tuwarırğa
/tuwarɯrʁa/
1. unharness, unsaddle, unhitch (a draft or riding animal)
- atlanı tuwarırğa — to unharness the horses
- ögüzleni tuwardıq — we unhitched the oxen
- eşekleni tuwardıla — they unharnessed the donkeys
- ögüzleni tuwar — unhitch the oxen
- atnı tuwarıb otlatdı — he unsaddled the horse and let it graze
2. unload, take the load off (a cart or sledge)
- arbanı tuwarırğa — to take the load off the cart
- çananı tuwarırğa — to unload the sledge
- arbanı tuwardıq — we unloaded the cart
- atını jügün tuwardı — he took the load off his horse
- jüknü tuwardıla — they unloaded the burden
- maşinanı tuwarıb boşadıla — they finished unloading the vehicle
3. leave to fend for itself, abandon; leave (something) to someone, dump on someone, shift onto someone
- mallanı menŋe tuwardıla da qoydula — they dumped the livestock on me and left
- işni qarnaşına tuwarıb şaharğa ketgendi — he shifted the work onto his brother and left for the city
- sabiylerin honşuğa tuwardı — he dumped his children on the neighbor
- mallanı qawdanŋa tuwarıb qoymağız — do not leave the livestock to fend for themselves on dry grass
- bılay tuwarıb qoydula — they left me with nothing
4. take apart, dismantle one source
- arbanı tuwarıb jıydıla — they dismantled the cart and put it away
- eski üynü tuwardıla — they took the old house apart
- uşkogun tuwarıb bıçaqlıq tüşürgenley — like taking his gun apart and saving metal for a knife
Conjugation
Common forms
- tuwaradıhe is unharnessing
- tuwardıhe unharnessed
- tuwarğandıhe has unharnessed
- tuwarırhe will unharness
- tuwarlıqdıhe is going to unharness
- tuwara edihe was unharnessing
- tuwarsaif he unharnesses
- tuwar!unharness!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentuwaramaI am unharnessing | sentuwarasayou are unharnessing | oltuwaradıhe is unharnessing | biztuwarabızwe are unharnessing | siztuwarasızyou all are unharnessing | alatuwaradılathey are unharnessing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentuwarmaymaI am not unharnessing | sentuwarmaysayou are not unharnessing | oltuwarmaydıhe is not unharnessing | biztuwarmaybızwe are not unharnessing | siztuwarmaysızyou all are not unharnessing | alatuwarmaydılathey are not unharnessing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentuwaramamı? tuwaramıma?am I unharnessing? | sentuwaramısa?are you unharnessing? | oltuwaramıdı?is he unharnessing? | biztuwarabızmı? tuwaramıbız?are we unharnessing? | siztuwaramısız?are you all unharnessing? | alatuwaramıdıla?are they unharnessing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentuwarmaymamı? tuwarmaymıma?aren't I unharnessing? | sentuwarmaymısa?aren't you unharnessing? | oltuwarmaymıdı?isn't he unharnessing? | biztuwarmaybızmı? tuwarmaymıbız?aren't we unharnessing? | siztuwarmaymısız?aren't you all unharnessing? | alatuwarmaymıdıla?aren't they unharnessing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentuwarıwçanmaI usually unharness | sentuwarıwçansayou usually unharness | oltuwarıwçandıhe usually unharnesses | biztuwarıwçanbızwe usually unharness | siztuwarıwçansızyou all usually unharness | alatuwarıwçandılathey usually unharness |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentuwarmawçanmaI usually don't unharness | sentuwarmawçansayou usually don't unharness | oltuwarmawçandıhe usually doesn't unharness | biztuwarmawçanbızwe usually don't unharness | siztuwarmawçansızyou all usually don't unharness | alatuwarmawçandılathey usually don't unharness |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentuwarıwçanmamı? tuwarıwçanmıma?do I usually unharness? | sentuwarıwçanmısa?do you usually unharness? | oltuwarıwçanmıdı?does he usually unharness? | biztuwarıwçanbızmı? tuwarıwçanmıbız?do we usually unharness? | siztuwarıwçanmısız?do you all usually unharness? | alatuwarıwçanmıdıla?do they usually unharness? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentuwarmawçanmamı? tuwarmawçanmıma?do I usually not unharness? | sentuwarmawçanmısa?do you usually not unharness? | oltuwarmawçanmıdı?does he usually not unharness? | biztuwarmawçanbızmı? tuwarmawçanmıbız?do we usually not unharness? | siztuwarmawçanmısız?do you all usually not unharness? | alatuwarmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not unharness? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltuwarıbdıhe has unharnessed and remains so | alatuwarıbdılathey have unharnessed and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltuwarıbmıdı?has he unharnessed? | alatuwarıbmıdıla?have they unharnessed? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentuwarıb turamaI keep unharnessing | sentuwarıb turasayou keep unharnessing | oltuwarıb turadıhe keeps unharnessing | biztuwarıb turabızwe keep unharnessing | siztuwarıb turasızyou all keep unharnessing | alatuwarıb turadılathey keep unharnessing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentuwarıb turmaymaI don't keep unharnessing | sentuwarıb turmaysayou don't keep unharnessing | oltuwarıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep unharnessing | biztuwarıb turmaybızwe don't keep unharnessing | siztuwarıb turmaysızyou all don't keep unharnessing | alatuwarıb turmaydılathey don't keep unharnessing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentuwarıb turamamı? tuwarıb turamıma?do I keep unharnessing? | sentuwarıb turamısa?do you keep unharnessing? | oltuwarıb turamıdı?does he keep unharnessing? | biztuwarıb turabızmı? tuwarıb turamıbız?do we keep unharnessing? | siztuwarıb turamısız?do you all keep unharnessing? | alatuwarıb turamıdıla?do they keep unharnessing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentuwarıb turmaymamı? tuwarıb turmaymıma?don't I keep unharnessing? | sentuwarıb turmaymısa?don't you keep unharnessing? | oltuwarıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep unharnessing? | biztuwarıb turmaybızmı? tuwarıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep unharnessing? | siztuwarıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep unharnessing? | alatuwarıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep unharnessing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentuwara turamaI am in the middle of unharnessing | sentuwara turasayou are in the middle of unharnessing | oltuwara turadıhe is in the middle of unharnessing | biztuwara turabızwe are in the middle of unharnessing | siztuwara turasızyou all are in the middle of unharnessing | alatuwara turadılathey are in the middle of unharnessing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentuwara turmaymaI am not in the middle of unharnessing | sentuwara turmaysayou are not in the middle of unharnessing | oltuwara turmaydıhe is not in the middle of unharnessing | biztuwara turmaybızwe are not in the middle of unharnessing | siztuwara turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of unharnessing | alatuwara turmaydılathey are not in the middle of unharnessing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentuwara turamamı? tuwara turamıma?am I in the middle of unharnessing? | sentuwara turamısa?are you in the middle of unharnessing? | oltuwara turamıdı?is he in the middle of unharnessing? | biztuwara turabızmı? tuwara turamıbız?are we in the middle of unharnessing? | siztuwara turamısız?are you all in the middle of unharnessing? | alatuwara turamıdıla?are they in the middle of unharnessing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentuwara turmaymamı? tuwara turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of unharnessing? | sentuwara turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of unharnessing? | oltuwara turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of unharnessing? | biztuwara turmaybızmı? tuwara turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of unharnessing? | siztuwara turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of unharnessing? | alatuwara turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of unharnessing? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentuwardımI unharnessed | sentuwardıŋyou unharnessed | oltuwardıhe unharnessed | biztuwardıqwe unharnessed | siztuwardığızyou all unharnessed | alatuwardılathey unharnessed |
| Simple past (definite) | mentuwarmadımI didn't unharness | sentuwarmadıŋyou didn't unharness | oltuwarmadıhe didn't unharness | biztuwarmadıqwe didn't unharness | siztuwarmadığızyou all didn't unharness | alatuwarmadılathey didn't unharness |
