ugulurğa
/uɡulurʁa/
dash off, rush headlong, race off, run — Often used as the converb ugulub before a verb of motion, as in ugulub keterge "race off headlong" and ugulub jeterge "come racing up".
- ugulub keterge — to dash off headlong
- ugulub jeterge — to come racing up
- ugulub barırğa — to go rushing along
- jaş tobnu ızından ugulub ketdi — the boy dashed off after the ball
- ızından uguldum — I raced off after him
- ızıbızdan ugulub jetdi — he came racing up after us
- ızlarından ugulub barabız — we are rushing along after them
- sabiy üyge uguldu — the child dashed off home
- biz ızından ugulduq — we dashed off after him
Conjugation
Common forms
- uguladıhe is dashing off
- ugulduhe dashed off
- ugulğandıhe has dashed off
- ugulurhe will dash off
- ugulluqduhe is going to dash off
- ugula edihe was dashing off
- ugulsaif he dashes off
- ugul!dash off!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menugulamaI am dashing off | senugulasayou are dashing off | oluguladıhe is dashing off | bizugulabızwe are dashing off | sizugulasızyou all are dashing off | alauguladılathey are dashing off |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menugulmaymaI am not dashing off | senugulmaysayou are not dashing off | olugulmaydıhe is not dashing off | bizugulmaybızwe are not dashing off | sizugulmaysızyou all are not dashing off | alaugulmaydılathey are not dashing off |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menugulamamı? ugulamıma?am I dashing off? | senugulamısa?are you dashing off? | olugulamıdı?is he dashing off? | bizugulabızmı? ugulamıbız?are we dashing off? | sizugulamısız?are you all dashing off? | alaugulamıdıla?are they dashing off? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menugulmaymamı? ugulmaymıma?aren't I dashing off? | senugulmaymısa?aren't you dashing off? | olugulmaymıdı?isn't he dashing off? | bizugulmaybızmı? ugulmaymıbız?aren't we dashing off? | sizugulmaymısız?aren't you all dashing off? | alaugulmaymıdıla?aren't they dashing off? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menuguluwçanmaI usually dash off | senuguluwçansayou usually dash off | oluguluwçandıhe usually dashes off | bizuguluwçanbızwe usually dash off | sizuguluwçansızyou all usually dash off | alauguluwçandılathey usually dash off |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menugulmawçanmaI usually don't dash off | senugulmawçansayou usually don't dash off | olugulmawçandıhe usually doesn't dash off | bizugulmawçanbızwe usually don't dash off | sizugulmawçansızyou all usually don't dash off | alaugulmawçandılathey usually don't dash off |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menuguluwçanmamı? uguluwçanmıma?do I usually dash off? | senuguluwçanmısa?do you usually dash off? | oluguluwçanmıdı?does he usually dash off? | bizuguluwçanbızmı? uguluwçanmıbız?do we usually dash off? | sizuguluwçanmısız?do you all usually dash off? | alauguluwçanmıdıla?do they usually dash off? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menugulmawçanmamı? ugulmawçanmıma?do I usually not dash off? | senugulmawçanmısa?do you usually not dash off? | olugulmawçanmıdı?does he usually not dash off? | bizugulmawçanbızmı? ugulmawçanmıbız?do we usually not dash off? | sizugulmawçanmısız?do you all usually not dash off? | alaugulmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not dash off? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olugulubduhe has dashed off and remains so | alaugulubdulathey have dashed off and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olugulubmudu?has he dashed off? | alaugulubmudula?have they dashed off? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menugulub turamaI keep dashing off | senugulub turasayou keep dashing off | olugulub turadıhe keeps dashing off | bizugulub turabızwe keep dashing off | sizugulub turasızyou all keep dashing off | alaugulub turadılathey keep dashing off |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menugulub turmaymaI don't keep dashing off | senugulub turmaysayou don't keep dashing off | olugulub turmaydıhe doesn't keep dashing off | bizugulub turmaybızwe don't keep dashing off | sizugulub turmaysızyou all don't keep dashing off | alaugulub turmaydılathey don't keep dashing off |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menugulub turamamı? ugulub turamıma?do I keep dashing off? | senugulub turamısa?do you keep dashing off? | olugulub turamıdı?does he keep dashing off? | bizugulub turabızmı? ugulub turamıbız?do we keep dashing off? | sizugulub turamısız?do you all keep dashing off? | alaugulub turamıdıla?do they keep dashing off? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menugulub turmaymamı? ugulub turmaymıma?don't I keep dashing off? | senugulub turmaymısa?don't you keep dashing off? | olugulub turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep dashing off? | bizugulub turmaybızmı? ugulub turmaymıbız?don't we keep dashing off? | sizugulub turmaymısız?don't you all keep dashing off? | alaugulub turmaymıdıla?don't they keep dashing off? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menugula turamaI am in the middle of dashing off | senugula turasayou are in the middle of dashing off | olugula turadıhe is in the middle of dashing off | bizugula turabızwe are in the middle of dashing off | sizugula turasızyou all are in the middle of dashing off | alaugula turadılathey are in the middle of dashing off |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menugula turmaymaI am not in the middle of dashing off | senugula turmaysayou are not in the middle of dashing off | olugula turmaydıhe is not in the middle of dashing off | bizugula turmaybızwe are not in the middle of dashing off | sizugula turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of dashing off | alaugula turmaydılathey are not in the middle of dashing off |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menugula turamamı? ugula turamıma?am I in the middle of dashing off? | senugula turamısa?are you in the middle of dashing off? | olugula turamıdı?is he in the middle of dashing off? | bizugula turabızmı? ugula turamıbız?are we in the middle of dashing off? | sizugula turamısız?are you all in the middle of dashing off? | alaugula turamıdıla?are they in the middle of dashing off? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menugula turmaymamı? ugula turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of dashing off? | senugula turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of dashing off? | olugula turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of dashing off? | bizugula turmaybızmı? ugula turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of dashing off? | sizugula turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of dashing off? | alaugula turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of dashing off? |
| Simple past (definite) | menuguldumI dashed off | senugulduŋyou dashed off | olugulduhe dashed off | bizugulduqwe dashed off | sizugulduğuzyou all dashed off | alauguldulathey dashed off |
| Simple past (definite) | menugulmadımI didn't dash off | senugulmadıŋyou didn't dash off | olugulmadıhe didn't dash off | bizugulmadıqwe didn't dash off | sizugulmadığızyou all didn't dash off | alaugulmadılathey didn't dash off |
| Simple past (definite) | menuguldummu?did I dash off? | senugulduŋmu?did you dash off? | oluguldumu?did he dash off? | bizugulduqmu?did we dash off? | sizugulduğuzmu?did you all dash off? | alauguldulamı?did they dash off? |
