taqıllarğa
/taqɯllarʁa/
improve, make better — Takes a direct object: işni taqıllarğa "improve the work".
- işni taqıllarğa — to improve the work
- ol işin taqıllaydı — he improves his work
- biz üyübüznü taqılladıq — we improved our house
- oquwuŋu taqılla — improve your studies
Conjugation
Common forms
- taqıllaydıhe is improving
- taqılladıhe improved
- taqıllağandıhe has improved
- taqıllarhe will improve
- taqıllarıqdıhe is going to improve
- taqıllay edihe was improving
- taqıllasaif he improves
- taqılla!improve!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentaqıllaymaI am improving | sentaqıllaysayou are improving | oltaqıllaydıhe is improving | biztaqıllaybızwe are improving | siztaqıllaysızyou all are improving | alataqıllaydılathey are improving |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentaqıllamaymaI am not improving | sentaqıllamaysayou are not improving | oltaqıllamaydıhe is not improving | biztaqıllamaybızwe are not improving | siztaqıllamaysızyou all are not improving | alataqıllamaydılathey are not improving |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentaqıllaymamı? taqıllaymıma?am I improving? | sentaqıllaymısa?are you improving? | oltaqıllaymıdı?is he improving? | biztaqıllaybızmı? taqıllaymıbız?are we improving? | siztaqıllaymısız?are you all improving? | alataqıllaymıdıla?are they improving? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentaqıllamaymamı? taqıllamaymıma?aren't I improving? | sentaqıllamaymısa?aren't you improving? | oltaqıllamaymıdı?isn't he improving? | biztaqıllamaybızmı? taqıllamaymıbız?aren't we improving? | siztaqıllamaymısız?aren't you all improving? | alataqıllamaymıdıla?aren't they improving? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentaqıllawçanmaI usually improve | sentaqıllawçansayou usually improve | oltaqıllawçandıhe usually improves | biztaqıllawçanbızwe usually improve | siztaqıllawçansızyou all usually improve | alataqıllawçandılathey usually improve |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentaqıllamawçanmaI usually don't improve | sentaqıllamawçansayou usually don't improve | oltaqıllamawçandıhe usually doesn't improve | biztaqıllamawçanbızwe usually don't improve | siztaqıllamawçansızyou all usually don't improve | alataqıllamawçandılathey usually don't improve |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentaqıllawçanmamı? taqıllawçanmıma?do I usually improve? | sentaqıllawçanmısa?do you usually improve? | oltaqıllawçanmıdı?does he usually improve? | biztaqıllawçanbızmı? taqıllawçanmıbız?do we usually improve? | siztaqıllawçanmısız?do you all usually improve? | alataqıllawçanmıdıla?do they usually improve? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentaqıllamawçanmamı? taqıllamawçanmıma?do I usually not improve? | sentaqıllamawçanmısa?do you usually not improve? | oltaqıllamawçanmıdı?does he usually not improve? | biztaqıllamawçanbızmı? taqıllamawçanmıbız?do we usually not improve? | siztaqıllamawçanmısız?do you all usually not improve? | alataqıllamawçanmıdıla?do they usually not improve? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltaqıllabdıhe has improved and remains so | alataqıllabdılathey have improved and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltaqıllabmıdı?has he improved? | alataqıllabmıdıla?have they improved? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentaqıllab turamaI keep improving | sentaqıllab turasayou keep improving | oltaqıllab turadıhe keeps improving | biztaqıllab turabızwe keep improving | siztaqıllab turasızyou all keep improving | alataqıllab turadılathey keep improving |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentaqıllab turmaymaI don't keep improving | sentaqıllab turmaysayou don't keep improving | oltaqıllab turmaydıhe doesn't keep improving | biztaqıllab turmaybızwe don't keep improving | siztaqıllab turmaysızyou all don't keep improving | alataqıllab turmaydılathey don't keep improving |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentaqıllab turamamı? taqıllab turamıma?do I keep improving? | sentaqıllab turamısa?do you keep improving? | oltaqıllab turamıdı?does he keep improving? | biztaqıllab turabızmı? taqıllab turamıbız?do we keep improving? | siztaqıllab turamısız?do you all keep improving? | alataqıllab turamıdıla?do they keep improving? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentaqıllab turmaymamı? taqıllab turmaymıma?don't I keep improving? | sentaqıllab turmaymısa?don't you keep improving? | oltaqıllab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep improving? | biztaqıllab turmaybızmı? taqıllab turmaymıbız?don't we keep improving? | siztaqıllab turmaymısız?don't you all keep improving? | alataqıllab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep improving? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentaqıllay turamaI am in the middle of improving | sentaqıllay turasayou are in the middle of improving | oltaqıllay turadıhe is in the middle of improving | biztaqıllay turabızwe are in the middle of improving | siztaqıllay turasızyou all are in the middle of improving | alataqıllay turadılathey are in the middle of improving |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentaqıllay turmaymaI am not in the middle of improving | sentaqıllay turmaysayou are not in the middle of improving | oltaqıllay turmaydıhe is not in the middle of improving | biztaqıllay turmaybızwe are not in the middle of improving | siztaqıllay turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of improving | alataqıllay turmaydılathey are not in the middle of improving |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentaqıllay turamamı? taqıllay turamıma?am I in the middle of improving? | sentaqıllay turamısa?are you in the middle of improving? | oltaqıllay turamıdı?is he in the middle of improving? | biztaqıllay turabızmı? taqıllay turamıbız?are we in the middle of improving? | siztaqıllay turamısız?are you all in the middle of improving? | alataqıllay turamıdıla?are they in the middle of improving? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentaqıllay turmaymamı? taqıllay turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of improving? | sentaqıllay turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of improving? | oltaqıllay turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of improving? | biztaqıllay turmaybızmı? taqıllay turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of improving? | siztaqıllay turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of improving? | alataqıllay turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of improving? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentaqılladımI improved | sentaqılladıŋyou improved | oltaqılladıhe improved | biztaqılladıqwe improved | siztaqılladığızyou all improved | alataqılladılathey improved |
| Simple past (definite) | mentaqıllamadımI didn't improve | sentaqıllamadıŋyou didn't improve | oltaqıllamadıhe didn't improve | biztaqıllamadıqwe didn't improve | siztaqıllamadığızyou all didn't improve | alataqıllamadılathey didn't improve |
| Simple past (definite) | mentaqılladımmı?did I improve? | sentaqılladıŋmı?did you improve? | oltaqılladımı?did he improve? | biztaqılladıqmı?did we improve? | siztaqılladığızmı?did you all improve? | alataqılladılamı?did they improve? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentaqıllamadımmı?didn't I improve? | sentaqıllamadıŋmı?didn't you improve? | oltaqıllamadımı?didn't he improve? | biztaqıllamadıqmı?didn't we improve? | siztaqıllamadığızmı?didn't you all improve? | alataqıllamadılamı?didn't they improve? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentaqıllağanmaI have improved | sentaqıllağansayou have improved | oltaqıllağandıhe has improved | biztaqıllağanbızwe have improved | siztaqıllağansızyou all have improved | alataqıllağandılathey have improved |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentaqıllamağanmaI haven't improved | sentaqıllamağansayou haven't improved | oltaqıllamağandıhe hasn't improved | biztaqıllamağanbızwe haven't improved | siztaqıllamağansızyou all haven't improved | alataqıllamağandılathey haven't improved |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentaqıllağanmamı? taqıllağanmıma?have I improved? | sentaqıllağanmısa?have you improved? | oltaqıllağanmıdı?has he improved? | biztaqıllağanbızmı? taqıllağanmıbız?have we improved? | siztaqıllağanmısız?have you all improved? | alataqıllağanmıdıla?have they improved? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentaqıllamağanmamı? taqıllamağanmıma?haven't I improved? | sentaqıllamağanmısa?haven't you improved? | oltaqıllamağanmıdı?hasn't he improved? | biztaqıllamağanbızmı? taqıllamağanmıbız?haven't we improved? | siztaqıllamağanmısız?haven't you all improved? | alataqıllamağanmıdıla?haven't they improved? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentaqıllab turdumI kept improving | sentaqıllab turduŋyou kept improving | oltaqıllab turduhe kept improving | biztaqıllab turduqwe kept improving | siztaqıllab turduğuzyou all kept improving | alataqıllab turdulathey kept improving |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentaqıllab turmadımI didn't keep improving | sentaqıllab turmadıŋyou didn't keep improving | oltaqıllab turmadıhe didn't keep improving | biztaqıllab turmadıqwe didn't keep improving | siztaqıllab turmadığızyou all didn't keep improving | alataqıllab turmadılathey didn't keep improving |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentaqıllarmaI will improve | sentaqıllarsayou will improve | oltaqıllarhe will improve | biztaqıllarbızwe will improve | siztaqıllarsızyou all will improve | alataqıllarlathey will improve |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentaqıllamazmaI won't improve | sentaqıllamazsayou won't improve | oltaqıllamazhe won't improve | biztaqıllamazbızwe won't improve | siztaqıllamazsızyou all won't improve | alataqıllamazlathey won't improve |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentaqıllarmamı? taqıllarmıma?will I improve? | sentaqıllarmısa?will you improve? | oltaqıllarmı?will he improve? | biztaqıllarbızmı? taqıllarmıbız?will we improve? | siztaqıllarmısız?will you all improve? | alataqıllarlamı? taqıllarmıla?will they improve? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentaqıllamazmamı? taqıllamazmıma?won't I improve? | sentaqıllamazmısa?won't you improve? | oltaqıllamazmı?won't he improve? | biztaqıllamazbızmı? taqıllamazmıbız?won't we improve? | siztaqıllamazmısız?won't you all improve? | alataqıllamazlamı? taqıllamazmıla?won't they improve? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentaqıllarıqmaI am going to improve | sentaqıllarıqsayou are going to improve | oltaqıllarıqdıhe is going to improve | biztaqıllarıqbızwe are going to improve | siztaqıllarıqsızyou all are going to improve | alataqıllarıqdılathey are going to improve |
| Definite future (future II) | mentaqıllarıq tülmeI am not going to improve | sentaqıllarıq tülseyou are not going to improve | oltaqıllarıq tüldühe is not going to improve | biztaqıllarıq tülbüzwe are not going to improve | siztaqıllarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to improve | alataqıllarıq tüldülethey are not going to improve |
| Definite future (future II) | mentaqıllarıqmamı? taqıllarıqmıma?am I going to improve? | sentaqıllarıqmısa?are you going to improve? | oltaqıllarıqmıdı?is he going to improve? | biztaqıllarıqbızmı? taqıllarıqmıbız?are we going to improve? | siztaqıllarıqmısız?are you all going to improve? | alataqıllarıqmıdıla?are they going to improve? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentaqıllarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to improve? | sentaqıllarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to improve? | oltaqıllarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to improve? | biztaqıllarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to improve? | siztaqıllarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to improve? | alataqıllarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to improve? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentaqıllağan edimtaqıllağanemI had improved | sentaqıllağan ediŋtaqıllağaneŋyou had improved | oltaqıllağan editaqıllağanedhe had improved | biztaqıllağan ediktaqıllağanekwe had improved | siztaqıllağan edigiztaqıllağanegizyou all had improved | alataqıllağan ediletaqıllağanellethey had improved |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentaqıllamağan edimtaqıllamağanemI hadn't improved | sentaqıllamağan ediŋtaqıllamağaneŋyou hadn't improved | oltaqıllamağan editaqıllamağanedhe hadn't improved | biztaqıllamağan ediktaqıllamağanekwe hadn't improved | siztaqıllamağan edigiztaqıllamağanegizyou all hadn't improved | alataqıllamağan ediletaqıllamağanellethey hadn't improved |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentaqıllay edimtaqıllayemI was improving | sentaqıllay ediŋtaqıllayeŋyou were improving | oltaqıllay editaqıllayedhe was improving | biztaqıllay ediktaqıllayekwe were improving | siztaqıllay edigiztaqıllayegizyou all were improving | alataqıllay ediletaqıllayellethey were improving |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentaqıllamay edimtaqıllamayemI wasn't improving | sentaqıllamay ediŋtaqıllamayeŋyou weren't improving | oltaqıllamay editaqıllamayedhe wasn't improving | biztaqıllamay ediktaqıllamayekwe weren't improving | siztaqıllamay edigiztaqıllamayegizyou all weren't improving | alataqıllamay ediletaqıllamayellethey weren't improving |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mentaqıllawçan edimtaqıllawçanemI used to improve | sentaqıllawçan ediŋtaqıllawçaneŋyou used to improve | oltaqıllawçan editaqıllawçanedhe used to improve | biztaqıllawçan ediktaqıllawçanekwe used to improve | siztaqıllawçan edigiztaqıllawçanegizyou all used to improve | alataqıllawçan ediletaqıllawçanellethey used to improve |
| Habitual past (used to) | mentaqıllamawçan edimtaqıllamawçanemI didn't use to improve | sentaqıllamawçan ediŋtaqıllamawçaneŋyou didn't use to improve | oltaqıllamawçan editaqıllamawçanedhe didn't use to improve | biztaqıllamawçan ediktaqıllamawçanekwe didn't use to improve | siztaqıllamawçan edigiztaqıllamawçanegizyou all didn't use to improve | alataqıllamawçan ediletaqıllamawçanellethey didn't use to improve |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltaqıllab edihe had improved and remained so | alataqıllab edilethey had improved and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltaqıllab tül edihe hadn't improved | alataqıllab tül edilethey hadn't improved | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentaqıllab tura edimtaqıllab turaemI had kept improving | sentaqıllab tura ediŋtaqıllab turaeŋyou had kept improving | oltaqıllab tura editaqıllab turaedhe had kept improving | biztaqıllab tura ediktaqıllab turaekwe had kept improving | siztaqıllab tura edigiztaqıllab turaegizyou all had kept improving | alataqıllab tura ediletaqıllab turaellethey had kept improving |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentaqıllab turmay edimtaqıllab turmayemI hadn't kept improving | sentaqıllab turmay ediŋtaqıllab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept improving | oltaqıllab turmay editaqıllab turmayedhe hadn't kept improving | biztaqıllab turmay ediktaqıllab turmayekwe hadn't kept improving | siztaqıllab turmay edigiztaqıllab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept improving | alataqıllab turmay ediletaqıllab turmayellethey hadn't kept improving |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentaqıllay tura edimtaqıllay turaemI was in the middle of improving | sentaqıllay tura ediŋtaqıllay turaeŋyou were in the middle of improving | oltaqıllay tura editaqıllay turaedhe was in the middle of improving | biztaqıllay tura ediktaqıllay turaekwe were in the middle of improving | siztaqıllay tura edigiztaqıllay turaegizyou all were in the middle of improving | alataqıllay tura ediletaqıllay turaellethey were in the middle of improving |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentaqıllay turmay edimtaqıllay turmayemI wasn't in the middle of improving | sentaqıllay turmay ediŋtaqıllay turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of improving | oltaqıllay turmay editaqıllay turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of improving | biztaqıllay turmay ediktaqıllay turmayekwe weren't in the middle of improving | siztaqıllay turmay edigiztaqıllay turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of improving | alataqıllay turmay ediletaqıllay turmayellethey weren't in the middle of improving |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mentaqıllar edimtaqıllar emI would improve | sentaqıllar ediŋtaqıllar eŋyou would improve | oltaqıllar editaqıllar edhe would improve | biztaqıllar ediktaqıllar ekwe would improve | siztaqıllar edigiztaqıllar egizyou all would improve | alataqıllar ediletaqıllar ellethey would improve |
| Conditional result (would) | mentaqıllamaz edimtaqıllamaz emI wouldn't improve | sentaqıllamaz ediŋtaqıllamaz eŋyou wouldn't improve | oltaqıllamaz editaqıllamaz edhe wouldn't improve | biztaqıllamaz ediktaqıllamaz ekwe wouldn't improve | siztaqıllamaz edigiztaqıllamaz egizyou all wouldn't improve | alataqıllamaz ediletaqıllamaz ellethey wouldn't improve |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentaqıllarıq edimtaqıllarıq emI would have improved | sentaqıllarıq ediŋtaqıllarıq eŋyou would have improved | oltaqıllarıq editaqıllarıq edhe would have improved | biztaqıllarıq ediktaqıllarıq ekwe would have improved | siztaqıllarıq edigiztaqıllarıq egizyou all would have improved | alataqıllarıq ediletaqıllarıq ellethey would have improved |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentaqıllarıq tül edimtaqıllarıq tül emI wouldn't have improved | sentaqıllarıq tül ediŋtaqıllarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have improved | oltaqıllarıq tül editaqıllarıq tül edhe wouldn't have improved | biztaqıllarıq tül ediktaqıllarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have improved | siztaqıllarıq tül edigiztaqıllarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have improved | alataqıllarıq tül ediletaqıllarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have improved |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mentaqıllasamif I improve | sentaqıllasaŋif you improve | oltaqıllasaif he improves | biztaqıllasaqif we improve | siztaqıllasağızif you all improve | alataqıllasalaif they improve |