| Simple past (definite) | mentuwardımmı?did I unharness? | sentuwardıŋmı?did you unharness? | oltuwardımı?did he unharness? | biztuwardıqmı?did we unharness? | siztuwardığızmı?did you all unharness? | alatuwardılamı?did they unharness? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentuwarmadımmı?didn't I unharness? | sentuwarmadıŋmı?didn't you unharness? | oltuwarmadımı?didn't he unharness? | biztuwarmadıqmı?didn't we unharness? | siztuwarmadığızmı?didn't you all unharness? | alatuwarmadılamı?didn't they unharness? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentuwarğanmaI have unharnessed | sentuwarğansayou have unharnessed | oltuwarğandıhe has unharnessed | biztuwarğanbızwe have unharnessed | siztuwarğansızyou all have unharnessed | alatuwarğandılathey have unharnessed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentuwarmağanmaI haven't unharnessed | sentuwarmağansayou haven't unharnessed | oltuwarmağandıhe hasn't unharnessed | biztuwarmağanbızwe haven't unharnessed | siztuwarmağansızyou all haven't unharnessed | alatuwarmağandılathey haven't unharnessed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentuwarğanmamı? tuwarğanmıma?have I unharnessed? | sentuwarğanmısa?have you unharnessed? | oltuwarğanmıdı?has he unharnessed? | biztuwarğanbızmı? tuwarğanmıbız?have we unharnessed? | siztuwarğanmısız?have you all unharnessed? | alatuwarğanmıdıla?have they unharnessed? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentuwarmağanmamı? tuwarmağanmıma?haven't I unharnessed? | sentuwarmağanmısa?haven't you unharnessed? | oltuwarmağanmıdı?hasn't he unharnessed? | biztuwarmağanbızmı? tuwarmağanmıbız?haven't we unharnessed? | siztuwarmağanmısız?haven't you all unharnessed? | alatuwarmağanmıdıla?haven't they unharnessed? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentuwarıb turdumI kept unharnessing | sentuwarıb turduŋyou kept unharnessing | oltuwarıb turduhe kept unharnessing | biztuwarıb turduqwe kept unharnessing | siztuwarıb turduğuzyou all kept unharnessing | alatuwarıb turdulathey kept unharnessing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentuwarıb turmadımI didn't keep unharnessing | sentuwarıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep unharnessing | oltuwarıb turmadıhe didn't keep unharnessing | biztuwarıb turmadıqwe didn't keep unharnessing | siztuwarıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep unharnessing | alatuwarıb turmadılathey didn't keep unharnessing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentuwarırmaI will unharness | sentuwarırsayou will unharness | oltuwarırhe will unharness | biztuwarırbızwe will unharness | siztuwarırsızyou all will unharness | alatuwarırlathey will unharness |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentuwarmazmaI won't unharness | sentuwarmazsayou won't unharness | oltuwarmazhe won't unharness | biztuwarmazbızwe won't unharness | siztuwarmazsızyou all won't unharness | alatuwarmazlathey won't unharness |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentuwarırmamı? tuwarırmıma?will I unharness? | sentuwarırmısa?will you unharness? | oltuwarırmı?will he unharness? | biztuwarırbızmı? tuwarırmıbız?will we unharness? | siztuwarırmısız?will you all unharness? | alatuwarırlamı? tuwarırmıla?will they unharness? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentuwarmazmamı? tuwarmazmıma?won't I unharness? | sentuwarmazmısa?won't you unharness? | oltuwarmazmı?won't he unharness? | biztuwarmazbızmı? tuwarmazmıbız?won't we unharness? | siztuwarmazmısız?won't you all unharness? | alatuwarmazlamı? tuwarmazmıla?won't they unharness? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentuwarlıqma1tuwarrıqmaI am going to unharness | sentuwarlıqsa1tuwarrıqsayou are going to unharness | oltuwarlıqdı1tuwarrıqdıhe is going to unharness | biztuwarlıqbız1tuwarrıqbızwe are going to unharness | siztuwarlıqsız1tuwarrıqsızyou all are going to unharness | alatuwarlıqdıla1tuwarrıqdılathey are going to unharness |
| Definite future (future II) | mentuwarlıq tülme1tuwarrıq tülmeI am not going to unharness | sentuwarlıq tülse1tuwarrıq tülseyou are not going to unharness | oltuwarlıq tüldü1tuwarrıq tüldühe is not going to unharness | biztuwarlıq tülbüz1tuwarrıq tülbüzwe are not going to unharness | siztuwarlıq tülsüz1tuwarrıq tülsüzyou all are not going to unharness | alatuwarlıq tüldüle1tuwarrıq tüldülethey are not going to unharness |
| Definite future (future II) | mentuwarlıqmamı?1 tuwarlıqmıma?tuwarrıqmamı?am I going to unharness? | sentuwarlıqmısa?1tuwarrıqmısa?are you going to unharness? | oltuwarlıqmıdı?1tuwarrıqmıdı?is he going to unharness? | biztuwarlıqbızmı?1 tuwarlıqmıbız?tuwarrıqbızmı?are we going to unharness? | siztuwarlıqmısız?1tuwarrıqmısız?are you all going to unharness? | alatuwarlıqmıdıla?1tuwarrıqmıdıla?are they going to unharness? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentuwarlıq tülmüme?1tuwarrıq tülmüme?aren't I going to unharness? | sentuwarlıq tülmüse?1tuwarrıq tülmüse?aren't you going to unharness? | oltuwarlıq tülmüdü?1tuwarrıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to unharness? | biztuwarlıq tülmübüz?1tuwarrıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to unharness? | siztuwarlıq tülmüsüz?1tuwarrıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to unharness? | alatuwarlıq tülmüdüle?1tuwarrıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to unharness? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so tuwarrıqdı
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentuwarğan edimtuwarğanemI had unharnessed | sentuwarğan ediŋtuwarğaneŋyou had unharnessed | oltuwarğan edituwarğanedhe had unharnessed | biztuwarğan ediktuwarğanekwe had unharnessed | siztuwarğan edigiztuwarğanegizyou all had unharnessed | alatuwarğan ediletuwarğanellethey had unharnessed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentuwarmağan edimtuwarmağanemI hadn't unharnessed | sentuwarmağan ediŋtuwarmağaneŋyou hadn't unharnessed | oltuwarmağan edituwarmağanedhe hadn't unharnessed | biztuwarmağan ediktuwarmağanekwe hadn't unharnessed | siztuwarmağan edigiztuwarmağanegizyou all hadn't unharnessed | alatuwarmağan ediletuwarmağanellethey hadn't unharnessed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentuwara edimtuwaraemI was unharnessing | sentuwara ediŋtuwaraeŋyou were unharnessing | oltuwara edituwaraedhe was unharnessing | biztuwara ediktuwaraekwe were unharnessing | siztuwara edigiztuwaraegizyou all were unharnessing | alatuwara ediletuwaraellethey were unharnessing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentuwarmay edimtuwarmayemI wasn't unharnessing | sentuwarmay ediŋtuwarmayeŋyou weren't unharnessing | oltuwarmay edituwarmayedhe wasn't unharnessing | biztuwarmay ediktuwarmayekwe weren't unharnessing | siztuwarmay edigiztuwarmayegizyou all weren't unharnessing | alatuwarmay ediletuwarmayellethey weren't unharnessing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mentuwarıwçan edimtuwarıwçanemI used to unharness | sentuwarıwçan ediŋtuwarıwçaneŋyou used to unharness | oltuwarıwçan edituwarıwçanedhe used to unharness | biztuwarıwçan ediktuwarıwçanekwe used to unharness | siztuwarıwçan edigiztuwarıwçanegizyou all used to unharness | alatuwarıwçan ediletuwarıwçanellethey used to unharness |
| Habitual past (used to) | mentuwarmawçan edimtuwarmawçanemI didn't use to unharness | sentuwarmawçan ediŋtuwarmawçaneŋyou didn't use to unharness | oltuwarmawçan edituwarmawçanedhe didn't use to unharness | biztuwarmawçan ediktuwarmawçanekwe didn't use to unharness | siztuwarmawçan edigiztuwarmawçanegizyou all didn't use to unharness | alatuwarmawçan ediletuwarmawçanellethey didn't use to unharness |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltuwarıb edihe had unharnessed and remained so | alatuwarıb edilethey had unharnessed and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltuwarıb tül edihe hadn't unharnessed | alatuwarıb tül edilethey hadn't unharnessed | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentuwarıb tura edimtuwarıb turaemI had kept unharnessing | sentuwarıb tura ediŋtuwarıb turaeŋyou had kept unharnessing | oltuwarıb tura edituwarıb turaedhe had kept unharnessing | biztuwarıb tura ediktuwarıb turaekwe had kept unharnessing | siztuwarıb tura edigiztuwarıb turaegizyou all had kept unharnessing | alatuwarıb tura ediletuwarıb turaellethey had kept unharnessing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentuwarıb turmay edimtuwarıb turmayemI hadn't kept unharnessing | sentuwarıb turmay ediŋtuwarıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept unharnessing | oltuwarıb turmay edituwarıb turmayedhe hadn't kept unharnessing | biztuwarıb turmay ediktuwarıb turmayekwe hadn't kept unharnessing | siztuwarıb turmay edigiztuwarıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept unharnessing | alatuwarıb turmay ediletuwarıb turmayellethey hadn't kept unharnessing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentuwara tura edimtuwara turaemI was in the middle of unharnessing | sentuwara tura ediŋtuwara turaeŋyou were in the middle of unharnessing | oltuwara tura edituwara turaedhe was in the middle of unharnessing | biztuwara tura ediktuwara turaekwe were in the middle of unharnessing | siztuwara tura edigiztuwara turaegizyou all were in the middle of unharnessing | alatuwara tura ediletuwara turaellethey were in the middle of unharnessing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentuwara turmay edimtuwara turmayemI wasn't in the middle of unharnessing | sentuwara turmay ediŋtuwara turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of unharnessing | oltuwara turmay edituwara turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of unharnessing | biztuwara turmay ediktuwara turmayekwe weren't in the middle of unharnessing | siztuwara turmay edigiztuwara turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of unharnessing | alatuwara turmay ediletuwara turmayellethey weren't in the middle of unharnessing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mentuwarır edimtuwarır emI would unharness | sentuwarır ediŋtuwarır eŋyou would unharness | oltuwarır edituwarır edhe would unharness | biztuwarır ediktuwarır ekwe would unharness | siztuwarır edigiztuwarır egizyou all would unharness | alatuwarır ediletuwarır ellethey would unharness |
