou all are cutting out | alabiçedilethey are cutting out |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbiçmeymeI am not cutting out | senbiçmeyseyou are not cutting out | olbiçmeydihe is not cutting out | bizbiçmeybizwe are not cutting out | sizbiçmeysizyou all are not cutting out | alabiçmeydilethey are not cutting out |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbiçememi? biçemime?am I cutting out? | senbiçemise?are you cutting out? | olbiçemidi?is he cutting out? | bizbiçebizmi? biçemibiz?are we cutting out? | sizbiçemisiz?are you all cutting out? | alabiçemidile?are they cutting out? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menbiçmeymemi? biçmeymime?aren't I cutting out? | senbiçmeymise?aren't you cutting out? | olbiçmeymidi?isn't he cutting out? | bizbiçmeybizmi? biçmeymibiz?aren't we cutting out? | sizbiçmeymisiz?aren't you all cutting out? | alabiçmeymidile?aren't they cutting out? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbiçiwçenmeI usually cut out | senbiçiwçenseyou usually cut out | olbiçiwçendihe usually cuts out | bizbiçiwçenbizwe usually cut out | sizbiçiwçensizyou all usually cut out | alabiçiwçendilethey usually cut out |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbiçmewçenmeI usually don't cut out | senbiçmewçenseyou usually don't cut out | olbiçmewçendihe usually doesn't cut out | bizbiçmewçenbizwe usually don't cut out | sizbiçmewçensizyou all usually don't cut out | alabiçmewçendilethey usually don't cut out |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbiçiwçenmemi? biçiwçenmime?do I usually cut out? | senbiçiwçenmise?do you usually cut out? | olbiçiwçenmidi?does he usually cut out? | bizbiçiwçenbizmi? biçiwçenmibiz?do we usually cut out? | sizbiçiwçenmisiz?do you all usually cut out? | alabiçiwçenmidile?do they usually cut out? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menbiçmewçenmemi? biçmewçenmime?do I usually not cut out? | senbiçmewçenmise?do you usually not cut out? | olbiçmewçenmidi?does he usually not cut out? | bizbiçmewçenbizmi? biçmewçenmibiz?do we usually not cut out? | sizbiçmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not cut out? | alabiçmewçenmidile?do they usually not cut out? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olbiçibdihe has cut out and remains so | alabiçibdilethey have cut out and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olbiçibmidi?has he cut out? | alabiçibmidile?have they cut out? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbiçib turamaI keep cutting out | senbiçib turasayou keep cutting out | olbiçib turadıhe keeps cutting out | bizbiçib turabızwe keep cutting out | sizbiçib turasızyou all keep cutting out | alabiçib turadılathey keep cutting out |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbiçib turmaymaI don't keep cutting out | senbiçib turmaysayou don't keep cutting out | olbiçib turmaydıhe doesn't keep cutting out | bizbiçib turmaybızwe don't keep cutting out | sizbiçib turmaysızyou all don't keep cutting out | alabiçib turmaydılathey don't keep cutting out |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbiçib turamamı? biçib turamıma?do I keep cutting out? | senbiçib turamısa?do you keep cutting out? | olbiçib turamıdı?does he keep cutting out? | bizbiçib turabızmı? biçib turamıbız?do we keep cutting out? | sizbiçib turamısız?do you all keep cutting out? | alabiçib turamıdıla?do they keep cutting out? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menbiçib turmaymamı? biçib turmaymıma?don't I keep cutting out? | senbiçib turmaymısa?don't you keep cutting out? | olbiçib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep cutting out? | bizbiçib turmaybızmı? biçib turmaymıbız?don't we keep cutting out? | sizbiçib turmaymısız?don't you all keep cutting out? | alabiçib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep cutting out? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbiçe turamaI am in the middle of cutting out | senbiçe turasayou are in the middle of cutting out | olbiçe turadıhe is in the middle of cutting out | bizbiçe turabızwe are in the middle of cutting out | sizbiçe turasızyou all are in the middle of cutting out | alabiçe turadılathey are in the middle of cutting out |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbiçe turmaymaI am not in the middle of cutting out | senbiçe turmaysayou are not in the middle of cutting out | olbiçe turmaydıhe is not in the middle of cutting out | bizbiçe turmaybızwe are not in the middle of cutting out | sizbiçe turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of cutting out | alabiçe turmaydılathey are not in the middle of cutting out |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbiçe turamamı? biçe turamıma?am I in the middle of cutting out? | senbiçe turamısa?are you in the middle of cutting out? | olbiçe turamıdı?is he in the middle of cutting out? | bizbiçe turabızmı? biçe turamıbız?are we in the middle of cutting out? | sizbiçe turamısız?are you all in the middle of cutting out? | alabiçe turamıdıla?are they in the middle of cutting out? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menbiçe turmaymamı? biçe turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of cutting out? | senbiçe turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of cutting out? | olbiçe turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of cutting out? | bizbiçe turmaybızmı? biçe turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of cutting out? | sizbiçe turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of cutting out? | alabiçe turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of cutting out? |
| Simple past (definite) | menbiçdimI cut out | senbiçdiŋyou cut out | olbiçdihe cut out | bizbiçdikwe cut out | sizbiçdigizyou all cut out | alabiçdilethey cut out |
| Simple past (definite) | menbiçmedimI didn't cut out | senbiçmediŋyou didn't cut out | olbiçmedihe didn't cut out | bizbiçmedikwe didn't cut out | sizbiçmedigizyou all didn't cut out | alabiçmedilethey didn't cut out |
| Simple past (definite) | menbiçdimmi?did I cut out? | senbiçdiŋmi?did you cut out? | olbiçdimi?did he cut out? | bizbiçdikmi?did we cut out? | sizbiçdigizmi?did you all cut out? | alabiçdilemi?did they cut out? |
| Simple past (definite) | menbiçmedimmi?didn't I cut out? | senbiçmediŋmi?didn't you cut out? | olbiçmedimi?didn't he cut out? | bizbiçmedikmi?didn't we cut out? | sizbiçmedigizmi?didn't you all cut out? | alabiçmedilemi?didn't they cut out? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbiçgenmeI have cut out | senbiçgenseyou have cut out | olbiçgendihe has cut out | bizbiçgenbizwe have cut out | sizbiçgensizyou all have cut out | alabiçgendilethey have cut out |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbiçmegenmeI haven't cut out | senbiçmegenseyou haven't cut out | olbiçmegendihe hasn't cut out | bizbiçmegenbizwe haven't cut out | sizbiçmegensizyou all haven't cut out | alabiçmegendilethey haven't cut out |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbiçgenmemi? biçgenmime?have I cut out? | senbiçgenmise?have you cut out? | olbiçgenmidi?has he cut out? | bizbiçgenbizmi? biçgenmibiz?have we cut out? | sizbiçgenmisiz?have you all cut out? | alabiçgenmidile?have they cut out? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menbiçmegenmemi? biçmegenmime?haven't I cut out? | senbiçmegenmise?haven't you cut out? | olbiçmegenmidi?hasn't he cut out? | bizbiçmegenbizmi? biçmegenmibiz?haven't we cut out? | sizbiçmegenmisiz?haven't you all cut out? | alabiçmegenmidile?haven't they cut out? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menbiçib turdumI kept cutting out | senbiçib turduŋyou kept cutting out | olbiçib turduhe kept cutting out | bizbiçib turduqwe kept cutting out | sizbiçib turduğuzyou all kept cutting out | alabiçib turdulathey kept cutting out |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menbiçib turmadımI didn't keep cutting out | senbiçib turmadıŋyou didn't keep cutting out | olbiçib turmadıhe didn't keep cutting out | bizbiçib turmadıqwe didn't keep cutting out | sizbiçib turmadığızyou all didn't keep cutting out | alabiçib turmadılathey didn't keep cutting out |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbiçermeI will cut out | senbiçerseyou will cut out | olbiçerhe will cut out | bizbiçerbizwe will cut out | sizbiçersizyou all will cut out | alabiçerlethey will cut out |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbiçmezmeI won't cut out | senbiçmezseyou won't cut out | olbiçmezhe won't cut out | bizbiçmezbizwe won't cut out | sizbiçmezsizyou all won't cut out | alabiçmezlethey won't cut out |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbiçermemi? biçermime?will I cut out? | senbiçermise?will you cut out? | olbiçermi?will he cut out? | bizbiçerbizmi? biçermibiz?will we cut out? | sizbiçermisiz?will you all cut out? | alabiçerlemi? biçermile?will they cut out? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menbiçmezmemi? biçmezmime?won't I cut out? | senbiçmezmise?won't you cut out? | olbiçmezmi?won't he cut out? | bizbiçmezbizmi? biçmezmibiz?won't we cut out? | sizbiçmezmisiz?won't you all cut out? | alabiçmezlemi? biçmezmile?won't they cut out? |
