tönşürge
/tønʃyrɡe/
toss and turn, thrash about, move restlessly, fidget — Used of someone who cannot lie or sit still, as in bed or on a seat. Tenishev and Suyunchev 1989 marks it Karachay.
- sabiy töşekde tönşüydü — the child is tossing and turning in bed
- keçe boyu tönşüdüm — I tossed and turned all night
- tınç oltur, tönşüme — sit quietly, don't fidget
Conjugation
Common forms
- tönşüydühe is tossing and turning
- tönşüdühe tossed and turned
- tönşügendihe has tossed and turned
- tönşürhe will toss and turn
- tönşürükdühe is going to toss and turn
- tönşüy edihe was tossing and turning
- tönşüseif he tosses and turns
- tönşü!toss and turn!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentönşüymeI am tossing and turning | sentönşüyseyou are tossing and turning | oltönşüydühe is tossing and turning | biztönşüybüzwe are tossing and turning | siztönşüysüzyou all are tossing and turning | alatönşüydülethey are tossing and turning |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentönşümeymeI am not tossing and turning | sentönşümeyseyou are not tossing and turning | oltönşümeydihe is not tossing and turning | biztönşümeybizwe are not tossing and turning | siztönşümeysizyou all are not tossing and turning | alatönşümeydilethey are not tossing and turning |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentönşüymemi? tönşüymüme?am I tossing and turning? | sentönşüymüse?are you tossing and turning? | oltönşüymüdü?is he tossing and turning? | biztönşüybüzmü? tönşüymübüz?are we tossing and turning? | siztönşüymüsüz?are you all tossing and turning? | alatönşüymüdüle?are they tossing and turning? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentönşümeymemi? tönşümeymime?aren't I tossing and turning? | sentönşümeymise?aren't you tossing and turning? | oltönşümeymidi?isn't he tossing and turning? | biztönşümeybizmi? tönşümeymibiz?aren't we tossing and turning? | siztönşümeymisiz?aren't you all tossing and turning? | alatönşümeymidile?aren't they tossing and turning? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentönşüwçenmeI usually toss and turn | sentönşüwçenseyou usually toss and turn | oltönşüwçendihe usually tosses and turns | biztönşüwçenbizwe usually toss and turn | siztönşüwçensizyou all usually toss and turn | alatönşüwçendilethey usually toss and turn |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentönşümewçenmeI usually don't toss and turn | sentönşümewçenseyou usually don't toss and turn | oltönşümewçendihe usually doesn't toss and turn | biztönşümewçenbizwe usually don't toss and turn | siztönşümewçensizyou all usually don't toss and turn | alatönşümewçendilethey usually don't toss and turn |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentönşüwçenmemi? tönşüwçenmime?do I usually toss and turn? | sentönşüwçenmise?do you usually toss and turn? | oltönşüwçenmidi?does he usually toss and turn? | biztönşüwçenbizmi? tönşüwçenmibiz?do we usually toss and turn? | siztönşüwçenmisiz?do you all usually toss and turn? | alatönşüwçenmidile?do they usually toss and turn? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentönşümewçenmemi? tönşümewçenmime?do I usually not toss and turn? | sentönşümewçenmise?do you usually not toss and turn? | oltönşümewçenmidi?does he usually not toss and turn? | biztönşümewçenbizmi? tönşümewçenmibiz?do we usually not toss and turn? | siztönşümewçenmisiz?do you all usually not toss and turn? | alatönşümewçenmidile?do they usually not toss and turn? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltönşübdühe has tossed and turned and remains so | alatönşübdülethey have tossed and turned and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltönşübmüdü?has he tossed and turned? | alatönşübmüdüle?have they tossed and turned? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentönşüb turamaI keep tossing and turning | sentönşüb turasayou keep tossing and turning | oltönşüb turadıhe keeps tossing and turning | biztönşüb turabızwe keep tossing and turning | siztönşüb turasızyou all keep tossing and turning | alatönşüb turadılathey keep tossing and turning |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentönşüb turmaymaI don't keep tossing and turning | sentönşüb turmaysayou don't keep tossing and turning | oltönşüb turmaydıhe doesn't keep tossing and turning | biztönşüb turmaybızwe don't keep tossing and turning | siztönşüb turmaysızyou all don't keep tossing and turning | alatönşüb turmaydılathey don't keep tossing and turning |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentönşüb turamamı? tönşüb turamıma?do I keep tossing and turning? | sentönşüb turamısa?do you keep tossing and turning? | oltönşüb turamıdı?does he keep tossing and turning? | biztönşüb turabızmı? tönşüb turamıbız?do we keep tossing and turning? | siztönşüb turamısız?do you all keep tossing and turning? | alatönşüb turamıdıla?do they keep tossing and turning? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentönşüb turmaymamı? tönşüb turmaymıma?don't I keep tossing and turning? | sentönşüb turmaymısa?don't you keep tossing and turning? | oltönşüb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep tossing and turning? | biztönşüb turmaybızmı? tönşüb turmaymıbız?don't we keep tossing and turning? | siztönşüb turmaymısız?don't you all keep tossing and turning? | alatönşüb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep tossing and turning? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentönşüy turamaI am in the middle of tossing and turning | sentönşüy turasayou are in the middle of tossing and turning | oltönşüy turadıhe is in the middle of tossing and turning | biztönşüy turabızwe are in the middle of tossing and turning | siztönşüy turasızyou all are in the middle of tossing and turning | alatönşüy turadılathey are in the middle of tossing and turning |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentönşüy turmaymaI am not in the middle of tossing and turning | sentönşüy turmaysayou are not in the middle of tossing and turning | oltönşüy turmaydıhe is not in the middle of tossing and turning | biztönşüy turmaybızwe are not in the middle of tossing and turning | siztönşüy turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of tossing and turning | alatönşüy turmaydılathey are not in the middle of tossing and turning |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentönşüy turamamı? tönşüy turamıma?am I in the middle of tossing and turning? | sentönşüy turamısa?are you in the middle of tossing and turning? | oltönşüy turamıdı?is he in the middle of tossing and turning? | biztönşüy turabızmı? tönşüy turamıbız?are we in the middle of tossing and turning? | siztönşüy turamısız?are you all in the middle of tossing and turning? | alatönşüy turamıdıla?are they in the middle of tossing and turning? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentönşüy turmaymamı? tönşüy turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of tossing and turning? | sentönşüy turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of tossing and turning? | oltönşüy turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of tossing and turning? | biztönşüy turmaybızmı? tönşüy turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of tossing and turning? | siztönşüy turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of tossing and turning? | alatönşüy turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of tossing and turning? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentönşüdümI tossed and turned | sentönşüdüŋyou tossed and turned | oltönşüdühe tossed and turned | biztönşüdükwe tossed and turned | siztönşüdügüzyou all tossed and turned | alatönşüdülethey tossed and turned |
| Simple past (definite) | mentönşümedimI didn't toss and turn | sentönşümediŋyou didn't toss and turn | oltönşümedihe didn't toss and turn | biztönşümedikwe didn't toss and turn | siztönşümedigizyou all didn't toss and turn | alatönşümedilethey didn't toss and turn |
