sürdürtürge
/syrdyrtyrɡe/
1. make someone drive off livestock, have livestock driven or herded
- qoylanı qışlıqğa sürdürt — have the sheep driven to the winter pasture
- mallanı sürdürtürge — to have the livestock driven off
- mallanı jaylıqğa sürdürtdü — had the livestock driven to the summer pasture
- jaylıqğa sürdürtürge — to have them driven to the summer pasture
2. have land plowed, make someone plow
- baçhanı sürdürtürge — to have the garden plowed
- sabannı sürdürtürge — to have the field plowed
- atam sabannı sürdürtedi — my father has the field plowed
- jerni sürdürtürge — to have the land plowed
Conjugation
Common forms
- sürdürtedihe is making someone drive off livestock
- sürdürtdühe made someone drive off livestock
- sürdürtgendihe has made someone drive off livestock
- sürdürtürhe will make someone drive off livestock
- sürdürtürükdühe is going to make someone drive off livestock
- sürdürte edihe was making someone drive off livestock
- sürdürtseif he makes someone drive off livestock
- sürdürt!make someone drive off livestock!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensürdürtemeI am making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürteseyou are making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtedihe is making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtebizwe are making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtesizyou all are making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtedilethey are making someone drive off livestock |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensürdürtmeymeI am not making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmeyseyou are not making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmeydihe is not making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmeybizwe are not making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmeysizyou all are not making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmeydilethey are not making someone drive off livestock |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensürdürtememi? sürdürtemime?am I making someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtemise?are you making someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtemidi?is he making someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtebizmi? sürdürtemibiz?are we making someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtemisiz?are you all making someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtemidile?are they making someone drive off livestock? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensürdürtmeymemi? sürdürtmeymime?aren't I making someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtmeymise?aren't you making someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtmeymidi?isn't he making someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtmeybizmi? sürdürtmeymibiz?aren't we making someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtmeymisiz?aren't you all making someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtmeymidile?aren't they making someone drive off livestock? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensürdürtüwçenmeI usually make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtüwçenseyou usually make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtüwçendihe usually makes someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtüwçenbizwe usually make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtüwçensizyou all usually make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtüwçendilethey usually make someone drive off livestock |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensürdürtmewçenmeI usually don't make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmewçenseyou usually don't make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmewçendihe usually doesn't make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmewçenbizwe usually don't make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmewçensizyou all usually don't make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmewçendilethey usually don't make someone drive off livestock |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensürdürtüwçenmemi? sürdürtüwçenmime?do I usually make someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtüwçenmise?do you usually make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtüwçenmidi?does he usually make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtüwçenbizmi? sürdürtüwçenmibiz?do we usually make someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtüwçenmisiz?do you all usually make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtüwçenmidile?do they usually make someone drive off livestock? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensürdürtmewçenmemi? sürdürtmewçenmime?do I usually not make someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtmewçenmise?do you usually not make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtmewçenmidi?does he usually not make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtmewçenbizmi? sürdürtmewçenmibiz?do we usually not make someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtmewçenmidile?do they usually not make someone drive off livestock? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsürdürtübdühe has made someone drive off livestock and remains so | alasürdürtübdülethey have made someone drive off livestock and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsürdürtübmüdü?has he made someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtübmüdüle?have they made someone drive off livestock? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensürdürtüb turamaI keep making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtüb turasayou keep making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtüb turadıhe keeps making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtüb turabızwe keep making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtüb turasızyou all keep making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtüb turadılathey keep making someone drive off livestock |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensürdürtüb turmaymaI don't keep making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtüb turmaysayou don't keep making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtüb turmaydıhe doesn't keep making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtüb turmaybızwe don't keep making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtüb turmaysızyou all don't keep making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtüb turmaydılathey don't keep making someone drive off livestock |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensürdürtüb turamamı? sürdürtüb turamıma?do I keep making someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtüb turamısa?do you keep making someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtüb turamıdı?does he keep making someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtüb turabızmı? sürdürtüb turamıbız?do we keep making someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtüb turamısız?do you all keep making someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtüb turamıdıla?do they keep making someone drive off livestock? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensürdürtüb turmaymamı? sürdürtüb turmaymıma?don't I keep making someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtüb turmaymısa?don't you keep making someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtüb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep making someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtüb turmaybızmı? sürdürtüb turmaymıbız?don't we keep making someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtüb turmaymısız?don't you all keep making someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtüb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep making someone drive off livestock? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensürdürte turamaI am in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürte turasayou are in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürte turadıhe is in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürte turabızwe are in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürte turasızyou all are in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürte turadılathey are in the middle of making someone drive off livestock |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensürdürte turmaymaI am not in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürte turmaysayou are not in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürte turmaydıhe is not in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürte turmaybızwe are not in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürte turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürte turmaydılathey are not in the middle of making someone drive off livestock |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensürdürte turamamı? sürdürte turamıma?am I in the middle of making someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürte turamısa?are you in the middle of making someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürte turamıdı?is he in the middle of making someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürte turabızmı? sürdürte turamıbız?are we in the middle of making someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürte turamısız?are you all in the middle of making someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürte turamıdıla?are they in the middle of making someone drive off livestock? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensürdürte turmaymamı? sürdürte turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of making someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürte turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of making someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürte turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of making someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürte turmaybızmı? sürdürte turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of making someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürte turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of making someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürte turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of making someone drive off livestock? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensürdürtdümI made someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtdüŋyou made someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtdühe made someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtdükwe made someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtdügüzyou all made someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtdülethey made someone drive off livestock |
| Simple past (definite) | mensürdürtmedimI didn't make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmediŋyou didn't make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmedihe didn't make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmedikwe didn't make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmedigizyou all didn't make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmedilethey didn't make someone drive off livestock |