| Conditional result (would) | mentuwarmaz edimtuwarmaz emI wouldn't unharness | sentuwarmaz ediŋtuwarmaz eŋyou wouldn't unharness | oltuwarmaz edituwarmaz edhe wouldn't unharness | biztuwarmaz ediktuwarmaz ekwe wouldn't unharness | siztuwarmaz edigiztuwarmaz egizyou all wouldn't unharness | alatuwarmaz ediletuwarmaz ellethey wouldn't unharness |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentuwarlıq edim2tuwarlıq emtuwarrıq edimI would have unharnessed | sentuwarlıq ediŋ2tuwarlıq eŋtuwarrıq ediŋyou would have unharnessed | oltuwarlıq edi2tuwarlıq edtuwarrıq edihe would have unharnessed | biztuwarlıq edik2tuwarlıq ektuwarrıq edikwe would have unharnessed | siztuwarlıq edigiz2tuwarlıq egiztuwarrıq edigizyou all would have unharnessed | alatuwarlıq edile2tuwarlıq elletuwarrıq edilethey would have unharnessed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentuwarlıq tül edim2tuwarlıq tül emtuwarrıq tül edimI wouldn't have unharnessed | sentuwarlıq tül ediŋ2tuwarlıq tül eŋtuwarrıq tül ediŋyou wouldn't have unharnessed | oltuwarlıq tül edi2tuwarlıq tül edtuwarrıq tül edihe wouldn't have unharnessed | biztuwarlıq tül edik2tuwarlıq tül ektuwarrıq tül edikwe wouldn't have unharnessed | siztuwarlıq tül edigiz2tuwarlıq tül egiztuwarrıq tül edigizyou all wouldn't have unharnessed | alatuwarlıq tül edile2tuwarlıq tül elletuwarrıq tül edilethey wouldn't have unharnessed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so tuwarrıq edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mentuwarsamif I unharness | sentuwarsaŋif you unharness | oltuwarsaif he unharnesses | biztuwarsaqif we unharness | siztuwarsağızif you all unharness | alatuwarsalaif they unharness |
| Conditional | mentuwarmasamif I don't unharness | sentuwarmasaŋif you don't unharness | oltuwarmasaif he doesn't unharness | biztuwarmasaqif we don't unharness | siztuwarmasağızif you all don't unharness | alatuwarmasalaif they don't unharness |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mentuwara esemif I am unharnessing | sentuwara eseŋif you are unharnessing | oltuwara eseif he is unharnessing | biztuwara esekif we are unharnessing | siztuwara esegizif you all are unharnessing | alatuwara eseleif they are unharnessing |
| Conditional, present real | mentuwarmay esemif I am not unharnessing | sentuwarmay eseŋif you are not unharnessing | oltuwarmay eseif he is not unharnessing | biztuwarmay esekif we are not unharnessing | siztuwarmay esegizif you all are not unharnessing | alatuwarmay eseleif they are not unharnessing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentuwarsam edituwarsam edif only I unharnessed | sentuwarsaŋ edituwarsaŋ edif only you unharnessed | oltuwarsa edituwarsaedif only he unharnessed | biztuwarsaq edituwarsaq edif only we unharnessed | siztuwarsağız edituwarsağız edif only you all unharnessed | alatuwarsala edituwarsalaedif only they unharnessed |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentuwarmasam edituwarmasam edif only I didn't unharness | sentuwarmasaŋ edituwarmasaŋ edif only you didn't unharness | oltuwarmasa edituwarmasaedif only he didn't unharness | biztuwarmasaq edituwarmasaq edif only we didn't unharness | siztuwarmasağız edituwarmasağız edif only you all didn't unharness | alatuwarmasala edituwarmasalaedif only they didn't unharness |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mentuwarıb tursamif I carry on unharnessing | sentuwarıb tursaŋif you carry on unharnessing | oltuwarıb tursaif he carries on unharnessing | biztuwarıb tursaqif we carry on unharnessing | siztuwarıb tursağızif you all carry on unharnessing | alatuwarıb tursalaif they carry on unharnessing |
| Durative conditional | mentuwarıb turmasamif I don't carry on unharnessing | sentuwarıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on unharnessing | oltuwarıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on unharnessing | biztuwarıb turmasaqif we don't carry on unharnessing | siztuwarıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on unharnessing | alatuwarıb turmasalaif they don't carry on unharnessing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mentuwarıb tura esemif I have kept unharnessing | sentuwarıb tura eseŋif you have kept unharnessing | oltuwarıb tura eseif he has kept unharnessing | biztuwarıb tura esekif we have kept unharnessing | siztuwarıb tura esegizif you all have kept unharnessing | alatuwarıb tura eseleif they have kept unharnessing |
| Durative conditional, present real | mentuwarıb turmay esemif I haven't kept unharnessing | sentuwarıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept unharnessing | oltuwarıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept unharnessing | biztuwarıb turmay esekif we haven't kept unharnessing | siztuwarıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept unharnessing | alatuwarıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept unharnessing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mentuwara tursamif I keep unharnessing | sentuwara tursaŋif you keep unharnessing | oltuwara tursaif he keeps unharnessing | biztuwara tursaqif we keep unharnessing | siztuwara tursağızif you all keep unharnessing | alatuwara tursalaif they keep unharnessing |
| Progressive conditional | mentuwarmay tursamif I keep on not unharnessing | sentuwarmay tursaŋif you keep on not unharnessing | oltuwarmay tursaif he keeps on not unharnessing | biztuwarmay tursaqif we keep on not unharnessing | siztuwarmay tursağızif you all keep on not unharnessing | alatuwarmay tursalaif they keep on not unharnessing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentuwara tura esemif I am in the middle of unharnessing | sentuwara tura eseŋif you are in the middle of unharnessing | oltuwara tura eseif he is in the middle of unharnessing | biztuwara tura esekif we are in the middle of unharnessing | siztuwara tura esegizif you all are in the middle of unharnessing | alatuwara tura eseleif they are in the middle of unharnessing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentuwarmay tura esemif I keep on not unharnessing | sentuwarmay tura eseŋif you keep on not unharnessing | oltuwarmay tura eseif he keeps on not unharnessing | biztuwarmay tura esekif we keep on not unharnessing | siztuwarmay tura esegizif you all keep on not unharnessing | alatuwarmay tura eseleif they keep on not unharnessing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | mentuwardım esemif I unharnessed | sentuwardıŋ eseŋif you unharnessed | oltuwardı eseif he unharnessed | biztuwardıq esekif we unharnessed | siztuwardığız esegizif you all unharnessed | alatuwardıla eseleif they unharnessed |
| Conditional, definite past3 | mentuwarmadım esemif I didn't unharness | sentuwarmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't unharness | oltuwarmadı eseif he didn't unharness | biztuwarmadıq esekif we didn't unharness | siztuwarmadığız esegizif you all didn't unharness | alatuwarmadıla eseleif they didn't unharness |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mentuwarğan esemif I did unharness (indeed) | sentuwarğan eseŋif you did unharness (indeed) | oltuwarğan eseif he did unharness (indeed) | biztuwarğan esekif we did unharness (indeed) | siztuwarğan esegizif you all did unharness (indeed) | alatuwarğan eseleif they did unharness (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mentuwarmağan esemif I didn't unharness (indeed) | sentuwarmağan eseŋif you didn't unharness (indeed) | oltuwarmağan eseif he didn't unharness (indeed) | biztuwarmağan esekif we didn't unharness (indeed) | siztuwarmağan esegizif you all didn't unharness (indeed) | alatuwarmağan eseleif they didn't unharness (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentuwarğan bolsamif I had unharnessed | sentuwarğan bolsaŋif you had unharnessed | oltuwarğan bolsaif he had unharnessed | biztuwarğan bolsaqif we had unharnessed | siztuwarğan bolsağızif you all had unharnessed | alatuwarğan bolsalaif they had unharnessed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentuwarmağan bolsamif I hadn't unharnessed | sentuwarmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't unharnessed | oltuwarmağan bolsaif he hadn't unharnessed | biztuwarmağan bolsaqif we hadn't unharnessed | siztuwarmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't unharnessed | alatuwarmağan bolsalaif they hadn't unharnessed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentuwarğan bolsam edituwarğan bolsam edif only I had unharnessed | sentuwarğan bolsaŋ edituwarğan bolsaŋ edif only you had unharnessed | oltuwarğan bolsa edituwarğan bolsaedif only he had unharnessed | biztuwarğan bolsaq edituwarğan bolsaq edif only we had unharnessed | siztuwarğan bolsağız edituwarğan bolsağız edif only you all had unharnessed | alatuwarğan bolsala edituwarğan bolsalaedif only they had unharnessed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentuwarmağan bolsam edituwarmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't unharnessed | sentuwarmağan bolsaŋ edituwarmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't unharnessed | oltuwarmağan bolsa edituwarmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't unharnessed | biztuwarmağan bolsaq edituwarmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't unharnessed | siztuwarmağan bolsağız edituwarmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't unharnessed | alatuwarmağan bolsala edituwarmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't unharnessed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mentuwarır esemif I will unharness | sentuwarır eseŋif you will unharness | oltuwarır eseif he will unharness | biztuwarır esekif we will unharness | siztuwarır esegizif you all will unharness | alatuwarır eseleif they will unharness |