| Simple past (definite) | menugulmadımmı?didn't I dash off? | senugulmadıŋmı?didn't you dash off? | olugulmadımı?didn't he dash off? | bizugulmadıqmı?didn't we dash off? | sizugulmadığızmı?didn't you all dash off? | alaugulmadılamı?didn't they dash off? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menugulğanmaI have dashed off | senugulğansayou have dashed off | olugulğandıhe has dashed off | bizugulğanbızwe have dashed off | sizugulğansızyou all have dashed off | alaugulğandılathey have dashed off |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menugulmağanmaI haven't dashed off | senugulmağansayou haven't dashed off | olugulmağandıhe hasn't dashed off | bizugulmağanbızwe haven't dashed off | sizugulmağansızyou all haven't dashed off | alaugulmağandılathey haven't dashed off |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menugulğanmamı? ugulğanmıma?have I dashed off? | senugulğanmısa?have you dashed off? | olugulğanmıdı?has he dashed off? | bizugulğanbızmı? ugulğanmıbız?have we dashed off? | sizugulğanmısız?have you all dashed off? | alaugulğanmıdıla?have they dashed off? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menugulmağanmamı? ugulmağanmıma?haven't I dashed off? | senugulmağanmısa?haven't you dashed off? | olugulmağanmıdı?hasn't he dashed off? | bizugulmağanbızmı? ugulmağanmıbız?haven't we dashed off? | sizugulmağanmısız?haven't you all dashed off? | alaugulmağanmıdıla?haven't they dashed off? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menugulub turdumI kept dashing off | senugulub turduŋyou kept dashing off | olugulub turduhe kept dashing off | bizugulub turduqwe kept dashing off | sizugulub turduğuzyou all kept dashing off | alaugulub turdulathey kept dashing off |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menugulub turmadımI didn't keep dashing off | senugulub turmadıŋyou didn't keep dashing off | olugulub turmadıhe didn't keep dashing off | bizugulub turmadıqwe didn't keep dashing off | sizugulub turmadığızyou all didn't keep dashing off | alaugulub turmadılathey didn't keep dashing off |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menugulurmaI will dash off | senugulursayou will dash off | olugulurhe will dash off | bizugulurbuzwe will dash off | sizugulursuzyou all will dash off | alaugulurlathey will dash off |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menugulmazmaI won't dash off | senugulmazsayou won't dash off | olugulmazhe won't dash off | bizugulmazbızwe won't dash off | sizugulmazsızyou all won't dash off | alaugulmazlathey won't dash off |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menugulurmamı? ugulurmuma?will I dash off? | senugulurmusa?will you dash off? | olugulurmu?will he dash off? | bizugulurbuzmu? ugulurmubuz?will we dash off? | sizugulurmusuz?will you all dash off? | alaugulurlamı? ugulurmula?will they dash off? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menugulmazmamı? ugulmazmıma?won't I dash off? | senugulmazmısa?won't you dash off? | olugulmazmı?won't he dash off? | bizugulmazbızmı? ugulmazmıbız?won't we dash off? | sizugulmazmısız?won't you all dash off? | alaugulmazlamı? ugulmazmıla?won't they dash off? |
| Definite future (future II) | menugulluqmaI am going to dash off | senugulluqsayou are going to dash off | olugulluqduhe is going to dash off | bizugulluqbuzwe are going to dash off | sizugulluqsuzyou all are going to dash off | alaugulluqdulathey are going to dash off |
| Definite future (future II) | menugulluq tülmeI am not going to dash off | senugulluq tülseyou are not going to dash off | olugulluq tüldühe is not going to dash off | bizugulluq tülbüzwe are not going to dash off | sizugulluq tülsüzyou all are not going to dash off | alaugulluq tüldülethey are not going to dash off |
| Definite future (future II) | menugulluqmamı? ugulluqmuma?am I going to dash off? | senugulluqmusa?are you going to dash off? | olugulluqmudu?is he going to dash off? | bizugulluqbuzmu? ugulluqmubuz?are we going to dash off? | sizugulluqmusuz?are you all going to dash off? | alaugulluqmudula?are they going to dash off? |
| Definite future (future II) | menugulluq tülmüme?aren't I going to dash off? | senugulluq tülmüse?aren't you going to dash off? | olugulluq tülmüdü?isn't he going to dash off? | bizugulluq tülmübüz?aren't we going to dash off? | sizugulluq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to dash off? | alaugulluq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to dash off? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menugulğan edimugulğanemI had dashed off | senugulğan ediŋugulğaneŋyou had dashed off | olugulğan ediugulğanedhe had dashed off | bizugulğan edikugulğanekwe had dashed off | sizugulğan edigizugulğanegizyou all had dashed off | alaugulğan edileugulğanellethey had dashed off |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menugulmağan edimugulmağanemI hadn't dashed off | senugulmağan ediŋugulmağaneŋyou hadn't dashed off | olugulmağan ediugulmağanedhe hadn't dashed off | bizugulmağan edikugulmağanekwe hadn't dashed off | sizugulmağan edigizugulmağanegizyou all hadn't dashed off | alaugulmağan edileugulmağanellethey hadn't dashed off |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menugula edimugulaemI was dashing off | senugula ediŋugulaeŋyou were dashing off | olugula ediugulaedhe was dashing off | bizugula edikugulaekwe were dashing off | sizugula edigizugulaegizyou all were dashing off | alaugula edileugulaellethey were dashing off |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menugulmay edimugulmayemI wasn't dashing off | senugulmay ediŋugulmayeŋyou weren't dashing off | olugulmay ediugulmayedhe wasn't dashing off | bizugulmay edikugulmayekwe weren't dashing off | sizugulmay edigizugulmayegizyou all weren't dashing off | alaugulmay edileugulmayellethey weren't dashing off |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menuguluwçan edimuguluwçanemI used to dash off | senuguluwçan ediŋuguluwçaneŋyou used to dash off | oluguluwçan ediuguluwçanedhe used to dash off | bizuguluwçan edikuguluwçanekwe used to dash off | sizuguluwçan edigizuguluwçanegizyou all used to dash off | alauguluwçan edileuguluwçanellethey used to dash off |
| Habitual past (used to) | menugulmawçan edimugulmawçanemI didn't use to dash off | senugulmawçan ediŋugulmawçaneŋyou didn't use to dash off | olugulmawçan ediugulmawçanedhe didn't use to dash off | bizugulmawçan edikugulmawçanekwe didn't use to dash off | sizugulmawçan edigizugulmawçanegizyou all didn't use to dash off | alaugulmawçan edileugulmawçanellethey didn't use to dash off |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olugulub edihe had dashed off and remained so | alaugulub edilethey had dashed off and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olugulub tül edihe hadn't dashed off | alaugulub tül edilethey hadn't dashed off | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menugulub tura edimugulub turaemI had kept dashing off | senugulub tura ediŋugulub turaeŋyou had kept dashing off | olugulub tura ediugulub turaedhe had kept dashing off | bizugulub tura edikugulub turaekwe had kept dashing off | sizugulub tura edigizugulub turaegizyou all had kept dashing off | alaugulub tura edileugulub turaellethey had kept dashing off |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menugulub turmay edimugulub turmayemI hadn't kept dashing off | senugulub turmay ediŋugulub turmayeŋyou hadn't kept dashing off | olugulub turmay ediugulub turmayedhe hadn't kept dashing off | bizugulub turmay edikugulub turmayekwe hadn't kept dashing off | sizugulub turmay edigizugulub turmayegizyou all hadn't kept dashing off | alaugulub turmay edileugulub turmayellethey hadn't kept dashing off |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menugula tura edimugula turaemI was in the middle of dashing off | senugula tura ediŋugula turaeŋyou were in the middle of dashing off | olugula tura ediugula turaedhe was in the middle of dashing off | bizugula tura edikugula turaekwe were in the middle of dashing off | sizugula tura edigizugula turaegizyou all were in the middle of dashing off | alaugula tura edileugula turaellethey were in the middle of dashing off |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menugula turmay edimugula turmayemI wasn't in the middle of dashing off | senugula turmay ediŋugula turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of dashing off | olugula turmay ediugula turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of dashing off | bizugula turmay edikugula turmayekwe weren't in the middle of dashing off | sizugula turmay edigizugula turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of dashing off | alaugula turmay edileugula turmayellethey weren't in the middle of dashing off |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menugulur edimugulur emI would dash off | senugulur ediŋugulur eŋyou would dash off | olugulur ediugulur edhe would dash off | bizugulur edikugulur ekwe would dash off | sizugulur edigizugulur egizyou all would dash off | alaugulur edileugulur ellethey would dash off |