| Simple past (definite) | mensürdürtdümmü?did I make someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtdüŋmü?did you make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtdümü?did he make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtdükmü?did we make someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtdügüzmü?did you all make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtdülemi?did they make someone drive off livestock? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensürdürtmedimmi?didn't I make someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtmediŋmi?didn't you make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtmedimi?didn't he make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtmedikmi?didn't we make someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtmedigizmi?didn't you all make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtmedilemi?didn't they make someone drive off livestock? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensürdürtgenmeI have made someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtgenseyou have made someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtgendihe has made someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtgenbizwe have made someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtgensizyou all have made someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtgendilethey have made someone drive off livestock |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensürdürtmegenmeI haven't made someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmegenseyou haven't made someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmegendihe hasn't made someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmegenbizwe haven't made someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmegensizyou all haven't made someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmegendilethey haven't made someone drive off livestock |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensürdürtgenmemi? sürdürtgenmime?have I made someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtgenmise?have you made someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtgenmidi?has he made someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtgenbizmi? sürdürtgenmibiz?have we made someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtgenmisiz?have you all made someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtgenmidile?have they made someone drive off livestock? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensürdürtmegenmemi? sürdürtmegenmime?haven't I made someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtmegenmise?haven't you made someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtmegenmidi?hasn't he made someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtmegenbizmi? sürdürtmegenmibiz?haven't we made someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtmegenmisiz?haven't you all made someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtmegenmidile?haven't they made someone drive off livestock? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensürdürtüb turdumI kept making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtüb turduŋyou kept making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtüb turduhe kept making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtüb turduqwe kept making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtüb turduğuzyou all kept making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtüb turdulathey kept making someone drive off livestock |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensürdürtüb turmadımI didn't keep making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtüb turmadıŋyou didn't keep making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtüb turmadıhe didn't keep making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtüb turmadıqwe didn't keep making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtüb turmadığızyou all didn't keep making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtüb turmadılathey didn't keep making someone drive off livestock |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensürdürtürmeI will make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürseyou will make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürhe will make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürbüzwe will make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürsüzyou all will make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürlethey will make someone drive off livestock |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensürdürtmezmeI won't make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmezseyou won't make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmezhe won't make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmezbizwe won't make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmezsizyou all won't make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmezlethey won't make someone drive off livestock |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensürdürtürmemi? sürdürtürmüme?will I make someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtürmüse?will you make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtürmü?will he make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtürbüzmü? sürdürtürmübüz?will we make someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtürmüsüz?will you all make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtürlemi? sürdürtürmüle?will they make someone drive off livestock? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensürdürtmezmemi? sürdürtmezmime?won't I make someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtmezmise?won't you make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtmezmi?won't he make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtmezbizmi? sürdürtmezmibiz?won't we make someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtmezmisiz?won't you all make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtmezlemi? sürdürtmezmile?won't they make someone drive off livestock? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensürdürtürükmeI am going to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürükseyou are going to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürükdühe is going to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürükbüzwe are going to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürüksüzyou all are going to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürükdülethey are going to make someone drive off livestock |
| Definite future (future II) | mensürdürtürük tülmeI am not going to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürük tülseyou are not going to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürük tüldühe is not going to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürük tülbüzwe are not going to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürük tülsüzyou all are not going to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürük tüldülethey are not going to make someone drive off livestock |
| Definite future (future II) | mensürdürtürükmemi? sürdürtürükmüme?am I going to make someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtürükmüse?are you going to make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtürükmüdü?is he going to make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtürükbüzmü? sürdürtürükmübüz?are we going to make someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtürükmüsüz?are you all going to make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtürükmüdüle?are they going to make someone drive off livestock? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensürdürtürük tülmüme?aren't I going to make someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtürük tülmüse?aren't you going to make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtürük tülmüdü?isn't he going to make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtürük tülmübüz?aren't we going to make someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtürük tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtürük tülmüdüle?aren't they going to make someone drive off livestock? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensürdürtgen edimsürdürtgenemI had made someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtgen ediŋsürdürtgeneŋyou had made someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtgen edisürdürtgenedhe had made someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtgen ediksürdürtgenekwe had made someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtgen edigizsürdürtgenegizyou all had made someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtgen edilesürdürtgenellethey had made someone drive off livestock |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensürdürtmegen edimsürdürtmegenemI hadn't made someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmegen ediŋsürdürtmegeneŋyou hadn't made someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmegen edisürdürtmegenedhe hadn't made someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmegen ediksürdürtmegenekwe hadn't made someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmegen edigizsürdürtmegenegizyou all hadn't made someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmegen edilesürdürtmegenellethey hadn't made someone drive off livestock |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensürdürte edimsürdürtemI was making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürte ediŋsürdürteŋyou were making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürte edisürdürtedhe was making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürte ediksürdürtekwe were making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürte edigizsürdürtegizyou all were making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürte edilesürdürtellethey were making someone drive off livestock |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensürdürtmey edimsürdürtmeyemI wasn't making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmey ediŋsürdürtmeyeŋyou weren't making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmey edisürdürtmeyedhe wasn't making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmey ediksürdürtmeyekwe weren't making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmey edigizsürdürtmeyegizyou all weren't making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmey edilesürdürtmeyellethey weren't making someone drive off livestock |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mensürdürtüwçen edimsürdürtüwçenemI used to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtüwçen ediŋsürdürtüwçeneŋyou used to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtüwçen edisürdürtüwçenedhe used to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtüwçen ediksürdürtüwçenekwe used to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtüwçen edigizsürdürtüwçenegizyou all used to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtüwçen edilesürdürtüwçenellethey used to make someone drive off livestock |
