tüşgen
/tyʃɡen/ · plural tüşgenle
past participle of tüşerge →
1. fallen, dropped, descended
- jerge tüşgen alma — an apple fallen to the ground
- terekden tüşgen alma — an apple fallen from the tree
- arbadan tüşgen adam — the man who got down from the cart
- qolundan tüşgen bıçaqnı aldı — he picked up the knife that fell from his hand
- tawdan tüşgen suw özenŋe baradı — the water coming down from the mountain goes to the valley
- tüşgen köget ornuna bitmez — a fallen fruit will not grow back in its place
- tüşgen altın tabılır — dropped gold will be found
2. that happened, that befell someone, that broke out
- ot tüşgen üy — a house where a fire broke out
- alağa tüşgen qıyınlıq — the misfortune that befell them
- elge tüşgen qorquw — the danger that came upon the village
- başha tüşgen qıyınlıqğa sabır et — be patient with the hardship that has befallen you
3. profit, proceeds, revenue, earnings — Usually carries a possessive suffix naming whose takings they are. one source
- bügün tüşgeni jüz somdu — today the proceeds are a hundred rubles
- bu ayda tüşgeni köbdü — this month the profit is large
- tüşgenibiz az boldu — our proceeds were small
4. outbreak, occurrence, emergence — Normally used with a possessive suffix naming the thing that arose. one source
- otnu tüşgeni — the outbreak of the fire
- qıyınlıqnı tüşgeni — the coming of misfortune
- anı tüşgenin bilebiz — we know of its occurrence
Expressions
- içi tüşgen eçki kibik — skin and bone
- jünŋe tüşgen tawuqça — disheveled, unkempt; flustered, at a loss
- kesin kökden tüşgen sunarğa — think oneself superior
- kün anasını qoyununa tüşgen — winter solstice
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | tüşgenthe profit | tüşgenimmy profit | tüşgeniŋyour profit | tüşgenihis profit | tüşgenibizour profit | tüşgenigizyou all's profit | tüşgenleritheir profits |
| Genitive | tüşgennithe profit's | tüşgenimimy profit's | tüşgeniŋiyour profit's | tüşgeninihis profit's | tüşgenibizniour profit's | tüşgenigizniyou all's profit's | tüşgenlerinitheir profits' |
| Accusative | tüşgennithe profit (as the object) | tüşgenimimy profit (as the object) | tüşgeniŋiyour profit (as the object) | tüşgeninhis profit (as the object) | tüşgenibizniour profit (as the object) | tüşgenigizniyou all's profit (as the object) | tüşgenlerintheir profits (as the object) |
| Dative | tüşgenŋeto the profit | tüşgenimeto my profit | tüşgeniŋeto your profit | tüşgenineto his profit | tüşgenibizgeto our profit | tüşgenigizgeto you all's profit | tüşgenlerineto their profits |
| Locative | tüşgendein / at the profit | tüşgenimdein / at my profit | tüşgeniŋdein / at your profit | tüşgenindein / at his profit | tüşgenibizdein / at our profit | tüşgenigizdein / at you all's profit | tüşgenlerindein / at their profits |
| Ablative | tüşgendenfrom the profit | tüşgenimdenfrom my profit | tüşgeniŋdenfrom your profit | tüşgenindenfrom his profit | tüşgenibizdenfrom our profit | tüşgenigizdenfrom you all's profit | tüşgenlerindenfrom their profits |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | tüşgenlethe profits | tüşgenlerimmy profits | tüşgenleriŋyour profits | tüşgenlerihis profits | tüşgenleribizour profits | tüşgenlerigizyou all's profits | tüşgenleritheir profits |
| Genitive | tüşgenlenithe profits' | tüşgenlerimimy profits' | tüşgenleriŋiyour profits' | tüşgenlerinihis profits' | tüşgenleribizniour profits' | tüşgenlerigizniyou all's profits' | tüşgenlerinitheir profits' |
| Accusative | tüşgenlenithe profits (as the object) | tüşgenlerimimy profits (as the object) | tüşgenleriŋiyour profits (as the object) | tüşgenlerinhis profits (as the object) | tüşgenleribizniour profits (as the object) | tüşgenlerigizniyou all's profits (as the object) | tüşgenlerintheir profits (as the object) |
| Dative | tüşgenlegeto the profits | tüşgenlerimeto my profits | tüşgenleriŋeto your profits | tüşgenlerineto his profits | tüşgenleribizgeto our profits | tüşgenlerigizgeto you all's profits | tüşgenlerineto their profits |
| Locative | tüşgenledein / at the profits | tüşgenlerimdein / at my profits | tüşgenleriŋdein / at your profits | tüşgenlerindein / at his profits | tüşgenleribizdein / at our profits | tüşgenlerigizdein / at you all's profits | tüşgenlerindein / at their profits |
| Ablative | tüşgenledenfrom the profits | tüşgenlerimdenfrom my profits | tüşgenleriŋdenfrom your profits | tüşgenlerindenfrom his profits | tüşgenleribizdenfrom our profits | tüşgenlerigizdenfrom you all's profits | tüşgenlerindenfrom their profits |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: tüşgenleri can mean "his / her profits", "their profit", or "their profits" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
Which reading? Look at what follows.
| tüşgen + noun | the one who falls (the noun is the doer) |
|---|---|
| tüşgeni, nothing after | someone's falling |
| tüşgeni under bilirge, körürge | that someone falls |
Cases with an owner
The endings on tüşgeni, the form with a third-person owner. Every other owner takes the same six.
| nominative | tüşgenihis / her having fallen |
|---|---|
| genitive | tüşgeninihis / her having fallen's |
| accusative | tüşgeninhis / her having fallen |
| dative | tüşgenineto his / her having fallen |
| locative | tüşgenindewhen he / she fell |
| ablative | tüşgenindenafter he / she fell |
Negative
| the negative | tüşmegenthe one that didn't fall |
|---|---|
| his / her | tüşmegenihis / her not having fallen |