çoçurğa
/tʃotʃurʁa/
1. kick, lash out with the hind legs — Said of hoofed animals such as horses, donkeys and cows.
- at çoçudu — the horse kicked
- at çoçuydu — the horse kicks
- bu at çoçumaydı — this horse does not kick
- iynekle çibinleden bek çoçudula — the cows kicked hard because of the flies
- iynek çoçub turadı — the cow keeps lashing out
- eşek, çoçub, qatına adamnı qoymaydı — the donkey, kicking, does not let anyone near it
- çoçumağan atha minerge — to mount a horse that does not kick
2. get angry, flare up, lose one's temper
- ol terk çoçuydu — he gets angry quickly
- sözlerime bek çoçudu — he got very angry at my words
- jaş, ol haparnı eşitgenley, çoçudu — the young man flared up as soon as he heard that news
- siz boş çoçuysuz — you are getting angry for nothing
- çoçub qalma — do not get angry
- jaş çoçub tebredi — the young man began to flare up
Conjugation
Common forms
- çoçuyduhe is kicking
- çoçuduhe kicked
- çoçuğandıhe has kicked
- çoçurhe will kick
- çoçuruqduhe is going to kick
- çoçuy edihe was kicking
- çoçusaif he kicks
- çoçu!kick!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mençoçuymaI am kicking | sençoçuysayou are kicking | olçoçuyduhe is kicking | bizçoçuybuzwe are kicking | sizçoçuysuzyou all are kicking | alaçoçuydulathey are kicking |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mençoçumaymaI am not kicking | sençoçumaysayou are not kicking | olçoçumaydıhe is not kicking | bizçoçumaybızwe are not kicking | sizçoçumaysızyou all are not kicking | alaçoçumaydılathey are not kicking |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mençoçuymamı? çoçuymuma?am I kicking? | sençoçuymusa?are you kicking? | olçoçuymudu?is he kicking? | bizçoçuybuzmu? çoçuymubuz?are we kicking? | sizçoçuymusuz?are you all kicking? | alaçoçuymudula?are they kicking? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mençoçumaymamı? çoçumaymıma?aren't I kicking? | sençoçumaymısa?aren't you kicking? | olçoçumaymıdı?isn't he kicking? | bizçoçumaybızmı? çoçumaymıbız?aren't we kicking? | sizçoçumaymısız?aren't you all kicking? | alaçoçumaymıdıla?aren't they kicking? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mençoçuwçanmaI usually kick | sençoçuwçansayou usually kick | olçoçuwçandıhe usually kicks | bizçoçuwçanbızwe usually kick | sizçoçuwçansızyou all usually kick | alaçoçuwçandılathey usually kick |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mençoçumawçanmaI usually don't kick | sençoçumawçansayou usually don't kick | olçoçumawçandıhe usually doesn't kick | bizçoçumawçanbızwe usually don't kick | sizçoçumawçansızyou all usually don't kick | alaçoçumawçandılathey usually don't kick |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mençoçuwçanmamı? çoçuwçanmıma?do I usually kick? | sençoçuwçanmısa?do you usually kick? | olçoçuwçanmıdı?does he usually kick? | bizçoçuwçanbızmı? çoçuwçanmıbız?do we usually kick? | sizçoçuwçanmısız?do you all usually kick? | alaçoçuwçanmıdıla?do they usually kick? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mençoçumawçanmamı? çoçumawçanmıma?do I usually not kick? | sençoçumawçanmısa?do you usually not kick? | olçoçumawçanmıdı?does he usually not kick? | bizçoçumawçanbızmı? çoçumawçanmıbız?do we usually not kick? | sizçoçumawçanmısız?do you all usually not kick? | alaçoçumawçanmıdıla?do they usually not kick? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olçoçubduhe has kicked and remains so | alaçoçubdulathey have kicked and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olçoçubmudu?has he kicked? | alaçoçubmudula?have they kicked? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mençoçub turamaI keep kicking | sençoçub turasayou keep kicking | olçoçub turadıhe keeps kicking | bizçoçub turabızwe keep kicking | sizçoçub turasızyou all keep kicking | alaçoçub turadılathey keep kicking |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mençoçub turmaymaI don't keep kicking | sençoçub turmaysayou don't keep kicking | olçoçub turmaydıhe doesn't keep kicking | bizçoçub turmaybızwe don't keep kicking | sizçoçub turmaysızyou all don't keep kicking | alaçoçub turmaydılathey don't keep kicking |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mençoçub turamamı? çoçub turamıma?do I keep kicking? | sençoçub turamısa?do you keep kicking? | olçoçub turamıdı?does he keep kicking? | bizçoçub turabızmı? çoçub turamıbız?do we keep kicking? | sizçoçub turamısız?do you all keep kicking? | alaçoçub turamıdıla?do they keep kicking? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mençoçub turmaymamı? çoçub turmaymıma?don't I keep kicking? | sençoçub turmaymısa?don't you keep kicking? | olçoçub turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep kicking? | bizçoçub turmaybızmı? çoçub turmaymıbız?don't we keep kicking? | sizçoçub turmaymısız?don't you all keep kicking? | alaçoçub turmaymıdıla?don't they keep kicking? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mençoçuy turamaI am in the middle of kicking | sençoçuy turasayou are in the middle of kicking | olçoçuy turadıhe is in the middle of kicking | bizçoçuy turabızwe are in the middle of kicking | sizçoçuy turasızyou all are in the middle of kicking | alaçoçuy turadılathey are in the middle of kicking |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mençoçuy turmaymaI am not in the middle of kicking | sençoçuy turmaysayou are not in the middle of kicking | olçoçuy turmaydıhe is not in the middle of kicking | bizçoçuy turmaybızwe are not in the middle of kicking | sizçoçuy turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of kicking | alaçoçuy turmaydılathey are not in the middle of kicking |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mençoçuy turamamı? çoçuy turamıma?am I in the middle of kicking? | sençoçuy turamısa?are you in the middle of kicking? | olçoçuy turamıdı?is he in the middle of kicking? | bizçoçuy turabızmı? çoçuy turamıbız?are we in the middle of kicking? | sizçoçuy turamısız?are you all in the middle of kicking? | alaçoçuy turamıdıla?are they in the middle of kicking? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mençoçuy turmaymamı? çoçuy turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of kicking? | sençoçuy turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of kicking? | olçoçuy turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of kicking? | bizçoçuy turmaybızmı? çoçuy turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of kicking? | sizçoçuy turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of kicking? | alaçoçuy turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of kicking? |
| Simple past (definite) | mençoçudumI kicked | sençoçuduŋyou kicked | olçoçuduhe kicked | bizçoçuduqwe kicked | sizçoçuduğuzyou all kicked | alaçoçudulathey kicked |
| Simple past (definite) | mençoçumadımI didn't kick | sençoçumadıŋyou didn't kick | olçoçumadıhe didn't kick | bizçoçumadıqwe didn't kick | sizçoçumadığızyou all didn't kick | alaçoçumadılathey didn't kick |
| Simple past (definite) | mençoçudummu?did I kick? | sençoçuduŋmu?did you kick? | olçoçudumu?did he kick? | bizçoçuduqmu?did we kick? | sizçoçuduğuzmu?did you all kick? | alaçoçudulamı?did they kick? |