| Definite future (future II) | menbiçerikmeI am going to cut out | senbiçerikseyou are going to cut out | olbiçerikdihe is going to cut out | bizbiçerikbizwe are going to cut out | sizbiçeriksizyou all are going to cut out | alabiçerikdilethey are going to cut out |
| Definite future (future II) | menbiçerik tülmeI am not going to cut out | senbiçerik tülseyou are not going to cut out | olbiçerik tüldühe is not going to cut out | bizbiçerik tülbüzwe are not going to cut out | sizbiçerik tülsüzyou all are not going to cut out | alabiçerik tüldülethey are not going to cut out |
| Definite future (future II) | menbiçerikmemi? biçerikmime?am I going to cut out? | senbiçerikmise?are you going to cut out? | olbiçerikmidi?is he going to cut out? | bizbiçerikbizmi? biçerikmibiz?are we going to cut out? | sizbiçerikmisiz?are you all going to cut out? | alabiçerikmidile?are they going to cut out? |
| Definite future (future II) | menbiçerik tülmüme?aren't I going to cut out? | senbiçerik tülmüse?aren't you going to cut out? | olbiçerik tülmüdü?isn't he going to cut out? | bizbiçerik tülmübüz?aren't we going to cut out? | sizbiçerik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to cut out? | alabiçerik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to cut out? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menbiçgen edimbiçgenemI had cut out | senbiçgen ediŋbiçgeneŋyou had cut out | olbiçgen edibiçgenedhe had cut out | bizbiçgen edikbiçgenekwe had cut out | sizbiçgen edigizbiçgenegizyou all had cut out | alabiçgen edilebiçgenellethey had cut out |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menbiçmegen edimbiçmegenemI hadn't cut out | senbiçmegen ediŋbiçmegeneŋyou hadn't cut out | olbiçmegen edibiçmegenedhe hadn't cut out | bizbiçmegen edikbiçmegenekwe hadn't cut out | sizbiçmegen edigizbiçmegenegizyou all hadn't cut out | alabiçmegen edilebiçmegenellethey hadn't cut out |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menbiçe edimbiçemI was cutting out | senbiçe ediŋbiçeŋyou were cutting out | olbiçe edibiçedhe was cutting out | bizbiçe edikbiçekwe were cutting out | sizbiçe edigizbiçegizyou all were cutting out | alabiçe edilebiçellethey were cutting out |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menbiçmey edimbiçmeyemI wasn't cutting out | senbiçmey ediŋbiçmeyeŋyou weren't cutting out | olbiçmey edibiçmeyedhe wasn't cutting out | bizbiçmey edikbiçmeyekwe weren't cutting out | sizbiçmey edigizbiçmeyegizyou all weren't cutting out | alabiçmey edilebiçmeyellethey weren't cutting out |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menbiçiwçen edimbiçiwçenemI used to cut out | senbiçiwçen ediŋbiçiwçeneŋyou used to cut out | olbiçiwçen edibiçiwçenedhe used to cut out | bizbiçiwçen edikbiçiwçenekwe used to cut out | sizbiçiwçen edigizbiçiwçenegizyou all used to cut out | alabiçiwçen edilebiçiwçenellethey used to cut out |
| Habitual past (used to) | menbiçmewçen edimbiçmewçenemI didn't use to cut out | senbiçmewçen ediŋbiçmewçeneŋyou didn't use to cut out | olbiçmewçen edibiçmewçenedhe didn't use to cut out | bizbiçmewçen edikbiçmewçenekwe didn't use to cut out | sizbiçmewçen edigizbiçmewçenegizyou all didn't use to cut out | alabiçmewçen edilebiçmewçenellethey didn't use to cut out |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olbiçib edihe had cut out and remained so | alabiçib edilethey had cut out and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olbiçib tül edihe hadn't cut out | alabiçib tül edilethey hadn't cut out | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menbiçib tura edimbiçib turaemI had kept cutting out | senbiçib tura ediŋbiçib turaeŋyou had kept cutting out | olbiçib tura edibiçib turaedhe had kept cutting out | bizbiçib tura edikbiçib turaekwe had kept cutting out | sizbiçib tura edigizbiçib turaegizyou all had kept cutting out | alabiçib tura edilebiçib turaellethey had kept cutting out |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menbiçib turmay edimbiçib turmayemI hadn't kept cutting out | senbiçib turmay ediŋbiçib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept cutting out | olbiçib turmay edibiçib turmayedhe hadn't kept cutting out | bizbiçib turmay edikbiçib turmayekwe hadn't kept cutting out | sizbiçib turmay edigizbiçib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept cutting out | alabiçib turmay edilebiçib turmayellethey hadn't kept cutting out |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menbiçe tura edimbiçe turaemI was in the middle of cutting out | senbiçe tura ediŋbiçe turaeŋyou were in the middle of cutting out | olbiçe tura edibiçe turaedhe was in the middle of cutting out | bizbiçe tura edikbiçe turaekwe were in the middle of cutting out | sizbiçe tura edigizbiçe turaegizyou all were in the middle of cutting out | alabiçe tura edilebiçe turaellethey were in the middle of cutting out |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menbiçe turmay edimbiçe turmayemI wasn't in the middle of cutting out | senbiçe turmay ediŋbiçe turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of cutting out | olbiçe turmay edibiçe turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of cutting out | bizbiçe turmay edikbiçe turmayekwe weren't in the middle of cutting out | sizbiçe turmay edigizbiçe turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of cutting out | alabiçe turmay edilebiçe turmayellethey weren't in the middle of cutting out |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menbiçer edimbiçer emI would cut out | senbiçer ediŋbiçer eŋyou would cut out | olbiçer edibiçer edhe would cut out | bizbiçer edikbiçer ekwe would cut out | sizbiçer edigizbiçer egizyou all would cut out | alabiçer edilebiçer ellethey would cut out |
| Conditional result (would) | menbiçmez edimbiçmez emI wouldn't cut out | senbiçmez ediŋbiçmez eŋyou wouldn't cut out | olbiçmez edibiçmez edhe wouldn't cut out | bizbiçmez edikbiçmez ekwe wouldn't cut out | sizbiçmez edigizbiçmez egizyou all wouldn't cut out | alabiçmez edilebiçmez ellethey wouldn't cut out |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menbiçerik edimbiçerik emI would have cut out | senbiçerik ediŋbiçerik eŋyou would have cut out | olbiçerik edibiçerik edhe would have cut out | bizbiçerik edikbiçerik ekwe would have cut out | sizbiçerik edigizbiçerik egizyou all would have cut out | alabiçerik edilebiçerik ellethey would have cut out |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menbiçerik tül edimbiçerik tül emI wouldn't have cut out | senbiçerik tül ediŋbiçerik tül eŋyou wouldn't have cut out | olbiçerik tül edibiçerik tül edhe wouldn't have cut out | bizbiçerik tül edikbiçerik tül ekwe wouldn't have cut out | sizbiçerik tül edigizbiçerik tül egizyou all wouldn't have cut out | alabiçerik tül edilebiçerik tül ellethey wouldn't have cut out |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menbiçsemif I cut out | senbiçseŋif you cut out | olbiçseif he cuts out | bizbiçsekif we cut out | sizbiçsegizif you all cut out | alabiçseleif they cut out |