| Simple past (definite) | mentönşüdümmü?did I toss and turn? | sentönşüdüŋmü?did you toss and turn? | oltönşüdümü?did he toss and turn? | biztönşüdükmü?did we toss and turn? | siztönşüdügüzmü?did you all toss and turn? | alatönşüdülemi?did they toss and turn? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentönşümedimmi?didn't I toss and turn? | sentönşümediŋmi?didn't you toss and turn? | oltönşümedimi?didn't he toss and turn? | biztönşümedikmi?didn't we toss and turn? | siztönşümedigizmi?didn't you all toss and turn? | alatönşümedilemi?didn't they toss and turn? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentönşügenmeI have tossed and turned | sentönşügenseyou have tossed and turned | oltönşügendihe has tossed and turned | biztönşügenbizwe have tossed and turned | siztönşügensizyou all have tossed and turned | alatönşügendilethey have tossed and turned |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentönşümegenmeI haven't tossed and turned | sentönşümegenseyou haven't tossed and turned | oltönşümegendihe hasn't tossed and turned | biztönşümegenbizwe haven't tossed and turned | siztönşümegensizyou all haven't tossed and turned | alatönşümegendilethey haven't tossed and turned |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentönşügenmemi? tönşügenmime?have I tossed and turned? | sentönşügenmise?have you tossed and turned? | oltönşügenmidi?has he tossed and turned? | biztönşügenbizmi? tönşügenmibiz?have we tossed and turned? | siztönşügenmisiz?have you all tossed and turned? | alatönşügenmidile?have they tossed and turned? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentönşümegenmemi? tönşümegenmime?haven't I tossed and turned? | sentönşümegenmise?haven't you tossed and turned? | oltönşümegenmidi?hasn't he tossed and turned? | biztönşümegenbizmi? tönşümegenmibiz?haven't we tossed and turned? | siztönşümegenmisiz?haven't you all tossed and turned? | alatönşümegenmidile?haven't they tossed and turned? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentönşüb turdumI kept tossing and turning | sentönşüb turduŋyou kept tossing and turning | oltönşüb turduhe kept tossing and turning | biztönşüb turduqwe kept tossing and turning | siztönşüb turduğuzyou all kept tossing and turning | alatönşüb turdulathey kept tossing and turning |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentönşüb turmadımI didn't keep tossing and turning | sentönşüb turmadıŋyou didn't keep tossing and turning | oltönşüb turmadıhe didn't keep tossing and turning | biztönşüb turmadıqwe didn't keep tossing and turning | siztönşüb turmadığızyou all didn't keep tossing and turning | alatönşüb turmadılathey didn't keep tossing and turning |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentönşürmeI will toss and turn | sentönşürseyou will toss and turn | oltönşürhe will toss and turn | biztönşürbüzwe will toss and turn | siztönşürsüzyou all will toss and turn | alatönşürlethey will toss and turn |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentönşümezmeI won't toss and turn | sentönşümezseyou won't toss and turn | oltönşümezhe won't toss and turn | biztönşümezbizwe won't toss and turn | siztönşümezsizyou all won't toss and turn | alatönşümezlethey won't toss and turn |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentönşürmemi? tönşürmüme?will I toss and turn? | sentönşürmüse?will you toss and turn? | oltönşürmü?will he toss and turn? | biztönşürbüzmü? tönşürmübüz?will we toss and turn? | siztönşürmüsüz?will you all toss and turn? | alatönşürlemi? tönşürmüle?will they toss and turn? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentönşümezmemi? tönşümezmime?won't I toss and turn? | sentönşümezmise?won't you toss and turn? | oltönşümezmi?won't he toss and turn? | biztönşümezbizmi? tönşümezmibiz?won't we toss and turn? | siztönşümezmisiz?won't you all toss and turn? | alatönşümezlemi? tönşümezmile?won't they toss and turn? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentönşürükmeI am going to toss and turn | sentönşürükseyou are going to toss and turn | oltönşürükdühe is going to toss and turn | biztönşürükbüzwe are going to toss and turn | siztönşürüksüzyou all are going to toss and turn | alatönşürükdülethey are going to toss and turn |
| Definite future (future II) | mentönşürük tülmeI am not going to toss and turn | sentönşürük tülseyou are not going to toss and turn | oltönşürük tüldühe is not going to toss and turn | biztönşürük tülbüzwe are not going to toss and turn | siztönşürük tülsüzyou all are not going to toss and turn | alatönşürük tüldülethey are not going to toss and turn |
| Definite future (future II) | mentönşürükmemi? tönşürükmüme?am I going to toss and turn? | sentönşürükmüse?are you going to toss and turn? | oltönşürükmüdü?is he going to toss and turn? | biztönşürükbüzmü? tönşürükmübüz?are we going to toss and turn? | siztönşürükmüsüz?are you all going to toss and turn? | alatönşürükmüdüle?are they going to toss and turn? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentönşürük tülmüme?aren't I going to toss and turn? | sentönşürük tülmüse?aren't you going to toss and turn? | oltönşürük tülmüdü?isn't he going to toss and turn? | biztönşürük tülmübüz?aren't we going to toss and turn? | siztönşürük tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to toss and turn? | alatönşürük tülmüdüle?aren't they going to toss and turn? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentönşügen edimtönşügenemI had tossed and turned | sentönşügen ediŋtönşügeneŋyou had tossed and turned | oltönşügen editönşügenedhe had tossed and turned | biztönşügen ediktönşügenekwe had tossed and turned | siztönşügen edigiztönşügenegizyou all had tossed and turned | alatönşügen ediletönşügenellethey had tossed and turned |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentönşümegen edimtönşümegenemI hadn't tossed and turned | sentönşümegen ediŋtönşümegeneŋyou hadn't tossed and turned | oltönşümegen editönşümegenedhe hadn't tossed and turned | biztönşümegen ediktönşümegenekwe hadn't tossed and turned | siztönşümegen edigiztönşümegenegizyou all hadn't tossed and turned | alatönşümegen ediletönşümegenellethey hadn't tossed and turned |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentönşüy edimtönşüyemI was tossing and turning | sentönşüy ediŋtönşüyeŋyou were tossing and turning | oltönşüy editönşüyedhe was tossing and turning | biztönşüy ediktönşüyekwe were tossing and turning | siztönşüy edigiztönşüyegizyou all were tossing and turning | alatönşüy ediletönşüyellethey were tossing and turning |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentönşümey edimtönşümeyemI wasn't tossing and turning | sentönşümey ediŋtönşümeyeŋyou weren't tossing and turning | oltönşümey editönşümeyedhe wasn't tossing and turning | biztönşümey ediktönşümeyekwe weren't tossing and turning | siztönşümey edigiztönşümeyegizyou all weren't tossing and turning | alatönşümey ediletönşümeyellethey weren't tossing and turning |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mentönşüwçen edimtönşüwçenemI used to toss and turn | sentönşüwçen ediŋtönşüwçeneŋyou used to toss and turn | oltönşüwçen editönşüwçenedhe used to toss and turn | biztönşüwçen ediktönşüwçenekwe used to toss and turn | siztönşüwçen edigiztönşüwçenegizyou all used to toss and turn | alatönşüwçen ediletönşüwçenellethey used to toss and turn |
| Habitual past (used to) | mentönşümewçen edimtönşümewçenemI didn't use to toss and turn | sentönşümewçen ediŋtönşümewçeneŋyou didn't use to toss and turn | oltönşümewçen editönşümewçenedhe didn't use to toss and turn | biztönşümewçen ediktönşümewçenekwe didn't use to toss and turn | siztönşümewçen edigiztönşümewçenegizyou all didn't use to toss and turn | alatönşümewçen ediletönşümewçenellethey didn't use to toss and turn |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltönşüb edihe had tossed and turned and remained so | alatönşüb edilethey had tossed and turned and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltönşüb tül edihe hadn't tossed and turned | alatönşüb tül edilethey hadn't tossed and turned | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentönşüb tura edimtönşüb turaemI had kept tossing and turning | sentönşüb tura ediŋtönşüb turaeŋyou had kept tossing and turning | oltönşüb tura editönşüb turaedhe had kept tossing and turning | biztönşüb tura ediktönşüb turaekwe had kept tossing and turning | siztönşüb tura edigiztönşüb turaegizyou all had kept tossing and turning | alatönşüb tura ediletönşüb turaellethey had kept tossing and turning |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentönşüb turmay edimtönşüb turmayemI hadn't kept tossing and turning | sentönşüb turmay ediŋtönşüb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept tossing and turning | oltönşüb turmay editönşüb turmayedhe hadn't kept tossing and turning | biztönşüb turmay ediktönşüb turmayekwe hadn't kept tossing and turning | siztönşüb turmay edigiztönşüb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept tossing and turning | alatönşüb turmay ediletönşüb turmayellethey hadn't kept tossing and turning |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentönşüy tura edimtönşüy turaemI was in the middle of tossing and turning | sentönşüy tura ediŋtönşüy turaeŋyou were in the middle of tossing and turning | oltönşüy tura editönşüy turaedhe was in the middle of tossing and turning | biztönşüy tura ediktönşüy turaekwe were in the middle of tossing and turning | siztönşüy tura edigiztönşüy turaegizyou all were in the middle of tossing and turning | alatönşüy tura ediletönşüy turaellethey were in the middle of tossing and turning |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentönşüy turmay edimtönşüy turmayemI wasn't in the middle of tossing and turning | sentönşüy turmay ediŋtönşüy turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of tossing and turning | oltönşüy turmay editönşüy turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of tossing and turning | biztönşüy turmay ediktönşüy turmayekwe weren't in the middle of tossing and turning | siztönşüy turmay edigiztönşüy turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of tossing and turning | alatönşüy turmay ediletönşüy turmayellethey weren't in the middle of tossing and turning |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mentönşür edimtönşür emI would toss and turn | sentönşür ediŋtönşür eŋyou would toss and turn | oltönşür editönşür edhe would toss and turn | biztönşür ediktönşür ekwe would toss and turn | siztönşür edigiztönşür egizyou all would toss and turn | alatönşür ediletönşür ellethey would toss and turn |