| Conditional, aorist | mentuwarmaz esemif I won't unharness | sentuwarmaz eseŋif you won't unharness | oltuwarmaz eseif he won't unharness | biztuwarmaz esekif we won't unharness | siztuwarmaz esegizif you all won't unharness | alatuwarmaz eseleif they won't unharness |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mentuwarlıq esem4tuwarrıq esemif I am going to unharness | sentuwarlıq eseŋ4tuwarrıq eseŋif you are going to unharness | oltuwarlıq ese4tuwarrıq eseif he is going to unharness | biztuwarlıq esek4tuwarrıq esekif we are going to unharness | siztuwarlıq esegiz4tuwarrıq esegizif you all are going to unharness | alatuwarlıq esele4tuwarrıq eseleif they are going to unharness |
| Conditional, future | mentuwarlıq tül esem4tuwarrıq tül esemif I am not going to unharness | sentuwarlıq tül eseŋ4tuwarrıq tül eseŋif you are not going to unharness | oltuwarlıq tül ese4tuwarrıq tül eseif he is not going to unharness | biztuwarlıq tül esek4tuwarrıq tül esekif we are not going to unharness | siztuwarlıq tül esegiz4tuwarrıq tül esegizif you all are not going to unharness | alatuwarlıq tül esele4tuwarrıq tül eseleif they are not going to unharness |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentuwarlıq bolsam5tuwarrıq bolsamif I were going to unharness | sentuwarlıq bolsaŋ5tuwarrıq bolsaŋif you were going to unharness | oltuwarlıq bolsa5tuwarrıq bolsaif he were going to unharness | biztuwarlıq bolsaq5tuwarrıq bolsaqif we were going to unharness | siztuwarlıq bolsağız5tuwarrıq bolsağızif you all were going to unharness | alatuwarlıq bolsala5tuwarrıq bolsalaif they were going to unharness |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentuwarmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to unharness | sentuwarmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to unharness | oltuwarmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to unharness | biztuwarmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to unharness | siztuwarmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to unharness | alatuwarmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to unharness |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso tuwardıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so tuwarrıq ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so tuwarrıq bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentuwara bolurmaI must be unharnessing | sentuwara bolursayou must be unharnessing | oltuwara bolurhe must be unharnessing | biztuwara bolurbuzwe must be unharnessing | siztuwara bolursuzyou all must be unharnessing | alatuwara bolurlathey must be unharnessing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentuwarmay bolurmaI must not be unharnessing | sentuwarmay bolursayou must not be unharnessing | oltuwarmay bolurhe must not be unharnessing | biztuwarmay bolurbuzwe must not be unharnessing | siztuwarmay bolursuzyou all must not be unharnessing | alatuwarmay bolurlathey must not be unharnessing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentuwara tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of unharnessing | sentuwara tura bolursayou must be in the middle of unharnessing | oltuwara tura bolurhe must be in the middle of unharnessing | biztuwara tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of unharnessing | siztuwara tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of unharnessing | alatuwara tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of unharnessing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentuwarmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not unharnessing | sentuwarmay tura bolursayou must keep on not unharnessing | oltuwarmay tura bolurhe must keep on not unharnessing | biztuwarmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not unharnessing | siztuwarmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not unharnessing | alatuwarmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not unharnessing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mentuwarğan bolurmaI must have unharnessed | sentuwarğan bolursayou must have unharnessed | oltuwarğan bolurhe must have unharnessed | biztuwarğan bolurbuzwe must have unharnessed | siztuwarğan bolursuzyou all must have unharnessed | alatuwarğan bolurlathey must have unharnessed |
| Inference (must have) | mentuwarmağan bolurmaI must not have unharnessed | sentuwarmağan bolursayou must not have unharnessed | oltuwarmağan bolurhe must not have unharnessed | biztuwarmağan bolurbuzwe must not have unharnessed | siztuwarmağan bolursuzyou all must not have unharnessed | alatuwarmağan bolurlathey must not have unharnessed |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentuwarlıq bolurma6tuwarrıq bolurmaI must be going to unharness | sentuwarlıq bolursa6tuwarrıq bolursayou must be going to unharness | oltuwarlıq bolur6tuwarrıq bolurhe must be going to unharness | biztuwarlıq bolurbuz6tuwarrıq bolurbuzwe must be going to unharness | siztuwarlıq bolursuz6tuwarrıq bolursuzyou all must be going to unharness | alatuwarlıq bolurla6tuwarrıq bolurlathey must be going to unharness |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentuwarmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to unharness | sentuwarmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to unharness | oltuwarmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to unharness | biztuwarmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to unharness | siztuwarmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to unharness | alatuwarmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to unharness |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so tuwarrıq bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mentuwarayımlet me unharness | sentuwar!unharness! | oltuwarsınlet him unharness | biztuwarayıqlet's unharness | siztuwarığız!unharness, you all! | alatuwarsınlalet them unharness |
| Commands & suggestions | mentuwarmayımlet me not unharness | sentuwarma!don't unharness! | oltuwarmasınlet him not unharness | biztuwarmayıqlet's not unharness | siztuwarmağız!don't unharness, you all! | alatuwarmasınlalet them not unharness |
| Commands & suggestions | mentuwarayımmı?shall I unharness? | oltuwarsınmı?should he unharness? | biztuwarayıqmı?shall we unharness? | alatuwarsınlamı?should they unharness? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mentuwarmayımmı?shall I not unharness? | oltuwarmasınmı?should he not unharness? | biztuwarmayıqmı?shall we not unharness? | alatuwarmasınlamı?should they not unharness? | ||
| Requests | sentuwarçı7tuwarçınplease unharness | oltuwarsınçıdo let him unharness | siztuwarçığızplease unharness (plural/polite) | alatuwarsınlaçıdo let them unharness | ||
| Requests | sentuwarmaçı7tuwarmaçınplease don't unharness | oltuwarmasınçıdo let him not unharness | siztuwarmaçığızplease don't unharness (plural/polite) | alatuwarmasınlaçıdo let them not unharness | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentuwarğıntuwarğımay you unharness | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentuwarmağıntuwarmağımay you not unharness | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentuwarğay edim tuwarğa edimwould that I unharnessed | sentuwarğay ediŋ tuwarğa ediŋwould that you unharnessed | oltuwarğay edi tuwarğa ediwould that he unharnessed | biztuwarğay edik tuwarğa edikwould that we unharnessed | siztuwarğay edigiz tuwarğa edigizwould that you all unharnessed | alatuwarğay edile tuwarğa edilewould that they unharnessed |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentuwarmağay edim tuwarmağa edimwould that I did not unharness | sentuwarmağay ediŋ tuwarmağa ediŋwould that you did not unharness | oltuwarmağay edi tuwarmağa ediwould that he did not unharness | biztuwarmağay edik tuwarmağa edikwould that we did not unharness | siztuwarmağay edigiz tuwarmağa edigizwould that you all did not unharness | alatuwarmağay edile tuwarmağa edilewould that they did not unharness |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentuwarmağa qoyayımtuwarma qoyayımlet me allow someone to unharness | sentuwarmağa qoy!tuwarma qoy!let someone unharness! | oltuwarmağa qoysuntuwarma qoysunlet him allow someone to unharness | biztuwarmağa qoyayıqtuwarma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to unharness | siztuwarmağa qoyuğuz!tuwarma qoyuğuz!let someone unharness, you all! | alatuwarmağa qoysunlatuwarma qoysunlalet them allow someone to unharness |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentuwarmağa qoymayımtuwarma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to unharness | sentuwarmağa qoyma!tuwarma qoyma!don't let someone unharness! | oltuwarmağa qoymasıntuwarma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to unharness | biztuwarmağa qoymayıqtuwarma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to unharness | siztuwarmağa qoymağız!tuwarma qoymağız!don't let someone unharness, you all! | alatuwarmağa qoymasınlatuwarma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to unharness |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentuwarmağa qoyayımmı?tuwarma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to unharness? | oltuwarmağa qoysunmu?tuwarma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to unharness? | biztuwarmağa qoyayıqmı?tuwarma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to unharness? | alatuwarmağa qoysunlamı?tuwarma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to unharness? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentuwarmağa qoymayımmı?tuwarma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to unharness? | oltuwarmağa qoymasınmı?tuwarma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to unharness? | biztuwarmağa qoymayıqmı?tuwarma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to unharness? | alatuwarmağa qoymasınlamı?tuwarma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to unharness? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mentuwarmağa qoyamatuwarma qoyamaI allow someone to unharness | sentuwarmağa qoyasatuwarma qoyasayou allow someone to unharness | oltuwarmağa qoyadıtuwarma qoyadıhe allows someone to unharness | biztuwarmağa qoyabıztuwarma qoyabızwe allow someone to unharness | siztuwarmağa qoyasıztuwarma qoyasızyou all allow someone to unharness | alatuwarmağa qoyadılatuwarma qoyadılathey allow someone to unharness |
| Let someone… (present) | mentuwarmağa qoymaymatuwarma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to unharness | sentuwarmağa qoymaysatuwarma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to unharness | oltuwarmağa qoymaydıtuwarma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to unharness | biztuwarmağa qoymaybıztuwarma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to unharness | siztuwarmağa qoymaysıztuwarma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to unharness | alatuwarmağa qoymaydılatuwarma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to unharness |
| Let someone… (present) | mentuwarmağa qoyamamı?tuwarma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to unharness? | sentuwarmağa qoyamısa?tuwarma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to unharness? | oltuwarmağa qoyamıdı?tuwarma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to unharness? | biztuwarmağa qoyabızmı?tuwarma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to unharness? | siztuwarmağa qoyamısız?tuwarma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to unharness? | alatuwarmağa qoyamıdıla?tuwarma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to unharness? |
| Let someone… (present) | mentuwarmağa qoymaymamı?tuwarma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to unharness? | sentuwarmağa qoymaymısa?tuwarma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to unharness? | oltuwarmağa qoymaymıdı?tuwarma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to unharness? | biztuwarmağa qoymaybızmı?tuwarma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to unharness? | siztuwarmağa qoymaymısız?tuwarma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to unharness? | alatuwarmağa qoymaymıdıla?tuwarma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to unharness? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentuwarmağa qoydumtuwarma qoydumI allowed someone to unharness | sentuwarmağa qoyduŋtuwarma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to unharness | oltuwarmağa qoydutuwarma qoyduhe allowed someone to unharness | biztuwarmağa qoyduqtuwarma qoyduqwe allowed someone to unharness | siztuwarmağa qoyduğuztuwarma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to unharness | alatuwarmağa qoydulatuwarma qoydulathey allowed someone to unharness |
| Let someone… (past) | mentuwarmağa qoymadımtuwarma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to unharness | sentuwarmağa qoymadıŋtuwarma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to unharness | oltuwarmağa qoymadıtuwarma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to unharness | biztuwarmağa qoymadıqtuwarma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to unharness | siztuwarmağa qoymadığıztuwarma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to unharness | alatuwarmağa qoymadılatuwarma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to unharness |
| Let someone… (past) | mentuwarmağa qoydummu?tuwarma qoydummu?did I allow someone to unharness? | sentuwarmağa qoyduŋmu?tuwarma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to unharness? | oltuwarmağa qoydumu?tuwarma qoydumu?did he allow someone to unharness? | biztuwarmağa qoyduqmu?tuwarma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to unharness? | siztuwarmağa qoyduğuzmu?tuwarma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to unharness? | alatuwarmağa qoydulamı?tuwarma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to unharness? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentuwarmağa qoymadımmı?tuwarma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to unharness? | sentuwarmağa qoymadıŋmı?tuwarma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to unharness? | oltuwarmağa qoymadımı?tuwarma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to unharness? | biztuwarmağa qoymadıqmı?tuwarma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to unharness? | siztuwarmağa qoymadığızmı?tuwarma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to unharness? | alatuwarmağa qoymadılamı?tuwarma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to unharness? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
tuwaralırğa be able to unharness · tuwaralmazğa be unable to unharness
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mentuwaralamaI can unharness | sentuwaralasayou can unharness | oltuwaraladıhe can unharness | biztuwaralabızwe can unharness | siztuwaralasızyou all can unharness | alatuwaraladılathey can unharness |
| Ability — present | mentuwaralmaymaI can't unharness | sentuwaralmaysayou can't unharness | oltuwaralmaydıhe can't unharness | biztuwaralmaybızwe can't unharness | siztuwaralmaysızyou all can't unharness | alatuwaralmaydılathey can't unharness |
| Ability — present | mentuwaralamamı? tuwaralamıma?can I unharness? | sentuwaralamısa?can you unharness? | oltuwaralamıdı?can he unharness? | biztuwaralabızmı? tuwaralamıbız?can we unharness? | siztuwaralamısız?can you all unharness? | alatuwaralamıdıla?can they unharness? |
| Ability — present | mentuwaralmaymamı? tuwaralmaymıma?can't I unharness? | sentuwaralmaymısa?can't you unharness? | oltuwaralmaymıdı?can't he unharness? | biztuwaralmaybızmı? tuwaralmaymıbız?can't we unharness? | siztuwaralmaymısız?can't you all unharness? | alatuwaralmaymıdıla?can't they unharness? |
| Ability — if I can… | mentuwaralsamif I can unharness | sentuwaralsaŋif you can unharness | oltuwaralsaif he can unharness | biztuwaralsaqif we can unharness | siztuwaralsağızif you all can unharness | alatuwaralsalaif they can unharness |
| Ability — if I can… | mentuwaralmasamif I can't unharness | sentuwaralmasaŋif you can't unharness | oltuwaralmasaif he can't unharness | biztuwaralmasaqif we can't unharness | siztuwaralmasağızif you all can't unharness | alatuwaralmasalaif they can't unharness |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mentuwaraldımI was able to unharness | sentuwaraldıŋyou were able to unharness | oltuwaraldıhe was able to unharness | biztuwaraldıqwe were able to unharness | siztuwaraldığızyou all were able to unharness | alatuwaraldılathey were able to unharness |
| Ability — simple past | mentuwaralmadımI could not unharness | sentuwaralmadıŋyou could not unharness | oltuwaralmadıhe could not unharness | biztuwaralmadıqwe could not unharness | siztuwaralmadığızyou all could not unharness | alatuwaralmadılathey could not unharness |
| Ability — simple past | mentuwaraldımmı?was I able to unharness? | sentuwaraldıŋmı?were you able to unharness? | oltuwaraldımı?was he able to unharness? | biztuwaraldıqmı?were we able to unharness? | siztuwaraldığızmı?were you all able to unharness? | alatuwaraldılamı?were they able to unharness? |
