tuwarırğa

/tuwarɯrʁa/

1. (v.) to unharness, to unsaddle, to unhitch

atlanı tuwarırğa — to unharness the horses
ögüzleni tuwar — unhitch the oxen
atnı tuwarıb otlatdı — he unsaddled the horse and let it graze

2. (v.) to unload, to take the load off

arbanı tuwarırğa — to take the load off the cart
jüknü tuwardıla — they unloaded the burden
maşinanı tuwarıb boşadıla — they finished unloading the vehicle

3. (v.) to leave to fend for itself, to abandon, to dump on someone

mallanı qawdannga tuwarıb qoymağız — do not leave the livestock to fend on dry grass
bılay tuwarıb qoydula — they left me with nothing
sabiylerin qonşuğa tuwardı — he dumped his children on the neighbour

4. (v.) to take apart, to dismantle

arbanı tuwarıb jıydıla — they dismantled the cart and put it away
eski üynü tuwardıla — they took the old house apart

Conjugation

Common forms

tuwaradıhe is unharnessing
tuwardıhe unharnessed
tuwarğandıhe has unharnessed
tuwarırhe will unharness
tuwarlıqdıhe is going to unharness
tuwara edihe was unharnessing
tuwarsaif he unharnesses
tuwar!unharness!

Simple tenses

affirmativenegativequestionnegative question

Simple tenses — forms of tuwarırğa: each tense across the six persons, in the form chosen above.
Tense	menI	senyou	olhe/she/it	bizwe	sizyou all	alathey
Present (simple & continuous)he is unharnessing	mentuwarama	sentuwarasa	oltuwaradı	biztuwarabız	siztuwarasız	alatuwaradıla
Present (simple & continuous)he is not unharnessing	mentuwarmayma	sentuwarmaysa	oltuwarmaydı	biztuwarmaybız	siztuwarmaysız	alatuwarmaydıla
Present (simple & continuous)is he unharnessing?	mentuwaramıma? tuwaramamı?	sentuwaramısa?	oltuwaramıdı?	biztuwaramıbız? tuwarabızmı?	siztuwaramısız?	alatuwaramıdıla?
Present (simple & continuous)isn't he unharnessing?	mentuwarmaymıma? tuwarmaymamı?	sentuwarmaymısa?	oltuwarmaymıdı?	biztuwarmaymıbız? tuwarmaybızmı?	siztuwarmaymısız?	alatuwarmaymıdıla?
Habitual (usually, tends to)he usually unharnesses	mentuwarıwçanma	sentuwarıwçansa	oltuwarıwçandı	biztuwarıwçanbız	siztuwarıwçansız	alatuwarıwçandıla
Habitual (usually, tends to)he doesn't usually unharness	mentuwarıwçan tülme	sentuwarıwçan tülse	oltuwarıwçan tüldü	biztuwarıwçan tülbüz	siztuwarıwçan tülsüz	alatuwarıwçan tüldüle
Habitual (usually, tends to)does he usually unharness?	mentuwarıwçanmıma? tuwarıwçanmamı?	sentuwarıwçanmısa?	oltuwarıwçanmıdı?	biztuwarıwçanmıbız? tuwarıwçanbızmı?	siztuwarıwçanmısız?	alatuwarıwçanmıdıla?
Habitual (usually, tends to)doesn't he usually unharness?	mentuwarıwçan tülmüme?	sentuwarıwçan tülmüse?	oltuwarıwçan tülmüdü?	biztuwarıwçan tülmübüz?	siztuwarıwçan tülmüsüz?	alatuwarıwçan tülmüdüle?
Resultative (has become and stays)he has unharnessed and remains so			oltuwarıbdı			alatuwarıbdıla
Resultative (has become and stays)no such form
Resultative (has become and stays)has he unharnessed?			oltuwarıbmıdı?			alatuwarıbmıdıla?
Resultative (has become and stays)no such form
Progressive (in the middle of)he is in the middle of unharnessing	mentuwara turama	sentuwara turasa	oltuwara turadı	biztuwara turabız	siztuwara turasız	alatuwara turadıla