| Conditional result (would) | menugulmaz edimugulmaz emI wouldn't dash off | senugulmaz ediŋugulmaz eŋyou wouldn't dash off | olugulmaz ediugulmaz edhe wouldn't dash off | bizugulmaz edikugulmaz ekwe wouldn't dash off | sizugulmaz edigizugulmaz egizyou all wouldn't dash off | alaugulmaz edileugulmaz ellethey wouldn't dash off |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menugulluq edimugulluq emI would have dashed off | senugulluq ediŋugulluq eŋyou would have dashed off | olugulluq ediugulluq edhe would have dashed off | bizugulluq edikugulluq ekwe would have dashed off | sizugulluq edigizugulluq egizyou all would have dashed off | alaugulluq edileugulluq ellethey would have dashed off |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menugulluq tül edimugulluq tül emI wouldn't have dashed off | senugulluq tül ediŋugulluq tül eŋyou wouldn't have dashed off | olugulluq tül ediugulluq tül edhe wouldn't have dashed off | bizugulluq tül edikugulluq tül ekwe wouldn't have dashed off | sizugulluq tül edigizugulluq tül egizyou all wouldn't have dashed off | alaugulluq tül edileugulluq tül ellethey wouldn't have dashed off |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menugulsamif I dash off | senugulsaŋif you dash off | olugulsaif he dashes off | bizugulsaqif we dash off | sizugulsağızif you all dash off | alaugulsalaif they dash off |
| Conditional | menugulmasamif I don't dash off | senugulmasaŋif you don't dash off | olugulmasaif he doesn't dash off | bizugulmasaqif we don't dash off | sizugulmasağızif you all don't dash off | alaugulmasalaif they don't dash off |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menugula esemif I am dashing off | senugula eseŋif you are dashing off | olugula eseif he is dashing off | bizugula esekif we are dashing off | sizugula esegizif you all are dashing off | alaugula eseleif they are dashing off |
| Conditional, present real | menugulmay esemif I am not dashing off | senugulmay eseŋif you are not dashing off | olugulmay eseif he is not dashing off | bizugulmay esekif we are not dashing off | sizugulmay esegizif you all are not dashing off | alaugulmay eseleif they are not dashing off |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menugulsam ediugulsam edif only I dashed off | senugulsaŋ ediugulsaŋ edif only you dashed off | olugulsa ediugulsaedif only he dashed off | bizugulsaq ediugulsaq edif only we dashed off | sizugulsağız ediugulsağız edif only you all dashed off | alaugulsala ediugulsalaedif only they dashed off |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menugulmasam ediugulmasam edif only I didn't dash off | senugulmasaŋ ediugulmasaŋ edif only you didn't dash off | olugulmasa ediugulmasaedif only he didn't dash off | bizugulmasaq ediugulmasaq edif only we didn't dash off | sizugulmasağız ediugulmasağız edif only you all didn't dash off | alaugulmasala ediugulmasalaedif only they didn't dash off |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menugulub tursamif I carry on dashing off | senugulub tursaŋif you carry on dashing off | olugulub tursaif he carries on dashing off | bizugulub tursaqif we carry on dashing off | sizugulub tursağızif you all carry on dashing off | alaugulub tursalaif they carry on dashing off |
| Durative conditional | menugulub turmasamif I don't carry on dashing off | senugulub turmasaŋif you don't carry on dashing off | olugulub turmasaif he doesn't carry on dashing off | bizugulub turmasaqif we don't carry on dashing off | sizugulub turmasağızif you all don't carry on dashing off | alaugulub turmasalaif they don't carry on dashing off |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menugulub tura esemif I have kept dashing off | senugulub tura eseŋif you have kept dashing off | olugulub tura eseif he has kept dashing off | bizugulub tura esekif we have kept dashing off | sizugulub tura esegizif you all have kept dashing off | alaugulub tura eseleif they have kept dashing off |
| Durative conditional, present real | menugulub turmay esemif I haven't kept dashing off | senugulub turmay eseŋif you haven't kept dashing off | olugulub turmay eseif he hasn't kept dashing off | bizugulub turmay esekif we haven't kept dashing off | sizugulub turmay esegizif you all haven't kept dashing off | alaugulub turmay eseleif they haven't kept dashing off |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menugula tursamif I keep dashing off | senugula tursaŋif you keep dashing off | olugula tursaif he keeps dashing off | bizugula tursaqif we keep dashing off | sizugula tursağızif you all keep dashing off | alaugula tursalaif they keep dashing off |
| Progressive conditional | menugulmay tursamif I keep on not dashing off | senugulmay tursaŋif you keep on not dashing off | olugulmay tursaif he keeps on not dashing off | bizugulmay tursaqif we keep on not dashing off | sizugulmay tursağızif you all keep on not dashing off | alaugulmay tursalaif they keep on not dashing off |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menugula tura esemif I am in the middle of dashing off | senugula tura eseŋif you are in the middle of dashing off | olugula tura eseif he is in the middle of dashing off | bizugula tura esekif we are in the middle of dashing off | sizugula tura esegizif you all are in the middle of dashing off | alaugula tura eseleif they are in the middle of dashing off |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menugulmay tura esemif I keep on not dashing off | senugulmay tura eseŋif you keep on not dashing off | olugulmay tura eseif he keeps on not dashing off | bizugulmay tura esekif we keep on not dashing off | sizugulmay tura esegizif you all keep on not dashing off | alaugulmay tura eseleif they keep on not dashing off |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menuguldum esemif I dashed off | senugulduŋ eseŋif you dashed off | oluguldu eseif he dashed off | bizugulduq esekif we dashed off | sizugulduğuz esegizif you all dashed off | alauguldula eseleif they dashed off |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menugulmadım esemif I didn't dash off | senugulmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't dash off | olugulmadı eseif he didn't dash off | bizugulmadıq esekif we didn't dash off | sizugulmadığız esegizif you all didn't dash off | alaugulmadıla eseleif they didn't dash off |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menugulğan esemif I did dash off (indeed) | senugulğan eseŋif you did dash off (indeed) | olugulğan eseif he did dash off (indeed) | bizugulğan esekif we did dash off (indeed) | sizugulğan esegizif you all did dash off (indeed) | alaugulğan eseleif they did dash off (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menugulmağan esemif I didn't dash off (indeed) | senugulmağan eseŋif you didn't dash off (indeed) | olugulmağan eseif he didn't dash off (indeed) | bizugulmağan esekif we didn't dash off (indeed) | sizugulmağan esegizif you all didn't dash off (indeed) | alaugulmağan eseleif they didn't dash off (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menugulğan bolsamif I had dashed off | senugulğan bolsaŋif you had dashed off | olugulğan bolsaif he had dashed off | bizugulğan bolsaqif we had dashed off | sizugulğan bolsağızif you all had dashed off | alaugulğan bolsalaif they had dashed off |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menugulmağan bolsamif I hadn't dashed off | senugulmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't dashed off | olugulmağan bolsaif he hadn't dashed off | bizugulmağan bolsaqif we hadn't dashed off | sizugulmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't dashed off | alaugulmağan bolsalaif they hadn't dashed off |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menugulğan bolsam ediugulğan bolsam edif only I had dashed off | senugulğan bolsaŋ ediugulğan bolsaŋ edif only you had dashed off | olugulğan bolsa ediugulğan bolsaedif only he had dashed off | bizugulğan bolsaq ediugulğan bolsaq edif only we had dashed off | sizugulğan bolsağız ediugulğan bolsağız edif only you all had dashed off | alaugulğan bolsala ediugulğan bolsalaedif only they had dashed off |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menugulmağan bolsam ediugulmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't dashed off | senugulmağan bolsaŋ ediugulmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't dashed off | olugulmağan bolsa ediugulmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't dashed off | bizugulmağan bolsaq ediugulmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't dashed off | sizugulmağan bolsağız ediugulmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't dashed off | alaugulmağan bolsala ediugulmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't dashed off |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menugulur esemif I will dash off | senugulur eseŋif you will dash off | olugulur eseif he will dash off | bizugulur esekif we will dash off | sizugulur esegizif you all will dash off | alaugulur eseleif they will dash off |