| Ability — simple past | mentuwaralmadımmı?couldn't I unharness? | sentuwaralmadıŋmı?couldn't you unharness? | oltuwaralmadımı?couldn't he unharness? | biztuwaralmadıqmı?couldn't we unharness? | siztuwaralmadığızmı?couldn't you all unharness? | alatuwaralmadılamı?couldn't they unharness? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentuwaralğanmaI have been able to unharness | sentuwaralğansayou have been able to unharness | oltuwaralğandıhe has been able to unharness | biztuwaralğanbızwe have been able to unharness | siztuwaralğansızyou all have been able to unharness | alatuwaralğandılathey have been able to unharness |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentuwaralmağanmaI haven't been able to unharness | sentuwaralmağansayou haven't been able to unharness | oltuwaralmağandıhe hasn't been able to unharness | biztuwaralmağanbızwe haven't been able to unharness | siztuwaralmağansızyou all haven't been able to unharness | alatuwaralmağandılathey haven't been able to unharness |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentuwaralğanmamı? tuwaralğanmıma?have I been able to unharness? | sentuwaralğanmısa?have you been able to unharness? | oltuwaralğanmıdı?has he been able to unharness? | biztuwaralğanbızmı? tuwaralğanmıbız?have we been able to unharness? | siztuwaralğanmısız?have you all been able to unharness? | alatuwaralğanmıdıla?have they been able to unharness? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentuwaralmağanmamı? tuwaralmağanmıma?haven't I been able to unharness? | sentuwaralmağanmısa?haven't you been able to unharness? | oltuwaralmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to unharness? | biztuwaralmağanbızmı? tuwaralmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to unharness? | siztuwaralmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to unharness? | alatuwaralmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to unharness? |
| Ability — past perfect | mentuwaralğan edimtuwaralğanemI had been able to unharness | sentuwaralğan ediŋtuwaralğaneŋyou had been able to unharness | oltuwaralğan edituwaralğanedhe had been able to unharness | biztuwaralğan ediktuwaralğanekwe had been able to unharness | siztuwaralğan edigiztuwaralğanegizyou all had been able to unharness | alatuwaralğan ediletuwaralğanellethey had been able to unharness |
| Ability — past perfect | mentuwaralmağan edimtuwaralmağanemI hadn't been able to unharness | sentuwaralmağan ediŋtuwaralmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to unharness | oltuwaralmağan edituwaralmağanedhe hadn't been able to unharness | biztuwaralmağan ediktuwaralmağanekwe hadn't been able to unharness | siztuwaralmağan edigiztuwaralmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to unharness | alatuwaralmağan ediletuwaralmağanellethey hadn't been able to unharness |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mentuwarala edimtuwaralaemI could unharness | sentuwarala ediŋtuwaralaeŋyou could unharness | oltuwarala edituwaralaedhe could unharness | biztuwarala ediktuwaralaekwe could unharness | siztuwarala edigiztuwaralaegizyou all could unharness | alatuwarala ediletuwaralaellethey could unharness |
| Ability — past background | mentuwaralmay edimtuwaralmayemI could not unharness | sentuwaralmay ediŋtuwaralmayeŋyou could not unharness | oltuwaralmay edituwaralmayedhe could not unharness | biztuwaralmay ediktuwaralmayekwe could not unharness | siztuwaralmay edigiztuwaralmayegizyou all could not unharness | alatuwaralmay ediletuwaralmayellethey could not unharness |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mentuwaralırmaI will be able to unharness | sentuwaralırsayou will be able to unharness | oltuwaralırhe will be able to unharness | biztuwaralırbızwe will be able to unharness | siztuwaralırsızyou all will be able to unharness | alatuwaralırlathey will be able to unharness |
| Ability — future I | mentuwaralmazmaI won't be able to unharness | sentuwaralmazsayou won't be able to unharness | oltuwaralmazhe won't be able to unharness | biztuwaralmazbızwe won't be able to unharness | siztuwaralmazsızyou all won't be able to unharness | alatuwaralmazlathey won't be able to unharness |
| Ability — future I | mentuwaralırmamı? tuwaralırmıma?will I be able to unharness? | sentuwaralırmısa?will you be able to unharness? | oltuwaralırmı?will he be able to unharness? | biztuwaralırbızmı? tuwaralırmıbız?will we be able to unharness? | siztuwaralırmısız?will you all be able to unharness? | alatuwaralırlamı? tuwaralırmıla?will they be able to unharness? |
| Ability — future I | mentuwaralmazmamı? tuwaralmazmıma?won't I be able to unharness? | sentuwaralmazmısa?won't you be able to unharness? | oltuwaralmazmı?won't he be able to unharness? | biztuwaralmazbızmı? tuwaralmazmıbız?won't we be able to unharness? | siztuwaralmazmısız?won't you all be able to unharness? | alatuwaralmazlamı? tuwaralmazmıla?won't they be able to unharness? |
| Ability — future II | mentuwarallıqmaI am going to be able to unharness | sentuwarallıqsayou are going to be able to unharness | oltuwarallıqdıhe is going to be able to unharness | biztuwarallıqbızwe are going to be able to unharness | siztuwarallıqsızyou all are going to be able to unharness | alatuwarallıqdılathey are going to be able to unharness |
| Ability — future II | mentuwarallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to unharness | sentuwarallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to unharness | oltuwarallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to unharness | biztuwarallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to unharness | siztuwarallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to unharness | alatuwarallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to unharness |
| Ability — future II | mentuwarallıqmamı? tuwarallıqmıma?am I going to be able to unharness? | sentuwarallıqmısa?are you going to be able to unharness? | oltuwarallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to unharness? | biztuwarallıqbızmı? tuwarallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to unharness? | siztuwarallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to unharness? | alatuwarallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to unharness? |
| Ability — future II | mentuwarallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to unharness? | sentuwarallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to unharness? | oltuwarallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to unharness? | biztuwarallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to unharness? | siztuwarallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to unharness? | alatuwarallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to unharness? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentuwaralır edimtuwaralır emI would be able to unharness | sentuwaralır ediŋtuwaralır eŋyou would be able to unharness | oltuwaralır edituwaralır edhe would be able to unharness | biztuwaralır ediktuwaralır ekwe would be able to unharness | siztuwaralır edigiztuwaralır egizyou all would be able to unharness | alatuwaralır ediletuwaralır ellethey would be able to unharness |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentuwaralmaz edimtuwaralmaz emI wouldn't be able to unharness | sentuwaralmaz ediŋtuwaralmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to unharness | oltuwaralmaz edituwaralmaz edhe wouldn't be able to unharness | biztuwaralmaz ediktuwaralmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to unharness | siztuwaralmaz edigiztuwaralmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to unharness | alatuwaralmaz ediletuwaralmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to unharness |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentuwaralğıntuwaralğımay you be able to unharness | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentuwaralmağıntuwaralmağımay you not be able to unharness | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mentuwarırğa izleymeI want to unharness | sentuwarırğa izleyseyou want to unharness | oltuwarırğa izleydihe wants to unharness | biztuwarırğa izleybizwe want to unharness | siztuwarırğa izleysizyou all want to unharness | alatuwarırğa izleydilethey want to unharness |
| want to | mentuwarırğa izlemeymeI do not want to unharness | sentuwarırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to unharness | oltuwarırğa izlemeydihe does not want to unharness | biztuwarırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to unharness | siztuwarırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to unharness | alatuwarırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to unharness |
| would like to | mentuwarırğa süemeI would like to unharness | sentuwarırğa süeseyou would like to unharness | oltuwarırğa süedihe would like to unharness | biztuwarırğa süebizwe would like to unharness | siztuwarırğa süesizyou all would like to unharness | alatuwarırğa süedilethey would like to unharness |
| would like to | mentuwarırğa süymeymeI would not like to unharness | sentuwarırğa süymeyseyou would not like to unharness | oltuwarırğa süymeydihe would not like to unharness | biztuwarırğa süymeybizwe would not like to unharness | siztuwarırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to unharness | alatuwarırğa süymeydilethey would not like to unharness |