Progressive (in the middle of)he is not in the middle of unharnessing	mentuwara turmayma	sentuwara turmaysa	oltuwara turmaydı	biztuwara turmaybız	siztuwara turmaysız	alatuwara turmaydıla
Progressive (in the middle of)is he in the middle of unharnessing?	mentuwara turamıma? tuwara turamamı?	sentuwara turamısa?	oltuwara turamıdı?	biztuwara turamıbız? tuwara turabızmı?	siztuwara turamısız?	alatuwara turamıdıla?
Progressive (in the middle of)isn't he in the middle of unharnessing?	mentuwara turmaymıma? tuwara turmaymamı?	sentuwara turmaymısa?	oltuwara turmaymıdı?	biztuwara turmaymıbız? tuwara turmaybızmı?	siztuwara turmaymısız?	alatuwara turmaymıdıla?
Simple past (definite)he unharnessed	mentuwardım	sentuwardıng	oltuwardı	biztuwardıq	siztuwardığız	alatuwardıla
Simple past (definite)he didn't unharness	mentuwarmadım	sentuwarmadıng	oltuwarmadı	biztuwarmadıq	siztuwarmadığız	alatuwarmadıla
Simple past (definite)did he unharness?	mentuwardımmı?	sentuwardıngmı?	oltuwardımı?	biztuwardıqmı?	siztuwardığızmı?	alatuwardılamı?
Simple past (definite)didn't he unharness?	mentuwarmadımmı?	sentuwarmadıngmı?	oltuwarmadımı?	biztuwarmadıqmı?	siztuwarmadığızmı?	alatuwarmadılamı?
Perfect (past indefinite)he has unharnessed	mentuwarğanma	sentuwarğansa	oltuwarğandı	biztuwarğanbız	siztuwarğansız	alatuwarğandıla
Perfect (past indefinite)he hasn't unharnessed	mentuwarmağanma	sentuwarmağansa	oltuwarmağandı	biztuwarmağanbız	siztuwarmağansız	alatuwarmağandıla
Perfect (past indefinite)has he unharnessed?	mentuwarğanmıma? tuwarğanmamı?	sentuwarğanmısa?	oltuwarğanmıdı?	biztuwarğanmıbız? tuwarğanbızmı?	siztuwarğanmısız?	alatuwarğanmıdıla?
Perfect (past indefinite)hasn't he unharnessed?	mentuwarmağanmıma? tuwarmağanmamı?	sentuwarmağanmısa?	oltuwarmağanmıdı?	biztuwarmağanmıbız? tuwarmağanbızmı?	siztuwarmağanmısız?	alatuwarmağanmıdıla?
Indefinite future (future I)he will unharness	mentuwarırma	sentuwarırsa	oltuwarır	biztuwarırbız	siztuwarırsız	alatuwarırla
Indefinite future (future I)he won't unharness	mentuwarmazma	sentuwarmazsa	oltuwarmaz	biztuwarmazbız	siztuwarmazsız	alatuwarmazla
Indefinite future (future I)will he unharness?	mentuwarırmıma? tuwarırmamı?	sentuwarırmısa?	oltuwarırmı?	biztuwarırmıbız? tuwarırbızmı?	siztuwarırmısız?	alatuwarırmıla?
Indefinite future (future I)won't he unharness?	mentuwarmazmıma? tuwarmazmamı?	sentuwarmazmısa?	oltuwarmazmı?	biztuwarmazmıbız? tuwarmazbızmı?	siztuwarmazmısız?	alatuwarmazmıla?
Definite future (future II)he is going to unharness	mentuwarlıqma¹	sentuwarlıqsa¹	oltuwarlıqdı¹	biztuwarlıqbız¹	siztuwarlıqsız¹	alatuwarlıqdıla¹
Definite future (future II)he is not going to unharness	mentuwarlıq tülme¹	sentuwarlıq tülse¹	oltuwarlıq tüldü¹	biztuwarlıq tülbüz¹	siztuwarlıq tülsüz¹	alatuwarlıq tüldüle¹
Definite future (future II)is he going to unharness?	mentuwarlıqmıma?¹ tuwarlıqmamı?	sentuwarlıqmısa?¹	oltuwarlıqmıdı?¹	biztuwarlıqmıbız?¹ tuwarlıqbızmı?	siztuwarlıqmısız?¹	alatuwarlıqmıdıla?¹
Definite future (future II)isn't he going to unharness?	mentuwarlıq tülmüme?¹	sentuwarlıq tülmüse?¹	oltuwarlıq tülmüdü?¹	biztuwarlıq tülmübüz?¹	siztuwarlıq tülmüsüz?¹	alatuwarlıq tülmüdüle?¹

Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms

Definite future (future II)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so tuwarrıqdı

Past compound tenses

affirmativenegative

Past compound tenses — forms of tuwarırğa: each tense across the six persons, in the form chosen above.
Tense	menI	senyou	olhe/she/it	bizwe	sizyou all	alathey
Past perfect (pluperfect)he had unharnessed	mentuwarğan edimtuwarğanem	sentuwarğan edingtuwarğaneng	oltuwarğan edituwarğaned	biztuwarğan ediktuwarğanek	siztuwarğan edigiztuwarğanegiz	alatuwarğan ediletuwarğanelle
Past perfect (pluperfect)he hadn't unharnessed	mentuwarmağan edimtuwarmağanem	sentuwarmağan edingtuwarmağaneng	oltuwarmağan edituwarmağaned	biztuwarmağan ediktuwarmağanek	siztuwarmağan edigiztuwarmağanegiz	alatuwarmağan ediletuwarmağanelle
Past perfect (pluperfect)no such form
Past perfect (pluperfect)no such form
Past continuous (imperfect)he was unharnessing	mentuwara edimtuwaraem	sentuwara edingtuwaraeng	oltuwara edituwaraed	biztuwara ediktuwaraek	siztuwara edigiztuwaraegiz	alatuwara ediletuwaraelle
Past continuous (imperfect)he wasn't unharnessing	mentuwarmay edimtuwarmayem	sentuwarmay edingtuwarmayeng	oltuwarmay edituwarmayed	biztuwarmay ediktuwarmayek	siztuwarmay edigiztuwarmayegiz	alatuwarmay ediletuwarmayelle
Past continuous (imperfect)no such form
Past continuous (imperfect)no such form
Habitual past (used to)he used to unharness	mentuwarıwçan edimtuwarıwçanem	sentuwarıwçan edingtuwarıwçaneng	oltuwarıwçan edituwarıwçaned	biztuwarıwçan ediktuwarıwçanek	siztuwarıwçan edigiztuwarıwçanegiz	alatuwarıwçan ediletuwarıwçanelle
Habitual past (used to)he didn't use to unharness	mentuwarıwçan tül edimtuwarıwçan tül em	sentuwarıwçan tül edingtuwarıwçan tül eng	oltuwarıwçan tül edituwarıwçan tül ed	biztuwarıwçan tül ediktuwarıwçan tül ek	siztuwarıwçan tül edigiztuwarıwçan tül egiz	alatuwarıwçan tül ediletuwarıwçan tül elle
Habitual past (used to)no such form
Habitual past (used to)no such form
Resultative past (had become and stayed)he had unharnessed and remained so			oltuwarıb edi			alatuwarıb edile
Resultative past (had become and stayed)he hadn't unharnessed			oltuwarıb tül edi			alatuwarıb tül edile
Resultative past (had become and stayed)no such form
Resultative past (had become and stayed)no such form
Past progressive (was in the middle of)he was in the middle of unharnessing	mentuwara tura edimtuwara turaem	sentuwara tura edingtuwara turaeng	oltuwara tura edituwara turaed	biztuwara tura ediktuwara turaek	siztuwara tura edigiztuwara turaegiz	alatuwara tura ediletuwara turaelle
Past progressive (was in the middle of)he wasn't in the middle of unharnessing	mentuwara turmay edimtuwara turmayem	sentuwara turmay edingtuwara turmayeng	oltuwara turmay edituwara turmayed	biztuwara turmay ediktuwara turmayek	siztuwara turmay edigiztuwara turmayegiz	alatuwara turmay ediletuwara turmayelle
Past progressive (was in the middle of)no such form
Past progressive (was in the middle of)no such form
Conditional result (would)he would unharness	mentuwarır edimtuwarır em	sentuwarır edingtuwarır eng	oltuwarır edituwarır ed	biztuwarır ediktuwarır ek	siztuwarır edigiztuwarır egiz	alatuwarır ediletuwarır elle
Conditional result (would)he wouldn't unharness	mentuwarmaz edimtuwarmaz em	sentuwarmaz edingtuwarmaz eng	oltuwarmaz edituwarmaz ed	biztuwarmaz ediktuwarmaz ek	siztuwarmaz edigiztuwarmaz egiz	alatuwarmaz ediletuwarmaz elle
Conditional result (would)no such form
Conditional result (would)no such form
Past conditional result (would have)he would have unharnessed	mentuwarlıq edim²tuwarlıq em	sentuwarlıq eding²tuwarlıq eng	oltuwarlıq edi²tuwarlıq ed	biztuwarlıq edik²tuwarlıq ek	siztuwarlıq edigiz²tuwarlıq egiz	alatuwarlıq edile²tuwarlıq elle
Past conditional result (would have)he wouldn't have unharnessed	mentuwarlıq tül edim²tuwarlıq tül em	sentuwarlıq tül eding²tuwarlıq tül eng	oltuwarlıq tül edi²tuwarlıq tül ed	biztuwarlıq tül edik²tuwarlıq tül ek	siztuwarlıq tül edigiz²tuwarlıq tül egiz	alatuwarlıq tül edile²tuwarlıq tül elle
Past conditional result (would have)no such form
Past conditional result (would have)no such form

Past conditional result (would have)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so tuwarrıq edi