| Conditional | mentaqıllamasamif I don't improve | sentaqıllamasaŋif you don't improve | oltaqıllamasaif he doesn't improve | biztaqıllamasaqif we don't improve | siztaqıllamasağızif you all don't improve | alataqıllamasalaif they don't improve |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mentaqıllay esemif I am improving | sentaqıllay eseŋif you are improving | oltaqıllay eseif he is improving | biztaqıllay esekif we are improving | siztaqıllay esegizif you all are improving | alataqıllay eseleif they are improving |
| Conditional, present real | mentaqıllamay esemif I am not improving | sentaqıllamay eseŋif you are not improving | oltaqıllamay eseif he is not improving | biztaqıllamay esekif we are not improving | siztaqıllamay esegizif you all are not improving | alataqıllamay eseleif they are not improving |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentaqıllasam editaqıllasam edif only I improved | sentaqıllasaŋ editaqıllasaŋ edif only you improved | oltaqıllasa editaqıllasaedif only he improved | biztaqıllasaq editaqıllasaq edif only we improved | siztaqıllasağız editaqıllasağız edif only you all improved | alataqıllasala editaqıllasalaedif only they improved |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentaqıllamasam editaqıllamasam edif only I didn't improve | sentaqıllamasaŋ editaqıllamasaŋ edif only you didn't improve | oltaqıllamasa editaqıllamasaedif only he didn't improve | biztaqıllamasaq editaqıllamasaq edif only we didn't improve | siztaqıllamasağız editaqıllamasağız edif only you all didn't improve | alataqıllamasala editaqıllamasalaedif only they didn't improve |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mentaqıllab tursamif I carry on improving | sentaqıllab tursaŋif you carry on improving | oltaqıllab tursaif he carries on improving | biztaqıllab tursaqif we carry on improving | siztaqıllab tursağızif you all carry on improving | alataqıllab tursalaif they carry on improving |
| Durative conditional | mentaqıllab turmasamif I don't carry on improving | sentaqıllab turmasaŋif you don't carry on improving | oltaqıllab turmasaif he doesn't carry on improving | biztaqıllab turmasaqif we don't carry on improving | siztaqıllab turmasağızif you all don't carry on improving | alataqıllab turmasalaif they don't carry on improving |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mentaqıllab tura esemif I have kept improving | sentaqıllab tura eseŋif you have kept improving | oltaqıllab tura eseif he has kept improving | biztaqıllab tura esekif we have kept improving | siztaqıllab tura esegizif you all have kept improving | alataqıllab tura eseleif they have kept improving |
| Durative conditional, present real | mentaqıllab turmay esemif I haven't kept improving | sentaqıllab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept improving | oltaqıllab turmay eseif he hasn't kept improving | biztaqıllab turmay esekif we haven't kept improving | siztaqıllab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept improving | alataqıllab turmay eseleif they haven't kept improving |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mentaqıllay tursamif I keep improving | sentaqıllay tursaŋif you keep improving | oltaqıllay tursaif he keeps improving | biztaqıllay tursaqif we keep improving | siztaqıllay tursağızif you all keep improving | alataqıllay tursalaif they keep improving |
| Progressive conditional | mentaqıllamay tursamif I keep on not improving | sentaqıllamay tursaŋif you keep on not improving | oltaqıllamay tursaif he keeps on not improving | biztaqıllamay tursaqif we keep on not improving | siztaqıllamay tursağızif you all keep on not improving | alataqıllamay tursalaif they keep on not improving |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentaqıllay tura esemif I am in the middle of improving | sentaqıllay tura eseŋif you are in the middle of improving | oltaqıllay tura eseif he is in the middle of improving | biztaqıllay tura esekif we are in the middle of improving | siztaqıllay tura esegizif you all are in the middle of improving | alataqıllay tura eseleif they are in the middle of improving |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentaqıllamay tura esemif I keep on not improving | sentaqıllamay tura eseŋif you keep on not improving | oltaqıllamay tura eseif he keeps on not improving | biztaqıllamay tura esekif we keep on not improving | siztaqıllamay tura esegizif you all keep on not improving | alataqıllamay tura eseleif they keep on not improving |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mentaqılladım esemif I improved | sentaqılladıŋ eseŋif you improved | oltaqılladı eseif he improved | biztaqılladıq esekif we improved | siztaqılladığız esegizif you all improved | alataqılladıla eseleif they improved |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mentaqıllamadım esemif I didn't improve | sentaqıllamadıŋ eseŋif you didn't improve | oltaqıllamadı eseif he didn't improve | biztaqıllamadıq esekif we didn't improve | siztaqıllamadığız esegizif you all didn't improve | alataqıllamadıla eseleif they didn't improve |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mentaqıllağan esemif I did improve (indeed) | sentaqıllağan eseŋif you did improve (indeed) | oltaqıllağan eseif he did improve (indeed) | biztaqıllağan esekif we did improve (indeed) | siztaqıllağan esegizif you all did improve (indeed) | alataqıllağan eseleif they did improve (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mentaqıllamağan esemif I didn't improve (indeed) | sentaqıllamağan eseŋif you didn't improve (indeed) | oltaqıllamağan eseif he didn't improve (indeed) | biztaqıllamağan esekif we didn't improve (indeed) | siztaqıllamağan esegizif you all didn't improve (indeed) | alataqıllamağan eseleif they didn't improve (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentaqıllağan bolsamif I had improved | sentaqıllağan bolsaŋif you had improved | oltaqıllağan bolsaif he had improved | biztaqıllağan bolsaqif we had improved | siztaqıllağan bolsağızif you all had improved | alataqıllağan bolsalaif they had improved |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentaqıllamağan bolsamif I hadn't improved | sentaqıllamağan bolsaŋif you hadn't improved | oltaqıllamağan bolsaif he hadn't improved | biztaqıllamağan bolsaqif we hadn't improved | siztaqıllamağan bolsağızif you all hadn't improved | alataqıllamağan bolsalaif they hadn't improved |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentaqıllağan bolsam editaqıllağan bolsam edif only I had improved | sentaqıllağan bolsaŋ editaqıllağan bolsaŋ edif only you had improved | oltaqıllağan bolsa editaqıllağan bolsaedif only he had improved | biztaqıllağan bolsaq editaqıllağan bolsaq edif only we had improved | siztaqıllağan bolsağız editaqıllağan bolsağız edif only you all had improved | alataqıllağan bolsala editaqıllağan bolsalaedif only they had improved |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentaqıllamağan bolsam editaqıllamağan bolsam edif only I hadn't improved | sentaqıllamağan bolsaŋ editaqıllamağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't improved | oltaqıllamağan bolsa editaqıllamağan bolsaedif only he hadn't improved | biztaqıllamağan bolsaq editaqıllamağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't improved | siztaqıllamağan bolsağız editaqıllamağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't improved | alataqıllamağan bolsala editaqıllamağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't improved |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mentaqıllar esemif I will improve | sentaqıllar eseŋif you will improve | oltaqıllar eseif he will improve | biztaqıllar esekif we will improve | siztaqıllar esegizif you all will improve | alataqıllar eseleif they will improve |
| Conditional, aorist | mentaqıllamaz esemif I won't improve | sentaqıllamaz eseŋif you won't improve | oltaqıllamaz eseif he won't improve | biztaqıllamaz esekif we won't improve | siztaqıllamaz esegizif you all won't improve | alataqıllamaz eseleif they won't improve |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mentaqıllarıq esemif I am going to improve | sentaqıllarıq eseŋif you are going to improve | oltaqıllarıq eseif he is going to improve | biztaqıllarıq esekif we are going to improve | siztaqıllarıq esegizif you all are going to improve | alataqıllarıq eseleif they are going to improve |