| Conditional | menbiçmesemif I don't cut out | senbiçmeseŋif you don't cut out | olbiçmeseif he doesn't cut out | bizbiçmesekif we don't cut out | sizbiçmesegizif you all don't cut out | alabiçmeseleif they don't cut out |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menbiçe esemif I am cutting out | senbiçe eseŋif you are cutting out | olbiçe eseif he is cutting out | bizbiçe esekif we are cutting out | sizbiçe esegizif you all are cutting out | alabiçe eseleif they are cutting out |
| Conditional, present real | menbiçmey esemif I am not cutting out | senbiçmey eseŋif you are not cutting out | olbiçmey eseif he is not cutting out | bizbiçmey esekif we are not cutting out | sizbiçmey esegizif you all are not cutting out | alabiçmey eseleif they are not cutting out |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menbiçsem edibiçsem edif only I cut out | senbiçseŋ edibiçseŋ edif only you cut out | olbiçse edibiçsedif only he cut out | bizbiçsek edibiçsek edif only we cut out | sizbiçsegiz edibiçsegiz edif only you all cut out | alabiçsele edibiçseledif only they cut out |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menbiçmesem edibiçmesem edif only I didn't cut out | senbiçmeseŋ edibiçmeseŋ edif only you didn't cut out | olbiçmese edibiçmesedif only he didn't cut out | bizbiçmesek edibiçmesek edif only we didn't cut out | sizbiçmesegiz edibiçmesegiz edif only you all didn't cut out | alabiçmesele edibiçmeseledif only they didn't cut out |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menbiçib tursamif I carry on cutting out | senbiçib tursaŋif you carry on cutting out | olbiçib tursaif he carries on cutting out | bizbiçib tursaqif we carry on cutting out | sizbiçib tursağızif you all carry on cutting out | alabiçib tursalaif they carry on cutting out |
| Durative conditional | menbiçib turmasamif I don't carry on cutting out | senbiçib turmasaŋif you don't carry on cutting out | olbiçib turmasaif he doesn't carry on cutting out | bizbiçib turmasaqif we don't carry on cutting out | sizbiçib turmasağızif you all don't carry on cutting out | alabiçib turmasalaif they don't carry on cutting out |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menbiçib tura esemif I have kept cutting out | senbiçib tura eseŋif you have kept cutting out | olbiçib tura eseif he has kept cutting out | bizbiçib tura esekif we have kept cutting out | sizbiçib tura esegizif you all have kept cutting out | alabiçib tura eseleif they have kept cutting out |
| Durative conditional, present real | menbiçib turmay esemif I haven't kept cutting out | senbiçib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept cutting out | olbiçib turmay eseif he hasn't kept cutting out | bizbiçib turmay esekif we haven't kept cutting out | sizbiçib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept cutting out | alabiçib turmay eseleif they haven't kept cutting out |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menbiçe tursamif I keep cutting out | senbiçe tursaŋif you keep cutting out | olbiçe tursaif he keeps cutting out | bizbiçe tursaqif we keep cutting out | sizbiçe tursağızif you all keep cutting out | alabiçe tursalaif they keep cutting out |
| Progressive conditional | menbiçmey tursamif I keep on not cutting out | senbiçmey tursaŋif you keep on not cutting out | olbiçmey tursaif he keeps on not cutting out | bizbiçmey tursaqif we keep on not cutting out | sizbiçmey tursağızif you all keep on not cutting out | alabiçmey tursalaif they keep on not cutting out |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menbiçe tura esemif I am in the middle of cutting out | senbiçe tura eseŋif you are in the middle of cutting out | olbiçe tura eseif he is in the middle of cutting out | bizbiçe tura esekif we are in the middle of cutting out | sizbiçe tura esegizif you all are in the middle of cutting out | alabiçe tura eseleif they are in the middle of cutting out |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menbiçmey tura esemif I keep on not cutting out | senbiçmey tura eseŋif you keep on not cutting out | olbiçmey tura eseif he keeps on not cutting out | bizbiçmey tura esekif we keep on not cutting out | sizbiçmey tura esegizif you all keep on not cutting out | alabiçmey tura eseleif they keep on not cutting out |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menbiçdim esemif I cut out | senbiçdiŋ eseŋif you cut out | olbiçdi eseif he cut out | bizbiçdik esekif we cut out | sizbiçdigiz esegizif you all cut out | alabiçdile eseleif they cut out |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menbiçmedim esemif I didn't cut out | senbiçmediŋ eseŋif you didn't cut out | olbiçmedi eseif he didn't cut out | bizbiçmedik esekif we didn't cut out | sizbiçmedigiz esegizif you all didn't cut out | alabiçmedile eseleif they didn't cut out |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menbiçgen esemif I did cut out (indeed) | senbiçgen eseŋif you did cut out (indeed) | olbiçgen eseif he did cut out (indeed) | bizbiçgen esekif we did cut out (indeed) | sizbiçgen esegizif you all did cut out (indeed) | alabiçgen eseleif they did cut out (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menbiçmegen esemif I didn't cut out (indeed) | senbiçmegen eseŋif you didn't cut out (indeed) | olbiçmegen eseif he didn't cut out (indeed) | bizbiçmegen esekif we didn't cut out (indeed) | sizbiçmegen esegizif you all didn't cut out (indeed) | alabiçmegen eseleif they didn't cut out (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menbiçgen bolsamif I had cut out | senbiçgen bolsaŋif you had cut out | olbiçgen bolsaif he had cut out | bizbiçgen bolsaqif we had cut out | sizbiçgen bolsağızif you all had cut out | alabiçgen bolsalaif they had cut out |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menbiçmegen bolsamif I hadn't cut out | senbiçmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't cut out | olbiçmegen bolsaif he hadn't cut out | bizbiçmegen bolsaqif we hadn't cut out | sizbiçmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't cut out | alabiçmegen bolsalaif they hadn't cut out |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menbiçgen bolsam edibiçgen bolsam edif only I had cut out | senbiçgen bolsaŋ edibiçgen bolsaŋ edif only you had cut out | olbiçgen bolsa edibiçgen bolsaedif only he had cut out | bizbiçgen bolsaq edibiçgen bolsaq edif only we had cut out | sizbiçgen bolsağız edibiçgen bolsağız edif only you all had cut out | alabiçgen bolsala edibiçgen bolsalaedif only they had cut out |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menbiçmegen bolsam edibiçmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't cut out | senbiçmegen bolsaŋ edibiçmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't cut out | olbiçmegen bolsa edibiçmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't cut out | bizbiçmegen bolsaq edibiçmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't cut out | sizbiçmegen bolsağız edibiçmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't cut out | alabiçmegen bolsala edibiçmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't cut out |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menbiçer esemif I will cut out | senbiçer eseŋif you will cut out | olbiçer eseif he will cut out | bizbiçer esekif we will cut out | sizbiçer esegizif you all will cut out | alabiçer eseleif they will cut out |
| Conditional, aorist | menbiçmez esemif I won't cut out | senbiçmez eseŋif you won't cut out | olbiçmez eseif he won't cut out | bizbiçmez esekif we won't cut out | sizbiçmez esegizif you all won't cut out | alabiçmez eseleif they won't cut out |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menbiçerik esemif I am going to cut out | senbiçerik eseŋif you are going to cut out | olbiçerik eseif he is going to cut out | bizbiçerik esekif we are going to cut out | sizbiçerik esegizif you all are going to cut out | alabiçerik eseleif they are going to cut out |