| Simple past (definite) | mençoçumadımmı?didn't I kick? | sençoçumadıŋmı?didn't you kick? | olçoçumadımı?didn't he kick? | bizçoçumadıqmı?didn't we kick? | sizçoçumadığızmı?didn't you all kick? | alaçoçumadılamı?didn't they kick? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mençoçuğanmaI have kicked | sençoçuğansayou have kicked | olçoçuğandıhe has kicked | bizçoçuğanbızwe have kicked | sizçoçuğansızyou all have kicked | alaçoçuğandılathey have kicked |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mençoçumağanmaI haven't kicked | sençoçumağansayou haven't kicked | olçoçumağandıhe hasn't kicked | bizçoçumağanbızwe haven't kicked | sizçoçumağansızyou all haven't kicked | alaçoçumağandılathey haven't kicked |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mençoçuğanmamı? çoçuğanmıma?have I kicked? | sençoçuğanmısa?have you kicked? | olçoçuğanmıdı?has he kicked? | bizçoçuğanbızmı? çoçuğanmıbız?have we kicked? | sizçoçuğanmısız?have you all kicked? | alaçoçuğanmıdıla?have they kicked? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mençoçumağanmamı? çoçumağanmıma?haven't I kicked? | sençoçumağanmısa?haven't you kicked? | olçoçumağanmıdı?hasn't he kicked? | bizçoçumağanbızmı? çoçumağanmıbız?haven't we kicked? | sizçoçumağanmısız?haven't you all kicked? | alaçoçumağanmıdıla?haven't they kicked? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mençoçub turdumI kept kicking | sençoçub turduŋyou kept kicking | olçoçub turduhe kept kicking | bizçoçub turduqwe kept kicking | sizçoçub turduğuzyou all kept kicking | alaçoçub turdulathey kept kicking |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mençoçub turmadımI didn't keep kicking | sençoçub turmadıŋyou didn't keep kicking | olçoçub turmadıhe didn't keep kicking | bizçoçub turmadıqwe didn't keep kicking | sizçoçub turmadığızyou all didn't keep kicking | alaçoçub turmadılathey didn't keep kicking |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mençoçurmaI will kick | sençoçursayou will kick | olçoçurhe will kick | bizçoçurbuzwe will kick | sizçoçursuzyou all will kick | alaçoçurlathey will kick |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mençoçumazmaI won't kick | sençoçumazsayou won't kick | olçoçumazhe won't kick | bizçoçumazbızwe won't kick | sizçoçumazsızyou all won't kick | alaçoçumazlathey won't kick |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mençoçurmamı? çoçurmuma?will I kick? | sençoçurmusa?will you kick? | olçoçurmu?will he kick? | bizçoçurbuzmu? çoçurmubuz?will we kick? | sizçoçurmusuz?will you all kick? | alaçoçurlamı? çoçurmula?will they kick? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mençoçumazmamı? çoçumazmıma?won't I kick? | sençoçumazmısa?won't you kick? | olçoçumazmı?won't he kick? | bizçoçumazbızmı? çoçumazmıbız?won't we kick? | sizçoçumazmısız?won't you all kick? | alaçoçumazlamı? çoçumazmıla?won't they kick? |
| Definite future (future II) | mençoçuruqmaI am going to kick | sençoçuruqsayou are going to kick | olçoçuruqduhe is going to kick | bizçoçuruqbuzwe are going to kick | sizçoçuruqsuzyou all are going to kick | alaçoçuruqdulathey are going to kick |
| Definite future (future II) | mençoçuruq tülmeI am not going to kick | sençoçuruq tülseyou are not going to kick | olçoçuruq tüldühe is not going to kick | bizçoçuruq tülbüzwe are not going to kick | sizçoçuruq tülsüzyou all are not going to kick | alaçoçuruq tüldülethey are not going to kick |
| Definite future (future II) | mençoçuruqmamı? çoçuruqmuma?am I going to kick? | sençoçuruqmusa?are you going to kick? | olçoçuruqmudu?is he going to kick? | bizçoçuruqbuzmu? çoçuruqmubuz?are we going to kick? | sizçoçuruqmusuz?are you all going to kick? | alaçoçuruqmudula?are they going to kick? |
| Definite future (future II) | mençoçuruq tülmüme?aren't I going to kick? | sençoçuruq tülmüse?aren't you going to kick? | olçoçuruq tülmüdü?isn't he going to kick? | bizçoçuruq tülmübüz?aren't we going to kick? | sizçoçuruq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to kick? | alaçoçuruq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to kick? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mençoçuğan edimçoçuğanemI had kicked | sençoçuğan ediŋçoçuğaneŋyou had kicked | olçoçuğan ediçoçuğanedhe had kicked | bizçoçuğan edikçoçuğanekwe had kicked | sizçoçuğan edigizçoçuğanegizyou all had kicked | alaçoçuğan edileçoçuğanellethey had kicked |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mençoçumağan edimçoçumağanemI hadn't kicked | sençoçumağan ediŋçoçumağaneŋyou hadn't kicked | olçoçumağan ediçoçumağanedhe hadn't kicked | bizçoçumağan edikçoçumağanekwe hadn't kicked | sizçoçumağan edigizçoçumağanegizyou all hadn't kicked | alaçoçumağan edileçoçumağanellethey hadn't kicked |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mençoçuy edimçoçuyemI was kicking | sençoçuy ediŋçoçuyeŋyou were kicking | olçoçuy ediçoçuyedhe was kicking | bizçoçuy edikçoçuyekwe were kicking | sizçoçuy edigizçoçuyegizyou all were kicking | alaçoçuy edileçoçuyellethey were kicking |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mençoçumay edimçoçumayemI wasn't kicking | sençoçumay ediŋçoçumayeŋyou weren't kicking | olçoçumay ediçoçumayedhe wasn't kicking | bizçoçumay edikçoçumayekwe weren't kicking | sizçoçumay edigizçoçumayegizyou all weren't kicking | alaçoçumay edileçoçumayellethey weren't kicking |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mençoçuwçan edimçoçuwçanemI used to kick | sençoçuwçan ediŋçoçuwçaneŋyou used to kick | olçoçuwçan ediçoçuwçanedhe used to kick | bizçoçuwçan edikçoçuwçanekwe used to kick | sizçoçuwçan edigizçoçuwçanegizyou all used to kick | alaçoçuwçan edileçoçuwçanellethey used to kick |
| Habitual past (used to) | mençoçumawçan edimçoçumawçanemI didn't use to kick | sençoçumawçan ediŋçoçumawçaneŋyou didn't use to kick | olçoçumawçan ediçoçumawçanedhe didn't use to kick | bizçoçumawçan edikçoçumawçanekwe didn't use to kick | sizçoçumawçan edigizçoçumawçanegizyou all didn't use to kick | alaçoçumawçan edileçoçumawçanellethey didn't use to kick |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olçoçub edihe had kicked and remained so | alaçoçub edilethey had kicked and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olçoçub tül edihe hadn't kicked | alaçoçub tül edilethey hadn't kicked | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mençoçub tura edimçoçub turaemI had kept kicking | sençoçub tura ediŋçoçub turaeŋyou had kept kicking | olçoçub tura ediçoçub turaedhe had kept kicking | bizçoçub tura edikçoçub turaekwe had kept kicking | sizçoçub tura edigizçoçub turaegizyou all had kept kicking | alaçoçub tura edileçoçub turaellethey had kept kicking |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mençoçub turmay edimçoçub turmayemI hadn't kept kicking | sençoçub turmay ediŋçoçub turmayeŋyou hadn't kept kicking | olçoçub turmay ediçoçub turmayedhe hadn't kept kicking | bizçoçub turmay edikçoçub turmayekwe hadn't kept kicking | sizçoçub turmay edigizçoçub turmayegizyou all hadn't kept kicking | alaçoçub turmay edileçoçub turmayellethey hadn't kept kicking |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mençoçuy tura edimçoçuy turaemI was in the middle of kicking | sençoçuy tura ediŋçoçuy turaeŋyou were in the middle of kicking | olçoçuy tura ediçoçuy turaedhe was in the middle of kicking | bizçoçuy tura edikçoçuy turaekwe were in the middle of kicking | sizçoçuy tura edigizçoçuy turaegizyou all were in the middle of kicking | alaçoçuy tura edileçoçuy turaellethey were in the middle of kicking |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mençoçuy turmay edimçoçuy turmayemI wasn't in the middle of kicking | sençoçuy turmay ediŋçoçuy turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of kicking | olçoçuy turmay ediçoçuy turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of kicking | bizçoçuy turmay edikçoçuy turmayekwe weren't in the middle of kicking | sizçoçuy turmay edigizçoçuy turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of kicking | alaçoçuy turmay edileçoçuy turmayellethey weren't in the middle of kicking |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mençoçur edimçoçur emI would kick | sençoçur ediŋçoçur eŋyou would kick | olçoçur ediçoçur edhe would kick | bizçoçur edikçoçur ekwe would kick | sizçoçur edigizçoçur egizyou all would kick | alaçoçur edileçoçur ellethey would kick |
