sawutlarğa
/sawutlarʁa/
arm, equip with weapons checked with native speakers
- askerçileni jaŋı sawutla bla sawutladıla — they armed the soldiers with new weapons
- askerni sawutlarğa kerekdi — it is necessary to arm the army
- ustaz jaşlanı bilim bla sawutlaydı — the teacher arms the young men with knowledge
Conjugation
Common forms
- sawutlaydıhe is arming
- sawutladıhe armed
- sawutlağandıhe has armed
- sawutlarhe will arm
- sawutlarıqdıhe is going to arm
- sawutlay edihe was arming
- sawutlasaif he arms
- sawutla!arm!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensawutlaymaI am arming | sensawutlaysayou are arming | olsawutlaydıhe is arming | bizsawutlaybızwe are arming | sizsawutlaysızyou all are arming | alasawutlaydılathey are arming |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensawutlamaymaI am not arming | sensawutlamaysayou are not arming | olsawutlamaydıhe is not arming | bizsawutlamaybızwe are not arming | sizsawutlamaysızyou all are not arming | alasawutlamaydılathey are not arming |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensawutlaymamı? sawutlaymıma?am I arming? | sensawutlaymısa?are you arming? | olsawutlaymıdı?is he arming? | bizsawutlaybızmı? sawutlaymıbız?are we arming? | sizsawutlaymısız?are you all arming? | alasawutlaymıdıla?are they arming? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensawutlamaymamı? sawutlamaymıma?aren't I arming? | sensawutlamaymısa?aren't you arming? | olsawutlamaymıdı?isn't he arming? | bizsawutlamaybızmı? sawutlamaymıbız?aren't we arming? | sizsawutlamaymısız?aren't you all arming? | alasawutlamaymıdıla?aren't they arming? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensawutlawçanmaI usually arm | sensawutlawçansayou usually arm | olsawutlawçandıhe usually arms | bizsawutlawçanbızwe usually arm | sizsawutlawçansızyou all usually arm | alasawutlawçandılathey usually arm |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensawutlamawçanmaI usually don't arm | sensawutlamawçansayou usually don't arm | olsawutlamawçandıhe usually doesn't arm | bizsawutlamawçanbızwe usually don't arm | sizsawutlamawçansızyou all usually don't arm | alasawutlamawçandılathey usually don't arm |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensawutlawçanmamı? sawutlawçanmıma?do I usually arm? | sensawutlawçanmısa?do you usually arm? | olsawutlawçanmıdı?does he usually arm? | bizsawutlawçanbızmı? sawutlawçanmıbız?do we usually arm? | sizsawutlawçanmısız?do you all usually arm? | alasawutlawçanmıdıla?do they usually arm? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensawutlamawçanmamı? sawutlamawçanmıma?do I usually not arm? | sensawutlamawçanmısa?do you usually not arm? | olsawutlamawçanmıdı?does he usually not arm? | bizsawutlamawçanbızmı? sawutlamawçanmıbız?do we usually not arm? | sizsawutlamawçanmısız?do you all usually not arm? | alasawutlamawçanmıdıla?do they usually not arm? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsawutlabdıhe has armed and remains so | alasawutlabdılathey have armed and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsawutlabmıdı?has he armed? | alasawutlabmıdıla?have they armed? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensawutlab turamaI keep arming | sensawutlab turasayou keep arming | olsawutlab turadıhe keeps arming | bizsawutlab turabızwe keep arming | sizsawutlab turasızyou all keep arming | alasawutlab turadılathey keep arming |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensawutlab turmaymaI don't keep arming | sensawutlab turmaysayou don't keep arming | olsawutlab turmaydıhe doesn't keep arming | bizsawutlab turmaybızwe don't keep arming | sizsawutlab turmaysızyou all don't keep arming | alasawutlab turmaydılathey don't keep arming |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensawutlab turamamı? sawutlab turamıma?do I keep arming? | sensawutlab turamısa?do you keep arming? | olsawutlab turamıdı?does he keep arming? | bizsawutlab turabızmı? sawutlab turamıbız?do we keep arming? | sizsawutlab turamısız?do you all keep arming? | alasawutlab turamıdıla?do they keep arming? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensawutlab turmaymamı? sawutlab turmaymıma?don't I keep arming? | sensawutlab turmaymısa?don't you keep arming? | olsawutlab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep arming? | bizsawutlab turmaybızmı? sawutlab turmaymıbız?don't we keep arming? | sizsawutlab turmaymısız?don't you all keep arming? | alasawutlab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep arming? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensawutlay turamaI am in the middle of arming | sensawutlay turasayou are in the middle of arming | olsawutlay turadıhe is in the middle of arming | bizsawutlay turabızwe are in the middle of arming | sizsawutlay turasızyou all are in the middle of arming | alasawutlay turadılathey are in the middle of arming |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensawutlay turmaymaI am not in the middle of arming | sensawutlay turmaysayou are not in the middle of arming | olsawutlay turmaydıhe is not in the middle of arming | bizsawutlay turmaybızwe are not in the middle of arming | sizsawutlay turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of arming | alasawutlay turmaydılathey are not in the middle of arming |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensawutlay turamamı? sawutlay turamıma?am I in the middle of arming? | sensawutlay turamısa?are you in the middle of arming? | olsawutlay turamıdı?is he in the middle of arming? | bizsawutlay turabızmı? sawutlay turamıbız?are we in the middle of arming? | sizsawutlay turamısız?are you all in the middle of arming? | alasawutlay turamıdıla?are they in the middle of arming? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensawutlay turmaymamı? sawutlay turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of arming? | sensawutlay turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of arming? | olsawutlay turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of arming? | bizsawutlay turmaybızmı? sawutlay turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of arming? | sizsawutlay turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of arming? | alasawutlay turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of arming? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensawutladımI armed | sensawutladıŋyou armed | olsawutladıhe armed | bizsawutladıqwe armed | sizsawutladığızyou all armed | alasawutladılathey armed |
| Simple past (definite) | mensawutlamadımI didn't arm | sensawutlamadıŋyou didn't arm | olsawutlamadıhe didn't arm | bizsawutlamadıqwe didn't arm | sizsawutlamadığızyou all didn't arm | alasawutlamadılathey didn't arm |
| Simple past (definite) | mensawutladımmı?did I arm? | sensawutladıŋmı?did you arm? | olsawutladımı?did he arm? | bizsawutladıqmı?did we arm? | sizsawutladığızmı?did you all arm? | alasawutladılamı?did they arm? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensawutlamadımmı?didn't I arm? | sensawutlamadıŋmı?didn't you arm? | olsawutlamadımı?didn't he arm? | bizsawutlamadıqmı?didn't we arm? | sizsawutlamadığızmı?didn't you all arm? | alasawutlamadılamı?didn't they arm? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensawutlağanmaI have armed | sensawutlağansayou have armed | olsawutlağandıhe has armed | bizsawutlağanbızwe have armed | sizsawutlağansızyou all have armed | alasawutlağandılathey have armed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensawutlamağanmaI haven't armed | sensawutlamağansayou haven't armed | olsawutlamağandıhe hasn't armed | bizsawutlamağanbızwe haven't armed | sizsawutlamağansızyou all haven't armed | alasawutlamağandılathey haven't armed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensawutlağanmamı? sawutlağanmıma?have I armed? | sensawutlağanmısa?have you armed? | olsawutlağanmıdı?has he armed? | bizsawutlağanbızmı? sawutlağanmıbız?have we armed? | sizsawutlağanmısız?have you all armed? | alasawutlağanmıdıla?have they armed? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensawutlamağanmamı? sawutlamağanmıma?haven't I armed? | sensawutlamağanmısa?haven't you armed? | olsawutlamağanmıdı?hasn't he armed? | bizsawutlamağanbızmı? sawutlamağanmıbız?haven't we armed? | sizsawutlamağanmısız?haven't you all armed? | alasawutlamağanmıdıla?haven't they armed? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensawutlab turdumI kept arming | sensawutlab turduŋyou kept arming | olsawutlab turduhe kept arming | bizsawutlab turduqwe kept arming | sizsawutlab turduğuzyou all kept arming | alasawutlab turdulathey kept arming |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensawutlab turmadımI didn't keep arming | sensawutlab turmadıŋyou didn't keep arming | olsawutlab turmadıhe didn't keep arming | bizsawutlab turmadıqwe didn't keep arming | sizsawutlab turmadığızyou all didn't keep arming | alasawutlab turmadılathey didn't keep arming |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensawutlarmaI will arm | sensawutlarsayou will arm | olsawutlarhe will arm | bizsawutlarbızwe will arm | sizsawutlarsızyou all will arm | alasawutlarlathey will arm |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensawutlamazmaI won't arm | sensawutlamazsayou won't arm | olsawutlamazhe won't arm | bizsawutlamazbızwe won't arm | sizsawutlamazsızyou all won't arm | alasawutlamazlathey won't arm |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensawutlarmamı? sawutlarmıma?will I arm? | sensawutlarmısa?will you arm? | olsawutlarmı?will he arm? | bizsawutlarbızmı? sawutlarmıbız?will we arm? | sizsawutlarmısız?will you all arm? | alasawutlarlamı? sawutlarmıla?will they arm? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensawutlamazmamı? sawutlamazmıma?won't I arm? | sensawutlamazmısa?won't you arm? | olsawutlamazmı?won't he arm? | bizsawutlamazbızmı? sawutlamazmıbız?won't we arm? | sizsawutlamazmısız?won't you all arm? | alasawutlamazlamı? sawutlamazmıla?won't they arm? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensawutlarıqmaI am going to arm | sensawutlarıqsayou are going to arm | olsawutlarıqdıhe is going to arm | bizsawutlarıqbızwe are going to arm | sizsawutlarıqsızyou all are going to arm | alasawutlarıqdılathey are going to arm |
| Definite future (future II) | mensawutlarıq tülmeI am not going to arm | sensawutlarıq tülseyou are not going to arm | olsawutlarıq tüldühe is not going to arm | bizsawutlarıq tülbüzwe are not going to arm | sizsawutlarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to arm | alasawutlarıq tüldülethey are not going to arm |
| Definite future (future II) | mensawutlarıqmamı? sawutlarıqmıma?am I going to arm? | sensawutlarıqmısa?are you going to arm? | olsawutlarıqmıdı?is he going to arm? | bizsawutlarıqbızmı? sawutlarıqmıbız?are we going to arm? | sizsawutlarıqmısız?are you all going to arm? | alasawutlarıqmıdıla?are they going to arm? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensawutlarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to arm? | sensawutlarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to arm? | olsawutlarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to arm? | bizsawutlarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to arm? | sizsawutlarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to arm? | alasawutlarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to arm? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensawutlağan edimsawutlağanemI had armed | sensawutlağan ediŋsawutlağaneŋyou had armed | olsawutlağan edisawutlağanedhe had armed | bizsawutlağan ediksawutlağanekwe had armed | sizsawutlağan edigizsawutlağanegizyou all had armed | alasawutlağan edilesawutlağanellethey had armed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensawutlamağan edimsawutlamağanemI hadn't armed | sensawutlamağan ediŋsawutlamağaneŋyou hadn't armed | olsawutlamağan edisawutlamağanedhe hadn't armed | bizsawutlamağan ediksawutlamağanekwe hadn't armed | sizsawutlamağan edigizsawutlamağanegizyou all hadn't armed | alasawutlamağan edilesawutlamağanellethey hadn't armed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensawutlay edimsawutlayemI was arming | sensawutlay ediŋsawutlayeŋyou were arming | olsawutlay edisawutlayedhe was arming | bizsawutlay ediksawutlayekwe were arming | sizsawutlay edigizsawutlayegizyou all were arming | alasawutlay edilesawutlayellethey were arming |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensawutlamay edimsawutlamayemI wasn't arming | sensawutlamay ediŋsawutlamayeŋyou weren't arming | olsawutlamay edisawutlamayedhe wasn't arming | bizsawutlamay ediksawutlamayekwe weren't arming | sizsawutlamay edigizsawutlamayegizyou all weren't arming | alasawutlamay edilesawutlamayellethey weren't arming |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mensawutlawçan edimsawutlawçanemI used to arm | sensawutlawçan ediŋsawutlawçaneŋyou used to arm | olsawutlawçan edisawutlawçanedhe used to arm | bizsawutlawçan ediksawutlawçanekwe used to arm | sizsawutlawçan edigizsawutlawçanegizyou all used to arm | alasawutlawçan edilesawutlawçanellethey used to arm |