| Habitual past (used to) | mensürdürtmewçen edimsürdürtmewçenemI didn't use to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmewçen ediŋsürdürtmewçeneŋyou didn't use to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmewçen edisürdürtmewçenedhe didn't use to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmewçen ediksürdürtmewçenekwe didn't use to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmewçen edigizsürdürtmewçenegizyou all didn't use to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmewçen edilesürdürtmewçenellethey didn't use to make someone drive off livestock |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsürdürtüb edihe had made someone drive off livestock and remained so | alasürdürtüb edilethey had made someone drive off livestock and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsürdürtüb tül edihe hadn't made someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtüb tül edilethey hadn't made someone drive off livestock | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensürdürtüb tura edimsürdürtüb turaemI had kept making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtüb tura ediŋsürdürtüb turaeŋyou had kept making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtüb tura edisürdürtüb turaedhe had kept making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtüb tura ediksürdürtüb turaekwe had kept making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtüb tura edigizsürdürtüb turaegizyou all had kept making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtüb tura edilesürdürtüb turaellethey had kept making someone drive off livestock |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensürdürtüb turmay edimsürdürtüb turmayemI hadn't kept making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtüb turmay ediŋsürdürtüb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtüb turmay edisürdürtüb turmayedhe hadn't kept making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtüb turmay ediksürdürtüb turmayekwe hadn't kept making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtüb turmay edigizsürdürtüb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtüb turmay edilesürdürtüb turmayellethey hadn't kept making someone drive off livestock |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensürdürte tura edimsürdürte turaemI was in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürte tura ediŋsürdürte turaeŋyou were in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürte tura edisürdürte turaedhe was in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürte tura ediksürdürte turaekwe were in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürte tura edigizsürdürte turaegizyou all were in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürte tura edilesürdürte turaellethey were in the middle of making someone drive off livestock |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensürdürte turmay edimsürdürte turmayemI wasn't in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürte turmay ediŋsürdürte turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürte turmay edisürdürte turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürte turmay ediksürdürte turmayekwe weren't in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürte turmay edigizsürdürte turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürte turmay edilesürdürte turmayellethey weren't in the middle of making someone drive off livestock |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mensürdürtür edimsürdürtür emI would make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtür ediŋsürdürtür eŋyou would make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtür edisürdürtür edhe would make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtür ediksürdürtür ekwe would make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtür edigizsürdürtür egizyou all would make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtür edilesürdürtür ellethey would make someone drive off livestock |
| Conditional result (would) | mensürdürtmez edimsürdürtmez emI wouldn't make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmez ediŋsürdürtmez eŋyou wouldn't make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmez edisürdürtmez edhe wouldn't make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmez ediksürdürtmez ekwe wouldn't make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmez edigizsürdürtmez egizyou all wouldn't make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmez edilesürdürtmez ellethey wouldn't make someone drive off livestock |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensürdürtürük edimsürdürtürük emI would have made someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürük ediŋsürdürtürük eŋyou would have made someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürük edisürdürtürük edhe would have made someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürük ediksürdürtürük ekwe would have made someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürük edigizsürdürtürük egizyou all would have made someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürük edilesürdürtürük ellethey would have made someone drive off livestock |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensürdürtürük tül edimsürdürtürük tül emI wouldn't have made someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürük tül ediŋsürdürtürük tül eŋyou wouldn't have made someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürük tül edisürdürtürük tül edhe wouldn't have made someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürük tül ediksürdürtürük tül ekwe wouldn't have made someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürük tül edigizsürdürtürük tül egizyou all wouldn't have made someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürük tül edilesürdürtürük tül ellethey wouldn't have made someone drive off livestock |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mensürdürtsemif I make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtseŋif you make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtseif he makes someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtsekif we make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtsegizif you all make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtseleif they make someone drive off livestock |
| Conditional | mensürdürtmesemif I don't make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmeseŋif you don't make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmeseif he doesn't make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmesekif we don't make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmesegizif you all don't make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmeseleif they don't make someone drive off livestock |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mensürdürte esemif I am making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürte eseŋif you are making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürte eseif he is making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürte esekif we are making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürte esegizif you all are making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürte eseleif they are making someone drive off livestock |
| Conditional, present real | mensürdürtmey esemif I am not making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmey eseŋif you are not making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmey eseif he is not making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmey esekif we are not making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmey esegizif you all are not making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmey eseleif they are not making someone drive off livestock |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensürdürtsem edisürdürtsem edif only I made someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtseŋ edisürdürtseŋ edif only you made someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtse edisürdürtsedif only he made someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtsek edisürdürtsek edif only we made someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtsegiz edisürdürtsegiz edif only you all made someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtsele edisürdürtseledif only they made someone drive off livestock |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensürdürtmesem edisürdürtmesem edif only I didn't make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmeseŋ edisürdürtmeseŋ edif only you didn't make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmese edisürdürtmesedif only he didn't make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmesek edisürdürtmesek edif only we didn't make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmesegiz edisürdürtmesegiz edif only you all didn't make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmesele edisürdürtmeseledif only they didn't make someone drive off livestock |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mensürdürtüb tursamif I carry on making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtüb tursaŋif you carry on making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtüb tursaif he carries on making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtüb tursaqif we carry on making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtüb tursağızif you all carry on making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtüb tursalaif they carry on making someone drive off livestock |
| Durative conditional | mensürdürtüb turmasamif I don't carry on making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtüb turmasaŋif you don't carry on making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtüb turmasaif he doesn't carry on making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtüb turmasaqif we don't carry on making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtüb turmasağızif you all don't carry on making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtüb turmasalaif they don't carry on making someone drive off livestock |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mensürdürtüb tura esemif I have kept making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtüb tura eseŋif you have kept making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtüb tura eseif he has kept making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtüb tura esekif we have kept making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtüb tura esegizif you all have kept making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtüb tura eseleif they have kept making someone drive off livestock |
| Durative conditional, present real | mensürdürtüb turmay esemif I haven't kept making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtüb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtüb turmay eseif he hasn't kept making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtüb turmay esekif we haven't kept making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtüb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtüb turmay eseleif they haven't kept making someone drive off livestock |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mensürdürte tursamif I keep making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürte tursaŋif you keep making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürte tursaif he keeps making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürte tursaqif we keep making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürte tursağızif you all keep making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürte tursalaif they keep making someone drive off livestock |