| Conditional, aorist | menugulmaz esemif I won't dash off | senugulmaz eseŋif you won't dash off | olugulmaz eseif he won't dash off | bizugulmaz esekif we won't dash off | sizugulmaz esegizif you all won't dash off | alaugulmaz eseleif they won't dash off |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menugulluq esemif I am going to dash off | senugulluq eseŋif you are going to dash off | olugulluq eseif he is going to dash off | bizugulluq esekif we are going to dash off | sizugulluq esegizif you all are going to dash off | alaugulluq eseleif they are going to dash off |
| Conditional, future | menugulluq tül esemif I am not going to dash off | senugulluq tül eseŋif you are not going to dash off | olugulluq tül eseif he is not going to dash off | bizugulluq tül esekif we are not going to dash off | sizugulluq tül esegizif you all are not going to dash off | alaugulluq tül eseleif they are not going to dash off |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menugulluq bolsamif I were going to dash off | senugulluq bolsaŋif you were going to dash off | olugulluq bolsaif he were going to dash off | bizugulluq bolsaqif we were going to dash off | sizugulluq bolsağızif you all were going to dash off | alaugulluq bolsalaif they were going to dash off |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menugulmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to dash off | senugulmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to dash off | olugulmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to dash off | bizugulmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to dash off | sizugulmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to dash off | alaugulmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to dash off |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso ugulduŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menugula bolurmaI must be dashing off | senugula bolursayou must be dashing off | olugula bolurhe must be dashing off | bizugula bolurbuzwe must be dashing off | sizugula bolursuzyou all must be dashing off | alaugula bolurlathey must be dashing off |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menugulmay bolurmaI must not be dashing off | senugulmay bolursayou must not be dashing off | olugulmay bolurhe must not be dashing off | bizugulmay bolurbuzwe must not be dashing off | sizugulmay bolursuzyou all must not be dashing off | alaugulmay bolurlathey must not be dashing off |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menugula tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of dashing off | senugula tura bolursayou must be in the middle of dashing off | olugula tura bolurhe must be in the middle of dashing off | bizugula tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of dashing off | sizugula tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of dashing off | alaugula tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of dashing off |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menugulmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not dashing off | senugulmay tura bolursayou must keep on not dashing off | olugulmay tura bolurhe must keep on not dashing off | bizugulmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not dashing off | sizugulmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not dashing off | alaugulmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not dashing off |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menugulğan bolurmaI must have dashed off | senugulğan bolursayou must have dashed off | olugulğan bolurhe must have dashed off | bizugulğan bolurbuzwe must have dashed off | sizugulğan bolursuzyou all must have dashed off | alaugulğan bolurlathey must have dashed off |
| Inference (must have) | menugulmağan bolurmaI must not have dashed off | senugulmağan bolursayou must not have dashed off | olugulmağan bolurhe must not have dashed off | bizugulmağan bolurbuzwe must not have dashed off | sizugulmağan bolursuzyou all must not have dashed off | alaugulmağan bolurlathey must not have dashed off |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menugulluq bolurmaI must be going to dash off | senugulluq bolursayou must be going to dash off | olugulluq bolurhe must be going to dash off | bizugulluq bolurbuzwe must be going to dash off | sizugulluq bolursuzyou all must be going to dash off | alaugulluq bolurlathey must be going to dash off |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menugulmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to dash off | senugulmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to dash off | olugulmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to dash off | bizugulmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to dash off | sizugulmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to dash off | alaugulmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to dash off |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menugulayımlet me dash off | senugul!dash off! | olugulsunlet him dash off | bizugulayıqlet's dash off | sizuguluğuz!dash off, you all! | alaugulsunlalet them dash off |
| Commands & suggestions | menugulmayımlet me not dash off | senugulma!don't dash off! | olugulmasınlet him not dash off | bizugulmayıqlet's not dash off | sizugulmağız!don't dash off, you all! | alaugulmasınlalet them not dash off |
| Commands & suggestions | menugulayımmı?shall I dash off? | olugulsunmu?should he dash off? | bizugulayıqmı?shall we dash off? | alaugulsunlamı?should they dash off? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menugulmayımmı?shall I not dash off? | olugulmasınmı?should he not dash off? | bizugulmayıqmı?shall we not dash off? | alaugulmasınlamı?should they not dash off? | ||
| Requests | senugulçu2ugulçunplease dash off | olugulsunçudo let him dash off | sizugulçuğuzplease dash off (plural/polite) | alaugulsunlaçıdo let them dash off | ||
| Requests | senugulmaçı2ugulmaçınplease don't dash off | olugulmasınçıdo let him not dash off | sizugulmaçığızplease don't dash off (plural/polite) | alaugulmasınlaçıdo let them not dash off | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senugulğunugulğumay you dash off | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senugulmağınugulmağımay you not dash off | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menugulğay edim ugulğa edimwould that I dashed off | senugulğay ediŋ ugulğa ediŋwould that you dashed off | olugulğay edi ugulğa ediwould that he dashed off | bizugulğay edik ugulğa edikwould that we dashed off | sizugulğay edigiz ugulğa edigizwould that you all dashed off | alaugulğay edile ugulğa edilewould that they dashed off |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menugulmağay edim ugulmağa edimwould that I did not dash off | senugulmağay ediŋ ugulmağa ediŋwould that you did not dash off | olugulmağay edi ugulmağa ediwould that he did not dash off | bizugulmağay edik ugulmağa edikwould that we did not dash off | sizugulmağay edigiz ugulmağa edigizwould that you all did not dash off | alaugulmağay edile ugulmağa edilewould that they did not dash off |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menugulmağa qoyayımugulma qoyayımlet me allow someone to dash off | senugulmağa qoy!ugulma qoy!let someone dash off! | olugulmağa qoysunugulma qoysunlet him allow someone to dash off | bizugulmağa qoyayıqugulma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to dash off | sizugulmağa qoyuğuz!ugulma qoyuğuz!let someone dash off, you all! | alaugulmağa qoysunlaugulma qoysunlalet them allow someone to dash off |
| Let someone… (commands) | menugulmağa qoymayımugulma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to dash off | senugulmağa qoyma!ugulma qoyma!don't let someone dash off! | olugulmağa qoymasınugulma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to dash off | bizugulmağa qoymayıqugulma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to dash off | sizugulmağa qoymağız!ugulma qoymağız!don't let someone dash off, you all! | alaugulmağa qoymasınlaugulma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to dash off |