| Conditional, future | mentaqıllarıq tül esemif I am not going to improve | sentaqıllarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to improve | oltaqıllarıq tül eseif he is not going to improve | biztaqıllarıq tül esekif we are not going to improve | siztaqıllarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to improve | alataqıllarıq tül eseleif they are not going to improve |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentaqıllarıq bolsamif I were going to improve | sentaqıllarıq bolsaŋif you were going to improve | oltaqıllarıq bolsaif he were going to improve | biztaqıllarıq bolsaqif we were going to improve | siztaqıllarıq bolsağızif you all were going to improve | alataqıllarıq bolsalaif they were going to improve |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentaqıllamazlıq bolsamif I were not going to improve | sentaqıllamazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to improve | oltaqıllamazlıq bolsaif he were not going to improve | biztaqıllamazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to improve | siztaqıllamazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to improve | alataqıllamazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to improve |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso taqılladıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentaqıllay bolurmaI must be improving | sentaqıllay bolursayou must be improving | oltaqıllay bolurhe must be improving | biztaqıllay bolurbuzwe must be improving | siztaqıllay bolursuzyou all must be improving | alataqıllay bolurlathey must be improving |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentaqıllamay bolurmaI must not be improving | sentaqıllamay bolursayou must not be improving | oltaqıllamay bolurhe must not be improving | biztaqıllamay bolurbuzwe must not be improving | siztaqıllamay bolursuzyou all must not be improving | alataqıllamay bolurlathey must not be improving |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentaqıllay tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of improving | sentaqıllay tura bolursayou must be in the middle of improving | oltaqıllay tura bolurhe must be in the middle of improving | biztaqıllay tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of improving | siztaqıllay tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of improving | alataqıllay tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of improving |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentaqıllamay tura bolurmaI must keep on not improving | sentaqıllamay tura bolursayou must keep on not improving | oltaqıllamay tura bolurhe must keep on not improving | biztaqıllamay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not improving | siztaqıllamay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not improving | alataqıllamay tura bolurlathey must keep on not improving |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mentaqıllağan bolurmaI must have improved | sentaqıllağan bolursayou must have improved | oltaqıllağan bolurhe must have improved | biztaqıllağan bolurbuzwe must have improved | siztaqıllağan bolursuzyou all must have improved | alataqıllağan bolurlathey must have improved |
| Inference (must have) | mentaqıllamağan bolurmaI must not have improved | sentaqıllamağan bolursayou must not have improved | oltaqıllamağan bolurhe must not have improved | biztaqıllamağan bolurbuzwe must not have improved | siztaqıllamağan bolursuzyou all must not have improved | alataqıllamağan bolurlathey must not have improved |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentaqıllarıq bolurmaI must be going to improve | sentaqıllarıq bolursayou must be going to improve | oltaqıllarıq bolurhe must be going to improve | biztaqıllarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to improve | siztaqıllarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to improve | alataqıllarıq bolurlathey must be going to improve |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentaqıllamazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to improve | sentaqıllamazlıq bolursayou must not be going to improve | oltaqıllamazlıq bolurhe must not be going to improve | biztaqıllamazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to improve | siztaqıllamazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to improve | alataqıllamazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to improve |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mentaqıllayımlet me improve | sentaqılla!improve! | oltaqıllasınlet him improve | biztaqıllayıqlet's improve | siztaqıllağız!improve, you all! | alataqıllasınlalet them improve |
| Commands & suggestions | mentaqıllamayımlet me not improve | sentaqıllama!don't improve! | oltaqıllamasınlet him not improve | biztaqıllamayıqlet's not improve | siztaqıllamağız!don't improve, you all! | alataqıllamasınlalet them not improve |
| Commands & suggestions | mentaqıllayımmı?shall I improve? | oltaqıllasınmı?should he improve? | biztaqıllayıqmı?shall we improve? | alataqıllasınlamı?should they improve? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mentaqıllamayımmı?shall I not improve? | oltaqıllamasınmı?should he not improve? | biztaqıllamayıqmı?shall we not improve? | alataqıllamasınlamı?should they not improve? | ||
| Requests | sentaqıllaçı2taqıllaçınplease improve | oltaqıllasınçıdo let him improve | siztaqıllaçığızplease improve (plural/polite) | alataqıllasınlaçıdo let them improve | ||
| Requests | sentaqıllamaçı2taqıllamaçınplease don't improve | oltaqıllamasınçıdo let him not improve | siztaqıllamaçığızplease don't improve (plural/polite) | alataqıllamasınlaçıdo let them not improve | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentaqıllağıntaqıllağımay you improve | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentaqıllamağıntaqıllamağımay you not improve | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentaqıllağay edim taqıllağa edimwould that I improved | sentaqıllağay ediŋ taqıllağa ediŋwould that you improved | oltaqıllağay edi taqıllağa ediwould that he improved | biztaqıllağay edik taqıllağa edikwould that we improved | siztaqıllağay edigiz taqıllağa edigizwould that you all improved | alataqıllağay edile taqıllağa edilewould that they improved |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentaqıllamağay edim taqıllamağa edimwould that I did not improve | sentaqıllamağay ediŋ taqıllamağa ediŋwould that you did not improve | oltaqıllamağay edi taqıllamağa ediwould that he did not improve | biztaqıllamağay edik taqıllamağa edikwould that we did not improve | siztaqıllamağay edigiz taqıllamağa edigizwould that you all did not improve | alataqıllamağay edile taqıllamağa edilewould that they did not improve |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentaqıllamağa qoyayımtaqıllama qoyayımlet me allow someone to improve | sentaqıllamağa qoy!taqıllama qoy!let someone improve! | oltaqıllamağa qoysuntaqıllama qoysunlet him allow someone to improve | biztaqıllamağa qoyayıqtaqıllama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to improve | siztaqıllamağa qoyuğuz!taqıllama qoyuğuz!let someone improve, you all! | alataqıllamağa qoysunlataqıllama qoysunlalet them allow someone to improve |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentaqıllamağa qoymayımtaqıllama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to improve | sentaqıllamağa qoyma!taqıllama qoyma!don't let someone improve! | oltaqıllamağa qoymasıntaqıllama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to improve | biztaqıllamağa qoymayıqtaqıllama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to improve | siztaqıllamağa qoymağız!taqıllama qoymağız!don't let someone improve, you all! | alataqıllamağa qoymasınlataqıllama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to improve |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentaqıllamağa qoyayımmı?taqıllama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to improve? | oltaqıllamağa qoysunmu?taqıllama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to improve? | biztaqıllamağa qoyayıqmı?taqıllama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to improve? | alataqıllamağa qoysunlamı?taqıllama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to improve? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentaqıllamağa qoymayımmı?taqıllama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to improve? | oltaqıllamağa qoymasınmı?taqıllama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to improve? | biztaqıllamağa qoymayıqmı?taqıllama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to improve? | alataqıllamağa qoymasınlamı?taqıllama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to improve? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mentaqıllamağa qoyamataqıllama qoyamaI allow someone to improve | sentaqıllamağa qoyasataqıllama qoyasayou allow someone to improve | oltaqıllamağa qoyadıtaqıllama qoyadıhe allows someone to improve | biztaqıllamağa qoyabıztaqıllama qoyabızwe allow someone to improve | siztaqıllamağa qoyasıztaqıllama qoyasızyou all allow someone to improve | alataqıllamağa qoyadılataqıllama qoyadılathey allow someone to improve |