| Progressive conditional | mensürdürtmey tursamif I keep on not making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmey tursaŋif you keep on not making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmey tursaif he keeps on not making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmey tursaqif we keep on not making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmey tursağızif you all keep on not making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmey tursalaif they keep on not making someone drive off livestock |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensürdürte tura esemif I am in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürte tura eseŋif you are in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürte tura eseif he is in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürte tura esekif we are in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürte tura esegizif you all are in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürte tura eseleif they are in the middle of making someone drive off livestock |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensürdürtmey tura esemif I keep on not making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmey tura eseŋif you keep on not making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmey tura eseif he keeps on not making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmey tura esekif we keep on not making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmey tura esegizif you all keep on not making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmey tura eseleif they keep on not making someone drive off livestock |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensürdürtdüm esemif I made someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtdüŋ eseŋif you made someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtdü eseif he made someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtdük esekif we made someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtdügüz esegizif you all made someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtdüle eseleif they made someone drive off livestock |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensürdürtmedim esemif I didn't make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmediŋ eseŋif you didn't make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmedi eseif he didn't make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmedik esekif we didn't make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmedigiz esegizif you all didn't make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmedile eseleif they didn't make someone drive off livestock |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mensürdürtgen esemif I did make someone drive off livestock (indeed) | sensürdürtgen eseŋif you did make someone drive off livestock (indeed) | olsürdürtgen eseif he did make someone drive off livestock (indeed) | bizsürdürtgen esekif we did make someone drive off livestock (indeed) | sizsürdürtgen esegizif you all did make someone drive off livestock (indeed) | alasürdürtgen eseleif they did make someone drive off livestock (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mensürdürtmegen esemif I didn't make someone drive off livestock (indeed) | sensürdürtmegen eseŋif you didn't make someone drive off livestock (indeed) | olsürdürtmegen eseif he didn't make someone drive off livestock (indeed) | bizsürdürtmegen esekif we didn't make someone drive off livestock (indeed) | sizsürdürtmegen esegizif you all didn't make someone drive off livestock (indeed) | alasürdürtmegen eseleif they didn't make someone drive off livestock (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensürdürtgen bolsamif I had made someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtgen bolsaŋif you had made someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtgen bolsaif he had made someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtgen bolsaqif we had made someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtgen bolsağızif you all had made someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtgen bolsalaif they had made someone drive off livestock |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensürdürtmegen bolsamif I hadn't made someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't made someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmegen bolsaif he hadn't made someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmegen bolsaqif we hadn't made someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't made someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmegen bolsalaif they hadn't made someone drive off livestock |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensürdürtgen bolsam edisürdürtgen bolsam edif only I had made someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtgen bolsaŋ edisürdürtgen bolsaŋ edif only you had made someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtgen bolsa edisürdürtgen bolsaedif only he had made someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtgen bolsaq edisürdürtgen bolsaq edif only we had made someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtgen bolsağız edisürdürtgen bolsağız edif only you all had made someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtgen bolsala edisürdürtgen bolsalaedif only they had made someone drive off livestock |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensürdürtmegen bolsam edisürdürtmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't made someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmegen bolsaŋ edisürdürtmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't made someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmegen bolsa edisürdürtmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't made someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmegen bolsaq edisürdürtmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't made someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmegen bolsağız edisürdürtmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't made someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmegen bolsala edisürdürtmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't made someone drive off livestock |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mensürdürtür esemif I will make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtür eseŋif you will make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtür eseif he will make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtür esekif we will make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtür esegizif you all will make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtür eseleif they will make someone drive off livestock |
| Conditional, aorist | mensürdürtmez esemif I won't make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmez eseŋif you won't make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmez eseif he won't make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmez esekif we won't make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmez esegizif you all won't make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmez eseleif they won't make someone drive off livestock |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mensürdürtürük esemif I am going to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürük eseŋif you are going to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürük eseif he is going to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürük esekif we are going to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürük esegizif you all are going to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürük eseleif they are going to make someone drive off livestock |
| Conditional, future | mensürdürtürük tül esemif I am not going to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürük tül eseŋif you are not going to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürük tül eseif he is not going to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürük tül esekif we are not going to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürük tül esegizif you all are not going to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürük tül eseleif they are not going to make someone drive off livestock |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensürdürtürük bolsamif I were going to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürük bolsaŋif you were going to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürük bolsaif he were going to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürük bolsaqif we were going to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürük bolsağızif you all were going to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürük bolsalaif they were going to make someone drive off livestock |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensürdürtmezlik bolsamif I were not going to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmezlik bolsaif he were not going to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to make someone drive off livestock |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso sürdürtdüŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensürdürte bolurmaI must be making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürte bolursayou must be making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürte bolurhe must be making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürte bolurbuzwe must be making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürte bolursuzyou all must be making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürte bolurlathey must be making someone drive off livestock |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensürdürtmey bolurmaI must not be making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmey bolursayou must not be making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmey bolurhe must not be making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmey bolurbuzwe must not be making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmey bolursuzyou all must not be making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmey bolurlathey must not be making someone drive off livestock |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensürdürte tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürte tura bolursayou must be in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürte tura bolurhe must be in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürte tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürte tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürte tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of making someone drive off livestock |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensürdürtmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmey tura bolursayou must keep on not making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmey tura bolurhe must keep on not making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not making someone drive off livestock |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mensürdürtgen bolurmaI must have made someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtgen bolursayou must have made someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtgen bolurhe must have made someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtgen bolurbuzwe must have made someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtgen bolursuzyou all must have made someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtgen bolurlathey must have made someone drive off livestock |