| Let someone… (commands) | menugulmağa qoyayımmı?ugulma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to dash off? | olugulmağa qoysunmu?ugulma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to dash off? | bizugulmağa qoyayıqmı?ugulma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to dash off? | alaugulmağa qoysunlamı?ugulma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to dash off? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menugulmağa qoymayımmı?ugulma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to dash off? | olugulmağa qoymasınmı?ugulma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to dash off? | bizugulmağa qoymayıqmı?ugulma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to dash off? | alaugulmağa qoymasınlamı?ugulma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to dash off? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menugulmağa qoyamaugulma qoyamaI allow someone to dash off | senugulmağa qoyasaugulma qoyasayou allow someone to dash off | olugulmağa qoyadıugulma qoyadıhe allows someone to dash off | bizugulmağa qoyabızugulma qoyabızwe allow someone to dash off | sizugulmağa qoyasızugulma qoyasızyou all allow someone to dash off | alaugulmağa qoyadılaugulma qoyadılathey allow someone to dash off |
| Let someone… (present) | menugulmağa qoymaymaugulma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to dash off | senugulmağa qoymaysaugulma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to dash off | olugulmağa qoymaydıugulma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to dash off | bizugulmağa qoymaybızugulma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to dash off | sizugulmağa qoymaysızugulma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to dash off | alaugulmağa qoymaydılaugulma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to dash off |
| Let someone… (present) | menugulmağa qoyamamı?ugulma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to dash off? | senugulmağa qoyamısa?ugulma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to dash off? | olugulmağa qoyamıdı?ugulma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to dash off? | bizugulmağa qoyabızmı?ugulma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to dash off? | sizugulmağa qoyamısız?ugulma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to dash off? | alaugulmağa qoyamıdıla?ugulma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to dash off? |
| Let someone… (present) | menugulmağa qoymaymamı?ugulma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to dash off? | senugulmağa qoymaymısa?ugulma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to dash off? | olugulmağa qoymaymıdı?ugulma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to dash off? | bizugulmağa qoymaybızmı?ugulma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to dash off? | sizugulmağa qoymaymısız?ugulma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to dash off? | alaugulmağa qoymaymıdıla?ugulma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to dash off? |
| Let someone… (past) | menugulmağa qoydumugulma qoydumI allowed someone to dash off | senugulmağa qoyduŋugulma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to dash off | olugulmağa qoyduugulma qoyduhe allowed someone to dash off | bizugulmağa qoyduqugulma qoyduqwe allowed someone to dash off | sizugulmağa qoyduğuzugulma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to dash off | alaugulmağa qoydulaugulma qoydulathey allowed someone to dash off |
| Let someone… (past) | menugulmağa qoymadımugulma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to dash off | senugulmağa qoymadıŋugulma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to dash off | olugulmağa qoymadıugulma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to dash off | bizugulmağa qoymadıqugulma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to dash off | sizugulmağa qoymadığızugulma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to dash off | alaugulmağa qoymadılaugulma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to dash off |
| Let someone… (past) | menugulmağa qoydummu?ugulma qoydummu?did I allow someone to dash off? | senugulmağa qoyduŋmu?ugulma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to dash off? | olugulmağa qoydumu?ugulma qoydumu?did he allow someone to dash off? | bizugulmağa qoyduqmu?ugulma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to dash off? | sizugulmağa qoyduğuzmu?ugulma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to dash off? | alaugulmağa qoydulamı?ugulma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to dash off? |
| Let someone… (past) | menugulmağa qoymadımmı?ugulma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to dash off? | senugulmağa qoymadıŋmı?ugulma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to dash off? | olugulmağa qoymadımı?ugulma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to dash off? | bizugulmağa qoymadıqmı?ugulma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to dash off? | sizugulmağa qoymadığızmı?ugulma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to dash off? | alaugulmağa qoymadılamı?ugulma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to dash off? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
ugulalırğa be able to dash off · ugulalmazğa be unable to dash off
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menugulalamaI can dash off | senugulalasayou can dash off | olugulaladıhe can dash off | bizugulalabızwe can dash off | sizugulalasızyou all can dash off | alaugulaladılathey can dash off |
| Ability — present | menugulalmaymaI can't dash off | senugulalmaysayou can't dash off | olugulalmaydıhe can't dash off | bizugulalmaybızwe can't dash off | sizugulalmaysızyou all can't dash off | alaugulalmaydılathey can't dash off |
| Ability — present | menugulalamamı? ugulalamıma?can I dash off? | senugulalamısa?can you dash off? | olugulalamıdı?can he dash off? | bizugulalabızmı? ugulalamıbız?can we dash off? | sizugulalamısız?can you all dash off? | alaugulalamıdıla?can they dash off? |
| Ability — present | menugulalmaymamı? ugulalmaymıma?can't I dash off? | senugulalmaymısa?can't you dash off? | olugulalmaymıdı?can't he dash off? | bizugulalmaybızmı? ugulalmaymıbız?can't we dash off? | sizugulalmaymısız?can't you all dash off? | alaugulalmaymıdıla?can't they dash off? |
| Ability — if I can… | menugulalsamif I can dash off | senugulalsaŋif you can dash off | olugulalsaif he can dash off | bizugulalsaqif we can dash off | sizugulalsağızif you all can dash off | alaugulalsalaif they can dash off |
| Ability — if I can… | menugulalmasamif I can't dash off | senugulalmasaŋif you can't dash off | olugulalmasaif he can't dash off | bizugulalmasaqif we can't dash off | sizugulalmasağızif you all can't dash off | alaugulalmasalaif they can't dash off |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menugulaldımI was able to dash off | senugulaldıŋyou were able to dash off | olugulaldıhe was able to dash off | bizugulaldıqwe were able to dash off | sizugulaldığızyou all were able to dash off | alaugulaldılathey were able to dash off |
| Ability — simple past | menugulalmadımI could not dash off | senugulalmadıŋyou could not dash off | olugulalmadıhe could not dash off | bizugulalmadıqwe could not dash off | sizugulalmadığızyou all could not dash off | alaugulalmadılathey could not dash off |
| Ability — simple past | menugulaldımmı?was I able to dash off? | senugulaldıŋmı?were you able to dash off? | olugulaldımı?was he able to dash off? | bizugulaldıqmı?were we able to dash off? | sizugulaldığızmı?were you all able to dash off? | alaugulaldılamı?were they able to dash off? |
| Ability — simple past | menugulalmadımmı?couldn't I dash off? | senugulalmadıŋmı?couldn't you dash off? | olugulalmadımı?couldn't he dash off? | bizugulalmadıqmı?couldn't we dash off? | sizugulalmadığızmı?couldn't you all dash off? | alaugulalmadılamı?couldn't they dash off? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menugulalğanmaI have been able to dash off | senugulalğansayou have been able to dash off | olugulalğandıhe has been able to dash off | bizugulalğanbızwe have been able to dash off | sizugulalğansızyou all have been able to dash off | alaugulalğandılathey have been able to dash off |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menugulalmağanmaI haven't been able to dash off | senugulalmağansayou haven't been able to dash off | olugulalmağandıhe hasn't been able to dash off | bizugulalmağanbızwe haven't been able to dash off | sizugulalmağansızyou all haven't been able to dash off | alaugulalmağandılathey haven't been able to dash off |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menugulalğanmamı? ugulalğanmıma?have I been able to dash off? | senugulalğanmısa?have you been able to dash off? | olugulalğanmıdı?has he been able to dash off? | bizugulalğanbızmı? ugulalğanmıbız?have we been able to dash off? | sizugulalğanmısız?have you all been able to dash off? | alaugulalğanmıdıla?have they been able to dash off? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menugulalmağanmamı? ugulalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to dash off? | senugulalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to dash off? | olugulalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to dash off? | bizugulalmağanbızmı? ugulalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to dash off? | sizugulalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to dash off? | alaugulalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to dash off? |
