unku
/unku/ · plural unkula
1. rot, mustiness
- unku tutdu — rot has set in
- unku iyis — a smell of rot
- unku iyisi keledi — there is a smell of mustiness
2. rotten, musty, spoiled by damp — Used with bolurğa to mean go rotten or musty: un unku bolğandı means the flour has gone musty.
- un unku bolğandı — the flour has gone musty
- almala unku bolurla — the apples will go rotten
- almalanı üsün basdırsaŋ unku bolurla — if you cover the apples over, they will go rotten
- unku ağaç — rotten wood
- unku et — spoiled meat
As a noun
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | unkuthe rot | unkummy rot | unkuŋyour rot | unkusuhis rot | unkubuzour rot | unkuğuzyou all's rot | unkularıtheir rots |
| Genitive | unkunuthe rot's | unkumumy rot's | unkuŋuyour rot's | unkusunuhis rot's | unkubuznuour rot's | unkuğuznuyou all's rot's | unkularınıtheir rots' |
| Accusative | unkunuthe rot (as the object) | unkumumy rot (as the object) | unkuŋuyour rot (as the object) | unkusunhis rot (as the object) | unkubuznuour rot (as the object) | unkuğuznuyou all's rot (as the object) | unkularıntheir rots (as the object) |
| Dative | unkuğato the rot | unkumato my rot | unkuŋato your rot | unkusunato his rot | unkubuzğato our rot | unkuğuzğato you all's rot | unkularınato their rots |
| Locative | unkudain / at the rot | unkumdain / at my rot | unkuŋdain / at your rot | unkusundain / at his rot | unkubuzdain / at our rot | unkuğuzdain / at you all's rot | unkularındain / at their rots |
| Ablative | unkudanfrom the rot | unkumdanfrom my rot | unkuŋdanfrom your rot | unkusundanfrom his rot | unkubuzdanfrom our rot | unkuğuzdanfrom you all's rot | unkularındanfrom their rots |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | unkulathe rots | unkularımmy rots | unkularıŋyour rots | unkularıhis rots | unkularıbızour rots | unkularığızyou all's rots | unkularıtheir rots |
| Genitive | unkulanıthe rots' | unkularımımy rots' | unkularıŋıyour rots' | unkularınıhis rots' | unkularıbıznıour rots' | unkularığıznıyou all's rots' | unkularınıtheir rots' |
| Accusative | unkulanıthe rots (as the object) | unkularımımy rots (as the object) | unkularıŋıyour rots (as the object) | unkularınhis rots (as the object) | unkularıbıznıour rots (as the object) | unkularığıznıyou all's rots (as the object) | unkularıntheir rots (as the object) |
| Dative | unkulağato the rots | unkularımato my rots | unkularıŋato your rots | unkularınato his rots | unkularıbızğato our rots | unkularığızğato you all's rots | unkularınato their rots |
| Locative | unkuladain / at the rots | unkularımdain / at my rots | unkularıŋdain / at your rots | unkularındain / at his rots | unkularıbızdain / at our rots | unkularığızdain / at you all's rots | unkularındain / at their rots |
| Ablative | unkuladanfrom the rots | unkularımdanfrom my rots | unkularıŋdanfrom your rots | unkularındanfrom his rots | unkularıbızdanfrom our rots | unkularığızdanfrom you all's rots | unkularındanfrom their rots |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: unkuları can mean "his / her rots", "their rot", or "their rots" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
As an adjective
Saying it about mine, yours, theirs
One thing
| Degree | menikimine | senikiyours | anıqıhis / hers | biznikiours | siznikiyours (pl.) | alanıqıtheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | meniki unkudumine is rotten | seniki unkuduyours is rotten | anıqı unkuduhis is rotten | bizniki unkuduours is rotten | sizniki unkuduyours (pl.) is rotten | alanıqı unkudutheirs is rotten |
Several things
| Degree | menikilemine | senikileyours | anıqılahis / hers | biznikileours | siznikileyours (pl.) | alanıqılatheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | menikile unkudulamine are rotten | senikile unkudulayours are rotten | anıqıla unkudulahis are rotten | biznikile unkudulaours are rotten | siznikile unkudulayours (pl.) are rotten | alanıqıla unkudulatheirs are rotten |
Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu unkudu, bıla unkudula. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".