bitgen
/bitɡen/ · plural bitgenle
past participle of biterge →
1. finished, completed, terminated, settled
- bitgen iş — finished work
- bitgen işge büsürew beriledi — approval is accorded to completed work
- bitgen daw törede qabıl boldu — the settled dispute was confirmed in council
2. grown, sprouted, produced by nature
- sabanda bitgen buday sarğaydı — the wheat grown in the field turned golden
- qayadan bitgen terek — a tree grown out of the rock
- jerden bitgen bereket — bounty grown from the earth
- injirle bitgen terek — a tree on which figs have grown
3. boil, furuncle, skin abscess
- bitgen çıqğandı — a boil has come up
- anı boynunda ullu bitgen çıqğandı — a big boil has come up on his neck
- jaşnı jelkesinde bitgeni buzulğandı — the boil on the boy's nape has burst
- suwuq çabhandan bitgenle çıqğandıla — boils appeared from catching cold
- bitgenim buzuldu — my boil burst
4. well-built, strapping, sturdy (of a person's build)
- bitgen jaş — a strapping young man
- ariw bitgen sanla — a beautifully built body
- bitgenine söz joqdu — he is well built, no doubt about it
5. fertile, productive, fruit-bearing (of land, trees)
- bitgen terek — a fruit-bearing tree
- igi bitgen jer — fertile land
- qolaysız bitgen jer — unproductive land
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | bitgenthe boil | bitgenimmy boil | bitgeniŋyour boil | bitgenihis boil | bitgenibizour boil | bitgenigizyou all's boil | bitgenleritheir boils |
| Genitive | bitgennithe boil's | bitgenimimy boil's | bitgeniŋiyour boil's | bitgeninihis boil's | bitgenibizniour boil's | bitgenigizniyou all's boil's | bitgenlerinitheir boils' |
| Accusative | bitgennithe boil (as the object) | bitgenimimy boil (as the object) | bitgeniŋiyour boil (as the object) | bitgeninhis boil (as the object) | bitgenibizniour boil (as the object) | bitgenigizniyou all's boil (as the object) | bitgenlerintheir boils (as the object) |
| Dative | bitgenŋeto the boil | bitgenimeto my boil | bitgeniŋeto your boil | bitgenineto his boil | bitgenibizgeto our boil | bitgenigizgeto you all's boil | bitgenlerineto their boils |
| Locative | bitgendein / at the boil | bitgenimdein / at my boil | bitgeniŋdein / at your boil | bitgenindein / at his boil | bitgenibizdein / at our boil | bitgenigizdein / at you all's boil | bitgenlerindein / at their boils |
| Ablative | bitgendenfrom the boil | bitgenimdenfrom my boil | bitgeniŋdenfrom your boil | bitgenindenfrom his boil | bitgenibizdenfrom our boil | bitgenigizdenfrom you all's boil | bitgenlerindenfrom their boils |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | bitgenlethe boils | bitgenlerimmy boils | bitgenleriŋyour boils | bitgenlerihis boils | bitgenleribizour boils | bitgenlerigizyou all's boils | bitgenleritheir boils |
| Genitive | bitgenlenithe boils' | bitgenlerimimy boils' | bitgenleriŋiyour boils' | bitgenlerinihis boils' | bitgenleribizniour boils' | bitgenlerigizniyou all's boils' | bitgenlerinitheir boils' |
| Accusative | bitgenlenithe boils (as the object) | bitgenlerimimy boils (as the object) | bitgenleriŋiyour boils (as the object) | bitgenlerinhis boils (as the object) | bitgenleribizniour boils (as the object) | bitgenlerigizniyou all's boils (as the object) | bitgenlerintheir boils (as the object) |
| Dative | bitgenlegeto the boils | bitgenlerimeto my boils | bitgenleriŋeto your boils | bitgenlerineto his boils | bitgenleribizgeto our boils | bitgenlerigizgeto you all's boils | bitgenlerineto their boils |
| Locative | bitgenledein / at the boils | bitgenlerimdein / at my boils | bitgenleriŋdein / at your boils | bitgenlerindein / at his boils | bitgenleribizdein / at our boils | bitgenlerigizdein / at you all's boils | bitgenlerindein / at their boils |
| Ablative | bitgenledenfrom the boils | bitgenlerimdenfrom my boils | bitgenleriŋdenfrom your boils | bitgenlerindenfrom his boils | bitgenleribizdenfrom our boils | bitgenlerigizdenfrom you all's boils | bitgenlerindenfrom their boils |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: bitgenleri can mean "his / her boils", "their boil", or "their boils" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
Which reading? Look at what follows.
| bitgen + noun | the one who grows (the noun is the doer) |
|---|---|
| bitgeni, nothing after | someone's growing |
| bitgeni under bilirge, körürge | that someone grows |
Cases with an owner
The endings on bitgeni, the form with a third-person owner. Every other owner takes the same six.
| nominative | bitgenihis / her having grown |
|---|---|
| genitive | bitgeninihis / her having grown's |
| accusative | bitgeninhis / her having grown |
| dative | bitgenineto his / her having grown |
| locative | bitgenindewhen he / she grew |
| ablative | bitgenindenafter he / she grew |
Negative
| the negative | bitmegenthe one that didn't grow |
|---|---|
| his / her | bitmegenihis / her not having grown |