| Ability — past perfect | menugulalğan edimugulalğanemI had been able to dash off | senugulalğan ediŋugulalğaneŋyou had been able to dash off | olugulalğan ediugulalğanedhe had been able to dash off | bizugulalğan edikugulalğanekwe had been able to dash off | sizugulalğan edigizugulalğanegizyou all had been able to dash off | alaugulalğan edileugulalğanellethey had been able to dash off |
| Ability — past perfect | menugulalmağan edimugulalmağanemI hadn't been able to dash off | senugulalmağan ediŋugulalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to dash off | olugulalmağan ediugulalmağanedhe hadn't been able to dash off | bizugulalmağan edikugulalmağanekwe hadn't been able to dash off | sizugulalmağan edigizugulalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to dash off | alaugulalmağan edileugulalmağanellethey hadn't been able to dash off |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menugulala edimugulalaemI could dash off | senugulala ediŋugulalaeŋyou could dash off | olugulala ediugulalaedhe could dash off | bizugulala edikugulalaekwe could dash off | sizugulala edigizugulalaegizyou all could dash off | alaugulala edileugulalaellethey could dash off |
| Ability — past background | menugulalmay edimugulalmayemI could not dash off | senugulalmay ediŋugulalmayeŋyou could not dash off | olugulalmay ediugulalmayedhe could not dash off | bizugulalmay edikugulalmayekwe could not dash off | sizugulalmay edigizugulalmayegizyou all could not dash off | alaugulalmay edileugulalmayellethey could not dash off |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menugulalırmaI will be able to dash off | senugulalırsayou will be able to dash off | olugulalırhe will be able to dash off | bizugulalırbızwe will be able to dash off | sizugulalırsızyou all will be able to dash off | alaugulalırlathey will be able to dash off |
| Ability — future I | menugulalmazmaI won't be able to dash off | senugulalmazsayou won't be able to dash off | olugulalmazhe won't be able to dash off | bizugulalmazbızwe won't be able to dash off | sizugulalmazsızyou all won't be able to dash off | alaugulalmazlathey won't be able to dash off |
| Ability — future I | menugulalırmamı? ugulalırmıma?will I be able to dash off? | senugulalırmısa?will you be able to dash off? | olugulalırmı?will he be able to dash off? | bizugulalırbızmı? ugulalırmıbız?will we be able to dash off? | sizugulalırmısız?will you all be able to dash off? | alaugulalırlamı? ugulalırmıla?will they be able to dash off? |
| Ability — future I | menugulalmazmamı? ugulalmazmıma?won't I be able to dash off? | senugulalmazmısa?won't you be able to dash off? | olugulalmazmı?won't he be able to dash off? | bizugulalmazbızmı? ugulalmazmıbız?won't we be able to dash off? | sizugulalmazmısız?won't you all be able to dash off? | alaugulalmazlamı? ugulalmazmıla?won't they be able to dash off? |
| Ability — future II | menugulallıqmaI am going to be able to dash off | senugulallıqsayou are going to be able to dash off | olugulallıqdıhe is going to be able to dash off | bizugulallıqbızwe are going to be able to dash off | sizugulallıqsızyou all are going to be able to dash off | alaugulallıqdılathey are going to be able to dash off |
| Ability — future II | menugulallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to dash off | senugulallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to dash off | olugulallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to dash off | bizugulallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to dash off | sizugulallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to dash off | alaugulallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to dash off |
| Ability — future II | menugulallıqmamı? ugulallıqmıma?am I going to be able to dash off? | senugulallıqmısa?are you going to be able to dash off? | olugulallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to dash off? | bizugulallıqbızmı? ugulallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to dash off? | sizugulallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to dash off? | alaugulallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to dash off? |
| Ability — future II | menugulallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to dash off? | senugulallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to dash off? | olugulallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to dash off? | bizugulallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to dash off? | sizugulallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to dash off? | alaugulallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to dash off? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menugulalır edimugulalır emI would be able to dash off | senugulalır ediŋugulalır eŋyou would be able to dash off | olugulalır ediugulalır edhe would be able to dash off | bizugulalır edikugulalır ekwe would be able to dash off | sizugulalır edigizugulalır egizyou all would be able to dash off | alaugulalır edileugulalır ellethey would be able to dash off |
| Ability — would be able to… | menugulalmaz edimugulalmaz emI wouldn't be able to dash off | senugulalmaz ediŋugulalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to dash off | olugulalmaz ediugulalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to dash off | bizugulalmaz edikugulalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to dash off | sizugulalmaz edigizugulalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to dash off | alaugulalmaz edileugulalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to dash off |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senugulalğınugulalğımay you be able to dash off | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senugulalmağınugulalmağımay you not be able to dash off | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menugulurğa izleymeI want to dash off | senugulurğa izleyseyou want to dash off | olugulurğa izleydihe wants to dash off | bizugulurğa izleybizwe want to dash off | sizugulurğa izleysizyou all want to dash off | alaugulurğa izleydilethey want to dash off |
| want to | menugulurğa izlemeymeI do not want to dash off | senugulurğa izlemeyseyou do not want to dash off | olugulurğa izlemeydihe does not want to dash off | bizugulurğa izlemeybizwe do not want to dash off | sizugulurğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to dash off | alaugulurğa izlemeydilethey do not want to dash off |
| would like to | menugulurğa süemeI would like to dash off | senugulurğa süeseyou would like to dash off | olugulurğa süedihe would like to dash off | bizugulurğa süebizwe would like to dash off | sizugulurğa süesizyou all would like to dash off | alaugulurğa süedilethey would like to dash off |
| would like to | menugulurğa süymeymeI would not like to dash off | senugulurğa süymeyseyou would not like to dash off | olugulurğa süymeydihe would not like to dash off | bizugulurğa süymeybizwe would not like to dash off | sizugulurğa süymeysizyou all would not like to dash off | alaugulurğa süymeydilethey would not like to dash off |
| hope to | menugulurğa umutlanamaI hope to dash off | senugulurğa umutlanasayou hope to dash off | olugulurğa umutlanadıhe hopes to dash off | bizugulurğa umutlanabızwe hope to dash off | sizugulurğa umutlanasızyou all hope to dash off | alaugulurğa umutlanadılathey hope to dash off |