| hope to | mentuwarırğa umutlanamaI hope to unharness | sentuwarırğa umutlanasayou hope to unharness | oltuwarırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to unharness | biztuwarırğa umutlanabızwe hope to unharness | siztuwarırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to unharness | alatuwarırğa umutlanadılathey hope to unharness |
| hope to | mentuwarırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to unharness | sentuwarırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to unharness | oltuwarırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to unharness | biztuwarırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to unharness | siztuwarırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to unharness | alatuwarırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to unharness |
| be about to | mentuwarırğa deb turamaI am about to unharness | sentuwarırğa deb turasayou are about to unharness | oltuwarırğa deb turadıhe is about to unharness | biztuwarırğa deb turabızwe are about to unharness | siztuwarırğa deb turasızyou all are about to unharness | alatuwarırğa deb turadılathey are about to unharness |
| be about to | mentuwarırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to unharness | sentuwarırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to unharness | oltuwarırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to unharness | biztuwarırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to unharness | siztuwarırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to unharness | alatuwarırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to unharness |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mentuwarırğa kerekmeI need to unharness | sentuwarırğa kerekseyou need to unharness | oltuwarırğa kerekdihe needs to unharness | biztuwarırğa kerekbizwe need to unharness | siztuwarırğa kereksizyou all need to unharness | alatuwarırğa kerekdilethey need to unharness |
| need to | mentuwarırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to unharness | sentuwarırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to unharness | oltuwarırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to unharness | biztuwarırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to unharness | siztuwarırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to unharness | alatuwarırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to unharness |
| have to | menmenŋe tuwarırğa tüşediI have to unharness | sensenŋe tuwarırğa tüşediyou have to unharness | olaŋa tuwarırğa tüşedihe has to unharness | bizbizge tuwarırğa tüşediwe have to unharness | sizsizge tuwarırğa tüşediyou all have to unharness | alaalağa tuwarırğa tüşedithey have to unharness |
| have to | menmenŋe tuwarırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to unharness | sensenŋe tuwarırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to unharness | olaŋa tuwarırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to unharness | bizbizge tuwarırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to unharness | sizsizge tuwarırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to unharness | alaalağa tuwarırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to unharness |
| be obliged to | mentuwarırğa borçlumaI am obliged to unharness | sentuwarırğa borçlusayou are obliged to unharness | oltuwarırğa borçluduhe is obliged to unharness | biztuwarırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to unharness | siztuwarırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to unharness | alatuwarırğa borçludulathey are obliged to unharness |
| be obliged to | mentuwarırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to unharness | sentuwarırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to unharness | oltuwarırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to unharness | biztuwarırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to unharness | siztuwarırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to unharness | alatuwarırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to unharness |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mentuwarırğa madarım bardıI have a way to unharness | sentuwarırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to unharness | oltuwarırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to unharness | biztuwarırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to unharness | siztuwarırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to unharness | alatuwarırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to unharness |
| have a way to | mentuwarırğa madarım joqduI have no way to unharness | sentuwarırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to unharness | oltuwarırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to unharness | biztuwarırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to unharness | siztuwarırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to unharness | alatuwarırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to unharness |
| be free to | mentuwarırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to unharness | sentuwarırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to unharness | oltuwarırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to unharness | biztuwarırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to unharness | siztuwarırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to unharness | alatuwarırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to unharness |
| be free to | mentuwarırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to unharness | sentuwarırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to unharness | oltuwarırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to unharness | biztuwarırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to unharness | siztuwarırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to unharness | alatuwarırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to unharness |
| be possible to | menmenŋe tuwarırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to unharness | sensenŋe tuwarırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to unharness | olaŋa tuwarırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to unharness | bizbizge tuwarırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to unharness | sizsizge tuwarırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to unharness | alaalağa tuwarırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to unharness |
| be possible to | menmenŋe tuwarırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to unharness | sensenŋe tuwarırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to unharness | olaŋa tuwarırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to unharness | bizbizge tuwarırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to unharness | sizsizge tuwarırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to unharness | alaalağa tuwarırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to unharness |
| be ready to | mentuwarırğa hazırmaI am ready to unharness | sentuwarırğa hazırsayou are ready to unharness | oltuwarırğa hazırdıhe is ready to unharness | biztuwarırğa hazırbızwe are ready to unharness | siztuwarırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to unharness | alatuwarırğa hazırdılathey are ready to unharness |
| be ready to | mentuwarırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to unharness | sentuwarırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to unharness | oltuwarırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to unharness | biztuwarırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to unharness | siztuwarırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to unharness | alatuwarırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to unharness |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mentuwarırğa küreşemeI am trying to unharness | sentuwarırğa küreşeseyou are trying to unharness | oltuwarırğa küreşedihe is trying to unharness | biztuwarırğa küreşebizwe are trying to unharness | siztuwarırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to unharness | alatuwarırğa küreşedilethey are trying to unharness |
| try to | mentuwarırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to unharness | sentuwarırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to unharness | oltuwarırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to unharness | biztuwarırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to unharness | siztuwarırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to unharness | alatuwarırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to unharness |
| agree to | mentuwarırğa unaymaI agree to unharness | sentuwarırğa unaysayou agree to unharness | oltuwarırğa unaydıhe agrees to unharness | biztuwarırğa unaybızwe agree to unharness | siztuwarırğa unaysızyou all agree to unharness | alatuwarırğa unaydılathey agree to unharness |
| agree to | mentuwarırğa unamaymaI refuse to unharness | sentuwarırğa unamaysayou refuse to unharness | oltuwarırğa unamaydıhe refuses to unharness | biztuwarırğa unamaybızwe refuse to unharness | siztuwarırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to unharness | alatuwarırğa unamaydılathey refuse to unharness |
