serguna
/serɡuna/ · plural sergunala
1. absent-minded, scatterbrained — Guzeev 1996–2005 marks it colloquial and Karachay, and refers it to ser.
- serguna jaş — an absent-minded boy
- ol bek sergunadı — he is very absent-minded
- Serguna bolma! — Don't be scatterbrained!
2. an absent-minded person, a scatterbrain; a gawker, a bungler
- ol bir sergunadı — he is a scatterbrain
- Bu serguna kimdi? — Who is this scatterbrain?
As an adjective
Degrees and persons
| Degree | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | sergunamaI am absent-minded | sergunasayou are absent-minded | sergunadıhe is absent-minded | sergunabızwe are absent-minded | sergunasızyou all are absent-minded | sergunadılathey are absent-minded |
| comparative — more | sergunaraqmaI am more absent-minded | sergunaraqsayou are more absent-minded | sergunaraqdıhe is more absent-minded | sergunaraqbızwe are more absent-minded | sergunaraqsızyou all are more absent-minded | sergunaraqdılathey are more absent-minded |
| intensifier — very | bek sergunamaI am very absent-minded | bek sergunasayou are very absent-minded | bek sergunadıhe is very absent-minded | bek sergunabızwe are very absent-minded | bek sergunasızyou all are very absent-minded | bek sergunadılathey are very absent-minded |
| superlative — most | em sergunamaI am the most absent-minded | em sergunasayou are the most absent-minded | em sergunadıhe is the most absent-minded | em sergunabızwe are the most absent-minded | em sergunasızyou all are the most absent-minded | em sergunadılathey are the most absent-minded |
To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden sergunadı — "compared to me, he is absent-minded."
Saying it about mine, yours, theirs
One thing
| Degree | menikimine | senikiyours | anıqıhis / hers | biznikiours | siznikiyours (pl.) | alanıqıtheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | meniki sergunadımine is absent-minded | seniki sergunadıyours is absent-minded | anıqı sergunadıhis is absent-minded | bizniki sergunadıours is absent-minded | sizniki sergunadıyours (pl.) is absent-minded | alanıqı sergunadıtheirs is absent-minded |
| comparative — more | meniki sergunaraqdımine is more absent-minded | seniki sergunaraqdıyours is more absent-minded | anıqı sergunaraqdıhis is more absent-minded | bizniki sergunaraqdıours is more absent-minded | sizniki sergunaraqdıyours (pl.) is more absent-minded | alanıqı sergunaraqdıtheirs is more absent-minded |
| intensifier — very | meniki bek sergunadımine is very absent-minded | seniki bek sergunadıyours is very absent-minded | anıqı bek sergunadıhis is very absent-minded | bizniki bek sergunadıours is very absent-minded | sizniki bek sergunadıyours (pl.) is very absent-minded | alanıqı bek sergunadıtheirs is very absent-minded |
| superlative — most | meniki em sergunadımine is the most absent-minded | seniki em sergunadıyours is the most absent-minded | anıqı em sergunadıhis is the most absent-minded | bizniki em sergunadıours is the most absent-minded | sizniki em sergunadıyours (pl.) is the most absent-minded | alanıqı em sergunadıtheirs is the most absent-minded |
Several things
| Degree | menikilemine | senikileyours | anıqılahis / hers | biznikileours | siznikileyours (pl.) | alanıqılatheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | menikile sergunadılamine are absent-minded | senikile sergunadılayours are absent-minded | anıqıla sergunadılahis are absent-minded | biznikile sergunadılaours are absent-minded | siznikile sergunadılayours (pl.) are absent-minded | alanıqıla sergunadılatheirs are absent-minded |
| comparative — more | menikile sergunaraqdılamine are more absent-minded | senikile sergunaraqdılayours are more absent-minded | anıqıla sergunaraqdılahis are more absent-minded | biznikile sergunaraqdılaours are more absent-minded | siznikile sergunaraqdılayours (pl.) are more absent-minded | alanıqıla sergunaraqdılatheirs are more absent-minded |
| intensifier — very | menikile bek sergunadılamine are very absent-minded | senikile bek sergunadılayours are very absent-minded | anıqıla bek sergunadılahis are very absent-minded | biznikile bek sergunadılaours are very absent-minded | siznikile bek sergunadılayours (pl.) are very absent-minded | alanıqıla bek sergunadılatheirs are very absent-minded |
| superlative — most | menikile em sergunadılamine are the most absent-minded | senikile em sergunadılayours are the most absent-minded | anıqıla em sergunadılahis are the most absent-minded | biznikile em sergunadılaours are the most absent-minded | siznikile em sergunadılayours (pl.) are the most absent-minded | alanıqıla em sergunadılatheirs are the most absent-minded |
Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu sergunadı, bıla sergunadıla. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".