| Conditional, future | menbiçerik tül esemif I am not going to cut out | senbiçerik tül eseŋif you are not going to cut out | olbiçerik tül eseif he is not going to cut out | bizbiçerik tül esekif we are not going to cut out | sizbiçerik tül esegizif you all are not going to cut out | alabiçerik tül eseleif they are not going to cut out |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menbiçerik bolsamif I were going to cut out | senbiçerik bolsaŋif you were going to cut out | olbiçerik bolsaif he were going to cut out | bizbiçerik bolsaqif we were going to cut out | sizbiçerik bolsağızif you all were going to cut out | alabiçerik bolsalaif they were going to cut out |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menbiçmezlik bolsamif I were not going to cut out | senbiçmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to cut out | olbiçmezlik bolsaif he were not going to cut out | bizbiçmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to cut out | sizbiçmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to cut out | alabiçmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to cut out |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso biçdiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menbiçe bolurmaI must be cutting out | senbiçe bolursayou must be cutting out | olbiçe bolurhe must be cutting out | bizbiçe bolurbuzwe must be cutting out | sizbiçe bolursuzyou all must be cutting out | alabiçe bolurlathey must be cutting out |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menbiçmey bolurmaI must not be cutting out | senbiçmey bolursayou must not be cutting out | olbiçmey bolurhe must not be cutting out | bizbiçmey bolurbuzwe must not be cutting out | sizbiçmey bolursuzyou all must not be cutting out | alabiçmey bolurlathey must not be cutting out |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menbiçe tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of cutting out | senbiçe tura bolursayou must be in the middle of cutting out | olbiçe tura bolurhe must be in the middle of cutting out | bizbiçe tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of cutting out | sizbiçe tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of cutting out | alabiçe tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of cutting out |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menbiçmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not cutting out | senbiçmey tura bolursayou must keep on not cutting out | olbiçmey tura bolurhe must keep on not cutting out | bizbiçmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not cutting out | sizbiçmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not cutting out | alabiçmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not cutting out |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menbiçgen bolurmaI must have cut out | senbiçgen bolursayou must have cut out | olbiçgen bolurhe must have cut out | bizbiçgen bolurbuzwe must have cut out | sizbiçgen bolursuzyou all must have cut out | alabiçgen bolurlathey must have cut out |
| Inference (must have) | menbiçmegen bolurmaI must not have cut out | senbiçmegen bolursayou must not have cut out | olbiçmegen bolurhe must not have cut out | bizbiçmegen bolurbuzwe must not have cut out | sizbiçmegen bolursuzyou all must not have cut out | alabiçmegen bolurlathey must not have cut out |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menbiçerik bolurmaI must be going to cut out | senbiçerik bolursayou must be going to cut out | olbiçerik bolurhe must be going to cut out | bizbiçerik bolurbuzwe must be going to cut out | sizbiçerik bolursuzyou all must be going to cut out | alabiçerik bolurlathey must be going to cut out |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menbiçmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to cut out | senbiçmezlik bolursayou must not be going to cut out | olbiçmezlik bolurhe must not be going to cut out | bizbiçmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to cut out | sizbiçmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to cut out | alabiçmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to cut out |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menbiçeyimlet me cut out | senbiç!cut out! | olbiçsinlet him cut out | bizbiçeyiklet's cut out | sizbiçigiz!cut out, you all! | alabiçsinlelet them cut out |
| Commands & suggestions | menbiçmeyimlet me not cut out | senbiçme!don't cut out! | olbiçmesinlet him not cut out | bizbiçmeyiklet's not cut out | sizbiçmegiz!don't cut out, you all! | alabiçmesinlelet them not cut out |
| Commands & suggestions | menbiçeyimmi?shall I cut out? | olbiçsinmi?should he cut out? | bizbiçeyikmi?shall we cut out? | alabiçsinlemi?should they cut out? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menbiçmeyimmi?shall I not cut out? | olbiçmesinmi?should he not cut out? | bizbiçmeyikmi?shall we not cut out? | alabiçmesinlemi?should they not cut out? | ||
| Requests | senbiççi2biççinplease cut out | olbiçsinçido let him cut out | sizbiççigizplease cut out (plural/polite) | alabiçsinleçido let them cut out | ||
| Requests | senbiçmeçi2biçmeçinplease don't cut out | olbiçmesinçido let him not cut out | sizbiçmeçigizplease don't cut out (plural/polite) | alabiçmesinleçido let them not cut out | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senbiçginbiçgimay you cut out | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senbiçmeginbiçmegimay you not cut out | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menbiçgey edim biçge edimwould that I cut out | senbiçgey ediŋ biçge ediŋwould that you cut out | olbiçgey edi biçge ediwould that he cut out | bizbiçgey edik biçge edikwould that we cut out | sizbiçgey edigiz biçge edigizwould that you all cut out | alabiçgey edile biçge edilewould that they cut out |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menbiçmegey edim biçmege edimwould that I did not cut out | senbiçmegey ediŋ biçmege ediŋwould that you did not cut out | olbiçmegey edi biçmege ediwould that he did not cut out | bizbiçmegey edik biçmege edikwould that we did not cut out | sizbiçmegey edigiz biçmege edigizwould that you all did not cut out | alabiçmegey edile biçmege edilewould that they did not cut out |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menbiçmege qoyayımbiçme qoyayımlet me allow someone to cut out | senbiçmege qoy!biçme qoy!let someone cut out! | olbiçmege qoysunbiçme qoysunlet him allow someone to cut out | bizbiçmege qoyayıqbiçme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to cut out | sizbiçmege qoyuğuz!biçme qoyuğuz!let someone cut out, you all! | alabiçmege qoysunlabiçme qoysunlalet them allow someone to cut out |
| Let someone… (commands) | menbiçmege qoymayımbiçme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to cut out | senbiçmege qoyma!biçme qoyma!don't let someone cut out! | olbiçmege qoymasınbiçme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to cut out | bizbiçmege qoymayıqbiçme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to cut out | sizbiçmege qoymağız!biçme qoymağız!don't let someone cut out, you all! | alabiçmege qoymasınlabiçme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to cut out |
| Let someone… (commands) | menbiçmege qoyayımmı?biçme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to cut out? | olbiçmege qoysunmu?biçme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to cut out? | bizbiçmege qoyayıqmı?biçme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to cut out? | alabiçmege qoysunlamı?biçme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to cut out? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menbiçmege qoymayımmı?biçme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to cut out? | olbiçmege qoymasınmı?biçme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to cut out? | bizbiçmege qoymayıqmı?biçme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to cut out? | alabiçmege qoymasınlamı?biçme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to cut out? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menbiçmege qoyamabiçme qoyamaI allow someone to cut out | senbiçmege qoyasabiçme qoyasayou allow someone to cut out | olbiçmege qoyadıbiçme qoyadıhe allows someone to cut out | bizbiçmege qoyabızbiçme qoyabızwe allow someone to cut out | sizbiçmege qoyasızbiçme qoyasızyou all allow someone to cut out | alabiçmege qoyadılabiçme qoyadılathey allow someone to cut out |