| hurry to | mentuwarırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to unharness | sentuwarırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to unharness | oltuwarırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to unharness | biztuwarırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to unharness | siztuwarırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to unharness | alatuwarırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to unharness |
| hurry to | mentuwarırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to unharness | sentuwarırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to unharness | oltuwarırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to unharness | biztuwarırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to unharness | siztuwarırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to unharness | alatuwarırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to unharness |
| be afraid to | mentuwarırğa qorqamaI am afraid to unharness | sentuwarırğa qorqasayou are afraid to unharness | oltuwarırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to unharness | biztuwarırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to unharness | siztuwarırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to unharness | alatuwarırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to unharness |
| be afraid to | mentuwarırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to unharness | sentuwarırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to unharness | oltuwarırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to unharness | biztuwarırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to unharness | siztuwarırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to unharness | alatuwarırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to unharness |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mentuwara bolmazmaI can't be unharnessing | sentuwara bolmazsayou can't be unharnessing | oltuwara bolmazhe can't be unharnessing | biztuwara bolmazbızwe can't be unharnessing | siztuwara bolmazsızyou all can't be unharnessing | alatuwara bolmazlathey can't be unharnessing |
| Inference, present — double negation | mentuwarmay bolmazmaI must be unharnessing (emphatic) | sentuwarmay bolmazsayou must be unharnessing (emphatic) | oltuwarmay bolmazhe must be unharnessing (emphatic) | biztuwarmay bolmazbızwe must be unharnessing (emphatic) | siztuwarmay bolmazsızyou all must be unharnessing (emphatic) | alatuwarmay bolmazlathey must be unharnessing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mentuwara turmasamif I don't keep unharnessing | sentuwara turmasaŋif you don't keep unharnessing | oltuwara turmasaif he doesn't keep unharnessing | biztuwara turmasaqif we don't keep unharnessing | siztuwara turmasağızif you all don't keep unharnessing | alatuwara turmasalaif they don't keep unharnessing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mentuwara tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of unharnessing | sentuwara tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of unharnessing | oltuwara tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of unharnessing | biztuwara tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of unharnessing | siztuwara tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of unharnessing | alatuwara tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of unharnessing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mentuwarmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not unharnessing (emphatic) | sentuwarmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not unharnessing (emphatic) | oltuwarmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not unharnessing (emphatic) | biztuwarmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not unharnessing (emphatic) | siztuwarmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not unharnessing (emphatic) | alatuwarmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not unharnessing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mentuwarmay turamaI keep on not unharnessing | sentuwarmay turasayou keep on not unharnessing | oltuwarmay turadıhe keeps on not unharnessing | biztuwarmay turabızwe keep on not unharnessing | siztuwarmay turasızyou all keep on not unharnessing | alatuwarmay turadılathey keep on not unharnessing |
| Progressive — double negation | mentuwarmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not unharnessing | sentuwarmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not unharnessing | oltuwarmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not unharnessing | biztuwarmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not unharnessing | siztuwarmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not unharnessing | alatuwarmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not unharnessing |
| Progressive — double negation | mentuwarmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not unharnessing? | sentuwarmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not unharnessing? | oltuwarmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not unharnessing? | biztuwarmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not unharnessing? | siztuwarmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not unharnessing? | alatuwarmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not unharnessing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mentuwarğan bolmazmaI can't have unharnessed | sentuwarğan bolmazsayou can't have unharnessed | oltuwarğan bolmazhe can't have unharnessed | biztuwarğan bolmazbızwe can't have unharnessed | siztuwarğan bolmazsızyou all can't have unharnessed | alatuwarğan bolmazlathey can't have unharnessed |
| Inference — double negation | mentuwarmağan bolmazmaI must have unharnessed (emphatic) | sentuwarmağan bolmazsayou must have unharnessed (emphatic) | oltuwarmağan bolmazhe must have unharnessed (emphatic) | biztuwarmağan bolmazbızwe must have unharnessed (emphatic) | siztuwarmağan bolmazsızyou all must have unharnessed (emphatic) | alatuwarmağan bolmazlathey must have unharnessed (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mentuwarğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had unharnessed | sentuwarğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had unharnessed | oltuwarğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had unharnessed | biztuwarğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had unharnessed | siztuwarğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had unharnessed | alatuwarğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had unharnessed |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mentuwarmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't unharnessed | sentuwarmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't unharnessed | oltuwarmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't unharnessed | biztuwarmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't unharnessed | siztuwarmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't unharnessed | alatuwarmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't unharnessed |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mentuwarlıq bolmazmaI can't be going to unharness | sentuwarlıq bolmazsayou can't be going to unharness | oltuwarlıq bolmazhe can't be going to unharness | biztuwarlıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to unharness | siztuwarlıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to unharness | alatuwarlıq bolmazlathey can't be going to unharness |
| Inference, future — double negation | mentuwarmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to unharness (emphatic) | sentuwarmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to unharness (emphatic) | oltuwarmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to unharness (emphatic) | biztuwarmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to unharness (emphatic) | siztuwarmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to unharness (emphatic) | alatuwarmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to unharness (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mentuwarlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to unharness | sentuwarlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to unharness | oltuwarlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to unharness | biztuwarlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to unharness | siztuwarlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to unharness | alatuwarlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to unharness |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mentuwarmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to unharness | sentuwarmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to unharness | oltuwarmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to unharness | biztuwarmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to unharness | siztuwarmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to unharness | alatuwarmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to unharness |