| Let someone… (present) | mentaqıllamağa qoymaymataqıllama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to improve | sentaqıllamağa qoymaysataqıllama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to improve | oltaqıllamağa qoymaydıtaqıllama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to improve | biztaqıllamağa qoymaybıztaqıllama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to improve | siztaqıllamağa qoymaysıztaqıllama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to improve | alataqıllamağa qoymaydılataqıllama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to improve |
| Let someone… (present) | mentaqıllamağa qoyamamı?taqıllama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to improve? | sentaqıllamağa qoyamısa?taqıllama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to improve? | oltaqıllamağa qoyamıdı?taqıllama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to improve? | biztaqıllamağa qoyabızmı?taqıllama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to improve? | siztaqıllamağa qoyamısız?taqıllama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to improve? | alataqıllamağa qoyamıdıla?taqıllama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to improve? |
| Let someone… (present) | mentaqıllamağa qoymaymamı?taqıllama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to improve? | sentaqıllamağa qoymaymısa?taqıllama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to improve? | oltaqıllamağa qoymaymıdı?taqıllama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to improve? | biztaqıllamağa qoymaybızmı?taqıllama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to improve? | siztaqıllamağa qoymaymısız?taqıllama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to improve? | alataqıllamağa qoymaymıdıla?taqıllama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to improve? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentaqıllamağa qoydumtaqıllama qoydumI allowed someone to improve | sentaqıllamağa qoyduŋtaqıllama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to improve | oltaqıllamağa qoydutaqıllama qoyduhe allowed someone to improve | biztaqıllamağa qoyduqtaqıllama qoyduqwe allowed someone to improve | siztaqıllamağa qoyduğuztaqıllama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to improve | alataqıllamağa qoydulataqıllama qoydulathey allowed someone to improve |
| Let someone… (past) | mentaqıllamağa qoymadımtaqıllama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to improve | sentaqıllamağa qoymadıŋtaqıllama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to improve | oltaqıllamağa qoymadıtaqıllama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to improve | biztaqıllamağa qoymadıqtaqıllama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to improve | siztaqıllamağa qoymadığıztaqıllama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to improve | alataqıllamağa qoymadılataqıllama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to improve |
| Let someone… (past) | mentaqıllamağa qoydummu?taqıllama qoydummu?did I allow someone to improve? | sentaqıllamağa qoyduŋmu?taqıllama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to improve? | oltaqıllamağa qoydumu?taqıllama qoydumu?did he allow someone to improve? | biztaqıllamağa qoyduqmu?taqıllama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to improve? | siztaqıllamağa qoyduğuzmu?taqıllama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to improve? | alataqıllamağa qoydulamı?taqıllama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to improve? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentaqıllamağa qoymadımmı?taqıllama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to improve? | sentaqıllamağa qoymadıŋmı?taqıllama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to improve? | oltaqıllamağa qoymadımı?taqıllama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to improve? | biztaqıllamağa qoymadıqmı?taqıllama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to improve? | siztaqıllamağa qoymadığızmı?taqıllama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to improve? | alataqıllamağa qoymadılamı?taqıllama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to improve? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
taqıllayalırğa be able to improve · taqıllayalmazğa be unable to improve
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mentaqıllayalamaI can improve | sentaqıllayalasayou can improve | oltaqıllayaladıhe can improve | biztaqıllayalabızwe can improve | siztaqıllayalasızyou all can improve | alataqıllayaladılathey can improve |
| Ability — present | mentaqıllayalmaymaI can't improve | sentaqıllayalmaysayou can't improve | oltaqıllayalmaydıhe can't improve | biztaqıllayalmaybızwe can't improve | siztaqıllayalmaysızyou all can't improve | alataqıllayalmaydılathey can't improve |
| Ability — present | mentaqıllayalamamı? taqıllayalamıma?can I improve? | sentaqıllayalamısa?can you improve? | oltaqıllayalamıdı?can he improve? | biztaqıllayalabızmı? taqıllayalamıbız?can we improve? | siztaqıllayalamısız?can you all improve? | alataqıllayalamıdıla?can they improve? |
| Ability — present | mentaqıllayalmaymamı? taqıllayalmaymıma?can't I improve? | sentaqıllayalmaymısa?can't you improve? | oltaqıllayalmaymıdı?can't he improve? | biztaqıllayalmaybızmı? taqıllayalmaymıbız?can't we improve? | siztaqıllayalmaymısız?can't you all improve? | alataqıllayalmaymıdıla?can't they improve? |
| Ability — if I can… | mentaqıllayalsamif I can improve | sentaqıllayalsaŋif you can improve | oltaqıllayalsaif he can improve | biztaqıllayalsaqif we can improve | siztaqıllayalsağızif you all can improve | alataqıllayalsalaif they can improve |
| Ability — if I can… | mentaqıllayalmasamif I can't improve | sentaqıllayalmasaŋif you can't improve | oltaqıllayalmasaif he can't improve | biztaqıllayalmasaqif we can't improve | siztaqıllayalmasağızif you all can't improve | alataqıllayalmasalaif they can't improve |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mentaqıllayaldımI was able to improve | sentaqıllayaldıŋyou were able to improve | oltaqıllayaldıhe was able to improve | biztaqıllayaldıqwe were able to improve | siztaqıllayaldığızyou all were able to improve | alataqıllayaldılathey were able to improve |
| Ability — simple past | mentaqıllayalmadımI could not improve | sentaqıllayalmadıŋyou could not improve | oltaqıllayalmadıhe could not improve | biztaqıllayalmadıqwe could not improve | siztaqıllayalmadığızyou all could not improve | alataqıllayalmadılathey could not improve |
| Ability — simple past | mentaqıllayaldımmı?was I able to improve? | sentaqıllayaldıŋmı?were you able to improve? | oltaqıllayaldımı?was he able to improve? | biztaqıllayaldıqmı?were we able to improve? | siztaqıllayaldığızmı?were you all able to improve? | alataqıllayaldılamı?were they able to improve? |
| Ability — simple past | mentaqıllayalmadımmı?couldn't I improve? | sentaqıllayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you improve? | oltaqıllayalmadımı?couldn't he improve? | biztaqıllayalmadıqmı?couldn't we improve? | siztaqıllayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all improve? | alataqıllayalmadılamı?couldn't they improve? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentaqıllayalğanmaI have been able to improve | sentaqıllayalğansayou have been able to improve | oltaqıllayalğandıhe has been able to improve | biztaqıllayalğanbızwe have been able to improve | siztaqıllayalğansızyou all have been able to improve | alataqıllayalğandılathey have been able to improve |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentaqıllayalmağanmaI haven't been able to improve | sentaqıllayalmağansayou haven't been able to improve | oltaqıllayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to improve | biztaqıllayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to improve | siztaqıllayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to improve | alataqıllayalmağandılathey haven't been able to improve |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentaqıllayalğanmamı? taqıllayalğanmıma?have I been able to improve? | sentaqıllayalğanmısa?have you been able to improve? | oltaqıllayalğanmıdı?has he been able to improve? | biztaqıllayalğanbızmı? taqıllayalğanmıbız?have we been able to improve? | siztaqıllayalğanmısız?have you all been able to improve? | alataqıllayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to improve? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentaqıllayalmağanmamı? taqıllayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to improve? | sentaqıllayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to improve? | oltaqıllayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to improve? | biztaqıllayalmağanbızmı? taqıllayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to improve? | siztaqıllayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to improve? | alataqıllayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to improve? |