| Conditional result (would) | mençoçumaz edimçoçumaz emI wouldn't kick | sençoçumaz ediŋçoçumaz eŋyou wouldn't kick | olçoçumaz ediçoçumaz edhe wouldn't kick | bizçoçumaz edikçoçumaz ekwe wouldn't kick | sizçoçumaz edigizçoçumaz egizyou all wouldn't kick | alaçoçumaz edileçoçumaz ellethey wouldn't kick |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mençoçuruq edimçoçuruq emI would have kicked | sençoçuruq ediŋçoçuruq eŋyou would have kicked | olçoçuruq ediçoçuruq edhe would have kicked | bizçoçuruq edikçoçuruq ekwe would have kicked | sizçoçuruq edigizçoçuruq egizyou all would have kicked | alaçoçuruq edileçoçuruq ellethey would have kicked |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mençoçuruq tül edimçoçuruq tül emI wouldn't have kicked | sençoçuruq tül ediŋçoçuruq tül eŋyou wouldn't have kicked | olçoçuruq tül ediçoçuruq tül edhe wouldn't have kicked | bizçoçuruq tül edikçoçuruq tül ekwe wouldn't have kicked | sizçoçuruq tül edigizçoçuruq tül egizyou all wouldn't have kicked | alaçoçuruq tül edileçoçuruq tül ellethey wouldn't have kicked |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mençoçusamif I kick | sençoçusaŋif you kick | olçoçusaif he kicks | bizçoçusaqif we kick | sizçoçusağızif you all kick | alaçoçusalaif they kick |
| Conditional | mençoçumasamif I don't kick | sençoçumasaŋif you don't kick | olçoçumasaif he doesn't kick | bizçoçumasaqif we don't kick | sizçoçumasağızif you all don't kick | alaçoçumasalaif they don't kick |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mençoçuy esemif I am kicking | sençoçuy eseŋif you are kicking | olçoçuy eseif he is kicking | bizçoçuy esekif we are kicking | sizçoçuy esegizif you all are kicking | alaçoçuy eseleif they are kicking |
| Conditional, present real | mençoçumay esemif I am not kicking | sençoçumay eseŋif you are not kicking | olçoçumay eseif he is not kicking | bizçoçumay esekif we are not kicking | sizçoçumay esegizif you all are not kicking | alaçoçumay eseleif they are not kicking |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mençoçusam ediçoçusam edif only I kicked | sençoçusaŋ ediçoçusaŋ edif only you kicked | olçoçusa ediçoçusaedif only he kicked | bizçoçusaq ediçoçusaq edif only we kicked | sizçoçusağız ediçoçusağız edif only you all kicked | alaçoçusala ediçoçusalaedif only they kicked |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mençoçumasam ediçoçumasam edif only I didn't kick | sençoçumasaŋ ediçoçumasaŋ edif only you didn't kick | olçoçumasa ediçoçumasaedif only he didn't kick | bizçoçumasaq ediçoçumasaq edif only we didn't kick | sizçoçumasağız ediçoçumasağız edif only you all didn't kick | alaçoçumasala ediçoçumasalaedif only they didn't kick |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mençoçub tursamif I carry on kicking | sençoçub tursaŋif you carry on kicking | olçoçub tursaif he carries on kicking | bizçoçub tursaqif we carry on kicking | sizçoçub tursağızif you all carry on kicking | alaçoçub tursalaif they carry on kicking |
| Durative conditional | mençoçub turmasamif I don't carry on kicking | sençoçub turmasaŋif you don't carry on kicking | olçoçub turmasaif he doesn't carry on kicking | bizçoçub turmasaqif we don't carry on kicking | sizçoçub turmasağızif you all don't carry on kicking | alaçoçub turmasalaif they don't carry on kicking |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mençoçub tura esemif I have kept kicking | sençoçub tura eseŋif you have kept kicking | olçoçub tura eseif he has kept kicking | bizçoçub tura esekif we have kept kicking | sizçoçub tura esegizif you all have kept kicking | alaçoçub tura eseleif they have kept kicking |
| Durative conditional, present real | mençoçub turmay esemif I haven't kept kicking | sençoçub turmay eseŋif you haven't kept kicking | olçoçub turmay eseif he hasn't kept kicking | bizçoçub turmay esekif we haven't kept kicking | sizçoçub turmay esegizif you all haven't kept kicking | alaçoçub turmay eseleif they haven't kept kicking |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mençoçuy tursamif I keep kicking | sençoçuy tursaŋif you keep kicking | olçoçuy tursaif he keeps kicking | bizçoçuy tursaqif we keep kicking | sizçoçuy tursağızif you all keep kicking | alaçoçuy tursalaif they keep kicking |
| Progressive conditional | mençoçumay tursamif I keep on not kicking | sençoçumay tursaŋif you keep on not kicking | olçoçumay tursaif he keeps on not kicking | bizçoçumay tursaqif we keep on not kicking | sizçoçumay tursağızif you all keep on not kicking | alaçoçumay tursalaif they keep on not kicking |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mençoçuy tura esemif I am in the middle of kicking | sençoçuy tura eseŋif you are in the middle of kicking | olçoçuy tura eseif he is in the middle of kicking | bizçoçuy tura esekif we are in the middle of kicking | sizçoçuy tura esegizif you all are in the middle of kicking | alaçoçuy tura eseleif they are in the middle of kicking |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mençoçumay tura esemif I keep on not kicking | sençoçumay tura eseŋif you keep on not kicking | olçoçumay tura eseif he keeps on not kicking | bizçoçumay tura esekif we keep on not kicking | sizçoçumay tura esegizif you all keep on not kicking | alaçoçumay tura eseleif they keep on not kicking |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mençoçudum esemif I kicked | sençoçuduŋ eseŋif you kicked | olçoçudu eseif he kicked | bizçoçuduq esekif we kicked | sizçoçuduğuz esegizif you all kicked | alaçoçudula eseleif they kicked |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mençoçumadım esemif I didn't kick | sençoçumadıŋ eseŋif you didn't kick | olçoçumadı eseif he didn't kick | bizçoçumadıq esekif we didn't kick | sizçoçumadığız esegizif you all didn't kick | alaçoçumadıla eseleif they didn't kick |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mençoçuğan esemif I did kick (indeed) | sençoçuğan eseŋif you did kick (indeed) | olçoçuğan eseif he did kick (indeed) | bizçoçuğan esekif we did kick (indeed) | sizçoçuğan esegizif you all did kick (indeed) | alaçoçuğan eseleif they did kick (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mençoçumağan esemif I didn't kick (indeed) | sençoçumağan eseŋif you didn't kick (indeed) | olçoçumağan eseif he didn't kick (indeed) | bizçoçumağan esekif we didn't kick (indeed) | sizçoçumağan esegizif you all didn't kick (indeed) | alaçoçumağan eseleif they didn't kick (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mençoçuğan bolsamif I had kicked | sençoçuğan bolsaŋif you had kicked | olçoçuğan bolsaif he had kicked | bizçoçuğan bolsaqif we had kicked | sizçoçuğan bolsağızif you all had kicked | alaçoçuğan bolsalaif they had kicked |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mençoçumağan bolsamif I hadn't kicked | sençoçumağan bolsaŋif you hadn't kicked | olçoçumağan bolsaif he hadn't kicked | bizçoçumağan bolsaqif we hadn't kicked | sizçoçumağan bolsağızif you all hadn't kicked | alaçoçumağan bolsalaif they hadn't kicked |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mençoçuğan bolsam ediçoçuğan bolsam edif only I had kicked | sençoçuğan bolsaŋ ediçoçuğan bolsaŋ edif only you had kicked | olçoçuğan bolsa ediçoçuğan bolsaedif only he had kicked | bizçoçuğan bolsaq ediçoçuğan bolsaq edif only we had kicked | sizçoçuğan bolsağız ediçoçuğan bolsağız edif only you all had kicked | alaçoçuğan bolsala ediçoçuğan bolsalaedif only they had kicked |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mençoçumağan bolsam ediçoçumağan bolsam edif only I hadn't kicked | sençoçumağan bolsaŋ ediçoçumağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't kicked | olçoçumağan bolsa ediçoçumağan bolsaedif only he hadn't kicked | bizçoçumağan bolsaq ediçoçumağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't kicked | sizçoçumağan bolsağız ediçoçumağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't kicked | alaçoçumağan bolsala ediçoçumağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't kicked |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mençoçur esemif I will kick | sençoçur eseŋif you will kick | olçoçur eseif he will kick | bizçoçur esekif we will kick | sizçoçur esegizif you all will kick | alaçoçur eseleif they will kick |