| Inference (must have) | mensürdürtmegen bolurmaI must not have made someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmegen bolursayou must not have made someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmegen bolurhe must not have made someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmegen bolurbuzwe must not have made someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmegen bolursuzyou all must not have made someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmegen bolurlathey must not have made someone drive off livestock |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensürdürtürük bolurmaI must be going to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürük bolursayou must be going to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürük bolurhe must be going to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürük bolurbuzwe must be going to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürük bolursuzyou all must be going to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürük bolurlathey must be going to make someone drive off livestock |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensürdürtmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmezlik bolursayou must not be going to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmezlik bolurhe must not be going to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to make someone drive off livestock |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mensürdürteyimlet me make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürt!make someone drive off livestock! | olsürdürtsünlet him make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürteyiklet's make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtügüz!make someone drive off livestock, you all! | alasürdürtsünlelet them make someone drive off livestock |
| Commands & suggestions | mensürdürtmeyimlet me not make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtme!don't make someone drive off livestock! | olsürdürtmesinlet him not make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmeyiklet's not make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmegiz!don't make someone drive off livestock, you all! | alasürdürtmesinlelet them not make someone drive off livestock |
| Commands & suggestions | mensürdürteyimmi?shall I make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtsünmü?should he make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürteyikmi?shall we make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtsünlemi?should they make someone drive off livestock? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mensürdürtmeyimmi?shall I not make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtmesinmi?should he not make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtmeyikmi?shall we not make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtmesinlemi?should they not make someone drive off livestock? | ||
| Requests | sensürdürtçü2sürdürtçünplease make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtsünçüdo let him make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtçügüzplease make someone drive off livestock (plural/polite) | alasürdürtsünleçido let them make someone drive off livestock | ||
| Requests | sensürdürtmeçi2sürdürtmeçinplease don't make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmesinçido let him not make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmeçigizplease don't make someone drive off livestock (plural/polite) | alasürdürtmesinleçido let them not make someone drive off livestock | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensürdürtgünsürdürtgümay you make someone drive off livestock | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensürdürtmeginsürdürtmegimay you not make someone drive off livestock | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensürdürtgey edim sürdürtge edimwould that I made someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtgey ediŋ sürdürtge ediŋwould that you made someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtgey edi sürdürtge ediwould that he made someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtgey edik sürdürtge edikwould that we made someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtgey edigiz sürdürtge edigizwould that you all made someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtgey edile sürdürtge edilewould that they made someone drive off livestock |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensürdürtmegey edim sürdürtmege edimwould that I did not make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmegey ediŋ sürdürtmege ediŋwould that you did not make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmegey edi sürdürtmege ediwould that he did not make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmegey edik sürdürtmege edikwould that we did not make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmegey edigiz sürdürtmege edigizwould that you all did not make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmegey edile sürdürtmege edilewould that they did not make someone drive off livestock |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensürdürtmege qoyayımsürdürtme qoyayımlet me allow someone to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmege qoy!sürdürtme qoy!let someone make someone drive off livestock! | olsürdürtmege qoysunsürdürtme qoysunlet him allow someone to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmege qoyayıqsürdürtme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmege qoyuğuz!sürdürtme qoyuğuz!let someone make someone drive off livestock, you all! | alasürdürtmege qoysunlasürdürtme qoysunlalet them allow someone to make someone drive off livestock |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensürdürtmege qoymayımsürdürtme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmege qoyma!sürdürtme qoyma!don't let someone make someone drive off livestock! | olsürdürtmege qoymasınsürdürtme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmege qoymayıqsürdürtme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmege qoymağız!sürdürtme qoymağız!don't let someone make someone drive off livestock, you all! | alasürdürtmege qoymasınlasürdürtme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to make someone drive off livestock |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensürdürtmege qoyayımmı?sürdürtme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtmege qoysunmu?sürdürtme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtmege qoyayıqmı?sürdürtme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtmege qoysunlamı?sürdürtme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensürdürtmege qoymayımmı?sürdürtme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtmege qoymasınmı?sürdürtme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtmege qoymayıqmı?sürdürtme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtmege qoymasınlamı?sürdürtme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mensürdürtmege qoyamasürdürtme qoyamaI allow someone to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmege qoyasasürdürtme qoyasayou allow someone to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmege qoyadısürdürtme qoyadıhe allows someone to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmege qoyabızsürdürtme qoyabızwe allow someone to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmege qoyasızsürdürtme qoyasızyou all allow someone to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmege qoyadılasürdürtme qoyadılathey allow someone to make someone drive off livestock |
| Let someone… (present) | mensürdürtmege qoymaymasürdürtme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmege qoymaysasürdürtme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmege qoymaydısürdürtme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmege qoymaybızsürdürtme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmege qoymaysızsürdürtme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmege qoymaydılasürdürtme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to make someone drive off livestock |
| Let someone… (present) | mensürdürtmege qoyamamı?sürdürtme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtmege qoyamısa?sürdürtme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtmege qoyamıdı?sürdürtme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtmege qoyabızmı?sürdürtme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtmege qoyamısız?sürdürtme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtmege qoyamıdıla?sürdürtme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? |
| Let someone… (present) | mensürdürtmege qoymaymamı?sürdürtme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtmege qoymaymısa?sürdürtme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtmege qoymaymıdı?sürdürtme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtmege qoymaybızmı?sürdürtme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtmege qoymaymısız?sürdürtme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtmege qoymaymıdıla?sürdürtme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensürdürtmege qoydumsürdürtme qoydumI allowed someone to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmege qoyduŋsürdürtme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmege qoydusürdürtme qoyduhe allowed someone to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmege qoyduqsürdürtme qoyduqwe allowed someone to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmege qoyduğuzsürdürtme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmege qoydulasürdürtme qoydulathey allowed someone to make someone drive off livestock |
| Let someone… (past) | mensürdürtmege qoymadımsürdürtme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmege qoymadıŋsürdürtme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmege qoymadısürdürtme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmege qoymadıqsürdürtme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmege qoymadığızsürdürtme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmege qoymadılasürdürtme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to make someone drive off livestock |
| Let someone… (past) | mensürdürtmege qoydummu?sürdürtme qoydummu?did I allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtmege qoyduŋmu?sürdürtme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtmege qoydumu?sürdürtme qoydumu?did he allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtmege qoyduqmu?sürdürtme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtmege qoyduğuzmu?sürdürtme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtmege qoydulamı?sürdürtme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensürdürtmege qoymadımmı?sürdürtme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtmege qoymadıŋmı?sürdürtme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtmege qoymadımı?sürdürtme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtmege qoymadıqmı?sürdürtme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtmege qoymadığızmı?sürdürtme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtmege qoymadılamı?sürdürtme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to make someone drive off livestock? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
sürdürtalırğa be able to make someone drive off livestock · sürdürtalmazğa be unable to make someone drive off livestock
