appa
/appa/
Definition
grandfather, the father of one's father or mother
- appa törde olturadı — grandfather sits in the seat of honour
- appanı alğışı — grandfather's blessing
- appağa namıs etgen jaş — a young man who honours his grandfather
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or .Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | appathe grandfather | appalathe grandfathers | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | appanıthe grandfather's | appalanıthe grandfathers' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | appanıthe grandfather (as the object) | appalanıthe grandfathers (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | appağato the grandfather | appalağato the grandfathers | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | appadaat / in the grandfather | appaladaat / in the grandfathers | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | appadanfrom the grandfather | appaladanfrom the grandfathers | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | appammy grandfather | appalarımmy grandfathers |
| your | appangyour grandfather | appalarıngyour grandfathers |
| his / her | appasıhis / her grandfather | appalarıhis / her grandfathers |
| our | appabızour grandfather | appalarıbızour grandfathers |
| you all's | appağızyou all's grandfather | appalarığızyou all's grandfathers |
| their | appalarıtheir grandfather | appalarıtheir grandfathers |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: appaları can mean "his / her grandfathers", "their grandfather", or "their grandfathers" — context decides.