| Ability — past perfect | mentaqıllayalğan edimtaqıllayalğanemI had been able to improve | sentaqıllayalğan ediŋtaqıllayalğaneŋyou had been able to improve | oltaqıllayalğan editaqıllayalğanedhe had been able to improve | biztaqıllayalğan ediktaqıllayalğanekwe had been able to improve | siztaqıllayalğan edigiztaqıllayalğanegizyou all had been able to improve | alataqıllayalğan ediletaqıllayalğanellethey had been able to improve |
| Ability — past perfect | mentaqıllayalmağan edimtaqıllayalmağanemI hadn't been able to improve | sentaqıllayalmağan ediŋtaqıllayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to improve | oltaqıllayalmağan editaqıllayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to improve | biztaqıllayalmağan ediktaqıllayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to improve | siztaqıllayalmağan edigiztaqıllayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to improve | alataqıllayalmağan ediletaqıllayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to improve |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mentaqıllayala edimtaqıllayalaemI could improve | sentaqıllayala ediŋtaqıllayalaeŋyou could improve | oltaqıllayala editaqıllayalaedhe could improve | biztaqıllayala ediktaqıllayalaekwe could improve | siztaqıllayala edigiztaqıllayalaegizyou all could improve | alataqıllayala ediletaqıllayalaellethey could improve |
| Ability — past background | mentaqıllayalmay edimtaqıllayalmayemI could not improve | sentaqıllayalmay ediŋtaqıllayalmayeŋyou could not improve | oltaqıllayalmay editaqıllayalmayedhe could not improve | biztaqıllayalmay ediktaqıllayalmayekwe could not improve | siztaqıllayalmay edigiztaqıllayalmayegizyou all could not improve | alataqıllayalmay ediletaqıllayalmayellethey could not improve |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mentaqıllayalırmaI will be able to improve | sentaqıllayalırsayou will be able to improve | oltaqıllayalırhe will be able to improve | biztaqıllayalırbızwe will be able to improve | siztaqıllayalırsızyou all will be able to improve | alataqıllayalırlathey will be able to improve |
| Ability — future I | mentaqıllayalmazmaI won't be able to improve | sentaqıllayalmazsayou won't be able to improve | oltaqıllayalmazhe won't be able to improve | biztaqıllayalmazbızwe won't be able to improve | siztaqıllayalmazsızyou all won't be able to improve | alataqıllayalmazlathey won't be able to improve |
| Ability — future I | mentaqıllayalırmamı? taqıllayalırmıma?will I be able to improve? | sentaqıllayalırmısa?will you be able to improve? | oltaqıllayalırmı?will he be able to improve? | biztaqıllayalırbızmı? taqıllayalırmıbız?will we be able to improve? | siztaqıllayalırmısız?will you all be able to improve? | alataqıllayalırlamı? taqıllayalırmıla?will they be able to improve? |
| Ability — future I | mentaqıllayalmazmamı? taqıllayalmazmıma?won't I be able to improve? | sentaqıllayalmazmısa?won't you be able to improve? | oltaqıllayalmazmı?won't he be able to improve? | biztaqıllayalmazbızmı? taqıllayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to improve? | siztaqıllayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to improve? | alataqıllayalmazlamı? taqıllayalmazmıla?won't they be able to improve? |
| Ability — future II | mentaqıllayallıqmaI am going to be able to improve | sentaqıllayallıqsayou are going to be able to improve | oltaqıllayallıqdıhe is going to be able to improve | biztaqıllayallıqbızwe are going to be able to improve | siztaqıllayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to improve | alataqıllayallıqdılathey are going to be able to improve |
| Ability — future II | mentaqıllayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to improve | sentaqıllayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to improve | oltaqıllayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to improve | biztaqıllayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to improve | siztaqıllayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to improve | alataqıllayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to improve |
| Ability — future II | mentaqıllayallıqmamı? taqıllayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to improve? | sentaqıllayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to improve? | oltaqıllayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to improve? | biztaqıllayallıqbızmı? taqıllayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to improve? | siztaqıllayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to improve? | alataqıllayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to improve? |
| Ability — future II | mentaqıllayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to improve? | sentaqıllayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to improve? | oltaqıllayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to improve? | biztaqıllayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to improve? | siztaqıllayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to improve? | alataqıllayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to improve? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentaqıllayalır edimtaqıllayalır emI would be able to improve | sentaqıllayalır ediŋtaqıllayalır eŋyou would be able to improve | oltaqıllayalır editaqıllayalır edhe would be able to improve | biztaqıllayalır ediktaqıllayalır ekwe would be able to improve | siztaqıllayalır edigiztaqıllayalır egizyou all would be able to improve | alataqıllayalır ediletaqıllayalır ellethey would be able to improve |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentaqıllayalmaz edimtaqıllayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to improve | sentaqıllayalmaz ediŋtaqıllayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to improve | oltaqıllayalmaz editaqıllayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to improve | biztaqıllayalmaz ediktaqıllayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to improve | siztaqıllayalmaz edigiztaqıllayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to improve | alataqıllayalmaz ediletaqıllayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to improve |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentaqıllayalğıntaqıllayalğımay you be able to improve | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentaqıllayalmağıntaqıllayalmağımay you not be able to improve | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mentaqıllarğa izleymeI want to improve | sentaqıllarğa izleyseyou want to improve | oltaqıllarğa izleydihe wants to improve | biztaqıllarğa izleybizwe want to improve | siztaqıllarğa izleysizyou all want to improve | alataqıllarğa izleydilethey want to improve |
| want to | mentaqıllarğa izlemeymeI do not want to improve | sentaqıllarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to improve | oltaqıllarğa izlemeydihe does not want to improve | biztaqıllarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to improve | siztaqıllarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to improve | alataqıllarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to improve |
| would like to | mentaqıllarğa süemeI would like to improve | sentaqıllarğa süeseyou would like to improve | oltaqıllarğa süedihe would like to improve | biztaqıllarğa süebizwe would like to improve | siztaqıllarğa süesizyou all would like to improve | alataqıllarğa süedilethey would like to improve |
| would like to | mentaqıllarğa süymeymeI would not like to improve | sentaqıllarğa süymeyseyou would not like to improve | oltaqıllarğa süymeydihe would not like to improve | biztaqıllarğa süymeybizwe would not like to improve | siztaqıllarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to improve | alataqıllarğa süymeydilethey would not like to improve |
| hope to | mentaqıllarğa umutlanamaI hope to improve | sentaqıllarğa umutlanasayou hope to improve | oltaqıllarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to improve | biztaqıllarğa umutlanabızwe hope to improve | siztaqıllarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to improve | alataqıllarğa umutlanadılathey hope to improve |