Conditional

affirmativenegative

Conditional — forms of tuwarırğa: each tense across the six persons, in the form chosen above.
Tense	menI	senyou	olhe/she/it	bizwe	sizyou all	alathey
Conditionalif he unharnesses	mentuwarsam	sentuwarsang	oltuwarsa	biztuwarsaq	siztuwarsağız	alatuwarsala
Conditionalif he doesn't unharness	mentuwarmasam	sentuwarmasang	oltuwarmasa	biztuwarmasaq	siztuwarmasağız	alatuwarmasala
Conditionalno such form
Conditionalno such form
Conditional, present realif he is unharnessing	mentuwara esem	sentuwara eseng	oltuwara ese	biztuwara esek	siztuwara esegiz	alatuwara esele
Conditional, present realif he is not unharnessing	mentuwarmay esem	sentuwarmay eseng	oltuwarmay ese	biztuwarmay esek	siztuwarmay esegiz	alatuwarmay esele
Conditional, present realno such form
Conditional, present realno such form
Wish, present/future (if only)if only he unharnessed	mentuwarsam edituwarsam ed	sentuwarsang edituwarsang ed	oltuwarsa edituwarsaed	biztuwarsaq edituwarsaq ed	siztuwarsağız edituwarsağız ed	alatuwarsala edituwarsalaed
Wish, present/future (if only)if only he didn't unharness	mentuwarmasam edituwarmasam ed	sentuwarmasang edituwarmasang ed	oltuwarmasa edituwarmasaed	biztuwarmasaq edituwarmasaq ed	siztuwarmasağız edituwarmasağız ed	alatuwarmasala edituwarmasalaed
Wish, present/future (if only)no such form
Wish, present/future (if only)no such form
Conditional, definite past³if he unharnessed	mentuwardım esem	sentuwardıng eseng	oltuwardı ese	biztuwardıq esek	siztuwardığız esegiz	alatuwardıla esele
Conditional, definite past³if he didn't unharness	mentuwarmadım esem	sentuwarmadıng eseng	oltuwarmadı ese	biztuwarmadıq esek	siztuwarmadığız esegiz	alatuwarmadıla esele
Conditional, definite pastno such form
Conditional, definite pastno such form
Conditional, past realif he did unharness (indeed)	mentuwarğan esem	sentuwarğan eseng	oltuwarğan ese	biztuwarğan esek	siztuwarğan esegiz	alatuwarğan esele
Conditional, past realif he didn't unharness (indeed)	mentuwarmağan esem	sentuwarmağan eseng	oltuwarmağan ese	biztuwarmağan esek	siztuwarmağan esegiz	alatuwarmağan esele
Conditional, past realno such form
Conditional, past realno such form
Conditional, counterfactualif he had unharnessed	mentuwarğan bolsam	sentuwarğan bolsang	oltuwarğan bolsa	biztuwarğan bolsaq	siztuwarğan bolsağız	alatuwarğan bolsala
Conditional, counterfactualif he hadn't unharnessed	mentuwarmağan bolsam	sentuwarmağan bolsang	oltuwarmağan bolsa	biztuwarmağan bolsaq	siztuwarmağan bolsağız	alatuwarmağan bolsala
Conditional, counterfactualno such form
Conditional, counterfactualno such form
Wish, past (if only I had)if only he had unharnessed	mentuwarğan bolsam edituwarğan bolsam ed	sentuwarğan bolsang edituwarğan bolsang ed	oltuwarğan bolsa edituwarğan bolsaed	biztuwarğan bolsaq edituwarğan bolsaq ed	siztuwarğan bolsağız edituwarğan bolsağız ed	alatuwarğan bolsala edituwarğan bolsalaed
Wish, past (if only I had)if only he hadn't unharnessed	mentuwarmağan bolsam edituwarmağan bolsam ed	sentuwarmağan bolsang edituwarmağan bolsang ed	oltuwarmağan bolsa edituwarmağan bolsaed	biztuwarmağan bolsaq edituwarmağan bolsaq ed	siztuwarmağan bolsağız edituwarmağan bolsağız ed	alatuwarmağan bolsala edituwarmağan bolsalaed
Wish, past (if only I had)no such form
Wish, past (if only I had)no such form
Conditional, aoristif he will unharness	mentuwarır esem	sentuwarır eseng	oltuwarır ese	biztuwarır esek	siztuwarır esegiz	alatuwarır esele