| hope to | menugulurğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to dash off | senugulurğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to dash off | olugulurğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to dash off | bizugulurğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to dash off | sizugulurğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to dash off | alaugulurğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to dash off |
| be about to | menugulurğa deb turamaI am about to dash off | senugulurğa deb turasayou are about to dash off | olugulurğa deb turadıhe is about to dash off | bizugulurğa deb turabızwe are about to dash off | sizugulurğa deb turasızyou all are about to dash off | alaugulurğa deb turadılathey are about to dash off |
| be about to | menugulurğa deb turmaymaI am not about to dash off | senugulurğa deb turmaysayou are not about to dash off | olugulurğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to dash off | bizugulurğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to dash off | sizugulurğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to dash off | alaugulurğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to dash off |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menugulurğa kerekmeI need to dash off | senugulurğa kerekseyou need to dash off | olugulurğa kerekdihe needs to dash off | bizugulurğa kerekbizwe need to dash off | sizugulurğa kereksizyou all need to dash off | alaugulurğa kerekdilethey need to dash off |
| need to | menugulurğa kerek tülmeI do not need to dash off | senugulurğa kerek tülseyou do not need to dash off | olugulurğa kerek tüldühe does not need to dash off | bizugulurğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to dash off | sizugulurğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to dash off | alaugulurğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to dash off |
| have to | menmenŋe ugulurğa tüşediI have to dash off | sensenŋe ugulurğa tüşediyou have to dash off | olaŋa ugulurğa tüşedihe has to dash off | bizbizge ugulurğa tüşediwe have to dash off | sizsizge ugulurğa tüşediyou all have to dash off | alaalağa ugulurğa tüşedithey have to dash off |
| have to | menmenŋe ugulurğa tüşmeydiI do not have to dash off | sensenŋe ugulurğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to dash off | olaŋa ugulurğa tüşmeydihe does not have to dash off | bizbizge ugulurğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to dash off | sizsizge ugulurğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to dash off | alaalağa ugulurğa tüşmeydithey do not have to dash off |
| be obliged to | menugulurğa borçlumaI am obliged to dash off | senugulurğa borçlusayou are obliged to dash off | olugulurğa borçluduhe is obliged to dash off | bizugulurğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to dash off | sizugulurğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to dash off | alaugulurğa borçludulathey are obliged to dash off |
| be obliged to | menugulurğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to dash off | senugulurğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to dash off | olugulurğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to dash off | bizugulurğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to dash off | sizugulurğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to dash off | alaugulurğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to dash off |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menugulurğa madarım bardıI have a way to dash off | senugulurğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to dash off | olugulurğa madarı bardıhe has a way to dash off | bizugulurğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to dash off | sizugulurğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to dash off | alaugulurğa madarları bardıthey have a way to dash off |
| have a way to | menugulurğa madarım joqduI have no way to dash off | senugulurğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to dash off | olugulurğa madarı joqduhe has no way to dash off | bizugulurğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to dash off | sizugulurğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to dash off | alaugulurğa madarları joqduthey have no way to dash off |
| be free to | menugulurğa erkinligim bardıI am free to dash off | senugulurğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to dash off | olugulurğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to dash off | bizugulurğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to dash off | sizugulurğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to dash off | alaugulurğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to dash off |
| be free to | menugulurğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to dash off | senugulurğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to dash off | olugulurğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to dash off | bizugulurğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to dash off | sizugulurğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to dash off | alaugulurğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to dash off |
| be possible to | menmenŋe ugulurğa bolluqduit is possible for me to dash off | sensenŋe ugulurğa bolluqduit is possible for you to dash off | olaŋa ugulurğa bolluqduit is possible for him to dash off | bizbizge ugulurğa bolluqduit is possible for us to dash off | sizsizge ugulurğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to dash off | alaalağa ugulurğa bolluqduit is possible for them to dash off |
| be possible to | menmenŋe ugulurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to dash off | sensenŋe ugulurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to dash off | olaŋa ugulurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to dash off | bizbizge ugulurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to dash off | sizsizge ugulurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to dash off | alaalağa ugulurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to dash off |
| be ready to | menugulurğa hazırmaI am ready to dash off | senugulurğa hazırsayou are ready to dash off | olugulurğa hazırdıhe is ready to dash off | bizugulurğa hazırbızwe are ready to dash off | sizugulurğa hazırsızyou all are ready to dash off | alaugulurğa hazırdılathey are ready to dash off |
| be ready to | menugulurğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to dash off | senugulurğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to dash off | olugulurğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to dash off | bizugulurğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to dash off | sizugulurğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to dash off | alaugulurğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to dash off |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menugulurğa küreşemeI am trying to dash off | senugulurğa küreşeseyou are trying to dash off | olugulurğa küreşedihe is trying to dash off | bizugulurğa küreşebizwe are trying to dash off | sizugulurğa küreşesizyou all are trying to dash off | alaugulurğa küreşedilethey are trying to dash off |
| try to | menugulurğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to dash off | senugulurğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to dash off | olugulurğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to dash off | bizugulurğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to dash off | sizugulurğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to dash off | alaugulurğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to dash off |
| agree to | menugulurğa unaymaI agree to dash off | senugulurğa unaysayou agree to dash off | olugulurğa unaydıhe agrees to dash off | bizugulurğa unaybızwe agree to dash off | sizugulurğa unaysızyou all agree to dash off | alaugulurğa unaydılathey agree to dash off |
| agree to | menugulurğa unamaymaI refuse to dash off | senugulurğa unamaysayou refuse to dash off | olugulurğa unamaydıhe refuses to dash off | bizugulurğa unamaybızwe refuse to dash off | sizugulurğa unamaysızyou all refuse to dash off | alaugulurğa unamaydılathey refuse to dash off |
| hurry to | menugulurğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to dash off | senugulurğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to dash off | olugulurğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to dash off | bizugulurğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to dash off | sizugulurğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to dash off | alaugulurğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to dash off |