| Conditional, aorist | mençoçumaz esemif I won't kick | sençoçumaz eseŋif you won't kick | olçoçumaz eseif he won't kick | bizçoçumaz esekif we won't kick | sizçoçumaz esegizif you all won't kick | alaçoçumaz eseleif they won't kick |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mençoçuruq esemif I am going to kick | sençoçuruq eseŋif you are going to kick | olçoçuruq eseif he is going to kick | bizçoçuruq esekif we are going to kick | sizçoçuruq esegizif you all are going to kick | alaçoçuruq eseleif they are going to kick |
| Conditional, future | mençoçuruq tül esemif I am not going to kick | sençoçuruq tül eseŋif you are not going to kick | olçoçuruq tül eseif he is not going to kick | bizçoçuruq tül esekif we are not going to kick | sizçoçuruq tül esegizif you all are not going to kick | alaçoçuruq tül eseleif they are not going to kick |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mençoçuruq bolsamif I were going to kick | sençoçuruq bolsaŋif you were going to kick | olçoçuruq bolsaif he were going to kick | bizçoçuruq bolsaqif we were going to kick | sizçoçuruq bolsağızif you all were going to kick | alaçoçuruq bolsalaif they were going to kick |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mençoçumazlıq bolsamif I were not going to kick | sençoçumazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to kick | olçoçumazlıq bolsaif he were not going to kick | bizçoçumazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to kick | sizçoçumazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to kick | alaçoçumazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to kick |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso çoçuduŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mençoçuy bolurmaI must be kicking | sençoçuy bolursayou must be kicking | olçoçuy bolurhe must be kicking | bizçoçuy bolurbuzwe must be kicking | sizçoçuy bolursuzyou all must be kicking | alaçoçuy bolurlathey must be kicking |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mençoçumay bolurmaI must not be kicking | sençoçumay bolursayou must not be kicking | olçoçumay bolurhe must not be kicking | bizçoçumay bolurbuzwe must not be kicking | sizçoçumay bolursuzyou all must not be kicking | alaçoçumay bolurlathey must not be kicking |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mençoçuy tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of kicking | sençoçuy tura bolursayou must be in the middle of kicking | olçoçuy tura bolurhe must be in the middle of kicking | bizçoçuy tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of kicking | sizçoçuy tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of kicking | alaçoçuy tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of kicking |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mençoçumay tura bolurmaI must keep on not kicking | sençoçumay tura bolursayou must keep on not kicking | olçoçumay tura bolurhe must keep on not kicking | bizçoçumay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not kicking | sizçoçumay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not kicking | alaçoçumay tura bolurlathey must keep on not kicking |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mençoçuğan bolurmaI must have kicked | sençoçuğan bolursayou must have kicked | olçoçuğan bolurhe must have kicked | bizçoçuğan bolurbuzwe must have kicked | sizçoçuğan bolursuzyou all must have kicked | alaçoçuğan bolurlathey must have kicked |
| Inference (must have) | mençoçumağan bolurmaI must not have kicked | sençoçumağan bolursayou must not have kicked | olçoçumağan bolurhe must not have kicked | bizçoçumağan bolurbuzwe must not have kicked | sizçoçumağan bolursuzyou all must not have kicked | alaçoçumağan bolurlathey must not have kicked |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mençoçuruq bolurmaI must be going to kick | sençoçuruq bolursayou must be going to kick | olçoçuruq bolurhe must be going to kick | bizçoçuruq bolurbuzwe must be going to kick | sizçoçuruq bolursuzyou all must be going to kick | alaçoçuruq bolurlathey must be going to kick |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mençoçumazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to kick | sençoçumazlıq bolursayou must not be going to kick | olçoçumazlıq bolurhe must not be going to kick | bizçoçumazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to kick | sizçoçumazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to kick | alaçoçumazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to kick |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mençoçuyumlet me kick | sençoçu!kick! | olçoçusunlet him kick | bizçoçuyuqlet's kick | sizçoçuğuz!kick, you all! | alaçoçusunlalet them kick |
| Commands & suggestions | mençoçumayımlet me not kick | sençoçuma!don't kick! | olçoçumasınlet him not kick | bizçoçumayıqlet's not kick | sizçoçumağız!don't kick, you all! | alaçoçumasınlalet them not kick |
| Commands & suggestions | mençoçuyummu?shall I kick? | olçoçusunmu?should he kick? | bizçoçuyuqmu?shall we kick? | alaçoçusunlamı?should they kick? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mençoçumayımmı?shall I not kick? | olçoçumasınmı?should he not kick? | bizçoçumayıqmı?shall we not kick? | alaçoçumasınlamı?should they not kick? | ||
| Requests | sençoçuçu2çoçuçunplease kick | olçoçusunçudo let him kick | sizçoçuçuğuzplease kick (plural/polite) | alaçoçusunlaçıdo let them kick | ||
| Requests | sençoçumaçı2çoçumaçınplease don't kick | olçoçumasınçıdo let him not kick | sizçoçumaçığızplease don't kick (plural/polite) | alaçoçumasınlaçıdo let them not kick | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sençoçuğunçoçuğumay you kick | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sençoçumağınçoçumağımay you not kick | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mençoçuğay edim çoçuğa edimwould that I kicked | sençoçuğay ediŋ çoçuğa ediŋwould that you kicked | olçoçuğay edi çoçuğa ediwould that he kicked | bizçoçuğay edik çoçuğa edikwould that we kicked | sizçoçuğay edigiz çoçuğa edigizwould that you all kicked | alaçoçuğay edile çoçuğa edilewould that they kicked |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mençoçumağay edim çoçumağa edimwould that I did not kick | sençoçumağay ediŋ çoçumağa ediŋwould that you did not kick | olçoçumağay edi çoçumağa ediwould that he did not kick | bizçoçumağay edik çoçumağa edikwould that we did not kick | sizçoçumağay edigiz çoçumağa edigizwould that you all did not kick | alaçoçumağay edile çoçumağa edilewould that they did not kick |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mençoçumağa qoyayımçoçuma qoyayımlet me allow someone to kick | sençoçumağa qoy!çoçuma qoy!let someone kick! | olçoçumağa qoysunçoçuma qoysunlet him allow someone to kick | bizçoçumağa qoyayıqçoçuma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to kick | sizçoçumağa qoyuğuz!çoçuma qoyuğuz!let someone kick, you all! | alaçoçumağa qoysunlaçoçuma qoysunlalet them allow someone to kick |
| Let someone… (commands) | mençoçumağa qoymayımçoçuma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to kick | sençoçumağa qoyma!çoçuma qoyma!don't let someone kick! | olçoçumağa qoymasınçoçuma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to kick | bizçoçumağa qoymayıqçoçuma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to kick | sizçoçumağa qoymağız!çoçuma qoymağız!don't let someone kick, you all! | alaçoçumağa qoymasınlaçoçuma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to kick |