| hope to | mentaqıllarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to improve | sentaqıllarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to improve | oltaqıllarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to improve | biztaqıllarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to improve | siztaqıllarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to improve | alataqıllarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to improve |
| be about to | mentaqıllarğa deb turamaI am about to improve | sentaqıllarğa deb turasayou are about to improve | oltaqıllarğa deb turadıhe is about to improve | biztaqıllarğa deb turabızwe are about to improve | siztaqıllarğa deb turasızyou all are about to improve | alataqıllarğa deb turadılathey are about to improve |
| be about to | mentaqıllarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to improve | sentaqıllarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to improve | oltaqıllarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to improve | biztaqıllarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to improve | siztaqıllarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to improve | alataqıllarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to improve |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mentaqıllarğa kerekmeI need to improve | sentaqıllarğa kerekseyou need to improve | oltaqıllarğa kerekdihe needs to improve | biztaqıllarğa kerekbizwe need to improve | siztaqıllarğa kereksizyou all need to improve | alataqıllarğa kerekdilethey need to improve |
| need to | mentaqıllarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to improve | sentaqıllarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to improve | oltaqıllarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to improve | biztaqıllarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to improve | siztaqıllarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to improve | alataqıllarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to improve |
| have to | menmenŋe taqıllarğa tüşediI have to improve | sensenŋe taqıllarğa tüşediyou have to improve | olaŋa taqıllarğa tüşedihe has to improve | bizbizge taqıllarğa tüşediwe have to improve | sizsizge taqıllarğa tüşediyou all have to improve | alaalağa taqıllarğa tüşedithey have to improve |
| have to | menmenŋe taqıllarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to improve | sensenŋe taqıllarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to improve | olaŋa taqıllarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to improve | bizbizge taqıllarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to improve | sizsizge taqıllarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to improve | alaalağa taqıllarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to improve |
| be obliged to | mentaqıllarğa borçlumaI am obliged to improve | sentaqıllarğa borçlusayou are obliged to improve | oltaqıllarğa borçluduhe is obliged to improve | biztaqıllarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to improve | siztaqıllarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to improve | alataqıllarğa borçludulathey are obliged to improve |
| be obliged to | mentaqıllarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to improve | sentaqıllarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to improve | oltaqıllarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to improve | biztaqıllarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to improve | siztaqıllarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to improve | alataqıllarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to improve |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mentaqıllarğa madarım bardıI have a way to improve | sentaqıllarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to improve | oltaqıllarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to improve | biztaqıllarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to improve | siztaqıllarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to improve | alataqıllarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to improve |
| have a way to | mentaqıllarğa madarım joqduI have no way to improve | sentaqıllarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to improve | oltaqıllarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to improve | biztaqıllarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to improve | siztaqıllarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to improve | alataqıllarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to improve |
| be free to | mentaqıllarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to improve | sentaqıllarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to improve | oltaqıllarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to improve | biztaqıllarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to improve | siztaqıllarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to improve | alataqıllarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to improve |
| be free to | mentaqıllarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to improve | sentaqıllarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to improve | oltaqıllarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to improve | biztaqıllarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to improve | siztaqıllarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to improve | alataqıllarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to improve |
| be possible to | menmenŋe taqıllarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to improve | sensenŋe taqıllarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to improve | olaŋa taqıllarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to improve | bizbizge taqıllarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to improve | sizsizge taqıllarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to improve | alaalağa taqıllarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to improve |
| be possible to | menmenŋe taqıllarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to improve | sensenŋe taqıllarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to improve | olaŋa taqıllarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to improve | bizbizge taqıllarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to improve | sizsizge taqıllarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to improve | alaalağa taqıllarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to improve |
| be ready to | mentaqıllarğa hazırmaI am ready to improve | sentaqıllarğa hazırsayou are ready to improve | oltaqıllarğa hazırdıhe is ready to improve | biztaqıllarğa hazırbızwe are ready to improve | siztaqıllarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to improve | alataqıllarğa hazırdılathey are ready to improve |
| be ready to | mentaqıllarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to improve | sentaqıllarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to improve | oltaqıllarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to improve | biztaqıllarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to improve | siztaqıllarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to improve | alataqıllarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to improve |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mentaqıllarğa küreşemeI am trying to improve | sentaqıllarğa küreşeseyou are trying to improve | oltaqıllarğa küreşedihe is trying to improve | biztaqıllarğa küreşebizwe are trying to improve | siztaqıllarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to improve | alataqıllarğa küreşedilethey are trying to improve |
| try to | mentaqıllarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to improve | sentaqıllarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to improve | oltaqıllarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to improve | biztaqıllarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to improve | siztaqıllarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to improve | alataqıllarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to improve |
| agree to | mentaqıllarğa unaymaI agree to improve | sentaqıllarğa unaysayou agree to improve | oltaqıllarğa unaydıhe agrees to improve | biztaqıllarğa unaybızwe agree to improve | siztaqıllarğa unaysızyou all agree to improve | alataqıllarğa unaydılathey agree to improve |
| agree to | mentaqıllarğa unamaymaI refuse to improve | sentaqıllarğa unamaysayou refuse to improve | oltaqıllarğa unamaydıhe refuses to improve | biztaqıllarğa unamaybızwe refuse to improve | siztaqıllarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to improve | alataqıllarğa unamaydılathey refuse to improve |