| Let someone… (present) | menbiçmege qoymaymabiçme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to cut out | senbiçmege qoymaysabiçme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to cut out | olbiçmege qoymaydıbiçme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to cut out | bizbiçmege qoymaybızbiçme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to cut out | sizbiçmege qoymaysızbiçme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to cut out | alabiçmege qoymaydılabiçme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to cut out |
| Let someone… (present) | menbiçmege qoyamamı?biçme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to cut out? | senbiçmege qoyamısa?biçme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to cut out? | olbiçmege qoyamıdı?biçme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to cut out? | bizbiçmege qoyabızmı?biçme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to cut out? | sizbiçmege qoyamısız?biçme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to cut out? | alabiçmege qoyamıdıla?biçme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to cut out? |
| Let someone… (present) | menbiçmege qoymaymamı?biçme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to cut out? | senbiçmege qoymaymısa?biçme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to cut out? | olbiçmege qoymaymıdı?biçme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to cut out? | bizbiçmege qoymaybızmı?biçme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to cut out? | sizbiçmege qoymaymısız?biçme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to cut out? | alabiçmege qoymaymıdıla?biçme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to cut out? |
| Let someone… (past) | menbiçmege qoydumbiçme qoydumI allowed someone to cut out | senbiçmege qoyduŋbiçme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to cut out | olbiçmege qoydubiçme qoyduhe allowed someone to cut out | bizbiçmege qoyduqbiçme qoyduqwe allowed someone to cut out | sizbiçmege qoyduğuzbiçme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to cut out | alabiçmege qoydulabiçme qoydulathey allowed someone to cut out |
| Let someone… (past) | menbiçmege qoymadımbiçme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to cut out | senbiçmege qoymadıŋbiçme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to cut out | olbiçmege qoymadıbiçme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to cut out | bizbiçmege qoymadıqbiçme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to cut out | sizbiçmege qoymadığızbiçme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to cut out | alabiçmege qoymadılabiçme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to cut out |
| Let someone… (past) | menbiçmege qoydummu?biçme qoydummu?did I allow someone to cut out? | senbiçmege qoyduŋmu?biçme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to cut out? | olbiçmege qoydumu?biçme qoydumu?did he allow someone to cut out? | bizbiçmege qoyduqmu?biçme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to cut out? | sizbiçmege qoyduğuzmu?biçme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to cut out? | alabiçmege qoydulamı?biçme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to cut out? |
| Let someone… (past) | menbiçmege qoymadımmı?biçme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to cut out? | senbiçmege qoymadıŋmı?biçme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to cut out? | olbiçmege qoymadımı?biçme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to cut out? | bizbiçmege qoymadıqmı?biçme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to cut out? | sizbiçmege qoymadığızmı?biçme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to cut out? | alabiçmege qoymadılamı?biçme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to cut out? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
biçalırğa be able to cut out · biçalmazğa be unable to cut out
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menbiçalamaI can cut out | senbiçalasayou can cut out | olbiçaladıhe can cut out | bizbiçalabızwe can cut out | sizbiçalasızyou all can cut out | alabiçaladılathey can cut out |
| Ability — present | menbiçalmaymaI can't cut out | senbiçalmaysayou can't cut out | olbiçalmaydıhe can't cut out | bizbiçalmaybızwe can't cut out | sizbiçalmaysızyou all can't cut out | alabiçalmaydılathey can't cut out |
| Ability — present | menbiçalamamı? biçalamıma?can I cut out? | senbiçalamısa?can you cut out? | olbiçalamıdı?can he cut out? | bizbiçalabızmı? biçalamıbız?can we cut out? | sizbiçalamısız?can you all cut out? | alabiçalamıdıla?can they cut out? |
| Ability — present | menbiçalmaymamı? biçalmaymıma?can't I cut out? | senbiçalmaymısa?can't you cut out? | olbiçalmaymıdı?can't he cut out? | bizbiçalmaybızmı? biçalmaymıbız?can't we cut out? | sizbiçalmaymısız?can't you all cut out? | alabiçalmaymıdıla?can't they cut out? |
| Ability — if I can… | menbiçalsamif I can cut out | senbiçalsaŋif you can cut out | olbiçalsaif he can cut out | bizbiçalsaqif we can cut out | sizbiçalsağızif you all can cut out | alabiçalsalaif they can cut out |
| Ability — if I can… | menbiçalmasamif I can't cut out | senbiçalmasaŋif you can't cut out | olbiçalmasaif he can't cut out | bizbiçalmasaqif we can't cut out | sizbiçalmasağızif you all can't cut out | alabiçalmasalaif they can't cut out |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menbiçaldımI was able to cut out | senbiçaldıŋyou were able to cut out | olbiçaldıhe was able to cut out | bizbiçaldıqwe were able to cut out | sizbiçaldığızyou all were able to cut out | alabiçaldılathey were able to cut out |
| Ability — simple past | menbiçalmadımI could not cut out | senbiçalmadıŋyou could not cut out | olbiçalmadıhe could not cut out | bizbiçalmadıqwe could not cut out | sizbiçalmadığızyou all could not cut out | alabiçalmadılathey could not cut out |
| Ability — simple past | menbiçaldımmı?was I able to cut out? | senbiçaldıŋmı?were you able to cut out? | olbiçaldımı?was he able to cut out? | bizbiçaldıqmı?were we able to cut out? | sizbiçaldığızmı?were you all able to cut out? | alabiçaldılamı?were they able to cut out? |
| Ability — simple past | menbiçalmadımmı?couldn't I cut out? | senbiçalmadıŋmı?couldn't you cut out? | olbiçalmadımı?couldn't he cut out? | bizbiçalmadıqmı?couldn't we cut out? | sizbiçalmadığızmı?couldn't you all cut out? | alabiçalmadılamı?couldn't they cut out? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbiçalğanmaI have been able to cut out | senbiçalğansayou have been able to cut out | olbiçalğandıhe has been able to cut out | bizbiçalğanbızwe have been able to cut out | sizbiçalğansızyou all have been able to cut out | alabiçalğandılathey have been able to cut out |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbiçalmağanmaI haven't been able to cut out | senbiçalmağansayou haven't been able to cut out | olbiçalmağandıhe hasn't been able to cut out | bizbiçalmağanbızwe haven't been able to cut out | sizbiçalmağansızyou all haven't been able to cut out | alabiçalmağandılathey haven't been able to cut out |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbiçalğanmamı? biçalğanmıma?have I been able to cut out? | senbiçalğanmısa?have you been able to cut out? | olbiçalğanmıdı?has he been able to cut out? | bizbiçalğanbızmı? biçalğanmıbız?have we been able to cut out? | sizbiçalğanmısız?have you all been able to cut out? | alabiçalğanmıdıla?have they been able to cut out? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menbiçalmağanmamı? biçalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to cut out? | senbiçalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to cut out? | olbiçalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to cut out? | bizbiçalmağanbızmı? biçalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to cut out? | sizbiçalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to cut out? | alabiçalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to cut out? |