Conditional, aoristif he won't unharness	mentuwarmaz esem	sentuwarmaz eseng	oltuwarmaz ese	biztuwarmaz esek	siztuwarmaz esegiz	alatuwarmaz esele
Conditional, aoristno such form
Conditional, aoristno such form
Conditional, futureif he is going to unharness	mentuwarlıq esem⁴	sentuwarlıq eseng⁴	oltuwarlıq ese⁴	biztuwarlıq esek⁴	siztuwarlıq esegiz⁴	alatuwarlıq esele⁴
Conditional, futureif he is not going to unharness	mentuwarlıq tül esem⁴	sentuwarlıq tül eseng⁴	oltuwarlıq tül ese⁴	biztuwarlıq tül esek⁴	siztuwarlıq tül esegiz⁴	alatuwarlıq tül esele⁴
Conditional, futureno such form
Conditional, futureno such form
Conditional, counterfactual futureif he were going to unharness	mentuwarlıq bolsam⁵	sentuwarlıq bolsang⁵	oltuwarlıq bolsa⁵	biztuwarlıq bolsaq⁵	siztuwarlıq bolsağız⁵	alatuwarlıq bolsala⁵
Conditional, counterfactual futureif he were not going to unharness	mentuwarmazlıq bolsam	sentuwarmazlıq bolsang	oltuwarmazlıq bolsa	biztuwarmazlıq bolsaq	siztuwarmazlıq bolsağız	alatuwarmazlıq bolsala
Conditional, counterfactual futureno such form
Conditional, counterfactual futureno such form

Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms

Conditional, definite pastalso tuwardıng ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Conditional, futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so tuwarrıq ese
Conditional, counterfactual futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so tuwarrıq bolsa

Inferential

affirmativenegative

Inferential — forms of tuwarırğa: each tense across the six persons, in the form chosen above.
Tense	menI	senyou	olhe/she/it	bizwe	sizyou all	alathey
Inference, present (must be doing)he must be unharnessing	mentuwara bolurma	sentuwara bolursa	oltuwara bolur	biztuwara bolurbuz	siztuwara bolursuz	alatuwara bolurla
Inference, present (must be doing)he must not be unharnessing	mentuwarmay bolurma	sentuwarmay bolursa	oltuwarmay bolur	biztuwarmay bolurbuz	siztuwarmay bolursuz	alatuwarmay bolurla
Inference, present (must be doing)no such form
Inference, present (must be doing)no such form
Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of)he must be in the middle of unharnessing	mentuwara tura bolurma	sentuwara tura bolursa	oltuwara tura bolur	biztuwara tura bolurbuz	siztuwara tura bolursuz	alatuwara tura bolurla
Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of)he must keep on not unharnessing	mentuwarmay tura bolurma	sentuwarmay tura bolursa	oltuwarmay tura bolur	biztuwarmay tura bolurbuz	siztuwarmay tura bolursuz	alatuwarmay tura bolurla
Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of)no such form
Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of)no such form
Inference (must have)he must have unharnessed	mentuwarğan bolurma	sentuwarğan bolursa	oltuwarğan bolur	biztuwarğan bolurbuz	siztuwarğan bolursuz	alatuwarğan bolurla
Inference (must have)he must not have unharnessed	mentuwarmağan bolurma	sentuwarmağan bolursa	oltuwarmağan bolur	biztuwarmağan bolurbuz	siztuwarmağan bolursuz	alatuwarmağan bolurla
Inference (must have)no such form
Inference (must have)no such form
Inference, future (must be going to)he must be going to unharness	mentuwarlıq bolurma⁶	sentuwarlıq bolursa⁶	oltuwarlıq bolur⁶	biztuwarlıq bolurbuz⁶	siztuwarlıq bolursuz⁶	alatuwarlıq bolurla⁶
Inference, future (must be going to)he must not be going to unharness	mentuwarmazlıq bolurma	sentuwarmazlıq bolursa	oltuwarmazlıq bolur	biztuwarmazlıq bolurbuz	siztuwarmazlıq bolursuz	alatuwarmazlıq bolurla
Inference, future (must be going to)no such form
Inference, future (must be going to)no such form

Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms

Inference, future (must be going to)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so tuwarrıq bolur

Commands, requests and wishes

affirmativenegativequestionnegative question

Commands, requests and wishes — forms of tuwarırğa: each tense across the six persons, in the form chosen above.
Tense	menI	senyou	olhe/she/it	bizwe	sizyou all	alathey
Commands & suggestionslet him/her/it unharness	mentuwarayım	sentuwar!	oltuwarsın	biztuwarayıq	siztuwarığız!	alatuwarsınla
Commands & suggestionslet him/her/it not unharness	mentuwarmayım	sentuwarma!	oltuwarmasın	biztuwarmayıq	siztuwarmağız!	alatuwarmasınla
Commands & suggestionsshould he unharness?	mentuwarayımmı?		oltuwarsınmı?	biztuwarayıqmı?		alatuwarsınlamı?
Commands & suggestionsshould he not unharness?	mentuwarmayımmı?		oltuwarmasınmı?	biztuwarmayıqmı?		alatuwarmasınlamı?
Requestsdo let him/her/it unharness		sentuwarçı⁷	oltuwarsınçı		siztuwarçığız	alatuwarsınlaçı
Requestsdo let him/her/it not unharness		sentuwarmaçı⁷	oltuwarmasınçı		siztuwarmaçığız	alatuwarmasınlaçı
Requestsno such form
Requestsno such form
Blessings & curses — may you…may you unharness		sentuwarğıntuwarğı
Blessings & curses — may you…may you not unharness		sentuwarmağıntuwarmağı
Blessings & curses — may you…no such form
Blessings & curses — may you…no such form
Optative wish (-ğay + edi)would that he unharnessed	mentuwarğay edim tuwarğa edim	sentuwarğay eding tuwarğa eding	oltuwarğay edi tuwarğa edi	biztuwarğay edik tuwarğa edik	siztuwarğay edigiz tuwarğa edigiz	alatuwarğay edile tuwarğa edile
Optative wish (-ğay + edi)would that he did not unharness	mentuwarmağay edim tuwarmağa edim	sentuwarmağay eding tuwarmağa eding	oltuwarmağay edi tuwarmağa edi	biztuwarmağay edik tuwarmağa edik	siztuwarmağay edigiz tuwarmağa edigiz	alatuwarmağay edile tuwarmağa edile
Optative wish (-ğay + edi)no such form
Optative wish (-ğay + edi)no such form
Let someone… (commands)let him/her/it allow someone to unharness	mentuwarmağa qoyayımtuwarma qoyayım	sentuwarmağa qoy!tuwarma qoy!	oltuwarmağa qoysuntuwarma qoysun	biztuwarmağa qoyayıqtuwarma qoyayıq	siztuwarmağa qoyuğuz!tuwarma qoyuğuz!	alatuwarmağa qoysunlatuwarma qoysunla
Let someone… (commands)let him/her/it not allow someone to unharness	mentuwarmağa qoymayımtuwarma qoymayım	sentuwarmağa qoyma!tuwarma qoyma!	oltuwarmağa qoymasıntuwarma qoymasın	biztuwarmağa qoymayıqtuwarma qoymayıq	siztuwarmağa qoymağız!tuwarma qoymağız!	alatuwarmağa qoymasınlatuwarma qoymasınla
Let someone… (commands)should he allow someone to unharness?	mentuwarmağa qoyayımmı?tuwarma qoyayımmı?		oltuwarmağa qoysunmu?tuwarma qoysunmu?	biztuwarmağa qoyayıqmı?tuwarma qoyayıqmı?		alatuwarmağa qoysunlamı?tuwarma qoysunlamı?
Let someone… (commands)should he not allow someone to unharness?	mentuwarmağa qoymayımmı?tuwarma qoymayımmı?		oltuwarmağa qoymasınmı?tuwarma qoymasınmı?	biztuwarmağa qoymayıqmı?tuwarma qoymayıqmı?		alatuwarmağa qoymasınlamı?tuwarma qoymasınlamı?
Let someone… (present)he allows someone to unharness	mentuwarmağa qoyamatuwarma qoyama	sentuwarmağa qoyasatuwarma qoyasa	oltuwarmağa qoyadıtuwarma qoyadı	biztuwarmağa qoyabıztuwarma qoyabız	siztuwarmağa qoyasıztuwarma qoyasız	alatuwarmağa qoyadılatuwarma qoyadıla
Let someone… (present)he doesn't allow someone to unharness	mentuwarmağa qoymaymatuwarma qoymayma	sentuwarmağa qoymaysatuwarma qoymaysa	oltuwarmağa qoymaydıtuwarma qoymaydı	biztuwarmağa qoymaybıztuwarma qoymaybız	siztuwarmağa qoymaysıztuwarma qoymaysız	alatuwarmağa qoymaydılatuwarma qoymaydıla
Let someone… (present)does he allow someone to unharness?	mentuwarmağa qoyamıma?tuwarma qoyamıma?	sentuwarmağa qoyamısa?tuwarma qoyamısa?	oltuwarmağa qoyamıdı?tuwarma qoyamıdı?	biztuwarmağa qoyamıbız?tuwarma qoyamıbız?	siztuwarmağa qoyamısız?tuwarma qoyamısız?	alatuwarmağa qoyamıdıla?tuwarma qoyamıdıla?
Let someone… (present)doesn't he allow someone to unharness?	mentuwarmağa qoymaymıma?tuwarma qoymaymıma?	sentuwarmağa qoymaymısa?tuwarma qoymaymısa?	oltuwarmağa qoymaymıdı?tuwarma qoymaymıdı?	biztuwarmağa qoymaymıbız?tuwarma qoymaymıbız?	siztuwarmağa qoymaymısız?tuwarma qoymaymısız?	alatuwarmağa qoymaymıdıla?tuwarma qoymaymıdıla?
Let someone… (past)he allowed someone to unharness	mentuwarmağa qoydumtuwarma qoydum	sentuwarmağa qoydungtuwarma qoydung	oltuwarmağa qoydutuwarma qoydu	biztuwarmağa qoyduqtuwarma qoyduq	siztuwarmağa qoyduğuztuwarma qoyduğuz	alatuwarmağa qoydulatuwarma qoydula
Let someone… (past)he didn't allow someone to unharness	mentuwarmağa qoymadımtuwarma qoymadım	sentuwarmağa qoymadıngtuwarma qoymadıng	oltuwarmağa qoymadıtuwarma qoymadı	biztuwarmağa qoymadıqtuwarma qoymadıq	siztuwarmağa qoymadığıztuwarma qoymadığız	alatuwarmağa qoymadılatuwarma qoymadıla
Let someone… (past)did he allow someone to unharness?	mentuwarmağa qoydummu?tuwarma qoydummu?	sentuwarmağa qoydungmu?tuwarma qoydungmu?	oltuwarmağa qoydumu?tuwarma qoydumu?	biztuwarmağa qoyduqmu?tuwarma qoyduqmu?	siztuwarmağa qoyduğuzmu?tuwarma qoyduğuzmu?	alatuwarmağa qoydulamı?tuwarma qoydulamı?
Let someone… (past)didn't he allow someone to unharness?	mentuwarmağa qoymadımmı?tuwarma qoymadımmı?	sentuwarmağa qoymadıngmı?tuwarma qoymadıngmı?	oltuwarmağa qoymadımı?tuwarma qoymadımı?	biztuwarmağa qoymadıqmı?tuwarma qoymadıqmı?	siztuwarmağa qoymadığızmı?tuwarma qoymadığızmı?	alatuwarmağa qoymadılamı?tuwarma qoymadılamı?

RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.

Ability

affirmativenegativequestionnegative question

Ability — forms of tuwarırğa: each tense across the six persons, in the form chosen above.
Tense	menI	senyou	olhe/she/it	bizwe	sizyou all	alathey
Ability — presenthe can unharness	mentuwaralama	sentuwaralasa	oltuwaraladı	biztuwaralabız	siztuwaralasız	alatuwaraladıla
Ability — presenthe can't unharness	mentuwaralmayma	sentuwaralmaysa	oltuwaralmaydı	biztuwaralmaybız	siztuwaralmaysız	alatuwaralmaydıla
Ability — presentcan he unharness?	mentuwaralamıma? tuwaralamamı?	sentuwaralamısa?	oltuwaralamıdı?	biztuwaralamıbız? tuwaralabızmı?	siztuwaralamısız?	alatuwaralamıdıla?
Ability — presentcan't he unharness?	mentuwaralmaymıma? tuwaralmaymamı?	sentuwaralmaymısa?	oltuwaralmaymıdı?	biztuwaralmaymıbız? tuwaralmaybızmı?	siztuwaralmaymısız?	alatuwaralmaymıdıla?
Ability — if I can…if he can unharness	mentuwaralsam	sentuwaralsang	oltuwaralsa	biztuwaralsaq	siztuwaralsağız	alatuwaralsala
Ability — if I can…if he can't unharness	mentuwaralmasam	sentuwaralmasang	oltuwaralmasa	biztuwaralmasaq	siztuwaralmasağız	alatuwaralmasala
Ability — if I can…no such form
Ability — if I can…no such form
Ability — simple pasthe was able to unharness	mentuwaraldım	sentuwaraldıng	oltuwaraldı	biztuwaraldıq	siztuwaraldığız	alatuwaraldıla
Ability — simple pasthe could not unharness	mentuwaralmadım	sentuwaralmadıng	oltuwaralmadı	biztuwaralmadıq	siztuwaralmadığız	alatuwaralmadıla
Ability — simple pastwas he able to unharness?	mentuwaraldımmı?	sentuwaraldıngmı?	oltuwaraldımı?	biztuwaraldıqmı?	siztuwaraldığızmı?	alatuwaraldılamı?
Ability — simple pastcouldn't he unharness?	mentuwaralmadımmı?	sentuwaralmadıngmı?	oltuwaralmadımı?	biztuwaralmadıqmı?	siztuwaralmadığızmı?	alatuwaralmadılamı?
Ability — perfect / -ğan pasthe has been able to unharness	mentuwaralğanma	sentuwaralğansa	oltuwaralğandı	biztuwaralğanbız	siztuwaralğansız	alatuwaralğandıla
Ability — perfect / -ğan pasthe hasn't been able to unharness	mentuwaralmağanma	sentuwaralmağansa	oltuwaralmağandı	biztuwaralmağanbız	siztuwaralmağansız	alatuwaralmağandıla
Ability — perfect / -ğan pasthas he been able to unharness?	mentuwaralğanmıma? tuwaralğanmamı?	sentuwaralğanmısa?	oltuwaralğanmıdı?	biztuwaralğanmıbız? tuwaralğanbızmı?	siztuwaralğanmısız?	alatuwaralğanmıdıla?
Ability — perfect / -ğan pasthasn't he been able to unharness?	mentuwaralmağanmıma? tuwaralmağanmamı?	sentuwaralmağanmısa?	oltuwaralmağanmıdı?	biztuwaralmağanmıbız? tuwaralmağanbızmı?	siztuwaralmağanmısız?	alatuwaralmağanmıdıla?
Ability — past perfecthe had been able to unharness	mentuwaralğan edimtuwaralğanem	sentuwaralğan edingtuwaralğaneng	oltuwaralğan edituwaralğaned	biztuwaralğan ediktuwaralğanek	siztuwaralğan edigiztuwaralğanegiz	alatuwaralğan ediletuwaralğanelle
Ability — past perfecthe hadn't been able to unharness	mentuwaralmağan edimtuwaralmağanem	sentuwaralmağan edingtuwaralmağaneng	oltuwaralmağan edituwaralmağaned	biztuwaralmağan ediktuwaralmağanek	siztuwaralmağan edigiztuwaralmağanegiz	alatuwaralmağan ediletuwaralmağanelle
Ability — past perfectno such form
Ability — past perfectno such form
Ability — past backgroundhe could unharness	mentuwarala edimtuwaralaem	sentuwarala edingtuwaralaeng	oltuwarala edituwaralaed	biztuwarala ediktuwaralaek	siztuwarala edigiztuwaralaegiz	alatuwarala ediletuwaralaelle
Ability — past backgroundhe could not unharness	mentuwaralmay edimtuwaralmayem	sentuwaralmay edingtuwaralmayeng	oltuwaralmay edituwaralmayed	biztuwaralmay ediktuwaralmayek	siztuwaralmay edigiztuwaralmayegiz	alatuwaralmay ediletuwaralmayelle
Ability — past backgroundno such form
Ability — past backgroundno such form
Ability — future Ihe will be able to unharness	mentuwaralırma	sentuwaralırsa	oltuwaralır	biztuwaralırbız	siztuwaralırsız	alatuwaralırla
Ability — future Ihe won't be able to unharness	mentuwaralmazma	sentuwaralmazsa	oltuwaralmaz	biztuwaralmazbız	siztuwaralmazsız	alatuwaralmazla
Ability — future Iwill he be able to unharness?	mentuwaralırmıma? tuwaralırmamı?	sentuwaralırmısa?	oltuwaralırmı?	biztuwaralırmıbız? tuwaralırbızmı?	siztuwaralırmısız?	alatuwaralırmıla?
Ability — future Iwon't he be able to unharness?	mentuwaralmazmıma? tuwaralmazmamı?	sentuwaralmazmısa?	oltuwaralmazmı?	biztuwaralmazmıbız? tuwaralmazbızmı?	siztuwaralmazmısız?	alatuwaralmazmıla?
Ability — future IIhe is going to be able to unharness	mentuwarallıqma	sentuwarallıqsa	oltuwarallıqdı	biztuwarallıqbız	siztuwarallıqsız	alatuwarallıqdıla
Ability — future IIhe is not going to be able to unharness	mentuwarallıq tülme	sentuwarallıq tülse	oltuwarallıq tüldü	biztuwarallıq tülbüz	siztuwarallıq tülsüz	alatuwarallıq tüldüle
Ability — future IIis he going to be able to unharness?	mentuwarallıqmıma? tuwarallıqmamı?	sentuwarallıqmısa?	oltuwarallıqmıdı?	biztuwarallıqmıbız? tuwarallıqbızmı?	siztuwarallıqmısız?	alatuwarallıqmıdıla?
Ability — future IIisn't he going to be able to unharness?	mentuwarallıq tülmüme?	sentuwarallıq tülmüse?	oltuwarallıq tülmüdü?	biztuwarallıq tülmübüz?	siztuwarallıq tülmüsüz?	alatuwarallıq tülmüdüle?
Ability — would be able to…he would be able to unharness	mentuwaralır edimtuwaralır em	sentuwaralır edingtuwaralır eng	oltuwaralır edituwaralır ed	biztuwaralır ediktuwaralır ek	siztuwaralır edigiztuwaralır egiz	alatuwaralır ediletuwaralır elle
Ability — would be able to…he wouldn't be able to unharness	mentuwaralmaz edimtuwaralmaz em	sentuwaralmaz edingtuwaralmaz eng	oltuwaralmaz edituwaralmaz ed	biztuwaralmaz ediktuwaralmaz ek	siztuwaralmaz edigiztuwaralmaz egiz	alatuwaralmaz ediletuwaralmaz elle
Ability — would be able to…no such form
Ability — would be able to…no such form
Second-person optative — abilitymay you be able to unharness		sentuwaralğıntuwaralğı
Second-person optative — abilitymay you not be able to unharness		sentuwaralmağıntuwaralmağı
Second-person optative — abilityno such form
Second-person optative — abilityno such form

