tapha
/tapxa/ · plural taphala
1. shelf — Traditionally a shelf on the back wall of a room, where the best dishes were displayed (baş tapha, which also simply means "top shelf").
- baş tapha — the top shelf
- kitab tapha — a bookshelf
- şay tapha — a shelf for tea dishes
- sawutlanı taphağa sal — put the dishes on the shelf
- tapha jabıw — a curtain for a shelf
2. counter, stand
- bışlaq tapha — a cheese stand
- keŋ tapha — a wide counter
- taphanı üsüne salırğa — to put it on the counter
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | taphathe shelf | taphammy shelf | taphaŋyour shelf | taphasıhis shelf | taphabızour shelf | taphağızyou all's shelf | taphalarıtheir shelves |
| Genitive | taphanıthe shelf's | taphamımy shelf's | taphaŋıyour shelf's | taphasınıhis shelf's | taphabıznıour shelf's | taphağıznıyou all's shelf's | taphalarınıtheir shelves' |
| Accusative | taphanıthe shelf (as the object) | taphamımy shelf (as the object) | taphaŋıyour shelf (as the object) | taphasınhis shelf (as the object) | taphabıznıour shelf (as the object) | taphağıznıyou all's shelf (as the object) | taphalarıntheir shelves (as the object) |
| Dative | taphağato the shelf | taphamato my shelf | taphaŋato your shelf | taphasınato his shelf | taphabızğato our shelf | taphağızğato you all's shelf | taphalarınato their shelves |
| Locative | taphadain / at the shelf | taphamdain / at my shelf | taphaŋdain / at your shelf | taphasındain / at his shelf | taphabızdain / at our shelf | taphağızdain / at you all's shelf | taphalarındain / at their shelves |
| Ablative | taphadanfrom the shelf | taphamdanfrom my shelf | taphaŋdanfrom your shelf | taphasındanfrom his shelf | taphabızdanfrom our shelf | taphağızdanfrom you all's shelf | taphalarındanfrom their shelves |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | taphalathe shelves | taphalarımmy shelves | taphalarıŋyour shelves | taphalarıhis shelves | taphalarıbızour shelves | taphalarığızyou all's shelves | taphalarıtheir shelves |
| Genitive | taphalanıthe shelves' | taphalarımımy shelves' | taphalarıŋıyour shelves' | taphalarınıhis shelves' | taphalarıbıznıour shelves' | taphalarığıznıyou all's shelves' | taphalarınıtheir shelves' |
| Accusative | taphalanıthe shelves (as the object) | taphalarımımy shelves (as the object) | taphalarıŋıyour shelves (as the object) | taphalarınhis shelves (as the object) | taphalarıbıznıour shelves (as the object) | taphalarığıznıyou all's shelves (as the object) | taphalarıntheir shelves (as the object) |
| Dative | taphalağato the shelves | taphalarımato my shelves | taphalarıŋato your shelves | taphalarınato his shelves | taphalarıbızğato our shelves | taphalarığızğato you all's shelves | taphalarınato their shelves |
| Locative | taphaladain / at the shelves | taphalarımdain / at my shelves | taphalarıŋdain / at your shelves | taphalarındain / at his shelves | taphalarıbızdain / at our shelves | taphalarığızdain / at you all's shelves | taphalarındain / at their shelves |
| Ablative | taphaladanfrom the shelves | taphalarımdanfrom my shelves | taphalarıŋdanfrom your shelves | taphalarındanfrom his shelves | taphalarıbızdanfrom our shelves | taphalarığızdanfrom you all's shelves | taphalarındanfrom their shelves |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: taphaları can mean "his / her shelves", "their shelf", or "their shelves" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.