| Habitual past (used to) | mensawutlamawçan edimsawutlamawçanemI didn't use to arm | sensawutlamawçan ediŋsawutlamawçaneŋyou didn't use to arm | olsawutlamawçan edisawutlamawçanedhe didn't use to arm | bizsawutlamawçan ediksawutlamawçanekwe didn't use to arm | sizsawutlamawçan edigizsawutlamawçanegizyou all didn't use to arm | alasawutlamawçan edilesawutlamawçanellethey didn't use to arm |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsawutlab edihe had armed and remained so | alasawutlab edilethey had armed and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsawutlab tül edihe hadn't armed | alasawutlab tül edilethey hadn't armed | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensawutlab tura edimsawutlab turaemI had kept arming | sensawutlab tura ediŋsawutlab turaeŋyou had kept arming | olsawutlab tura edisawutlab turaedhe had kept arming | bizsawutlab tura ediksawutlab turaekwe had kept arming | sizsawutlab tura edigizsawutlab turaegizyou all had kept arming | alasawutlab tura edilesawutlab turaellethey had kept arming |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensawutlab turmay edimsawutlab turmayemI hadn't kept arming | sensawutlab turmay ediŋsawutlab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept arming | olsawutlab turmay edisawutlab turmayedhe hadn't kept arming | bizsawutlab turmay ediksawutlab turmayekwe hadn't kept arming | sizsawutlab turmay edigizsawutlab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept arming | alasawutlab turmay edilesawutlab turmayellethey hadn't kept arming |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensawutlay tura edimsawutlay turaemI was in the middle of arming | sensawutlay tura ediŋsawutlay turaeŋyou were in the middle of arming | olsawutlay tura edisawutlay turaedhe was in the middle of arming | bizsawutlay tura ediksawutlay turaekwe were in the middle of arming | sizsawutlay tura edigizsawutlay turaegizyou all were in the middle of arming | alasawutlay tura edilesawutlay turaellethey were in the middle of arming |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensawutlay turmay edimsawutlay turmayemI wasn't in the middle of arming | sensawutlay turmay ediŋsawutlay turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of arming | olsawutlay turmay edisawutlay turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of arming | bizsawutlay turmay ediksawutlay turmayekwe weren't in the middle of arming | sizsawutlay turmay edigizsawutlay turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of arming | alasawutlay turmay edilesawutlay turmayellethey weren't in the middle of arming |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mensawutlar edimsawutlar emI would arm | sensawutlar ediŋsawutlar eŋyou would arm | olsawutlar edisawutlar edhe would arm | bizsawutlar ediksawutlar ekwe would arm | sizsawutlar edigizsawutlar egizyou all would arm | alasawutlar edilesawutlar ellethey would arm |
| Conditional result (would) | mensawutlamaz edimsawutlamaz emI wouldn't arm | sensawutlamaz ediŋsawutlamaz eŋyou wouldn't arm | olsawutlamaz edisawutlamaz edhe wouldn't arm | bizsawutlamaz ediksawutlamaz ekwe wouldn't arm | sizsawutlamaz edigizsawutlamaz egizyou all wouldn't arm | alasawutlamaz edilesawutlamaz ellethey wouldn't arm |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensawutlarıq edimsawutlarıq emI would have armed | sensawutlarıq ediŋsawutlarıq eŋyou would have armed | olsawutlarıq edisawutlarıq edhe would have armed | bizsawutlarıq ediksawutlarıq ekwe would have armed | sizsawutlarıq edigizsawutlarıq egizyou all would have armed | alasawutlarıq