| Conditional result (would) | mentönşümez edimtönşümez emI wouldn't toss and turn | sentönşümez ediŋtönşümez eŋyou wouldn't toss and turn | oltönşümez editönşümez edhe wouldn't toss and turn | biztönşümez ediktönşümez ekwe wouldn't toss and turn | siztönşümez edigiztönşümez egizyou all wouldn't toss and turn | alatönşümez ediletönşümez ellethey wouldn't toss and turn |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentönşürük edimtönşürük emI would have tossed and turned | sentönşürük ediŋtönşürük eŋyou would have tossed and turned | oltönşürük editönşürük edhe would have tossed and turned | biztönşürük ediktönşürük ekwe would have tossed and turned | siztönşürük edigiztönşürük egizyou all would have tossed and turned | alatönşürük ediletönşürük ellethey would have tossed and turned |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentönşürük tül edimtönşürük tül emI wouldn't have tossed and turned | sentönşürük tül ediŋtönşürük tül eŋyou wouldn't have tossed and turned | oltönşürük tül editönşürük tül edhe wouldn't have tossed and turned | biztönşürük tül ediktönşürük tül ekwe wouldn't have tossed and turned | siztönşürük tül edigiztönşürük tül egizyou all wouldn't have tossed and turned | alatönşürük tül ediletönşürük tül ellethey wouldn't have tossed and turned |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mentönşüsemif I toss and turn | sentönşüseŋif you toss and turn | oltönşüseif he tosses and turns | biztönşüsekif we toss and turn | siztönşüsegizif you all toss and turn | alatönşüseleif they toss and turn |
| Conditional | mentönşümesemif I don't toss and turn | sentönşümeseŋif you don't toss and turn | oltönşümeseif he doesn't toss and turn | biztönşümesekif we don't toss and turn | siztönşümesegizif you all don't toss and turn | alatönşümeseleif they don't toss and turn |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mentönşüy esemif I am tossing and turning | sentönşüy eseŋif you are tossing and turning | oltönşüy eseif he is tossing and turning | biztönşüy esekif we are tossing and turning | siztönşüy esegizif you all are tossing and turning | alatönşüy eseleif they are tossing and turning |
| Conditional, present real | mentönşümey esemif I am not tossing and turning | sentönşümey eseŋif you are not tossing and turning | oltönşümey eseif he is not tossing and turning | biztönşümey esekif we are not tossing and turning | siztönşümey esegizif you all are not tossing and turning | alatönşümey eseleif they are not tossing and turning |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentönşüsem editönşüsem edif only I tossed and turned | sentönşüseŋ editönşüseŋ edif only you tossed and turned | oltönşüse editönşüsedif only he tossed and turned | biztönşüsek editönşüsek edif only we tossed and turned | siztönşüsegiz editönşüsegiz edif only you all tossed and turned | alatönşüsele editönşüseledif only they tossed and turned |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentönşümesem editönşümesem edif only I didn't toss and turn | sentönşümeseŋ editönşümeseŋ edif only you didn't toss and turn | oltönşümese editönşümesedif only he didn't toss and turn | biztönşümesek editönşümesek edif only we didn't toss and turn | siztönşümesegiz editönşümesegiz edif only you all didn't toss and turn | alatönşümesele editönşümeseledif only they didn't toss and turn |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mentönşüb tursamif I carry on tossing and turning | sentönşüb tursaŋif you carry on tossing and turning | oltönşüb tursaif he carries on tossing and turning | biztönşüb tursaqif we carry on tossing and turning | siztönşüb tursağızif you all carry on tossing and turning | alatönşüb tursalaif they carry on tossing and turning |
| Durative conditional | mentönşüb turmasamif I don't carry on tossing and turning | sentönşüb turmasaŋif you don't carry on tossing and turning | oltönşüb turmasaif he doesn't carry on tossing and turning | biztönşüb turmasaqif we don't carry on tossing and turning | siztönşüb turmasağızif you all don't carry on tossing and turning | alatönşüb turmasalaif they don't carry on tossing and turning |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mentönşüb tura esemif I have kept tossing and turning | sentönşüb tura eseŋif you have kept tossing and turning | oltönşüb tura eseif he has kept tossing and turning | biztönşüb tura esekif we have kept tossing and turning | siztönşüb tura esegizif you all have kept tossing and turning | alatönşüb tura eseleif they have kept tossing and turning |
| Durative conditional, present real | mentönşüb turmay esemif I haven't kept tossing and turning | sentönşüb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept tossing and turning | oltönşüb turmay eseif he hasn't kept tossing and turning | biztönşüb turmay esekif we haven't kept tossing and turning | siztönşüb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept tossing and turning | alatönşüb turmay eseleif they haven't kept tossing and turning |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mentönşüy tursamif I keep tossing and turning | sentönşüy tursaŋif you keep tossing and turning | oltönşüy tursaif he keeps tossing and turning | biztönşüy tursaqif we keep tossing and turning | siztönşüy tursağızif you all keep tossing and turning | alatönşüy tursalaif they keep tossing and turning |
| Progressive conditional | mentönşümey tursamif I keep on not tossing and turning | sentönşümey tursaŋif you keep on not tossing and turning | oltönşümey tursaif he keeps on not tossing and turning | biztönşümey tursaqif we keep on not tossing and turning | siztönşümey tursağızif you all keep on not tossing and turning | alatönşümey tursalaif they keep on not tossing and turning |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentönşüy tura esemif I am in the middle of tossing and turning | sentönşüy tura eseŋif you are in the middle of tossing and turning | oltönşüy tura eseif he is in the middle of tossing and turning | biztönşüy tura esekif we are in the middle of tossing and turning | siztönşüy tura esegizif you all are in the middle of tossing and turning | alatönşüy tura eseleif they are in the middle of tossing and turning |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentönşümey tura esemif I keep on not tossing and turning | sentönşümey tura eseŋif you keep on not tossing and turning | oltönşümey tura eseif he keeps on not tossing and turning | biztönşümey tura esekif we keep on not tossing and turning | siztönşümey tura esegizif you all keep on not tossing and turning | alatönşümey tura eseleif they keep on not tossing and turning |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mentönşüdüm esemif I tossed and turned | sentönşüdüŋ eseŋif you tossed and turned | oltönşüdü eseif he tossed and turned | biztönşüdük esekif we tossed and turned | siztönşüdügüz esegizif you all tossed and turned | alatönşüdüle eseleif they tossed and turned |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mentönşümedim esemif I didn't toss and turn | sentönşümediŋ eseŋif you didn't toss and turn | oltönşümedi eseif he didn't toss and turn | biztönşümedik esekif we didn't toss and turn | siztönşümedigiz esegizif you all didn't toss and turn | alatönşümedile eseleif they didn't toss and turn |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mentönşügen esemif I did toss and turn (indeed) | sentönşügen eseŋif you did toss and turn (indeed) | oltönşügen eseif he did toss and turn (indeed) | biztönşügen esekif we did toss and turn (indeed) | siztönşügen esegizif you all did toss and turn (indeed) | alatönşügen eseleif they did toss and turn (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mentönşümegen esemif I didn't toss and turn (indeed) | sentönşümegen eseŋif you didn't toss and turn (indeed) | oltönşümegen eseif he didn't toss and turn (indeed) | biztönşümegen esekif we didn't toss and turn (indeed) | siztönşümegen esegizif you all didn't toss and turn (indeed) | alatönşümegen eseleif they didn't toss and turn (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentönşügen bolsamif I had tossed and turned | sentönşügen bolsaŋif you had tossed and turned | oltönşügen bolsaif he had tossed and turned | biztönşügen bolsaqif we had tossed and turned | siztönşügen bolsağızif you all had tossed and turned | alatönşügen bolsalaif they had tossed and turned |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentönşümegen bolsamif I hadn't tossed and turned | sentönşümegen bolsaŋif you hadn't tossed and turned | oltönşümegen bolsaif he hadn't tossed and turned | biztönşümegen bolsaqif we hadn't tossed and turned | siztönşümegen bolsağızif you all hadn't tossed and turned | alatönşümegen bolsalaif they hadn't tossed and turned |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentönşügen bolsam editönşügen bolsam edif only I had tossed and turned | sentönşügen bolsaŋ editönşügen bolsaŋ edif only you had tossed and turned | oltönşügen bolsa editönşügen bolsaedif only he had tossed and turned | biztönşügen bolsaq editönşügen bolsaq edif only we had tossed and turned | siztönşügen bolsağız editönşügen bolsağız edif only you all had tossed and turned | alatönşügen bolsala editönşügen bolsalaedif only they had tossed and turned |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentönşümegen bolsam editönşümegen bolsam edif only I hadn't tossed and turned | sentönşümegen bolsaŋ editönşümegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't tossed and turned | oltönşümegen bolsa editönşümegen bolsaedif only he hadn't tossed and turned | biztönşümegen bolsaq editönşümegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't tossed and turned | siztönşümegen bolsağız editönşümegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't tossed and turned | alatönşümegen bolsala editönşümegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't tossed and turned |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mentönşür esemif I will toss and turn | sentönşür eseŋif you will toss and turn | oltönşür eseif he will toss and turn | biztönşür esekif we will toss and turn | siztönşür esegizif you all will toss and turn | alatönşür eseleif they will toss and turn |
