alma
/alma/ · plural almala
1. apple — Before another noun it means made from apples, as in alma suw "apple juice".
- qızıl alma — a red apple
- men alma aşayma — I am eating an apple
- bişgen alma tatlıdı — a ripe apple is sweet
- alma suw — apple juice
- qış alma — a winter apple
- tuzlanŋan almala — pickled apples
2. apple tree
- baçhada alma terek bar — there is an apple tree in the garden
- alma terek baçha — an apple orchard
- alma terekde kertme bitmez — pears do not grow on an apple tree
Expressions
- qızıl almağa taş atarğa süygen — envious slanderer
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | almathe apple | almammy apple | almaŋyour apple | almasıhis apple | almabızour apple | almağızyou all's apple | almalarıtheir apples |
| Genitive | almanıthe apple's | almamımy apple's | almaŋıyour apple's | almasınıhis apple's | almabıznıour apple's | almağıznıyou all's apple's | almalarınıtheir apples' |
| Accusative | almanıthe apple (as the object) | almamımy apple (as the object) | almaŋıyour apple (as the object) | almasınhis apple (as the object) | almabıznıour apple (as the object) | almağıznıyou all's apple (as the object) | almalarıntheir apples (as the object) |
| Dative | almağato the apple | almamato my apple | almaŋato your apple | almasınato his apple | almabızğato our apple | almağızğato you all's apple | almalarınato their apples |
| Locative | almadain / at the apple | almamdain / at my apple | almaŋdain / at your apple | almasındain / at his apple | almabızdain / at our apple | almağızdain / at you all's apple | almalarındain / at their apples |
| Ablative | almadanfrom the apple | almamdanfrom my apple | almaŋdanfrom your apple | almasındanfrom his apple | almabızdanfrom our apple | almağızdanfrom you all's apple | almalarındanfrom their apples |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | almalathe apples | almalarımmy apples | almalarıŋyour apples | almalarıhis apples | almalarıbızour apples | almalarığızyou all's apples | almalarıtheir apples |
| Genitive | almalanıthe apples' | almalarımımy apples' | almalarıŋıyour apples' | almalarınıhis apples' | almalarıbıznıour apples' | almalarığıznıyou all's apples' | almalarınıtheir apples' |
| Accusative | almalanıthe apples (as the object) | almalarımımy apples (as the object) | almalarıŋıyour apples (as the object) | almalarınhis apples (as the object) | almalarıbıznıour apples (as the object) | almalarığıznıyou all's apples (as the object) | almalarıntheir apples (as the object) |
| Dative | almalağato the apples | almalarımato my apples | almalarıŋato your apples | almalarınato his apples | almalarıbızğato our apples | almalarığızğato you all's apples | almalarınato their apples |
| Locative | almaladain / at the apples | almalarımdain / at my apples | almalarıŋdain / at your apples | almalarındain / at his apples | almalarıbızdain / at our apples | almalarığızdain / at you all's apples | almalarındain / at their apples |
| Ablative | almaladanfrom the apples | almalarımdanfrom my apples | almalarıŋdanfrom your apples | almalarındanfrom his apples | almalarıbızdanfrom our apples | almalarığızdanfrom you all's apples | almalarındanfrom their apples |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: almaları can mean "his / her apples", "their apple", or "their apples" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.