edilesawutlarıq ellethey would have armed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensawutlarıq tül edimsawutlarıq tül emI wouldn't have armed | sensawutlarıq tül ediŋsawutlarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have armed | olsawutlarıq tül edisawutlarıq tül edhe wouldn't have armed | bizsawutlarıq tül ediksawutlarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have armed | sizsawutlarıq tül edigizsawutlarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have armed | alasawutlarıq tül edilesawutlarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have armed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mensawutlasamif I arm | sensawutlasaŋif you arm | olsawutlasaif he arms | bizsawutlasaqif we arm | sizsawutlasağızif you all arm | alasawutlasalaif they arm |
| Conditional | mensawutlamasamif I don't arm | sensawutlamasaŋif you don't arm | olsawutlamasaif he doesn't arm | bizsawutlamasaqif we don't arm | sizsawutlamasağızif you all don't arm | alasawutlamasalaif they don't arm |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mensawutlay esemif I am arming | sensawutlay eseŋif you are arming | olsawutlay eseif he is arming | bizsawutlay esekif we are arming | sizsawutlay esegizif you all are arming | alasawutlay eseleif they are arming |
| Conditional, present real | mensawutlamay esemif I am not arming | sensawutlamay eseŋif you are not arming | olsawutlamay eseif he is not arming | bizsawutlamay esekif we are not arming | sizsawutlamay esegizif you all are not arming | alasawutlamay eseleif they are not arming |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensawutlasam edisawutlasam edif only I armed | sensawutlasaŋ edisawutlasaŋ edif only you armed | olsawutlasa edisawutlasaedif only he armed | bizsawutlasaq edisawutlasaq edif only we armed | sizsawutlasağız edisawutlasağız edif only you all armed | alasawutlasala edisawutlasalaedif only they armed |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensawutlamasam edisawutlamasam edif only I didn't arm | sensawutlamasaŋ edisawutlamasaŋ edif only you didn't arm | olsawutlamasa edisawutlamasaedif only he didn't arm | bizsawutlamasaq edisawutlamasaq edif only we didn't arm | sizsawutlamasağız edisawutlamasağız edif only you all didn't arm | alasawutlamasala edisawutlamasalaedif only they didn't arm |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mensawutlab tursamif I carry on arming | sensawutlab tursaŋif you carry on arming | olsawutlab tursaif he carries on arming | bizsawutlab tursaqif we carry on arming | sizsawutlab tursağızif you all carry on arming | alasawutlab tursalaif they carry on arming |
| Durative conditional | mensawutlab turmasamif I don't carry on arming | sensawutlab turmasaŋif you don't carry on arming | olsawutlab turmasaif he doesn't carry on arming | bizsawutlab turmasaqif we don't carry on arming | sizsawutlab turmasağızif you all don't carry on arming | alasawutlab turmasalaif they don't carry on arming |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mensawutlab tura esemif I have kept arming | sensawutlab tura eseŋif you have kept arming | olsawutlab tura eseif he has kept arming | bizsawutlab tura esekif we have kept arming | sizsawutlab tura esegizif you all have kept arming | alasawutlab tura eseleif they have kept arming |
| Durative conditional, present real | mensawutlab turmay esemif I haven't kept arming | sensawutlab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept arming | olsawutlab turmay eseif he hasn't kept arming | bizsawutlab turmay esekif we haven't kept arming | sizsawutlab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept arming | alasawutlab turmay eseleif they haven't kept arming |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mensawutlay tursamif I keep arming | sensawutlay tursaŋif you keep arming | olsawutlay tursaif he keeps arming | bizsawutlay tursaqif we keep arming | sizsawutlay tursağızif you all keep arming | alasawutlay tursalaif they keep arming |