| Conditional, aorist | mentönşümez esemif I won't toss and turn | sentönşümez eseŋif you won't toss and turn | oltönşümez eseif he won't toss and turn | biztönşümez esekif we won't toss and turn | siztönşümez esegizif you all won't toss and turn | alatönşümez eseleif they won't toss and turn |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mentönşürük esemif I am going to toss and turn | sentönşürük eseŋif you are going to toss and turn | oltönşürük eseif he is going to toss and turn | biztönşürük esekif we are going to toss and turn | siztönşürük esegizif you all are going to toss and turn | alatönşürük eseleif they are going to toss and turn |
| Conditional, future | mentönşürük tül esemif I am not going to toss and turn | sentönşürük tül eseŋif you are not going to toss and turn | oltönşürük tül eseif he is not going to toss and turn | biztönşürük tül esekif we are not going to toss and turn | siztönşürük tül esegizif you all are not going to toss and turn | alatönşürük tül eseleif they are not going to toss and turn |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentönşürük bolsamif I were going to toss and turn | sentönşürük bolsaŋif you were going to toss and turn | oltönşürük bolsaif he were going to toss and turn | biztönşürük bolsaqif we were going to toss and turn | siztönşürük bolsağızif you all were going to toss and turn | alatönşürük bolsalaif they were going to toss and turn |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentönşümezlik bolsamif I were not going to toss and turn | sentönşümezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to toss and turn | oltönşümezlik bolsaif he were not going to toss and turn | biztönşümezlik bolsaqif we were not going to toss and turn | siztönşümezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to toss and turn | alatönşümezlik bolsalaif they were not going to toss and turn |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso tönşüdüŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentönşüy bolurmaI must be tossing and turning | sentönşüy bolursayou must be tossing and turning | oltönşüy bolurhe must be tossing and turning | biztönşüy bolurbuzwe must be tossing and turning | siztönşüy bolursuzyou all must be tossing and turning | alatönşüy bolurlathey must be tossing and turning |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentönşümey bolurmaI must not be tossing and turning | sentönşümey bolursayou must not be tossing and turning | oltönşümey bolurhe must not be tossing and turning | biztönşümey bolurbuzwe must not be tossing and turning | siztönşümey bolursuzyou all must not be tossing and turning | alatönşümey bolurlathey must not be tossing and turning |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentönşüy tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of tossing and turning | sentönşüy tura bolursayou must be in the middle of tossing and turning | oltönşüy tura bolurhe must be in the middle of tossing and turning | biztönşüy tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of tossing and turning | siztönşüy tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of tossing and turning | alatönşüy tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of tossing and turning |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentönşümey tura bolurmaI must keep on not tossing and turning | sentönşümey tura bolursayou must keep on not tossing and turning | oltönşümey tura bolurhe must keep on not tossing and turning | biztönşümey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not tossing and turning | siztönşümey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not tossing and turning | alatönşümey tura bolurlathey must keep on not tossing and turning |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mentönşügen bolurmaI must have tossed and turned | sentönşügen bolursayou must have tossed and turned | oltönşügen bolurhe must have tossed and turned | biztönşügen bolurbuzwe must have tossed and turned | siztönşügen bolursuzyou all must have tossed and turned | alatönşügen bolurlathey must have tossed and turned |
| Inference (must have) | mentönşümegen bolurmaI must not have tossed and turned | sentönşümegen bolursayou must not have tossed and turned | oltönşümegen bolurhe must not have tossed and turned | biztönşümegen bolurbuzwe must not have tossed and turned | siztönşümegen bolursuzyou all must not have tossed and turned | alatönşümegen bolurlathey must not have tossed and turned |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentönşürük bolurmaI must be going to toss and turn | sentönşürük bolursayou must be going to toss and turn | oltönşürük bolurhe must be going to toss and turn | biztönşürük bolurbuzwe must be going to toss and turn | siztönşürük bolursuzyou all must be going to toss and turn | alatönşürük bolurlathey must be going to toss and turn |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentönşümezlik bolurmaI must not be going to toss and turn | sentönşümezlik bolursayou must not be going to toss and turn | oltönşümezlik bolurhe must not be going to toss and turn | biztönşümezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to toss and turn | siztönşümezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to toss and turn | alatönşümezlik bolurlathey must not be going to toss and turn |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mentönşüyümlet me toss and turn | sentönşü!toss and turn! | oltönşüsünlet him toss and turn | biztönşüyüklet's toss and turn | siztönşügüz!toss and turn, you all! | alatönşüsünlelet them toss and turn |
| Commands & suggestions | mentönşümeyimlet me not toss and turn | sentönşüme!don't toss and turn! | oltönşümesinlet him not toss and turn | biztönşümeyiklet's not toss and turn | siztönşümegiz!don't toss and turn, you all! | alatönşümesinlelet them not toss and turn |
| Commands & suggestions | mentönşüyümmü?shall I toss and turn? | oltönşüsünmü?should he toss and turn? | biztönşüyükmü?shall we toss and turn? | alatönşüsünlemi?should they toss and turn? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mentönşümeyimmi?shall I not toss and turn? | oltönşümesinmi?should he not toss and turn? | biztönşümeyikmi?shall we not toss and turn? | alatönşümesinlemi?should they not toss and turn? | ||
| Requests | sentönşüçü2tönşüçünplease toss and turn | oltönşüsünçüdo let him toss and turn | siztönşüçügüzplease toss and turn (plural/polite) | alatönşüsünleçido let them toss and turn | ||
| Requests | sentönşümeçi2tönşümeçinplease don't toss and turn | oltönşümesinçido let him not toss and turn | siztönşümeçigizplease don't toss and turn (plural/polite) | alatönşümesinleçido let them not toss and turn | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentönşügüntönşügümay you toss and turn | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentönşümegintönşümegimay you not toss and turn | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentönşügey edim tönşüge edimwould that I tossed and turned | sentönşügey ediŋ tönşüge ediŋwould that you tossed and turned | oltönşügey edi tönşüge ediwould that he tossed and turned | biztönşügey edik tönşüge edikwould that we tossed and turned | siztönşügey edigiz tönşüge edigizwould that you all tossed and turned | alatönşügey edile tönşüge edilewould that they tossed and turned |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentönşümegey edim tönşümege edimwould that I did not toss and turn | sentönşümegey ediŋ tönşümege ediŋwould that you did not toss and turn | oltönşümegey edi tönşümege ediwould that he did not toss and turn | biztönşümegey edik tönşümege edikwould that we did not toss and turn | siztönşümegey edigiz tönşümege edigizwould that you all did not toss and turn | alatönşümegey edile tönşümege edilewould that they did not toss and turn |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentönşümege qoyayımtönşüme qoyayımlet me allow someone to toss and turn | sentönşümege qoy!tönşüme qoy!let someone toss and turn! | oltönşümege qoysuntönşüme qoysunlet him allow someone to toss and turn | biztönşümege qoyayıqtönşüme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to toss and turn | siztönşümege qoyuğuz!tönşüme qoyuğuz!let someone toss and turn, you all! | alatönşümege qoysunlatönşüme qoysunlalet them allow someone to toss and turn |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentönşümege qoymayımtönşüme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to toss and turn | sentönşümege qoyma!tönşüme qoyma!don't let someone toss and turn! | oltönşümege qoymasıntönşüme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to toss and turn | biztönşümege qoymayıqtönşüme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to toss and turn | siztönşümege qoymağız!tönşüme qoymağız!don't let someone toss and turn, you all! | alatönşümege qoymasınlatönşüme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to toss and turn |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentönşümege qoyayımmı?tönşüme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to toss and turn? | oltönşümege qoysunmu?tönşüme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to toss and turn? | biztönşümege qoyayıqmı?tönşüme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to toss and turn? | alatönşümege qoysunlamı?tönşüme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to toss and turn? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentönşümege qoymayımmı?tönşüme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to toss and turn? | oltönşümege qoymasınmı?tönşüme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to toss and turn? | biztönşümege qoymayıqmı?tönşüme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to toss and turn? | alatönşümege qoymasınlamı?tönşüme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to toss and turn? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mentönşümege qoyamatönşüme qoyamaI allow someone to toss and turn | sentönşümege qoyasatönşüme qoyasayou allow someone to toss and turn | oltönşümege qoyadıtönşüme qoyadıhe allows someone to toss and turn | biztönşümege qoyabıztönşüme qoyabızwe allow someone to toss and turn | siztönşümege qoyasıztönşüme qoyasızyou all allow someone to toss and turn | alatönşümege qoyadılatönşüme qoyadılathey allow someone to toss and turn |
| Let someone… (present) | mentönşümege qoymaymatönşüme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to toss and turn | sentönşümege qoymaysatönşüme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to toss and turn | oltönşümege qoymaydıtönşüme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to toss and turn | biztönşümege qoymaybıztönşüme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to toss and turn | siztönşümege qoymaysıztönşüme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to toss and turn | alatönşümege qoymaydılatönşüme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to toss and turn |
| Let someone… (present) | mentönşümege qoyamamı?tönşüme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to toss and turn? | sentönşümege qoyamısa?tönşüme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to toss and turn? | oltönşümege qoyamıdı?tönşüme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to toss and turn? | biztönşümege qoyabızmı?tönşüme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to toss and turn? | siztönşümege qoyamısız?tönşüme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to toss and turn? | alatönşümege qoyamıdıla?tönşüme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to toss and turn? |
| Let someone… (present) | mentönşümege qoymaymamı?tönşüme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to toss and turn? | sentönşümege qoymaymısa?tönşüme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to toss and turn? | oltönşümege qoymaymıdı?tönşüme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to toss and turn? | biztönşümege qoymaybızmı?tönşüme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to toss and turn? | siztönşümege qoymaymısız?tönşüme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to toss and turn? | alatönşümege qoymaymıdıla?tönşüme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to toss and turn? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentönşümege qoydumtönşüme qoydumI allowed someone to toss and turn | sentönşümege qoyduŋtönşüme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to toss and turn | oltönşümege qoydutönşüme qoyduhe allowed someone to toss and turn | biztönşümege qoyduqtönşüme qoyduqwe allowed someone to toss and turn | siztönşümege qoyduğuztönşüme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to toss and turn | alatönşümege qoydulatönşüme qoydulathey allowed someone to toss and turn |
| Let someone… (past) | mentönşümege qoymadımtönşüme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to toss and turn | sentönşümege qoymadıŋtönşüme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to toss and turn | oltönşümege qoymadıtönşüme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to toss and turn | biztönşümege qoymadıqtönşüme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to toss and turn | siztönşümege qoymadığıztönşüme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to toss and turn | alatönşümege qoymadılatönşüme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to toss and turn |
| Let someone… (past) | mentönşümege qoydummu?tönşüme qoydummu?did I allow someone to toss and turn? | sentönşümege qoyduŋmu?tönşüme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to toss and turn? | oltönşümege qoydumu?tönşüme qoydumu?did he allow someone to toss and turn? | biztönşümege qoyduqmu?tönşüme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to toss and turn? | siztönşümege qoyduğuzmu?tönşüme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to toss and turn? | alatönşümege qoydulamı?tönşüme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to toss and turn? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentönşümege qoymadımmı?tönşüme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to toss and turn? | sentönşümege qoymadıŋmı?tönşüme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to toss and turn? | oltönşümege qoymadımı?tönşüme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to toss and turn? | biztönşümege qoymadıqmı?tönşüme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to toss and turn? | siztönşümege qoymadığızmı?tönşüme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to toss and turn? | alatönşümege qoymadılamı?tönşüme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to toss and turn? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mentönşüyalamaI can toss and turn | sentönşüyalasayou can toss and turn | oltönşüyaladıhe can toss and turn | biztönşüyalabızwe can toss and turn | siztönşüyalasızyou all can toss and turn | alatönşüyaladılathey can toss and turn |
| Ability — present | mentönşüyalmaymaI can't toss and turn | sentönşüyalmaysayou can't toss and turn | oltönşüyalmaydıhe can't toss and turn | biztönşüyalmaybızwe can't toss and turn | siztönşüyalmaysızyou all can't toss and turn | alatönşüyalmaydılathey can't toss and turn |
| Ability — present | mentönşüyalamamı? tönşüyalamıma?can I toss and turn? | sentönşüyalamısa?can you toss and turn? | oltönşüyalamıdı?can he toss and turn? | biztönşüyalabızmı? tönşüyalamıbız?can we toss and turn? | siztönşüyalamısız?can you all toss and turn? | alatönşüyalamıdıla?can they toss and turn? |
| Ability — present | mentönşüyalmaymamı? tönşüyalmaymıma?can't I toss and turn? | sentönşüyalmaymısa?can't you toss and turn? | oltönşüyalmaymıdı?can't he toss and turn? | biztönşüyalmaybızmı? tönşüyalmaymıbız?can't we toss and turn? | siztönşüyalmaymısız?can't you all toss and turn? | alatönşüyalmaymıdıla?can't they toss and turn? |
| Ability — if I can… | mentönşüyalsamif I can toss and turn | sentönşüyalsaŋif you can toss and turn | oltönşüyalsaif he can toss and turn | biztönşüyalsaqif we can toss and turn | siztönşüyalsağızif you all can toss and turn | alatönşüyalsalaif they can toss and turn |
| Ability — if I can… | mentönşüyalmasamif I can't toss and turn | sentönşüyalmasaŋif you can't toss and turn | oltönşüyalmasaif he can't toss and turn | biztönşüyalmasaqif we can't toss and turn | siztönşüyalmasağızif you all can't toss and turn | alatönşüyalmasalaif they can't toss and turn |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mentönşüyaldımI was able to toss and turn | sentönşüyaldıŋyou were able to toss and turn | oltönşüyaldıhe was able to toss and turn | biztönşüyaldıqwe were able to toss and turn | siztönşüyaldığızyou all were able to toss and turn | alatönşüyaldılathey were able to toss and turn |
| Ability — simple past | mentönşüyalmadımI could not toss and turn | sentönşüyalmadıŋyou could not toss and turn | oltönşüyalmadıhe could not toss and turn | biztönşüyalmadıqwe could not toss and turn | siztönşüyalmadığızyou all could not toss and turn | alatönşüyalmadılathey could not toss and turn |
| Ability — simple past | mentönşüyaldımmı?was I able to toss and turn? | sentönşüyaldıŋmı?were you able to toss and turn? | oltönşüyaldımı?was he able to toss and turn? | biztönşüyaldıqmı?were we able to toss and turn? | siztönşüyaldığızmı?were you all able to toss and turn? | alatönşüyaldılamı?were they able to toss and turn? |