| hurry to | menugulurğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to dash off | senugulurğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to dash off | olugulurğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to dash off | bizugulurğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to dash off | sizugulurğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to dash off | alaugulurğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to dash off |
| be afraid to | menugulurğa qorqamaI am afraid to dash off | senugulurğa qorqasayou are afraid to dash off | olugulurğa qorqadıhe is afraid to dash off | bizugulurğa qorqabızwe are afraid to dash off | sizugulurğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to dash off | alaugulurğa qorqadılathey are afraid to dash off |
| be afraid to | menugulurğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to dash off | senugulurğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to dash off | olugulurğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to dash off | bizugulurğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to dash off | sizugulurğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to dash off | alaugulurğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to dash off |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menugula bolmazmaI can't be dashing off | senugula bolmazsayou can't be dashing off | olugula bolmazhe can't be dashing off | bizugula bolmazbızwe can't be dashing off | sizugula bolmazsızyou all can't be dashing off | alaugula bolmazlathey can't be dashing off |
| Inference, present — double negation | menugulmay bolmazmaI must be dashing off (emphatic) | senugulmay bolmazsayou must be dashing off (emphatic) | olugulmay bolmazhe must be dashing off (emphatic) | bizugulmay bolmazbızwe must be dashing off (emphatic) | sizugulmay bolmazsızyou all must be dashing off (emphatic) | alaugulmay bolmazlathey must be dashing off (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menugula turmasamif I don't keep dashing off | senugula turmasaŋif you don't keep dashing off | olugula turmasaif he doesn't keep dashing off | bizugula turmasaqif we don't keep dashing off | sizugula turmasağızif you all don't keep dashing off | alaugula turmasalaif they don't keep dashing off |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menugula tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of dashing off | senugula tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of dashing off | olugula tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of dashing off | bizugula tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of dashing off | sizugula tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of dashing off | alaugula tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of dashing off |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menugulmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not dashing off (emphatic) | senugulmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not dashing off (emphatic) | olugulmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not dashing off (emphatic) | bizugulmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not dashing off (emphatic) | sizugulmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not dashing off (emphatic) | alaugulmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not dashing off (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menugulmay turamaI keep on not dashing off | senugulmay turasayou keep on not dashing off | olugulmay turadıhe keeps on not dashing off | bizugulmay turabızwe keep on not dashing off | sizugulmay turasızyou all keep on not dashing off | alaugulmay turadılathey keep on not dashing off |
| Progressive — double negation | menugulmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not dashing off | senugulmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not dashing off | olugulmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not dashing off | bizugulmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not dashing off | sizugulmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not dashing off | alaugulmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not dashing off |
| Progressive — double negation | menugulmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not dashing off? | senugulmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not dashing off? | olugulmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not dashing off? | bizugulmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not dashing off? | sizugulmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not dashing off? | alaugulmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not dashing off? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menugulğan bolmazmaI can't have dashed off | senugulğan bolmazsayou can't have dashed off | olugulğan bolmazhe can't have dashed off | bizugulğan bolmazbızwe can't have dashed off | sizugulğan bolmazsızyou all can't have dashed off | alaugulğan bolmazlathey can't have dashed off |
| Inference — double negation | menugulmağan bolmazmaI must have dashed off (emphatic) | senugulmağan bolmazsayou must have dashed off (emphatic) | olugulmağan bolmazhe must have dashed off (emphatic) | bizugulmağan bolmazbızwe must have dashed off (emphatic) | sizugulmağan bolmazsızyou all must have dashed off (emphatic) | alaugulmağan bolmazlathey must have dashed off (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menugulğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had dashed off | senugulğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had dashed off | olugulğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had dashed off | bizugulğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had dashed off | sizugulğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had dashed off | alaugulğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had dashed off |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menugulmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't dashed off | senugulmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't dashed off | olugulmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't dashed off | bizugulmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't dashed off | sizugulmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't dashed off | alaugulmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't dashed off |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menugulluq bolmazmaI can't be going to dash off | senugulluq bolmazsayou can't be going to dash off | olugulluq bolmazhe can't be going to dash off | bizugulluq bolmazbızwe can't be going to dash off | sizugulluq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to dash off | alaugulluq bolmazlathey can't be going to dash off |
| Inference, future — double negation | menugulmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to dash off (emphatic) | senugulmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to dash off (emphatic) | olugulmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to dash off (emphatic) | bizugulmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to dash off (emphatic) | sizugulmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to dash off (emphatic) | alaugulmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to dash off (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menugulluq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to dash off | senugulluq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to dash off | olugulluq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to dash off | bizugulluq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to dash off | sizugulluq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to dash off | alaugulluq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to dash off |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menugulmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to dash off | senugulmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to dash off | olugulmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to dash off | bizugulmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to dash off | sizugulmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to dash off | alaugulmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to dash off |