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mensürdürtalamaI can make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtalasayou can make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtaladıhe can make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtalabızwe can make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtalasızyou all can make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtaladılathey can make someone drive off livestock |
| Ability — present | mensürdürtalmaymaI can't make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtalmaysayou can't make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtalmaydıhe can't make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtalmaybızwe can't make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtalmaysızyou all can't make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtalmaydılathey can't make someone drive off livestock |
| Ability — present | mensürdürtalamamı? sürdürtalamıma?can I make someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtalamısa?can you make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtalamıdı?can he make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtalabızmı? sürdürtalamıbız?can we make someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtalamısız?can you all make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtalamıdıla?can they make someone drive off livestock? |
| Ability — present | mensürdürtalmaymamı? sürdürtalmaymıma?can't I make someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtalmaymısa?can't you make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtalmaymıdı?can't he make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtalmaybızmı? sürdürtalmaymıbız?can't we make someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtalmaymısız?can't you all make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtalmaymıdıla?can't they make someone drive off livestock? |
| Ability — if I can… | mensürdürtalsamif I can make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtalsaŋif you can make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtalsaif he can make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtalsaqif we can make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtalsağızif you all can make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtalsalaif they can make someone drive off livestock |
| Ability — if I can… | mensürdürtalmasamif I can't make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtalmasaŋif you can't make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtalmasaif he can't make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtalmasaqif we can't make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtalmasağızif you all can't make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtalmasalaif they can't make someone drive off livestock |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mensürdürtaldımI was able to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtaldıŋyou were able to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtaldıhe was able to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtaldıqwe were able to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtaldığızyou all were able to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtaldılathey were able to make someone drive off livestock |
| Ability — simple past | mensürdürtalmadımI could not make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtalmadıŋyou could not make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtalmadıhe could not make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtalmadıqwe could not make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtalmadığızyou all could not make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtalmadılathey could not make someone drive off livestock |
| Ability — simple past | mensürdürtaldımmı?was I able to make someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtaldıŋmı?were you able to make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtaldımı?was he able to make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtaldıqmı?were we able to make someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtaldığızmı?were you all able to make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtaldılamı?were they able to make someone drive off livestock? |
| Ability — simple past | mensürdürtalmadımmı?couldn't I make someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtalmadıŋmı?couldn't you make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtalmadımı?couldn't he make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtalmadıqmı?couldn't we make someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtalmadığızmı?couldn't you all make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtalmadılamı?couldn't they make someone drive off livestock? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensürdürtalğanmaI have been able to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtalğansayou have been able to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtalğandıhe has been able to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtalğanbızwe have been able to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtalğansızyou all have been able to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtalğandılathey have been able to make someone drive off livestock |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensürdürtalmağanmaI haven't been able to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtalmağansayou haven't been able to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtalmağandıhe hasn't been able to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtalmağanbızwe haven't been able to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtalmağansızyou all haven't been able to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtalmağandılathey haven't been able to make someone drive off livestock |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensürdürtalğanmamı? sürdürtalğanmıma?have I been able to make someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtalğanmısa?have you been able to make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtalğanmıdı?has he been able to make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtalğanbızmı? sürdürtalğanmıbız?have we been able to make someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtalğanmısız?have you all been able to make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtalğanmıdıla?have they been able to make someone drive off livestock? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensürdürtalmağanmamı? sürdürtalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to make someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtalmağanbızmı? sürdürtalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to make someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to make someone drive off livestock? |
| Ability — past perfect | mensürdürtalğan edimsürdürtalğanemI had been able to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtalğan ediŋsürdürtalğaneŋyou had been able to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtalğan edisürdürtalğanedhe had been able to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtalğan ediksürdürtalğanekwe had been able to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtalğan edigizsürdürtalğanegizyou all had been able to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtalğan edilesürdürtalğanellethey had been able to make someone drive off livestock |
| Ability — past perfect | mensürdürtalmağan edimsürdürtalmağanemI hadn't been able to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtalmağan ediŋsürdürtalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtalmağan edisürdürtalmağanedhe hadn't been able to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtalmağan ediksürdürtalmağanekwe hadn't been able to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtalmağan edigizsürdürtalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtalmağan edilesürdürtalmağanellethey hadn't been able to make someone drive off livestock |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mensürdürtala edimsürdürtalaemI could make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtala ediŋsürdürtalaeŋyou could make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtala edisürdürtalaedhe could make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtala ediksürdürtalaekwe could make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtala edigizsürdürtalaegizyou all could make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtala edilesürdürtalaellethey could make someone drive off livestock |
| Ability — past background | mensürdürtalmay edimsürdürtalmayemI could not make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtalmay ediŋsürdürtalmayeŋyou could not make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtalmay edisürdürtalmayedhe could not make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtalmay ediksürdürtalmayekwe could not make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtalmay edigizsürdürtalmayegizyou all could not make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtalmay edilesürdürtalmayellethey could not make someone drive off livestock |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mensürdürtalırmaI will be able to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtalırsayou will be able to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtalırhe will be able to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtalırbızwe will be able to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtalırsızyou all will be able to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtalırlathey will be able to make someone drive off livestock |
| Ability — future I | mensürdürtalmazmaI won't be able to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtalmazsayou won't be able to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtalmazhe won't be able to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtalmazbızwe won't be able to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtalmazsızyou all won't be able to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtalmazlathey won't be able to make someone drive off livestock |
| Ability — future I | mensürdürtalırmamı? sürdürtalırmıma?will I be able to make someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtalırmısa?will you be able to make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtalırmı?will he be able to make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtalırbızmı? sürdürtalırmıbız?will we be able to make someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtalırmısız?will you all be able to make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtalırlamı? sürdürtalırmıla?will they be able to make someone drive off livestock? |
| Ability — future I | mensürdürtalmazmamı? sürdürtalmazmıma?won't I be able to make someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtalmazmısa?won't you be able to make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtalmazmı?won't he be able to make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtalmazbızmı? sürdürtalmazmıbız?won't we be able to make someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtalmazmısız?won't you all be able to make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtalmazlamı? sürdürtalmazmıla?won't they be able to make someone drive off livestock? |