| Ability — simple past | mentönşüyalmadımmı?couldn't I toss and turn? | sentönşüyalmadıŋmı?couldn't you toss and turn? | oltönşüyalmadımı?couldn't he toss and turn? | biztönşüyalmadıqmı?couldn't we toss and turn? | siztönşüyalmadığızmı?couldn't you all toss and turn? | alatönşüyalmadılamı?couldn't they toss and turn? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentönşüyalğanmaI have been able to toss and turn | sentönşüyalğansayou have been able to toss and turn | oltönşüyalğandıhe has been able to toss and turn | biztönşüyalğanbızwe have been able to toss and turn | siztönşüyalğansızyou all have been able to toss and turn | alatönşüyalğandılathey have been able to toss and turn |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentönşüyalmağanmaI haven't been able to toss and turn | sentönşüyalmağansayou haven't been able to toss and turn | oltönşüyalmağandıhe hasn't been able to toss and turn | biztönşüyalmağanbızwe haven't been able to toss and turn | siztönşüyalmağansızyou all haven't been able to toss and turn | alatönşüyalmağandılathey haven't been able to toss and turn |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentönşüyalğanmamı? tönşüyalğanmıma?have I been able to toss and turn? | sentönşüyalğanmısa?have you been able to toss and turn? | oltönşüyalğanmıdı?has he been able to toss and turn? | biztönşüyalğanbızmı? tönşüyalğanmıbız?have we been able to toss and turn? | siztönşüyalğanmısız?have you all been able to toss and turn? | alatönşüyalğanmıdıla?have they been able to toss and turn? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentönşüyalmağanmamı? tönşüyalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to toss and turn? | sentönşüyalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to toss and turn? | oltönşüyalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to toss and turn? | biztönşüyalmağanbızmı? tönşüyalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to toss and turn? | siztönşüyalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to toss and turn? | alatönşüyalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to toss and turn? |
| Ability — past perfect | mentönşüyalğan edimtönşüyalğanemI had been able to toss and turn | sentönşüyalğan ediŋtönşüyalğaneŋyou had been able to toss and turn | oltönşüyalğan editönşüyalğanedhe had been able to toss and turn | biztönşüyalğan ediktönşüyalğanekwe had been able to toss and turn | siztönşüyalğan edigiztönşüyalğanegizyou all had been able to toss and turn | alatönşüyalğan ediletönşüyalğanellethey had been able to toss and turn |
| Ability — past perfect | mentönşüyalmağan edimtönşüyalmağanemI hadn't been able to toss and turn | sentönşüyalmağan ediŋtönşüyalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to toss and turn | oltönşüyalmağan editönşüyalmağanedhe hadn't been able to toss and turn | biztönşüyalmağan ediktönşüyalmağanekwe hadn't been able to toss and turn | siztönşüyalmağan edigiztönşüyalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to toss and turn | alatönşüyalmağan ediletönşüyalmağanellethey hadn't been able to toss and turn |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mentönşüyala edimtönşüyalaemI could toss and turn | sentönşüyala ediŋtönşüyalaeŋyou could toss and turn | oltönşüyala editönşüyalaedhe could toss and turn | biztönşüyala ediktönşüyalaekwe could toss and turn | siztönşüyala edigiztönşüyalaegizyou all could toss and turn | alatönşüyala ediletönşüyalaellethey could toss and turn |
| Ability — past background | mentönşüyalmay edimtönşüyalmayemI could not toss and turn | sentönşüyalmay ediŋtönşüyalmayeŋyou could not toss and turn | oltönşüyalmay editönşüyalmayedhe could not toss and turn | biztönşüyalmay ediktönşüyalmayekwe could not toss and turn | siztönşüyalmay edigiztönşüyalmayegizyou all could not toss and turn | alatönşüyalmay ediletönşüyalmayellethey could not toss and turn |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mentönşüyalırmaI will be able to toss and turn | sentönşüyalırsayou will be able to toss and turn | oltönşüyalırhe will be able to toss and turn | biztönşüyalırbızwe will be able to toss and turn | siztönşüyalırsızyou all will be able to toss and turn | alatönşüyalırlathey will be able to toss and turn |
| Ability — future I | mentönşüyalmazmaI won't be able to toss and turn | sentönşüyalmazsayou won't be able to toss and turn | oltönşüyalmazhe won't be able to toss and turn | biztönşüyalmazbızwe won't be able to toss and turn | siztönşüyalmazsızyou all won't be able to toss and turn | alatönşüyalmazlathey won't be able to toss and turn |
| Ability — future I | mentönşüyalırmamı? tönşüyalırmıma?will I be able to toss and turn? | sentönşüyalırmısa?will you be able to toss and turn? | oltönşüyalırmı?will he be able to toss and turn? | biztönşüyalırbızmı? tönşüyalırmıbız?will we be able to toss and turn? | siztönşüyalırmısız?will you all be able to toss and turn? | alatönşüyalırlamı? tönşüyalırmıla?will they be able to toss and turn? |
| Ability — future I | mentönşüyalmazmamı? tönşüyalmazmıma?won't I be able to toss and turn? | sentönşüyalmazmısa?won't you be able to toss and turn? | oltönşüyalmazmı?won't he be able to toss and turn? | biztönşüyalmazbızmı? tönşüyalmazmıbız?won't we be able to toss and turn? | siztönşüyalmazmısız?won't you all be able to toss and turn? | alatönşüyalmazlamı? tönşüyalmazmıla?won't they be able to toss and turn? |
| Ability — future II | mentönşüyallıqmaI am going to be able to toss and turn | sentönşüyallıqsayou are going to be able to toss and turn | oltönşüyallıqdıhe is going to be able to toss and turn | biztönşüyallıqbızwe are going to be able to toss and turn | siztönşüyallıqsızyou all are going to be able to toss and turn | alatönşüyallıqdılathey are going to be able to toss and turn |
| Ability — future II | mentönşüyallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to toss and turn | sentönşüyallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to toss and turn | oltönşüyallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to toss and turn | biztönşüyallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to toss and turn | siztönşüyallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to toss and turn | alatönşüyallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to toss and turn |
| Ability — future II | mentönşüyallıqmamı? tönşüyallıqmıma?am I going to be able to toss and turn? | sentönşüyallıqmısa?are you going to be able to toss and turn? | oltönşüyallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to toss and turn? | biztönşüyallıqbızmı? tönşüyallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to toss and turn? | siztönşüyallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to toss and turn? | alatönşüyallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to toss and turn? |
| Ability — future II | mentönşüyallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to toss and turn? | sentönşüyallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to toss and turn? | oltönşüyallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to toss and turn? | biztönşüyallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to toss and turn? | siztönşüyallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to toss and turn? | alatönşüyallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to toss and turn? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentönşüyalır edimtönşüyalır emI would be able to toss and turn | sentönşüyalır ediŋtönşüyalır eŋyou would be able to toss and turn | oltönşüyalır editönşüyalır edhe would be able to toss and turn | biztönşüyalır ediktönşüyalır ekwe would be able to toss and turn | siztönşüyalır edigiztönşüyalır egizyou all would be able to toss and turn | alatönşüyalır ediletönşüyalır ellethey would be able to toss and turn |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentönşüyalmaz edimtönşüyalmaz emI wouldn't be able to toss and turn | sentönşüyalmaz ediŋtönşüyalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to toss and turn | oltönşüyalmaz editönşüyalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to toss and turn | biztönşüyalmaz ediktönşüyalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to toss and turn | siztönşüyalmaz edigiztönşüyalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to toss and turn | alatönşüyalmaz ediletönşüyalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to toss and turn |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentönşüyalğıntönşüyalğımay you be able to toss and turn | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentönşüyalmağıntönşüyalmağımay you not be able to toss and turn | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mentönşürge izleymeI want to toss and turn | sentönşürge izleyseyou want to toss and turn | oltönşürge izleydihe wants to toss and turn | biztönşürge izleybizwe want to toss and turn | siztönşürge izleysizyou all want to toss and turn | alatönşürge izleydilethey want to toss and turn |
| want to | mentönşürge izlemeymeI do not want to toss and turn | sentönşürge izlemeyseyou do not want to toss and turn | oltönşürge izlemeydihe does not want to toss and turn | biztönşürge izlemeybizwe do not want to toss and turn | siztönşürge izlemeysizyou all do not want to toss and turn | alatönşürge izlemeydilethey do not want to toss and turn |
| would like to | mentönşürge süemeI would like to toss and turn | sentönşürge süeseyou would like to toss and turn | oltönşürge süedihe would like to toss and turn | biztönşürge süebizwe would like to toss and turn | siztönşürge süesizyou all would like to toss and turn | alatönşürge süedilethey would like to toss and turn |
| would like to | mentönşürge süymeymeI would not like to toss and turn | sentönşürge süymeyseyou would not like to toss and turn | oltönşürge süymeydihe would not like to toss and turn | biztönşürge süymeybizwe would not like to toss and turn | siztönşürge süymeysizyou all would not like to toss and turn | alatönşürge süymeydilethey would not like to toss and turn |