| Let someone… (commands) | mençoçumağa qoyayımmı?çoçuma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to kick? | olçoçumağa qoysunmu?çoçuma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to kick? | bizçoçumağa qoyayıqmı?çoçuma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to kick? | alaçoçumağa qoysunlamı?çoçuma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to kick? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mençoçumağa qoymayımmı?çoçuma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to kick? | olçoçumağa qoymasınmı?çoçuma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to kick? | bizçoçumağa qoymayıqmı?çoçuma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to kick? | alaçoçumağa qoymasınlamı?çoçuma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to kick? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mençoçumağa qoyamaçoçuma qoyamaI allow someone to kick | sençoçumağa qoyasaçoçuma qoyasayou allow someone to kick | olçoçumağa qoyadıçoçuma qoyadıhe allows someone to kick | bizçoçumağa qoyabızçoçuma qoyabızwe allow someone to kick | sizçoçumağa qoyasızçoçuma qoyasızyou all allow someone to kick | alaçoçumağa qoyadılaçoçuma qoyadılathey allow someone to kick |
| Let someone… (present) | mençoçumağa qoymaymaçoçuma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to kick | sençoçumağa qoymaysaçoçuma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to kick | olçoçumağa qoymaydıçoçuma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to kick | bizçoçumağa qoymaybızçoçuma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to kick | sizçoçumağa qoymaysızçoçuma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to kick | alaçoçumağa qoymaydılaçoçuma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to kick |
| Let someone… (present) | mençoçumağa qoyamamı?çoçuma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to kick? | sençoçumağa qoyamısa?çoçuma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to kick? | olçoçumağa qoyamıdı?çoçuma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to kick? | bizçoçumağa qoyabızmı?çoçuma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to kick? | sizçoçumağa qoyamısız?çoçuma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to kick? | alaçoçumağa qoyamıdıla?çoçuma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to kick? |
| Let someone… (present) | mençoçumağa qoymaymamı?çoçuma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to kick? | sençoçumağa qoymaymısa?çoçuma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to kick? | olçoçumağa qoymaymıdı?çoçuma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to kick? | bizçoçumağa qoymaybızmı?çoçuma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to kick? | sizçoçumağa qoymaymısız?çoçuma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to kick? | alaçoçumağa qoymaymıdıla?çoçuma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to kick? |
| Let someone… (past) | mençoçumağa qoydumçoçuma qoydumI allowed someone to kick | sençoçumağa qoyduŋçoçuma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to kick | olçoçumağa qoyduçoçuma qoyduhe allowed someone to kick | bizçoçumağa qoyduqçoçuma qoyduqwe allowed someone to kick | sizçoçumağa qoyduğuzçoçuma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to kick | alaçoçumağa qoydulaçoçuma qoydulathey allowed someone to kick |
| Let someone… (past) | mençoçumağa qoymadımçoçuma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to kick | sençoçumağa qoymadıŋçoçuma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to kick | olçoçumağa qoymadıçoçuma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to kick | bizçoçumağa qoymadıqçoçuma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to kick | sizçoçumağa qoymadığızçoçuma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to kick | alaçoçumağa qoymadılaçoçuma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to kick |
| Let someone… (past) | mençoçumağa qoydummu?çoçuma qoydummu?did I allow someone to kick? | sençoçumağa qoyduŋmu?çoçuma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to kick? | olçoçumağa qoydumu?çoçuma qoydumu?did he allow someone to kick? | bizçoçumağa qoyduqmu?çoçuma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to kick? | sizçoçumağa qoyduğuzmu?çoçuma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to kick? | alaçoçumağa qoydulamı?çoçuma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to kick? |
| Let someone… (past) | mençoçumağa qoymadımmı?çoçuma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to kick? | sençoçumağa qoymadıŋmı?çoçuma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to kick? | olçoçumağa qoymadımı?çoçuma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to kick? | bizçoçumağa qoymadıqmı?çoçuma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to kick? | sizçoçumağa qoymadığızmı?çoçuma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to kick? | alaçoçumağa qoymadılamı?çoçuma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to kick? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
çoçuyalırğa be able to kick · çoçuyalmazğa be unable to kick
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mençoçuyalamaI can kick | sençoçuyalasayou can kick | olçoçuyaladıhe can kick | bizçoçuyalabızwe can kick | sizçoçuyalasızyou all can kick | alaçoçuyaladılathey can kick |
| Ability — present | mençoçuyalmaymaI can't kick | sençoçuyalmaysayou can't kick | olçoçuyalmaydıhe can't kick | bizçoçuyalmaybızwe can't kick | sizçoçuyalmaysızyou all can't kick | alaçoçuyalmaydılathey can't kick |
| Ability — present | mençoçuyalamamı? çoçuyalamıma?can I kick? | sençoçuyalamısa?can you kick? | olçoçuyalamıdı?can he kick? | bizçoçuyalabızmı? çoçuyalamıbız?can we kick? | sizçoçuyalamısız?can you all kick? | alaçoçuyalamıdıla?can they kick? |
| Ability — present | mençoçuyalmaymamı? çoçuyalmaymıma?can't I kick? | sençoçuyalmaymısa?can't you kick? | olçoçuyalmaymıdı?can't he kick? | bizçoçuyalmaybızmı? çoçuyalmaymıbız?can't we kick? | sizçoçuyalmaymısız?can't you all kick? | alaçoçuyalmaymıdıla?can't they kick? |
| Ability — if I can… | mençoçuyalsamif I can kick | sençoçuyalsaŋif you can kick | olçoçuyalsaif he can kick | bizçoçuyalsaqif we can kick | sizçoçuyalsağızif you all can kick | alaçoçuyalsalaif they can kick |
| Ability — if I can… | mençoçuyalmasamif I can't kick | sençoçuyalmasaŋif you can't kick | olçoçuyalmasaif he can't kick | bizçoçuyalmasaqif we can't kick | sizçoçuyalmasağızif you all can't kick | alaçoçuyalmasalaif they can't kick |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mençoçuyaldımI was able to kick | sençoçuyaldıŋyou were able to kick | olçoçuyaldıhe was able to kick | bizçoçuyaldıqwe were able to kick | sizçoçuyaldığızyou all were able to kick | alaçoçuyaldılathey were able to kick |
| Ability — simple past | mençoçuyalmadımI could not kick | sençoçuyalmadıŋyou could not kick | olçoçuyalmadıhe could not kick | bizçoçuyalmadıqwe could not kick | sizçoçuyalmadığızyou all could not kick | alaçoçuyalmadılathey could not kick |
| Ability — simple past | mençoçuyaldımmı?was I able to kick? | sençoçuyaldıŋmı?were you able to kick? | olçoçuyaldımı?was he able to kick? | bizçoçuyaldıqmı?were we able to kick? | sizçoçuyaldığızmı?were you all able to kick? | alaçoçuyaldılamı?were they able to kick? |
| Ability — simple past | mençoçuyalmadımmı?couldn't I kick? | sençoçuyalmadıŋmı?couldn't you kick? | olçoçuyalmadımı?couldn't he kick? | bizçoçuyalmadıqmı?couldn't we kick? | sizçoçuyalmadığızmı?couldn't you all kick? | alaçoçuyalmadılamı?couldn't they kick? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mençoçuyalğanmaI have been able to kick | sençoçuyalğansayou have been able to kick | olçoçuyalğandıhe has been able to kick | bizçoçuyalğanbızwe have been able to kick | sizçoçuyalğansızyou all have been able to kick | alaçoçuyalğandılathey have been able to kick |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mençoçuyalmağanmaI haven't been able to kick | sençoçuyalmağansayou haven't been able to kick | olçoçuyalmağandıhe hasn't been able to kick | bizçoçuyalmağanbızwe haven't been able to kick | sizçoçuyalmağansızyou all haven't been able to kick | alaçoçuyalmağandılathey haven't been able to kick |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mençoçuyalğanmamı? çoçuyalğanmıma?have I been able to kick? | sençoçuyalğanmısa?have you been able to kick? | olçoçuyalğanmıdı?has he been able to kick? | bizçoçuyalğanbızmı? çoçuyalğanmıbız?have we been able to kick? | sizçoçuyalğanmısız?have you all been able to kick? | alaçoçuyalğanmıdıla?have they been able to kick? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mençoçuyalmağanmamı? çoçuyalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to kick? | sençoçuyalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to kick? | olçoçuyalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to kick? | bizçoçuyalmağanbızmı? çoçuyalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to kick? | sizçoçuyalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to kick? | alaçoçuyalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to kick? |