| Ability — past perfect | menbiçalğan edimbiçalğanemI had been able to cut out | senbiçalğan ediŋbiçalğaneŋyou had been able to cut out | olbiçalğan edibiçalğanedhe had been able to cut out | bizbiçalğan edikbiçalğanekwe had been able to cut out | sizbiçalğan edigizbiçalğanegizyou all had been able to cut out | alabiçalğan edilebiçalğanellethey had been able to cut out |
| Ability — past perfect | menbiçalmağan edimbiçalmağanemI hadn't been able to cut out | senbiçalmağan ediŋbiçalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to cut out | olbiçalmağan edibiçalmağanedhe hadn't been able to cut out | bizbiçalmağan edikbiçalmağanekwe hadn't been able to cut out | sizbiçalmağan edigizbiçalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to cut out | alabiçalmağan edilebiçalmağanellethey hadn't been able to cut out |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menbiçala edimbiçalaemI could cut out | senbiçala ediŋbiçalaeŋyou could cut out | olbiçala edibiçalaedhe could cut out | bizbiçala edikbiçalaekwe could cut out | sizbiçala edigizbiçalaegizyou all could cut out | alabiçala edilebiçalaellethey could cut out |
| Ability — past background | menbiçalmay edimbiçalmayemI could not cut out | senbiçalmay ediŋbiçalmayeŋyou could not cut out | olbiçalmay edibiçalmayedhe could not cut out | bizbiçalmay edikbiçalmayekwe could not cut out | sizbiçalmay edigizbiçalmayegizyou all could not cut out | alabiçalmay edilebiçalmayellethey could not cut out |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menbiçalırmaI will be able to cut out | senbiçalırsayou will be able to cut out | olbiçalırhe will be able to cut out | bizbiçalırbızwe will be able to cut out | sizbiçalırsızyou all will be able to cut out | alabiçalırlathey will be able to cut out |
| Ability — future I | menbiçalmazmaI won't be able to cut out | senbiçalmazsayou won't be able to cut out | olbiçalmazhe won't be able to cut out | bizbiçalmazbızwe won't be able to cut out | sizbiçalmazsızyou all won't be able to cut out | alabiçalmazlathey won't be able to cut out |
| Ability — future I | menbiçalırmamı? biçalırmıma?will I be able to cut out? | senbiçalırmısa?will you be able to cut out? | olbiçalırmı?will he be able to cut out? | bizbiçalırbızmı? biçalırmıbız?will we be able to cut out? | sizbiçalırmısız?will you all be able to cut out? | alabiçalırlamı? biçalırmıla?will they be able to cut out? |
| Ability — future I | menbiçalmazmamı? biçalmazmıma?won't I be able to cut out? | senbiçalmazmısa?won't you be able to cut out? | olbiçalmazmı?won't he be able to cut out? | bizbiçalmazbızmı? biçalmazmıbız?won't we be able to cut out? | sizbiçalmazmısız?won't you all be able to cut out? | alabiçalmazlamı? biçalmazmıla?won't they be able to cut out? |
| Ability — future II | menbiçallıqmaI am going to be able to cut out | senbiçallıqsayou are going to be able to cut out | olbiçallıqdıhe is going to be able to cut out | bizbiçallıqbızwe are going to be able to cut out | sizbiçallıqsızyou all are going to be able to cut out | alabiçallıqdılathey are going to be able to cut out |
| Ability — future II | menbiçallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to cut out | senbiçallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to cut out | olbiçallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to cut out | bizbiçallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to cut out | sizbiçallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to cut out | alabiçallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to cut out |
| Ability — future II | menbiçallıqmamı? biçallıqmıma?am I going to be able to cut out? | senbiçallıqmısa?are you going to be able to cut out? | olbiçallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to cut out? | bizbiçallıqbızmı? biçallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to cut out? | sizbiçallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to cut out? | alabiçallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to cut out? |
| Ability — future II | menbiçallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to cut out? | senbiçallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to cut out? | olbiçallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to cut out? | bizbiçallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to cut out? | sizbiçallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to cut out? | alabiçallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to cut out? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menbiçalır edimbiçalır emI would be able to cut out | senbiçalır ediŋbiçalır eŋyou would be able to cut out | olbiçalır edibiçalır edhe would be able to cut out | bizbiçalır edikbiçalır ekwe would be able to cut out | sizbiçalır edigizbiçalır egizyou all would be able to cut out | alabiçalır edilebiçalır ellethey would be able to cut out |
| Ability — would be able to… | menbiçalmaz edimbiçalmaz emI wouldn't be able to cut out | senbiçalmaz ediŋbiçalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to cut out | olbiçalmaz edibiçalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to cut out | bizbiçalmaz edikbiçalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to cut out | sizbiçalmaz edigizbiçalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to cut out | alabiçalmaz edilebiçalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to cut out |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senbiçalğınbiçalğımay you be able to cut out | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senbiçalmağınbiçalmağımay you not be able to cut out | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menbiçerge izleymeI want to cut out | senbiçerge izleyseyou want to cut out | olbiçerge izleydihe wants to cut out | bizbiçerge izleybizwe want to cut out | sizbiçerge izleysizyou all want to cut out | alabiçerge izleydilethey want to cut out |
| want to | menbiçerge izlemeymeI do not want to cut out | senbiçerge izlemeyseyou do not want to cut out | olbiçerge izlemeydihe does not want to cut out | bizbiçerge izlemeybizwe do not want to cut out | sizbiçerge izlemeysizyou all do not want to cut out | alabiçerge izlemeydilethey do not want to cut out |
| would like to | menbiçerge süemeI would like to cut out | senbiçerge süeseyou would like to cut out | olbiçerge süedihe would like to cut out | bizbiçerge süebizwe would like to cut out | sizbiçerge süesizyou all would like to cut out | alabiçerge süedilethey would like to cut out |
| would like to | menbiçerge süymeymeI would not like to cut out | senbiçerge süymeyseyou would not like to cut out | olbiçerge süymeydihe would not like to cut out | bizbiçerge süymeybizwe would not like to cut out | sizbiçerge süymeysizyou all would not like to cut out | alabiçerge süymeydilethey would not like to cut out |
| hope to | menbiçerge umutlanamaI hope to cut out | senbiçerge umutlanasayou hope to cut out | olbiçerge umutlanadıhe hopes to cut out | bizbiçerge umutlanabızwe hope to cut out | sizbiçerge umutlanasızyou all hope to cut out | alabiçerge umutlanadılathey hope to cut out |
| hope to | menbiçerge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to cut out | senbiçerge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to cut out | olbiçerge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to cut out | bizbiçerge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to cut out | sizbiçerge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to cut out | alabiçerge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to cut out |