| hope to | mentönşürge umutlanamaI hope to toss and turn | sentönşürge umutlanasayou hope to toss and turn | oltönşürge umutlanadıhe hopes to toss and turn | biztönşürge umutlanabızwe hope to toss and turn | siztönşürge umutlanasızyou all hope to toss and turn | alatönşürge umutlanadılathey hope to toss and turn |
| hope to | mentönşürge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to toss and turn | sentönşürge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to toss and turn | oltönşürge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to toss and turn | biztönşürge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to toss and turn | siztönşürge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to toss and turn | alatönşürge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to toss and turn |
| be about to | mentönşürge deb turamaI am about to toss and turn | sentönşürge deb turasayou are about to toss and turn | oltönşürge deb turadıhe is about to toss and turn | biztönşürge deb turabızwe are about to toss and turn | siztönşürge deb turasızyou all are about to toss and turn | alatönşürge deb turadılathey are about to toss and turn |
| be about to | mentönşürge deb turmaymaI am not about to toss and turn | sentönşürge deb turmaysayou are not about to toss and turn | oltönşürge deb turmaydıhe is not about to toss and turn | biztönşürge deb turmaybızwe are not about to toss and turn | siztönşürge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to toss and turn | alatönşürge deb turmaydılathey are not about to toss and turn |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mentönşürge kerekmeI need to toss and turn | sentönşürge kerekseyou need to toss and turn | oltönşürge kerekdihe needs to toss and turn | biztönşürge kerekbizwe need to toss and turn | siztönşürge kereksizyou all need to toss and turn | alatönşürge kerekdilethey need to toss and turn |
| need to | mentönşürge kerek tülmeI do not need to toss and turn | sentönşürge kerek tülseyou do not need to toss and turn | oltönşürge kerek tüldühe does not need to toss and turn | biztönşürge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to toss and turn | siztönşürge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to toss and turn | alatönşürge kerek tüldülethey do not need to toss and turn |
| have to | menmenŋe tönşürge tüşediI have to toss and turn | sensenŋe tönşürge tüşediyou have to toss and turn | olaŋa tönşürge tüşedihe has to toss and turn | bizbizge tönşürge tüşediwe have to toss and turn | sizsizge tönşürge tüşediyou all have to toss and turn | alaalağa tönşürge tüşedithey have to toss and turn |
| have to | menmenŋe tönşürge tüşmeydiI do not have to toss and turn | sensenŋe tönşürge tüşmeydiyou do not have to toss and turn | olaŋa tönşürge tüşmeydihe does not have to toss and turn | bizbizge tönşürge tüşmeydiwe do not have to toss and turn | sizsizge tönşürge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to toss and turn | alaalağa tönşürge tüşmeydithey do not have to toss and turn |
| be obliged to | mentönşürge borçlumaI am obliged to toss and turn | sentönşürge borçlusayou are obliged to toss and turn | oltönşürge borçluduhe is obliged to toss and turn | biztönşürge borçlubuzwe are obliged to toss and turn | siztönşürge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to toss and turn | alatönşürge borçludulathey are obliged to toss and turn |
| be obliged to | mentönşürge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to toss and turn | sentönşürge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to toss and turn | oltönşürge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to toss and turn | biztönşürge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to toss and turn | siztönşürge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to toss and turn | alatönşürge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to toss and turn |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mentönşürge madarım bardıI have a way to toss and turn | sentönşürge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to toss and turn | oltönşürge madarı bardıhe has a way to toss and turn | biztönşürge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to toss and turn | siztönşürge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to toss and turn | alatönşürge madarları bardıthey have a way to toss and turn |
| have a way to | mentönşürge madarım joqduI have no way to toss and turn | sentönşürge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to toss and turn | oltönşürge madarı joqduhe has no way to toss and turn | biztönşürge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to toss and turn | siztönşürge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to toss and turn | alatönşürge madarları joqduthey have no way to toss and turn |
| be free to | mentönşürge erkinligim bardıI am free to toss and turn | sentönşürge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to toss and turn | oltönşürge erkinligi bardıhe is free to toss and turn | biztönşürge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to toss and turn | siztönşürge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to toss and turn | alatönşürge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to toss and turn |
| be free to | mentönşürge erkinligim joqduI am not free to toss and turn | sentönşürge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to toss and turn | oltönşürge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to toss and turn | biztönşürge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to toss and turn | siztönşürge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to toss and turn | alatönşürge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to toss and turn |
| be possible to | menmenŋe tönşürge bolluqduit is possible for me to toss and turn | sensenŋe tönşürge bolluqduit is possible for you to toss and turn | olaŋa tönşürge bolluqduit is possible for him to toss and turn | bizbizge tönşürge bolluqduit is possible for us to toss and turn | sizsizge tönşürge bolluqduit is possible for you all to toss and turn | alaalağa tönşürge bolluqduit is possible for them to toss and turn |
| be possible to | menmenŋe tönşürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to toss and turn | sensenŋe tönşürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to toss and turn | olaŋa tönşürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to toss and turn | bizbizge tönşürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to toss and turn | sizsizge tönşürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to toss and turn | alaalağa tönşürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to toss and turn |
| be ready to | mentönşürge hazırmaI am ready to toss and turn | sentönşürge hazırsayou are ready to toss and turn | oltönşürge hazırdıhe is ready to toss and turn | biztönşürge hazırbızwe are ready to toss and turn | siztönşürge hazırsızyou all are ready to toss and turn | alatönşürge hazırdılathey are ready to toss and turn |
| be ready to | mentönşürge hazır tülmeI am not ready to toss and turn | sentönşürge hazır tülseyou are not ready to toss and turn | oltönşürge hazır tüldühe is not ready to toss and turn | biztönşürge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to toss and turn | siztönşürge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to toss and turn | alatönşürge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to toss and turn |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mentönşürge küreşemeI am trying to toss and turn | sentönşürge küreşeseyou are trying to toss and turn | oltönşürge küreşedihe is trying to toss and turn | biztönşürge küreşebizwe are trying to toss and turn | siztönşürge küreşesizyou all are trying to toss and turn | alatönşürge küreşedilethey are trying to toss and turn |
| try to | mentönşürge küreşmeymeI am not trying to toss and turn | sentönşürge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to toss and turn | oltönşürge küreşmeydihe is not trying to toss and turn | biztönşürge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to toss and turn | siztönşürge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to toss and turn | alatönşürge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to toss and turn |
| agree to | mentönşürge unaymaI agree to toss and turn | sentönşürge unaysayou agree to toss and turn | oltönşürge unaydıhe agrees to toss and turn | biztönşürge unaybızwe agree to toss and turn | siztönşürge unaysızyou all agree to toss and turn | alatönşürge unaydılathey agree to toss and turn |
| agree to | mentönşürge unamaymaI refuse to toss and turn | sentönşürge unamaysayou refuse to toss and turn | oltönşürge unamaydıhe refuses to toss and turn | biztönşürge unamaybızwe refuse to toss and turn | siztönşürge unamaysızyou all refuse to toss and turn | alatönşürge unamaydılathey refuse to toss and turn |
| hurry to | mentönşürge aşığamaI am in a hurry to toss and turn | sentönşürge aşığasayou are in a hurry to toss and turn | oltönşürge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to toss and turn | biztönşürge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to toss and turn | siztönşürge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to toss and turn | alatönşürge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to toss and turn |