| Ability — past perfect | mençoçuyalğan edimçoçuyalğanemI had been able to kick | sençoçuyalğan ediŋçoçuyalğaneŋyou had been able to kick | olçoçuyalğan ediçoçuyalğanedhe had been able to kick | bizçoçuyalğan edikçoçuyalğanekwe had been able to kick | sizçoçuyalğan edigizçoçuyalğanegizyou all had been able to kick | alaçoçuyalğan edileçoçuyalğanellethey had been able to kick |
| Ability — past perfect | mençoçuyalmağan edimçoçuyalmağanemI hadn't been able to kick | sençoçuyalmağan ediŋçoçuyalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to kick | olçoçuyalmağan ediçoçuyalmağanedhe hadn't been able to kick | bizçoçuyalmağan edikçoçuyalmağanekwe hadn't been able to kick | sizçoçuyalmağan edigizçoçuyalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to kick | alaçoçuyalmağan edileçoçuyalmağanellethey hadn't been able to kick |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mençoçuyala edimçoçuyalaemI could kick | sençoçuyala ediŋçoçuyalaeŋyou could kick | olçoçuyala ediçoçuyalaedhe could kick | bizçoçuyala edikçoçuyalaekwe could kick | sizçoçuyala edigizçoçuyalaegizyou all could kick | alaçoçuyala edileçoçuyalaellethey could kick |
| Ability — past background | mençoçuyalmay edimçoçuyalmayemI could not kick | sençoçuyalmay ediŋçoçuyalmayeŋyou could not kick | olçoçuyalmay ediçoçuyalmayedhe could not kick | bizçoçuyalmay edikçoçuyalmayekwe could not kick | sizçoçuyalmay edigizçoçuyalmayegizyou all could not kick | alaçoçuyalmay edileçoçuyalmayellethey could not kick |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mençoçuyalırmaI will be able to kick | sençoçuyalırsayou will be able to kick | olçoçuyalırhe will be able to kick | bizçoçuyalırbızwe will be able to kick | sizçoçuyalırsızyou all will be able to kick | alaçoçuyalırlathey will be able to kick |
| Ability — future I | mençoçuyalmazmaI won't be able to kick | sençoçuyalmazsayou won't be able to kick | olçoçuyalmazhe won't be able to kick | bizçoçuyalmazbızwe won't be able to kick | sizçoçuyalmazsızyou all won't be able to kick | alaçoçuyalmazlathey won't be able to kick |
| Ability — future I | mençoçuyalırmamı? çoçuyalırmıma?will I be able to kick? | sençoçuyalırmısa?will you be able to kick? | olçoçuyalırmı?will he be able to kick? | bizçoçuyalırbızmı? çoçuyalırmıbız?will we be able to kick? | sizçoçuyalırmısız?will you all be able to kick? | alaçoçuyalırlamı? çoçuyalırmıla?will they be able to kick? |
| Ability — future I | mençoçuyalmazmamı? çoçuyalmazmıma?won't I be able to kick? | sençoçuyalmazmısa?won't you be able to kick? | olçoçuyalmazmı?won't he be able to kick? | bizçoçuyalmazbızmı? çoçuyalmazmıbız?won't we be able to kick? | sizçoçuyalmazmısız?won't you all be able to kick? | alaçoçuyalmazlamı? çoçuyalmazmıla?won't they be able to kick? |
| Ability — future II | mençoçuyallıqmaI am going to be able to kick | sençoçuyallıqsayou are going to be able to kick | olçoçuyallıqdıhe is going to be able to kick | bizçoçuyallıqbızwe are going to be able to kick | sizçoçuyallıqsızyou all are going to be able to kick | alaçoçuyallıqdılathey are going to be able to kick |
| Ability — future II | mençoçuyallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to kick | sençoçuyallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to kick | olçoçuyallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to kick | bizçoçuyallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to kick | sizçoçuyallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to kick | alaçoçuyallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to kick |
| Ability — future II | mençoçuyallıqmamı? çoçuyallıqmıma?am I going to be able to kick? | sençoçuyallıqmısa?are you going to be able to kick? | olçoçuyallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to kick? | bizçoçuyallıqbızmı? çoçuyallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to kick? | sizçoçuyallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to kick? | alaçoçuyallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to kick? |
| Ability — future II | mençoçuyallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to kick? | sençoçuyallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to kick? | olçoçuyallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to kick? | bizçoçuyallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to kick? | sizçoçuyallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to kick? | alaçoçuyallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to kick? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mençoçuyalır edimçoçuyalır emI would be able to kick | sençoçuyalır ediŋçoçuyalır eŋyou would be able to kick | olçoçuyalır ediçoçuyalır edhe would be able to kick | bizçoçuyalır edikçoçuyalır ekwe would be able to kick | sizçoçuyalır edigizçoçuyalır egizyou all would be able to kick | alaçoçuyalır edileçoçuyalır ellethey would be able to kick |
| Ability — would be able to… | mençoçuyalmaz edimçoçuyalmaz emI wouldn't be able to kick | sençoçuyalmaz ediŋçoçuyalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to kick | olçoçuyalmaz ediçoçuyalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to kick | bizçoçuyalmaz edikçoçuyalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to kick | sizçoçuyalmaz edigizçoçuyalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to kick | alaçoçuyalmaz edileçoçuyalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to kick |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sençoçuyalğınçoçuyalğımay you be able to kick | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sençoçuyalmağınçoçuyalmağımay you not be able to kick | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mençoçurğa izleymeI want to kick | sençoçurğa izleyseyou want to kick | olçoçurğa izleydihe wants to kick | bizçoçurğa izleybizwe want to kick | sizçoçurğa izleysizyou all want to kick | alaçoçurğa izleydilethey want to kick |
| want to | mençoçurğa izlemeymeI do not want to kick | sençoçurğa izlemeyseyou do not want to kick | olçoçurğa izlemeydihe does not want to kick | bizçoçurğa izlemeybizwe do not want to kick | sizçoçurğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to kick | alaçoçurğa izlemeydilethey do not want to kick |
| would like to | mençoçurğa süemeI would like to kick | sençoçurğa süeseyou would like to kick | olçoçurğa süedihe would like to kick | bizçoçurğa süebizwe would like to kick | sizçoçurğa süesizyou all would like to kick | alaçoçurğa süedilethey would like to kick |
| would like to | mençoçurğa süymeymeI would not like to kick | sençoçurğa süymeyseyou would not like to kick | olçoçurğa süymeydihe would not like to kick | bizçoçurğa süymeybizwe would not like to kick | sizçoçurğa süymeysizyou all would not like to kick | alaçoçurğa süymeydilethey would not like to kick |
| hope to | mençoçurğa umutlanamaI hope to kick | sençoçurğa umutlanasayou hope to kick | olçoçurğa umutlanadıhe hopes to kick | bizçoçurğa umutlanabızwe hope to kick | sizçoçurğa umutlanasızyou all hope to kick | alaçoçurğa umutlanadılathey hope to kick |