Emphatic and rare forms

Emphatic and rare forms — forms of tuwarırğa: the second negation of each tense that has one, across the six persons.
Form	menI	senyou	olhe/she/it	bizwe	sizyou all	alathey
Inference, present — auxiliary negatedhe can't be unharnessing	mentuwara bolmazma	sentuwara bolmazsa	oltuwara bolmaz	biztuwara bolmazbız	siztuwara bolmazsız	alatuwara bolmazla
Inference, present — double negationhe must be unharnessing (emphatic)	mentuwarmay bolmazma	sentuwarmay bolmazsa	oltuwarmay bolmaz	biztuwarmay bolmazbız	siztuwarmay bolmazsız	alatuwarmay bolmazla
Inference, progressive — auxiliary negatedhe can't be in the middle of unharnessing	mentuwara tura bolmazma	sentuwara tura bolmazsa	oltuwara tura bolmaz	biztuwara tura bolmazbız	siztuwara tura bolmazsız	alatuwara tura bolmazla
Inference, progressive — double negationhe must keep on not unharnessing (emphatic)	mentuwarmay tura bolmazma	sentuwarmay tura bolmazsa	oltuwarmay tura bolmaz	biztuwarmay tura bolmazbız	siztuwarmay tura bolmazsız	alatuwarmay tura bolmazla
Progressive — verb negatedhe keeps on not unharnessing	mentuwarmay turama	sentuwarmay turasa	oltuwarmay turadı	biztuwarmay turabız	siztuwarmay turasız	alatuwarmay turadıla
Progressive — double negationhe is not keeping on not unharnessing	mentuwarmay turmayma	sentuwarmay turmaysa	oltuwarmay turmaydı	biztuwarmay turmaybız	siztuwarmay turmaysız	alatuwarmay turmaydıla
Progressive — double negationisn't he keeping on not unharnessing?	mentuwarmay turmaymıma	sentuwarmay turmaymısa	oltuwarmay turmaymıdı	biztuwarmay turmaymıbız	siztuwarmay turmaymısız	alatuwarmay turmaymıdıla
Inference — auxiliary negatedhe can't have unharnessed	mentuwarğan bolmazma	sentuwarğan bolmazsa	oltuwarğan bolmaz	biztuwarğan bolmazbız	siztuwarğan bolmazsız	alatuwarğan bolmazla
Inference — double negationhe must have unharnessed (emphatic)	mentuwarmağan bolmazma	sentuwarmağan bolmazsa	oltuwarmağan bolmaz	biztuwarmağan bolmazbız	siztuwarmağan bolmazsız	alatuwarmağan bolmazla
Counterfactual — auxiliary negatedif it weren't that he had unharnessed	mentuwarğan bolmasam	sentuwarğan bolmasang	oltuwarğan bolmasa	biztuwarğan bolmasaq	siztuwarğan bolmasağız	alatuwarğan bolmasala
Counterfactual — double negationif it weren't that he hadn't unharnessed	mentuwarmağan bolmasam	sentuwarmağan bolmasang	oltuwarmağan bolmasa	biztuwarmağan bolmasaq	siztuwarmağan bolmasağız	alatuwarmağan bolmasala
Inference, future — auxiliary negatedhe can't be going to unharness	mentuwarlıq bolmazma	sentuwarlıq bolmazsa	oltuwarlıq bolmaz	biztuwarlıq bolmazbız	siztuwarlıq bolmazsız	alatuwarlıq bolmazla
Inference, future — double negationhe must be going to unharness (emphatic)	mentuwarmazlıq bolmazma	sentuwarmazlıq bolmazsa	oltuwarmazlıq bolmaz	biztuwarmazlıq bolmazbız	siztuwarmazlıq bolmazsız	alatuwarmazlıq bolmazla
Counterfactual future — auxiliary negatedif it weren't that he were going to unharness	mentuwarlıq bolmasam	sentuwarlıq bolmasang	oltuwarlıq bolmasa	biztuwarlıq bolmasaq	siztuwarlıq bolmasağız	alatuwarlıq bolmasala
Counterfactual future — double negationif it weren't that he were not going to unharness	mentuwarmazlıq bolmasam	sentuwarmazlıq bolmasang	oltuwarmazlıq bolmasa	biztuwarmazlıq bolmasaq	siztuwarmazlıq bolmasağız	alatuwarmazlıq bolmasala