| Ability — future II | mensürdürtallıqmaI am going to be able to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtallıqsayou are going to be able to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtallıqdıhe is going to be able to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtallıqbızwe are going to be able to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtallıqsızyou all are going to be able to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtallıqdılathey are going to be able to make someone drive off livestock |
| Ability — future II | mensürdürtallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to make someone drive off livestock |
| Ability — future II | mensürdürtallıqmamı? sürdürtallıqmıma?am I going to be able to make someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtallıqmısa?are you going to be able to make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtallıqbızmı? sürdürtallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to make someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to make someone drive off livestock? |
| Ability — future II | mensürdürtallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to make someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to make someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to make someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to make someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to make someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to make someone drive off livestock? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensürdürtalır edimsürdürtalır emI would be able to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtalır ediŋsürdürtalır eŋyou would be able to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtalır edisürdürtalır edhe would be able to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtalır ediksürdürtalır ekwe would be able to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtalır edigizsürdürtalır egizyou all would be able to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtalır edilesürdürtalır ellethey would be able to make someone drive off livestock |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensürdürtalmaz edimsürdürtalmaz emI wouldn't be able to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtalmaz ediŋsürdürtalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtalmaz edisürdürtalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtalmaz ediksürdürtalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtalmaz edigizsürdürtalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtalmaz edilesürdürtalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to make someone drive off livestock |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensürdürtalğınsürdürtalğımay you be able to make someone drive off livestock | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensürdürtalmağınsürdürtalmağımay you not be able to make someone drive off livestock | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mensürdürtürge izleymeI want to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge izleyseyou want to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge izleydihe wants to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge izleybizwe want to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge izleysizyou all want to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge izleydilethey want to make someone drive off livestock |
| want to | mensürdürtürge izlemeymeI do not want to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge izlemeyseyou do not want to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge izlemeydihe does not want to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge izlemeybizwe do not want to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge izlemeysizyou all do not want to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge izlemeydilethey do not want to make someone drive off livestock |
| would like to | mensürdürtürge süemeI would like to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge süeseyou would like to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge süedihe would like to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge süebizwe would like to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge süesizyou all would like to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge süedilethey would like to make someone drive off livestock |
| would like to | mensürdürtürge süymeymeI would not like to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge süymeyseyou would not like to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge süymeydihe would not like to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge süymeybizwe would not like to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge süymeysizyou all would not like to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge süymeydilethey would not like to make someone drive off livestock |
| hope to | mensürdürtürge umutlanamaI hope to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge umutlanasayou hope to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge umutlanadıhe hopes to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge umutlanabızwe hope to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge umutlanasızyou all hope to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge umutlanadılathey hope to make someone drive off livestock |
| hope to | mensürdürtürge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to make someone drive off livestock |
| be about to | mensürdürtürge deb turamaI am about to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge deb turasayou are about to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge deb turadıhe is about to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge deb turabızwe are about to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge deb turasızyou all are about to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge deb turadılathey are about to make someone drive off livestock |
| be about to | mensürdürtürge deb turmaymaI am not about to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge deb turmaysayou are not about to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge deb turmaydıhe is not about to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge deb turmaybızwe are not about to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge deb turmaydılathey are not about to make someone drive off livestock |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mensürdürtürge kerekmeI need to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge kerekseyou need to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge kerekdihe needs to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge kerekbizwe need to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge kereksizyou all need to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge kerekdilethey need to make someone drive off livestock |
| need to | mensürdürtürge kerek tülmeI do not need to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge kerek tülseyou do not need to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge kerek tüldühe does not need to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge kerek tüldülethey do not need to make someone drive off livestock |
| have to | menmenŋe sürdürtürge tüşediI have to make someone drive off livestock | sensenŋe sürdürtürge tüşediyou have to make someone drive off livestock | olaŋa sürdürtürge tüşedihe has to make someone drive off livestock | bizbizge sürdürtürge tüşediwe have to make someone drive off livestock | sizsizge sürdürtürge tüşediyou all have to make someone drive off livestock | alaalağa sürdürtürge tüşedithey have to make someone drive off livestock |
| have to | menmenŋe sürdürtürge tüşmeydiI do not have to make someone drive off livestock | sensenŋe sürdürtürge tüşmeydiyou do not have to make someone drive off livestock | olaŋa sürdürtürge tüşmeydihe does not have to make someone drive off livestock | bizbizge sürdürtürge tüşmeydiwe do not have to make someone drive off livestock | sizsizge sürdürtürge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to make someone drive off livestock | alaalağa sürdürtürge tüşmeydithey do not have to make someone drive off livestock |
| be obliged to | mensürdürtürge borçlumaI am obliged to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge borçlusayou are obliged to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge borçluduhe is obliged to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge borçlubuzwe are obliged to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge borçludulathey are obliged to make someone drive off livestock |
| be obliged to | mensürdürtürge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to make someone drive off livestock |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mensürdürtürge madarım bardıI have a way to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge madarı bardıhe has a way to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge madarları bardıthey have a way to make someone drive off livestock |
| have a way to | mensürdürtürge madarım joqduI have no way to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge madarı joqduhe has no way to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge madarları joqduthey have no way to make someone drive off livestock |
| be free to | mensürdürtürge erkinligim bardıI am free to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge erkinligi bardıhe is free to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to make someone drive off livestock |
| be free to | mensürdürtürge erkinligim joqduI am not free to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to make someone drive off livestock |
| be possible to | menmenŋe sürdürtürge bolluqduit is possible for me to make someone drive off livestock | sensenŋe sürdürtürge bolluqduit is possible for you to make someone drive off livestock | olaŋa sürdürtürge bolluqduit is possible for him to make someone drive off livestock | bizbizge sürdürtürge bolluqduit is possible for us to make someone drive off livestock | sizsizge sürdürtürge bolluqduit is possible for you all to make someone drive off livestock | alaalağa sürdürtürge bolluqduit is possible for them to make someone drive off livestock |
| be possible to | menmenŋe sürdürtürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to make someone drive off livestock | sensenŋe sürdürtürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to make someone drive off livestock | olaŋa sürdürtürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to make someone drive off livestock | bizbizge sürdürtürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to make someone drive off livestock | sizsizge sürdürtürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to make someone drive off livestock | alaalağa sürdürtürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to make someone drive off livestock |
| be ready to | mensürdürtürge hazırmaI am ready to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge hazırsayou are ready to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge hazırdıhe is ready to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge hazırbızwe are ready to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge hazırsızyou all are ready to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge hazırdılathey are ready to make someone drive off livestock |