| be about to | menbiçerge deb turamaI am about to cut out | senbiçerge deb turasayou are about to cut out | olbiçerge deb turadıhe is about to cut out | bizbiçerge deb turabızwe are about to cut out | sizbiçerge deb turasızyou all are about to cut out | alabiçerge deb turadılathey are about to cut out |
| be about to | menbiçerge deb turmaymaI am not about to cut out | senbiçerge deb turmaysayou are not about to cut out | olbiçerge deb turmaydıhe is not about to cut out | bizbiçerge deb turmaybızwe are not about to cut out | sizbiçerge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to cut out | alabiçerge deb turmaydılathey are not about to cut out |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menbiçerge kerekmeI need to cut out | senbiçerge kerekseyou need to cut out | olbiçerge kerekdihe needs to cut out | bizbiçerge kerekbizwe need to cut out | sizbiçerge kereksizyou all need to cut out | alabiçerge kerekdilethey need to cut out |
| need to | menbiçerge kerek tülmeI do not need to cut out | senbiçerge kerek tülseyou do not need to cut out | olbiçerge kerek tüldühe does not need to cut out | bizbiçerge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to cut out | sizbiçerge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to cut out | alabiçerge kerek tüldülethey do not need to cut out |
| have to | menmenŋe biçerge tüşediI have to cut out | sensenŋe biçerge tüşediyou have to cut out | olaŋa biçerge tüşedihe has to cut out | bizbizge biçerge tüşediwe have to cut out | sizsizge biçerge tüşediyou all have to cut out | alaalağa biçerge tüşedithey have to cut out |
| have to | menmenŋe biçerge tüşmeydiI do not have to cut out | sensenŋe biçerge tüşmeydiyou do not have to cut out | olaŋa biçerge tüşmeydihe does not have to cut out | bizbizge biçerge tüşmeydiwe do not have to cut out | sizsizge biçerge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to cut out | alaalağa biçerge tüşmeydithey do not have to cut out |
| be obliged to | menbiçerge borçlumaI am obliged to cut out | senbiçerge borçlusayou are obliged to cut out | olbiçerge borçluduhe is obliged to cut out | bizbiçerge borçlubuzwe are obliged to cut out | sizbiçerge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to cut out | alabiçerge borçludulathey are obliged to cut out |
| be obliged to | menbiçerge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to cut out | senbiçerge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to cut out | olbiçerge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to cut out | bizbiçerge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to cut out | sizbiçerge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to cut out | alabiçerge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to cut out |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menbiçerge madarım bardıI have a way to cut out | senbiçerge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to cut out | olbiçerge madarı bardıhe has a way to cut out | bizbiçerge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to cut out | sizbiçerge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to cut out | alabiçerge madarları bardıthey have a way to cut out |
| have a way to | menbiçerge madarım joqduI have no way to cut out | senbiçerge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to cut out | olbiçerge madarı joqduhe has no way to cut out | bizbiçerge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to cut out | sizbiçerge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to cut out | alabiçerge madarları joqduthey have no way to cut out |
| be free to | menbiçerge erkinligim bardıI am free to cut out | senbiçerge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to cut out | olbiçerge erkinligi bardıhe is free to cut out | bizbiçerge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to cut out | sizbiçerge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to cut out | alabiçerge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to cut out |
| be free to | menbiçerge erkinligim joqduI am not free to cut out | senbiçerge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to cut out | olbiçerge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to cut out | bizbiçerge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to cut out | sizbiçerge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to cut out | alabiçerge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to cut out |
| be possible to | menmenŋe biçerge bolluqduit is possible for me to cut out | sensenŋe biçerge bolluqduit is possible for you to cut out | olaŋa biçerge bolluqduit is possible for him to cut out | bizbizge biçerge bolluqduit is possible for us to cut out | sizsizge biçerge bolluqduit is possible for you all to cut out | alaalağa biçerge bolluqduit is possible for them to cut out |
| be possible to | menmenŋe biçerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to cut out | sensenŋe biçerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to cut out | olaŋa biçerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to cut out | bizbizge biçerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to cut out | sizsizge biçerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to cut out | alaalağa biçerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to cut out |
| be ready to | menbiçerge hazırmaI am ready to cut out | senbiçerge hazırsayou are ready to cut out | olbiçerge hazırdıhe is ready to cut out | bizbiçerge hazırbızwe are ready to cut out | sizbiçerge hazırsızyou all are ready to cut out | alabiçerge hazırdılathey are ready to cut out |
| be ready to | menbiçerge hazır tülmeI am not ready to cut out | senbiçerge hazır tülseyou are not ready to cut out | olbiçerge hazır tüldühe is not ready to cut out | bizbiçerge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to cut out | sizbiçerge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to cut out | alabiçerge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to cut out |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menbiçerge küreşemeI am trying to cut out | senbiçerge küreşeseyou are trying to cut out | olbiçerge küreşedihe is trying to cut out | bizbiçerge küreşebizwe are trying to cut out | sizbiçerge küreşesizyou all are trying to cut out | alabiçerge küreşedilethey are trying to cut out |
| try to | menbiçerge küreşmeymeI am not trying to cut out | senbiçerge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to cut out | olbiçerge küreşmeydihe is not trying to cut out | bizbiçerge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to cut out | sizbiçerge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to cut out | alabiçerge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to cut out |
| agree to | menbiçerge unaymaI agree to cut out | senbiçerge unaysayou agree to cut out | olbiçerge unaydıhe agrees to cut out | bizbiçerge unaybızwe agree to cut out | sizbiçerge unaysızyou all agree to cut out | alabiçerge unaydılathey agree to cut out |
| agree to | menbiçerge unamaymaI refuse to cut out | senbiçerge unamaysayou refuse to cut out | olbiçerge unamaydıhe refuses to cut out | bizbiçerge unamaybızwe refuse to cut out | sizbiçerge unamaysızyou all refuse to cut out | alabiçerge unamaydılathey refuse to cut out |
| hurry to | menbiçerge aşığamaI am in a hurry to cut out | senbiçerge aşığasayou are in a hurry to cut out | olbiçerge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to cut out | bizbiçerge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to cut out | sizbiçerge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to cut out | alabiçerge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to cut out |
