şpargalka
/ʃparɡalka/ · plural şpargalkala
crib sheet, cheat sheet — A slip of paper or small notebook with notes that a pupil secretly consults when answering a teacher's questions.
- şpargalka jazdım — I wrote a cheat sheet
- ustaz şpargalkanı tabdı — the teacher found the cheat sheet
- şpargalkağa qarama! — don't look at the cheat sheet!
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | şpargalkathe crib sheet | şpargalkammy crib sheet | şpargalkaŋyour crib sheet | şpargalkasıhis crib sheet | şpargalkabızour crib sheet | şpargalkağızyou all's crib sheet | şpargalkalarıtheir crib sheets |
| Genitive | şpargalkanıthe crib sheet's | şpargalkamımy crib sheet's | şpargalkaŋıyour crib sheet's | şpargalkasınıhis crib sheet's | şpargalkabıznıour crib sheet's | şpargalkağıznıyou all's crib sheet's | şpargalkalarınıtheir crib sheets' |
| Accusative | şpargalkanıthe crib sheet (as the object) | şpargalkamımy crib sheet (as the object) | şpargalkaŋıyour crib sheet (as the object) | şpargalkasınhis crib sheet (as the object) | şpargalkabıznıour crib sheet (as the object) | şpargalkağıznıyou all's crib sheet (as the object) | şpargalkalarıntheir crib sheets (as the object) |
| Dative | şpargalkağato the crib sheet | şpargalkamato my crib sheet | şpargalkaŋato your crib sheet | şpargalkasınato his crib sheet | şpargalkabızğato our crib sheet | şpargalkağızğato you all's crib sheet | şpargalkalarınato their crib sheets |
| Locative | şpargalkadain / at the crib sheet | şpargalkamdain / at my crib sheet | şpargalkaŋdain / at your crib sheet | şpargalkasındain / at his crib sheet | şpargalkabızdain / at our crib sheet | şpargalkağızdain / at you all's crib sheet | şpargalkalarındain / at their crib sheets |
| Ablative | şpargalkadanfrom the crib sheet | şpargalkamdanfrom my crib sheet | şpargalkaŋdanfrom your crib sheet | şpargalkasındanfrom his crib sheet | şpargalkabızdanfrom our crib sheet | şpargalkağızdanfrom you all's crib sheet | şpargalkalarındanfrom their crib sheets |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | şpargalkalathe crib sheets | şpargalkalarımmy crib sheets | şpargalkalarıŋyour crib sheets | şpargalkalarıhis crib sheets | şpargalkalarıbızour crib sheets | şpargalkalarığızyou all's crib sheets | şpargalkalarıtheir crib sheets |
| Genitive | şpargalkalanıthe crib sheets' | şpargalkalarımımy crib sheets' | şpargalkalarıŋıyour crib sheets' | şpargalkalarınıhis crib sheets' | şpargalkalarıbıznıour crib sheets' | şpargalkalarığıznıyou all's crib sheets' | şpargalkalarınıtheir crib sheets' |
| Accusative | şpargalkalanıthe crib sheets (as the object) | şpargalkalarımımy crib sheets (as the object) | şpargalkalarıŋıyour crib sheets (as the object) | şpargalkalarınhis crib sheets (as the object) | şpargalkalarıbıznıour crib sheets (as the object) | şpargalkalarığıznıyou all's crib sheets (as the object) | şpargalkalarıntheir crib sheets (as the object) |
| Dative | şpargalkalağato the crib sheets | şpargalkalarımato my crib sheets | şpargalkalarıŋato your crib sheets | şpargalkalarınato his crib sheets | şpargalkalarıbızğato our crib sheets | şpargalkalarığızğato you all's crib sheets | şpargalkalarınato their crib sheets |
| Locative | şpargalkaladain / at the crib sheets | şpargalkalarımdain / at my crib sheets | şpargalkalarıŋdain / at your crib sheets | şpargalkalarındain / at his crib sheets | şpargalkalarıbızdain / at our crib sheets | şpargalkalarığızdain / at you all's crib sheets | şpargalkalarındain / at their crib sheets |
| Ablative | şpargalkaladanfrom the crib sheets | şpargalkalarımdanfrom my crib sheets | şpargalkalarıŋdanfrom your crib sheets | şpargalkalarındanfrom his crib sheets | şpargalkalarıbızdanfrom our crib sheets | şpargalkalarığızdanfrom you all's crib sheets | şpargalkalarındanfrom their crib sheets |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: şpargalkaları can mean "his / her crib sheets", "their crib sheet", or "their crib sheets" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.