As a noun
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | sergunathe scatterbrain | sergunammy scatterbrain | sergunaŋyour scatterbrain | sergunasıhis scatterbrain | sergunabızour scatterbrain | sergunağızyou all's scatterbrain | sergunalarıtheir scatterbrains |
| Genitive | sergunanıthe scatterbrain's | sergunamımy scatterbrain's | sergunaŋıyour scatterbrain's | sergunasınıhis scatterbrain's | sergunabıznıour scatterbrain's | sergunağıznıyou all's scatterbrain's | sergunalarınıtheir scatterbrains' |
| Accusative | sergunanıthe scatterbrain (as the object) | sergunamımy scatterbrain (as the object) | sergunaŋıyour scatterbrain (as the object) | sergunasınhis scatterbrain (as the object) | sergunabıznıour scatterbrain (as the object) | sergunağıznıyou all's scatterbrain (as the object) | sergunalarıntheir scatterbrains (as the object) |
| Dative | sergunağato the scatterbrain | sergunamato my scatterbrain | sergunaŋato your scatterbrain | sergunasınato his scatterbrain | sergunabızğato our scatterbrain | sergunağızğato you all's scatterbrain | sergunalarınato their scatterbrains |
| Locative | sergunadain / at the scatterbrain | sergunamdain / at my scatterbrain | sergunaŋdain / at your scatterbrain | sergunasındain / at his scatterbrain | sergunabızdain / at our scatterbrain | sergunağızdain / at you all's scatterbrain | sergunalarındain / at their scatterbrains |
| Ablative | sergunadanfrom the scatterbrain | sergunamdanfrom my scatterbrain | sergunaŋdanfrom your scatterbrain | sergunasındanfrom his scatterbrain | sergunabızdanfrom our scatterbrain | sergunağızdanfrom you all's scatterbrain | sergunalarındanfrom their scatterbrains |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | sergunalathe scatterbrains | sergunalarımmy scatterbrains | sergunalarıŋyour scatterbrains | sergunalarıhis scatterbrains | sergunalarıbızour scatterbrains | sergunalarığızyou all's scatterbrains | sergunalarıtheir scatterbrains |
| Genitive | sergunalanıthe scatterbrains' | sergunalarımımy scatterbrains' | sergunalarıŋıyour scatterbrains' | sergunalarınıhis scatterbrains' | sergunalarıbıznıour scatterbrains' | sergunalarığıznıyou all's scatterbrains' | sergunalarınıtheir scatterbrains' |
| Accusative | sergunalanıthe scatterbrains (as the object) | sergunalarımımy scatterbrains (as the object) | sergunalarıŋıyour scatterbrains (as the object) | sergunalarınhis scatterbrains (as the object) | sergunalarıbıznıour scatterbrains (as the object) | sergunalarığıznıyou all's scatterbrains (as the object) | sergunalarıntheir scatterbrains (as the object) |
| Dative | sergunalağato the scatterbrains | sergunalarımato my scatterbrains | sergunalarıŋato your scatterbrains | sergunalarınato his scatterbrains | sergunalarıbızğato our scatterbrains | sergunalarığızğato you all's scatterbrains | sergunalarınato their scatterbrains |
| Locative | sergunaladain / at the scatterbrains | sergunalarımdain / at my scatterbrains | sergunalarıŋdain / at your scatterbrains | sergunalarındain / at his scatterbrains | sergunalarıbızdain / at our scatterbrains | sergunalarığızdain / at you all's scatterbrains | sergunalarındain / at their scatterbrains |
| Ablative | sergunaladanfrom the scatterbrains | sergunalarımdanfrom my scatterbrains | sergunalarıŋdanfrom your scatterbrains | sergunalarındanfrom his scatterbrains | sergunalarıbızdanfrom our scatterbrains | sergunalarığızdanfrom you all's scatterbrains | sergunalarındanfrom their scatterbrains |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: sergunaları can mean "his / her scatterbrains", "their scatterbrain", or "their scatterbrains" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.