| hurry to | menbiçerge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to cut out | senbiçerge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to cut out | olbiçerge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to cut out | bizbiçerge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to cut out | sizbiçerge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to cut out | alabiçerge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to cut out |
| be afraid to | menbiçerge qorqamaI am afraid to cut out | senbiçerge qorqasayou are afraid to cut out | olbiçerge qorqadıhe is afraid to cut out | bizbiçerge qorqabızwe are afraid to cut out | sizbiçerge qorqasızyou all are afraid to cut out | alabiçerge qorqadılathey are afraid to cut out |
| be afraid to | menbiçerge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to cut out | senbiçerge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to cut out | olbiçerge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to cut out | bizbiçerge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to cut out | sizbiçerge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to cut out | alabiçerge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to cut out |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menbiçe bolmazmaI can't be cutting out | senbiçe bolmazsayou can't be cutting out | olbiçe bolmazhe can't be cutting out | bizbiçe bolmazbızwe can't be cutting out | sizbiçe bolmazsızyou all can't be cutting out | alabiçe bolmazlathey can't be cutting out |
| Inference, present — double negation | menbiçmey bolmazmaI must be cutting out (emphatic) | senbiçmey bolmazsayou must be cutting out (emphatic) | olbiçmey bolmazhe must be cutting out (emphatic) | bizbiçmey bolmazbızwe must be cutting out (emphatic) | sizbiçmey bolmazsızyou all must be cutting out (emphatic) | alabiçmey bolmazlathey must be cutting out (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menbiçe turmasamif I don't keep cutting out | senbiçe turmasaŋif you don't keep cutting out | olbiçe turmasaif he doesn't keep cutting out | bizbiçe turmasaqif we don't keep cutting out | sizbiçe turmasağızif you all don't keep cutting out | alabiçe turmasalaif they don't keep cutting out |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menbiçe tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of cutting out | senbiçe tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of cutting out | olbiçe tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of cutting out | bizbiçe tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of cutting out | sizbiçe tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of cutting out | alabiçe tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of cutting out |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menbiçmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not cutting out (emphatic) | senbiçmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not cutting out (emphatic) | olbiçmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not cutting out (emphatic) | bizbiçmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not cutting out (emphatic) | sizbiçmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not cutting out (emphatic) | alabiçmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not cutting out (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menbiçmey turamaI keep on not cutting out | senbiçmey turasayou keep on not cutting out | olbiçmey turadıhe keeps on not cutting out | bizbiçmey turabızwe keep on not cutting out | sizbiçmey turasızyou all keep on not cutting out | alabiçmey turadılathey keep on not cutting out |
| Progressive — double negation | menbiçmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not cutting out | senbiçmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not cutting out | olbiçmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not cutting out | bizbiçmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not cutting out | sizbiçmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not cutting out | alabiçmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not cutting out |
| Progressive — double negation | menbiçmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not cutting out? | senbiçmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not cutting out? | olbiçmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not cutting out? | bizbiçmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not cutting out? | sizbiçmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not cutting out? | alabiçmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not cutting out? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menbiçgen bolmazmaI can't have cut out | senbiçgen bolmazsayou can't have cut out | olbiçgen bolmazhe can't have cut out | bizbiçgen bolmazbızwe can't have cut out | sizbiçgen bolmazsızyou all can't have cut out | alabiçgen bolmazlathey can't have cut out |
| Inference — double negation | menbiçmegen bolmazmaI must have cut out (emphatic) | senbiçmegen bolmazsayou must have cut out (emphatic) | olbiçmegen bolmazhe must have cut out (emphatic) | bizbiçmegen bolmazbızwe must have cut out (emphatic) | sizbiçmegen bolmazsızyou all must have cut out (emphatic) | alabiçmegen bolmazlathey must have cut out (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menbiçgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had cut out | senbiçgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had cut out | olbiçgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had cut out | bizbiçgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had cut out | sizbiçgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had cut out | alabiçgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had cut out |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menbiçmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't cut out | senbiçmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't cut out | olbiçmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't cut out | bizbiçmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't cut out | sizbiçmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't cut out | alabiçmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't cut out |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menbiçerik bolmazmaI can't be going to cut out | senbiçerik bolmazsayou can't be going to cut out | olbiçerik bolmazhe can't be going to cut out | bizbiçerik bolmazbızwe can't be going to cut out | sizbiçerik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to cut out | alabiçerik bolmazlathey can't be going to cut out |
| Inference, future — double negation | menbiçmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to cut out (emphatic) | senbiçmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to cut out (emphatic) | olbiçmezlik bolmazhe must be going to cut out (emphatic) | bizbiçmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to cut out (emphatic) | sizbiçmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to cut out (emphatic) | alabiçmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to cut out (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menbiçerik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to cut out | senbiçerik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to cut out | olbiçerik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to cut out | bizbiçerik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to cut out | sizbiçerik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to cut out | alabiçerik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to cut out |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menbiçmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to cut out | senbiçmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to cut out | olbiçmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to cut out | bizbiçmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to cut out | sizbiçmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to cut out | alabiçmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to cut out |