| be ready to | mensürdürtürge hazır tülmeI am not ready to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge hazır tülseyou are not ready to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge hazır tüldühe is not ready to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to make someone drive off livestock |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mensürdürtürge küreşemeI am trying to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge küreşeseyou are trying to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge küreşedihe is trying to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge küreşebizwe are trying to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge küreşesizyou all are trying to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge küreşedilethey are trying to make someone drive off livestock |
| try to | mensürdürtürge küreşmeymeI am not trying to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge küreşmeydihe is not trying to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to make someone drive off livestock |
| agree to | mensürdürtürge unaymaI agree to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge unaysayou agree to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge unaydıhe agrees to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge unaybızwe agree to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge unaysızyou all agree to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge unaydılathey agree to make someone drive off livestock |
| agree to | mensürdürtürge unamaymaI refuse to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge unamaysayou refuse to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge unamaydıhe refuses to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge unamaybızwe refuse to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge unamaysızyou all refuse to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge unamaydılathey refuse to make someone drive off livestock |
| hurry to | mensürdürtürge aşığamaI am in a hurry to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge aşığasayou are in a hurry to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to make someone drive off livestock |
| hurry to | mensürdürtürge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to make someone drive off livestock |
| be afraid to | mensürdürtürge qorqamaI am afraid to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge qorqasayou are afraid to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge qorqadıhe is afraid to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge qorqabızwe are afraid to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge qorqasızyou all are afraid to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge qorqadılathey are afraid to make someone drive off livestock |
| be afraid to | mensürdürtürge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to make someone drive off livestock |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mensürdürte bolmazmaI can't be making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürte bolmazsayou can't be making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürte bolmazhe can't be making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürte bolmazbızwe can't be making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürte bolmazsızyou all can't be making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürte bolmazlathey can't be making someone drive off livestock |
| Inference, present — double negation | mensürdürtmey bolmazmaI must be making someone drive off livestock (emphatic) | sensürdürtmey bolmazsayou must be making someone drive off livestock (emphatic) | olsürdürtmey bolmazhe must be making someone drive off livestock (emphatic) | bizsürdürtmey bolmazbızwe must be making someone drive off livestock (emphatic) | sizsürdürtmey bolmazsızyou all must be making someone drive off livestock (emphatic) | alasürdürtmey bolmazlathey must be making someone drive off livestock (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mensürdürte turmasamif I don't keep making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürte turmasaŋif you don't keep making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürte turmasaif he doesn't keep making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürte turmasaqif we don't keep making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürte turmasağızif you all don't keep making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürte turmasalaif they don't keep making someone drive off livestock |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mensürdürte tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürte tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürte tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürte tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürte tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürte tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of making someone drive off livestock |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mensürdürtmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not making someone drive off livestock (emphatic) | sensürdürtmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not making someone drive off livestock (emphatic) | olsürdürtmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not making someone drive off livestock (emphatic) | bizsürdürtmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not making someone drive off livestock (emphatic) | sizsürdürtmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not making someone drive off livestock (emphatic) | alasürdürtmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not making someone drive off livestock (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mensürdürtmey turamaI keep on not making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmey turasayou keep on not making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmey turadıhe keeps on not making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmey turabızwe keep on not making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmey turasızyou all keep on not making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmey turadılathey keep on not making someone drive off livestock |
| Progressive — double negation | mensürdürtmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not making someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not making someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not making someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not making someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not making someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not making someone drive off livestock |
| Progressive — double negation | mensürdürtmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not making someone drive off livestock? | sensürdürtmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not making someone drive off livestock? | olsürdürtmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not making someone drive off livestock? | bizsürdürtmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not making someone drive off livestock? | sizsürdürtmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not making someone drive off livestock? | alasürdürtmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not making someone drive off livestock? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mensürdürtgen bolmazmaI can't have made someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtgen bolmazsayou can't have made someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtgen bolmazhe can't have made someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtgen bolmazbızwe can't have made someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtgen bolmazsızyou all can't have made someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtgen bolmazlathey can't have made someone drive off livestock |
| Inference — double negation | mensürdürtmegen bolmazmaI must have made someone drive off livestock (emphatic) | sensürdürtmegen bolmazsayou must have made someone drive off livestock (emphatic) | olsürdürtmegen bolmazhe must have made someone drive off livestock (emphatic) | bizsürdürtmegen bolmazbızwe must have made someone drive off livestock (emphatic) | sizsürdürtmegen bolmazsızyou all must have made someone drive off livestock (emphatic) | alasürdürtmegen bolmazlathey must have made someone drive off livestock (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mensürdürtgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had made someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had made someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had made someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had made someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had made someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had made someone drive off livestock |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mensürdürtmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't made someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't made someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't made someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't made someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't made someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't made someone drive off livestock |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mensürdürtürük bolmazmaI can't be going to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürük bolmazsayou can't be going to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürük bolmazhe can't be going to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürük bolmazbızwe can't be going to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürük bolmazsızyou all can't be going to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürük bolmazlathey can't be going to make someone drive off livestock |
| Inference, future — double negation | mensürdürtmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to make someone drive off livestock (emphatic) | sensürdürtmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to make someone drive off livestock (emphatic) | olsürdürtmezlik bolmazhe must be going to make someone drive off livestock (emphatic) | bizsürdürtmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to make someone drive off livestock (emphatic) | sizsürdürtmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to make someone drive off livestock (emphatic) | alasürdürtmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to make someone drive off livestock (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mensürdürtürük bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtürük bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtürük bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtürük bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtürük bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtürük bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to make someone drive off livestock |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mensürdürtmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to make someone drive off livestock | sensürdürtmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to make someone drive off livestock | olsürdürtmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to make someone drive off livestock | bizsürdürtmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to make someone drive off livestock | sizsürdürtmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to make someone drive off livestock | alasürdürtmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to make someone drive off livestock |