| hope to | mençoçurğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to kick | sençoçurğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to kick | olçoçurğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to kick | bizçoçurğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to kick | sizçoçurğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to kick | alaçoçurğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to kick |
| be about to | mençoçurğa deb turamaI am about to kick | sençoçurğa deb turasayou are about to kick | olçoçurğa deb turadıhe is about to kick | bizçoçurğa deb turabızwe are about to kick | sizçoçurğa deb turasızyou all are about to kick | alaçoçurğa deb turadılathey are about to kick |
| be about to | mençoçurğa deb turmaymaI am not about to kick | sençoçurğa deb turmaysayou are not about to kick | olçoçurğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to kick | bizçoçurğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to kick | sizçoçurğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to kick | alaçoçurğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to kick |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mençoçurğa kerekmeI need to kick | sençoçurğa kerekseyou need to kick | olçoçurğa kerekdihe needs to kick | bizçoçurğa kerekbizwe need to kick | sizçoçurğa kereksizyou all need to kick | alaçoçurğa kerekdilethey need to kick |
| need to | mençoçurğa kerek tülmeI do not need to kick | sençoçurğa kerek tülseyou do not need to kick | olçoçurğa kerek tüldühe does not need to kick | bizçoçurğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to kick | sizçoçurğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to kick | alaçoçurğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to kick |
| have to | menmenŋe çoçurğa tüşediI have to kick | sensenŋe çoçurğa tüşediyou have to kick | olaŋa çoçurğa tüşedihe has to kick | bizbizge çoçurğa tüşediwe have to kick | sizsizge çoçurğa tüşediyou all have to kick | alaalağa çoçurğa tüşedithey have to kick |
| have to | menmenŋe çoçurğa tüşmeydiI do not have to kick | sensenŋe çoçurğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to kick | olaŋa çoçurğa tüşmeydihe does not have to kick | bizbizge çoçurğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to kick | sizsizge çoçurğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to kick | alaalağa çoçurğa tüşmeydithey do not have to kick |
| be obliged to | mençoçurğa borçlumaI am obliged to kick | sençoçurğa borçlusayou are obliged to kick | olçoçurğa borçluduhe is obliged to kick | bizçoçurğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to kick | sizçoçurğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to kick | alaçoçurğa borçludulathey are obliged to kick |
| be obliged to | mençoçurğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to kick | sençoçurğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to kick | olçoçurğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to kick | bizçoçurğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to kick | sizçoçurğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to kick | alaçoçurğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to kick |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mençoçurğa madarım bardıI have a way to kick | sençoçurğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to kick | olçoçurğa madarı bardıhe has a way to kick | bizçoçurğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to kick | sizçoçurğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to kick | alaçoçurğa madarları bardıthey have a way to kick |
| have a way to | mençoçurğa madarım joqduI have no way to kick | sençoçurğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to kick | olçoçurğa madarı joqduhe has no way to kick | bizçoçurğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to kick | sizçoçurğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to kick | alaçoçurğa madarları joqduthey have no way to kick |
| be free to | mençoçurğa erkinligim bardıI am free to kick | sençoçurğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to kick | olçoçurğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to kick | bizçoçurğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to kick | sizçoçurğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to kick | alaçoçurğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to kick |
| be free to | mençoçurğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to kick | sençoçurğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to kick | olçoçurğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to kick | bizçoçurğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to kick | sizçoçurğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to kick | alaçoçurğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to kick |
| be possible to | menmenŋe çoçurğa bolluqduit is possible for me to kick | sensenŋe çoçurğa bolluqduit is possible for you to kick | olaŋa çoçurğa bolluqduit is possible for him to kick | bizbizge çoçurğa bolluqduit is possible for us to kick | sizsizge çoçurğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to kick | alaalağa çoçurğa bolluqduit is possible for them to kick |
| be possible to | menmenŋe çoçurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to kick | sensenŋe çoçurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to kick | olaŋa çoçurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to kick | bizbizge çoçurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to kick | sizsizge çoçurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to kick | alaalağa çoçurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to kick |
| be ready to | mençoçurğa hazırmaI am ready to kick | sençoçurğa hazırsayou are ready to kick | olçoçurğa hazırdıhe is ready to kick | bizçoçurğa hazırbızwe are ready to kick | sizçoçurğa hazırsızyou all are ready to kick | alaçoçurğa hazırdılathey are ready to kick |
| be ready to | mençoçurğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to kick | sençoçurğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to kick | olçoçurğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to kick | bizçoçurğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to kick | sizçoçurğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to kick | alaçoçurğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to kick |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mençoçurğa küreşemeI am trying to kick | sençoçurğa küreşeseyou are trying to kick | olçoçurğa küreşedihe is trying to kick | bizçoçurğa küreşebizwe are trying to kick | sizçoçurğa küreşesizyou all are trying to kick | alaçoçurğa küreşedilethey are trying to kick |
| try to | mençoçurğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to kick | sençoçurğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to kick | olçoçurğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to kick | bizçoçurğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to kick | sizçoçurğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to kick | alaçoçurğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to kick |
| agree to | mençoçurğa unaymaI agree to kick | sençoçurğa unaysayou agree to kick | olçoçurğa unaydıhe agrees to kick | bizçoçurğa unaybızwe agree to kick | sizçoçurğa unaysızyou all agree to kick | alaçoçurğa unaydılathey agree to kick |
| agree to | mençoçurğa unamaymaI refuse to kick | sençoçurğa unamaysayou refuse to kick | olçoçurğa unamaydıhe refuses to kick | bizçoçurğa unamaybızwe refuse to kick | sizçoçurğa unamaysızyou all refuse to kick | alaçoçurğa unamaydılathey refuse to kick |
| hurry to | mençoçurğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to kick | sençoçurğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to kick | olçoçurğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to kick | bizçoçurğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to kick | sizçoçurğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to kick | alaçoçurğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to kick |
