tuma
/tuma/
Definitions
1. crossbreed, an animal born of two different stocks
- qadır eşek bla atnı tumasıdı — the mule is a cross of donkey and horse
2. dark, deep in colour
- tügü tuma buzow — a calf of dark coat
- tuma qumaç — dark cloth
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or .As a noun
Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | tumathe crossbreed | tumalathe crossbreeds | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | tumanıthe crossbreed's | tumalanıthe crossbreeds' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | tumanıthe crossbreed (as the object) | tumalanıthe crossbreeds (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | tumağato the crossbreed | tumalağato the crossbreeds | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | tumadaat / in the crossbreed | tumaladaat / in the crossbreeds | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | tumadanfrom the crossbreed | tumaladanfrom the crossbreeds | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | tumammy crossbreed | tumalarımmy crossbreeds |
| your | tumangyour crossbreed | tumalarıngyour crossbreeds |
| his / her | tumasıhis / her crossbreed | tumalarıhis / her crossbreeds |
| our | tumabızour crossbreed | tumalarıbızour crossbreeds |
| you all's | tumağızyou all's crossbreed | tumalarığızyou all's crossbreeds |
| their | tumalarıtheir crossbreed | tumalarıtheir crossbreeds |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: tumaları can mean "his / her crossbreeds", "their crossbreed", or "their crossbreeds" — context decides.
As an adjective
Saying it about something
| One thing | Several | |
|---|---|---|
| this / these | bu tumadıthis is dark | bıla tumadılathese are dark |
| that / those | ol tumadıthat / it is dark | ala tumadılathose / they are dark |
| mine | meniki tumadımine is dark | menikile tumadılamine are dark |
| yours | seniki tumadıyours is dark | senikile tumadılayours are dark |
| ours | bizniki tumadıours is dark | biznikile tumadılaours are dark |