| hurry to | mentaqıllarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to improve | sentaqıllarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to improve | oltaqıllarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to improve | biztaqıllarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to improve | siztaqıllarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to improve | alataqıllarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to improve |
| hurry to | mentaqıllarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to improve | sentaqıllarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to improve | oltaqıllarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to improve | biztaqıllarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to improve | siztaqıllarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to improve | alataqıllarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to improve |
| be afraid to | mentaqıllarğa qorqamaI am afraid to improve | sentaqıllarğa qorqasayou are afraid to improve | oltaqıllarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to improve | biztaqıllarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to improve | siztaqıllarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to improve | alataqıllarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to improve |
| be afraid to | mentaqıllarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to improve | sentaqıllarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to improve | oltaqıllarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to improve | biztaqıllarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to improve | siztaqıllarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to improve | alataqıllarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to improve |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mentaqıllay bolmazmaI can't be improving | sentaqıllay bolmazsayou can't be improving | oltaqıllay bolmazhe can't be improving | biztaqıllay bolmazbızwe can't be improving | siztaqıllay bolmazsızyou all can't be improving | alataqıllay bolmazlathey can't be improving |
| Inference, present — double negation | mentaqıllamay bolmazmaI must be improving (emphatic) | sentaqıllamay bolmazsayou must be improving (emphatic) | oltaqıllamay bolmazhe must be improving (emphatic) | biztaqıllamay bolmazbızwe must be improving (emphatic) | siztaqıllamay bolmazsızyou all must be improving (emphatic) | alataqıllamay bolmazlathey must be improving (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mentaqıllay turmasamif I don't keep improving | sentaqıllay turmasaŋif you don't keep improving | oltaqıllay turmasaif he doesn't keep improving | biztaqıllay turmasaqif we don't keep improving | siztaqıllay turmasağızif you all don't keep improving | alataqıllay turmasalaif they don't keep improving |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mentaqıllay tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of improving | sentaqıllay tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of improving | oltaqıllay tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of improving | biztaqıllay tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of improving | siztaqıllay tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of improving | alataqıllay tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of improving |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mentaqıllamay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not improving (emphatic) | sentaqıllamay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not improving (emphatic) | oltaqıllamay tura bolmazhe must keep on not improving (emphatic) | biztaqıllamay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not improving (emphatic) | siztaqıllamay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not improving (emphatic) | alataqıllamay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not improving (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mentaqıllamay turamaI keep on not improving | sentaqıllamay turasayou keep on not improving | oltaqıllamay turadıhe keeps on not improving | biztaqıllamay turabızwe keep on not improving | siztaqıllamay turasızyou all keep on not improving | alataqıllamay turadılathey keep on not improving |
| Progressive — double negation | mentaqıllamay turmaymaI am not keeping on not improving | sentaqıllamay turmaysayou are not keeping on not improving | oltaqıllamay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not improving | biztaqıllamay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not improving | siztaqıllamay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not improving | alataqıllamay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not improving |
| Progressive — double negation | mentaqıllamay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not improving? | sentaqıllamay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not improving? | oltaqıllamay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not improving? | biztaqıllamay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not improving? | siztaqıllamay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not improving? | alataqıllamay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not improving? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mentaqıllağan bolmazmaI can't have improved | sentaqıllağan bolmazsayou can't have improved | oltaqıllağan bolmazhe can't have improved | biztaqıllağan bolmazbızwe can't have improved | siztaqıllağan bolmazsızyou all can't have improved | alataqıllağan bolmazlathey can't have improved |
| Inference — double negation | mentaqıllamağan bolmazmaI must have improved (emphatic) | sentaqıllamağan bolmazsayou must have improved (emphatic) | oltaqıllamağan bolmazhe must have improved (emphatic) | biztaqıllamağan bolmazbızwe must have improved (emphatic) | siztaqıllamağan bolmazsızyou all must have improved (emphatic) | alataqıllamağan bolmazlathey must have improved (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mentaqıllağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had improved | sentaqıllağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had improved | oltaqıllağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had improved | biztaqıllağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had improved | siztaqıllağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had improved | alataqıllağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had improved |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mentaqıllamağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't improved | sentaqıllamağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't improved | oltaqıllamağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't improved | biztaqıllamağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't improved | siztaqıllamağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't improved | alataqıllamağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't improved |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mentaqıllarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to improve | sentaqıllarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to improve | oltaqıllarıq bolmazhe can't be going to improve | biztaqıllarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to improve | siztaqıllarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to improve | alataqıllarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to improve |
| Inference, future — double negation | mentaqıllamazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to improve (emphatic) | sentaqıllamazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to improve (emphatic) | oltaqıllamazlıq bolmazhe must be going to improve (emphatic) | biztaqıllamazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to improve (emphatic) | siztaqıllamazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to improve (emphatic) | alataqıllamazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to improve (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mentaqıllarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to improve | sentaqıllarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to improve | oltaqıllarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to improve | biztaqıllarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to improve | siztaqıllarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to improve | alataqıllarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to improve |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mentaqıllamazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to improve | sentaqıllamazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to improve | oltaqıllamazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to improve | biztaqıllamazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to improve | siztaqıllamazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to improve | alataqıllamazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to improve |