| hurry to | mençoçurğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to kick | sençoçurğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to kick | olçoçurğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to kick | bizçoçurğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to kick | sizçoçurğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to kick | alaçoçurğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to kick |
| be afraid to | mençoçurğa qorqamaI am afraid to kick | sençoçurğa qorqasayou are afraid to kick | olçoçurğa qorqadıhe is afraid to kick | bizçoçurğa qorqabızwe are afraid to kick | sizçoçurğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to kick | alaçoçurğa qorqadılathey are afraid to kick |
| be afraid to | mençoçurğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to kick | sençoçurğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to kick | olçoçurğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to kick | bizçoçurğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to kick | sizçoçurğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to kick | alaçoçurğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to kick |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mençoçuy bolmazmaI can't be kicking | sençoçuy bolmazsayou can't be kicking | olçoçuy bolmazhe can't be kicking | bizçoçuy bolmazbızwe can't be kicking | sizçoçuy bolmazsızyou all can't be kicking | alaçoçuy bolmazlathey can't be kicking |
| Inference, present — double negation | mençoçumay bolmazmaI must be kicking (emphatic) | sençoçumay bolmazsayou must be kicking (emphatic) | olçoçumay bolmazhe must be kicking (emphatic) | bizçoçumay bolmazbızwe must be kicking (emphatic) | sizçoçumay bolmazsızyou all must be kicking (emphatic) | alaçoçumay bolmazlathey must be kicking (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mençoçuy turmasamif I don't keep kicking | sençoçuy turmasaŋif you don't keep kicking | olçoçuy turmasaif he doesn't keep kicking | bizçoçuy turmasaqif we don't keep kicking | sizçoçuy turmasağızif you all don't keep kicking | alaçoçuy turmasalaif they don't keep kicking |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mençoçuy tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of kicking | sençoçuy tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of kicking | olçoçuy tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of kicking | bizçoçuy tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of kicking | sizçoçuy tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of kicking | alaçoçuy tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of kicking |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mençoçumay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not kicking (emphatic) | sençoçumay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not kicking (emphatic) | olçoçumay tura bolmazhe must keep on not kicking (emphatic) | bizçoçumay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not kicking (emphatic) | sizçoçumay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not kicking (emphatic) | alaçoçumay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not kicking (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mençoçumay turamaI keep on not kicking | sençoçumay turasayou keep on not kicking | olçoçumay turadıhe keeps on not kicking | bizçoçumay turabızwe keep on not kicking | sizçoçumay turasızyou all keep on not kicking | alaçoçumay turadılathey keep on not kicking |
| Progressive — double negation | mençoçumay turmaymaI am not keeping on not kicking | sençoçumay turmaysayou are not keeping on not kicking | olçoçumay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not kicking | bizçoçumay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not kicking | sizçoçumay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not kicking | alaçoçumay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not kicking |
| Progressive — double negation | mençoçumay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not kicking? | sençoçumay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not kicking? | olçoçumay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not kicking? | bizçoçumay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not kicking? | sizçoçumay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not kicking? | alaçoçumay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not kicking? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mençoçuğan bolmazmaI can't have kicked | sençoçuğan bolmazsayou can't have kicked | olçoçuğan bolmazhe can't have kicked | bizçoçuğan bolmazbızwe can't have kicked | sizçoçuğan bolmazsızyou all can't have kicked | alaçoçuğan bolmazlathey can't have kicked |
| Inference — double negation | mençoçumağan bolmazmaI must have kicked (emphatic) | sençoçumağan bolmazsayou must have kicked (emphatic) | olçoçumağan bolmazhe must have kicked (emphatic) | bizçoçumağan bolmazbızwe must have kicked (emphatic) | sizçoçumağan bolmazsızyou all must have kicked (emphatic) | alaçoçumağan bolmazlathey must have kicked (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mençoçuğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had kicked | sençoçuğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had kicked | olçoçuğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had kicked | bizçoçuğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had kicked | sizçoçuğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had kicked | alaçoçuğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had kicked |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mençoçumağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't kicked | sençoçumağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't kicked | olçoçumağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't kicked | bizçoçumağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't kicked | sizçoçumağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't kicked | alaçoçumağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't kicked |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mençoçuruq bolmazmaI can't be going to kick | sençoçuruq bolmazsayou can't be going to kick | olçoçuruq bolmazhe can't be going to kick | bizçoçuruq bolmazbızwe can't be going to kick | sizçoçuruq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to kick | alaçoçuruq bolmazlathey can't be going to kick |
| Inference, future — double negation | mençoçumazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to kick (emphatic) | sençoçumazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to kick (emphatic) | olçoçumazlıq bolmazhe must be going to kick (emphatic) | bizçoçumazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to kick (emphatic) | sizçoçumazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to kick (emphatic) | alaçoçumazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to kick (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mençoçuruq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to kick | sençoçuruq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to kick | olçoçuruq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to kick | bizçoçuruq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to kick | sizçoçuruq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to kick | alaçoçuruq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to kick |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mençoçumazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to kick | sençoçumazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to kick | olçoçumazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to kick | bizçoçumazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to kick | sizçoçumazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to kick | alaçoçumazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to kick |