| hurry to | mentönşürge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to toss and turn | sentönşürge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to toss and turn | oltönşürge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to toss and turn | biztönşürge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to toss and turn | siztönşürge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to toss and turn | alatönşürge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to toss and turn |
| be afraid to | mentönşürge qorqamaI am afraid to toss and turn | sentönşürge qorqasayou are afraid to toss and turn | oltönşürge qorqadıhe is afraid to toss and turn | biztönşürge qorqabızwe are afraid to toss and turn | siztönşürge qorqasızyou all are afraid to toss and turn | alatönşürge qorqadılathey are afraid to toss and turn |
| be afraid to | mentönşürge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to toss and turn | sentönşürge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to toss and turn | oltönşürge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to toss and turn | biztönşürge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to toss and turn | siztönşürge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to toss and turn | alatönşürge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to toss and turn |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mentönşüy bolmazmaI can't be tossing and turning | sentönşüy bolmazsayou can't be tossing and turning | oltönşüy bolmazhe can't be tossing and turning | biztönşüy bolmazbızwe can't be tossing and turning | siztönşüy bolmazsızyou all can't be tossing and turning | alatönşüy bolmazlathey can't be tossing and turning |
| Inference, present — double negation | mentönşümey bolmazmaI must be tossing and turning (emphatic) | sentönşümey bolmazsayou must be tossing and turning (emphatic) | oltönşümey bolmazhe must be tossing and turning (emphatic) | biztönşümey bolmazbızwe must be tossing and turning (emphatic) | siztönşümey bolmazsızyou all must be tossing and turning (emphatic) | alatönşümey bolmazlathey must be tossing and turning (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mentönşüy turmasamif I don't keep tossing and turning | sentönşüy turmasaŋif you don't keep tossing and turning | oltönşüy turmasaif he doesn't keep tossing and turning | biztönşüy turmasaqif we don't keep tossing and turning | siztönşüy turmasağızif you all don't keep tossing and turning | alatönşüy turmasalaif they don't keep tossing and turning |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mentönşüy tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of tossing and turning | sentönşüy tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of tossing and turning | oltönşüy tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of tossing and turning | biztönşüy tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of tossing and turning | siztönşüy tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of tossing and turning | alatönşüy tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of tossing and turning |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mentönşümey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not tossing and turning (emphatic) | sentönşümey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not tossing and turning (emphatic) | oltönşümey tura bolmazhe must keep on not tossing and turning (emphatic) | biztönşümey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not tossing and turning (emphatic) | siztönşümey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not tossing and turning (emphatic) | alatönşümey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not tossing and turning (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mentönşümey turamaI keep on not tossing and turning | sentönşümey turasayou keep on not tossing and turning | oltönşümey turadıhe keeps on not tossing and turning | biztönşümey turabızwe keep on not tossing and turning | siztönşümey turasızyou all keep on not tossing and turning | alatönşümey turadılathey keep on not tossing and turning |
| Progressive — double negation | mentönşümey turmaymaI am not keeping on not tossing and turning | sentönşümey turmaysayou are not keeping on not tossing and turning | oltönşümey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not tossing and turning | biztönşümey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not tossing and turning | siztönşümey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not tossing and turning | alatönşümey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not tossing and turning |
| Progressive — double negation | mentönşümey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not tossing and turning? | sentönşümey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not tossing and turning? | oltönşümey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not tossing and turning? | biztönşümey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not tossing and turning? | siztönşümey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not tossing and turning? | alatönşümey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not tossing and turning? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mentönşügen bolmazmaI can't have tossed and turned | sentönşügen bolmazsayou can't have tossed and turned | oltönşügen bolmazhe can't have tossed and turned | biztönşügen bolmazbızwe can't have tossed and turned | siztönşügen bolmazsızyou all can't have tossed and turned | alatönşügen bolmazlathey can't have tossed and turned |
| Inference — double negation | mentönşümegen bolmazmaI must have tossed and turned (emphatic) | sentönşümegen bolmazsayou must have tossed and turned (emphatic) | oltönşümegen bolmazhe must have tossed and turned (emphatic) | biztönşümegen bolmazbızwe must have tossed and turned (emphatic) | siztönşümegen bolmazsızyou all must have tossed and turned (emphatic) | alatönşümegen bolmazlathey must have tossed and turned (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mentönşügen bolmasamif it weren't that I had tossed and turned | sentönşügen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had tossed and turned | oltönşügen bolmasaif it weren't that he had tossed and turned | biztönşügen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had tossed and turned | siztönşügen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had tossed and turned | alatönşügen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had tossed and turned |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mentönşümegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't tossed and turned | sentönşümegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't tossed and turned | oltönşümegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't tossed and turned | biztönşümegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't tossed and turned | siztönşümegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't tossed and turned | alatönşümegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't tossed and turned |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mentönşürük bolmazmaI can't be going to toss and turn | sentönşürük bolmazsayou can't be going to toss and turn | oltönşürük bolmazhe can't be going to toss and turn | biztönşürük bolmazbızwe can't be going to toss and turn | siztönşürük bolmazsızyou all can't be going to toss and turn | alatönşürük bolmazlathey can't be going to toss and turn |
| Inference, future — double negation | mentönşümezlik bolmazmaI must be going to toss and turn (emphatic) | sentönşümezlik bolmazsayou must be going to toss and turn (emphatic) | oltönşümezlik bolmazhe must be going to toss and turn (emphatic) | biztönşümezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to toss and turn (emphatic) | siztönşümezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to toss and turn (emphatic) | alatönşümezlik bolmazlathey must be going to toss and turn (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mentönşürük bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to toss and turn | sentönşürük bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to toss and turn | oltönşürük bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to toss and turn | biztönşürük bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to toss and turn | siztönşürük bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to toss and turn | alatönşürük bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to toss and turn |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mentönşümezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to toss and turn | sentönşümezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to toss and turn | oltönşümezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to toss and turn | biztönşümezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to toss and turn | siztönşümezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to toss and turn | alatönşümezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to toss and turn |