| Progressive conditional | mensawutlamay tursamif I keep on not arming | sensawutlamay tursaŋif you keep on not arming | olsawutlamay tursaif he keeps on not arming | bizsawutlamay tursaqif we keep on not arming | sizsawutlamay tursağızif you all keep on not arming | alasawutlamay tursalaif they keep on not arming |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensawutlay tura esemif I am in the middle of arming | sensawutlay tura eseŋif you are in the middle of arming | olsawutlay tura eseif he is in the middle of arming | bizsawutlay tura esekif we are in the middle of arming | sizsawutlay tura esegizif you all are in the middle of arming | alasawutlay tura eseleif they are in the middle of arming |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensawutlamay tura esemif I keep on not arming | sensawutlamay tura eseŋif you keep on not arming | olsawutlamay tura eseif he keeps on not arming | bizsawutlamay tura esekif we keep on not arming | sizsawutlamay tura esegizif you all keep on not arming | alasawutlamay tura eseleif they keep on not arming |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensawutladım esemif I armed | sensawutladıŋ eseŋif you armed | olsawutladı eseif he armed | bizsawutladıq esekif we armed | sizsawutladığız esegizif you all armed | alasawutladıla eseleif they armed |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensawutlamadım esemif I didn't arm | sensawutlamadıŋ eseŋif you didn't arm | olsawutlamadı eseif he didn't arm | bizsawutlamadıq esekif we didn't arm | sizsawutlamadığız esegizif you all didn't arm | alasawutlamadıla eseleif they didn't arm |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mensawutlağan esemif I did arm (indeed) | sensawutlağan eseŋif you did arm (indeed) | olsawutlağan eseif he did arm (indeed) | bizsawutlağan esekif we did arm (indeed) | sizsawutlağan esegizif you all did arm (indeed) | alasawutlağan eseleif they did arm (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mensawutlamağan esemif I didn't arm (indeed) | sensawutlamağan eseŋif you didn't arm (indeed) | olsawutlamağan eseif he didn't arm (indeed) | bizsawutlamağan esekif we didn't arm (indeed) | sizsawutlamağan esegizif you all didn't arm (indeed) | alasawutlamağan eseleif they didn't arm (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensawutlağan bolsamif I had armed | sensawutlağan bolsaŋif you had armed | olsawutlağan bolsaif he had armed | bizsawutlağan bolsaqif we had armed | sizsawutlağan bolsağızif you all had armed | alasawutlağan bolsalaif they had armed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensawutlamağan bolsamif I hadn't armed | sensawutlamağan bolsaŋif you hadn't armed | olsawutlamağan bolsaif he hadn't armed | bizsawutlamağan bolsaqif we hadn't armed | sizsawutlamağan bolsağızif you all hadn't armed | alasawutlamağan bolsalaif they hadn't armed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensawutlağan bolsam edisawutlağan bolsam edif only I had armed | sensawutlağan bolsaŋ edisawutlağan bolsaŋ edif only you had armed | olsawutlağan bolsa edisawutlağan bolsaedif only he had armed | bizsawutlağan bolsaq edisawutlağan bolsaq edif only we had armed | sizsawutlağan bolsağız edisawutlağan bolsağız edif only you all had armed | alasawutlağan bolsala edisawutlağan bolsalaedif only they had armed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensawutlamağan bolsam edisawutlamağan bolsam edif only I hadn't armed | sensawutlamağan bolsaŋ edisawutlamağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't armed | olsawutlamağan bolsa edisawutlamağan bolsaedif only he hadn't armed | bizsawutlamağan bolsaq edisawutlamağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't armed | sizsawutlamağan bolsağız edisawutlamağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't armed | alasawutlamağan bolsala edisawutlamağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't armed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mensawutlar esemif I will arm | sensawutlar eseŋif you will arm | olsawutlar eseif he will arm | bizsawutlar esekif we will arm | sizsawutlar esegizif you all will arm | alasawutlar eseleif they will arm |
| Conditional, aorist | mensawutlamaz esemif I won't arm | sensawutlamaz eseŋif you won't arm | olsawutlamaz eseif he won't arm | bizsawutlamaz esekif we won't arm | sizsawutlamaz esegizif you all won't arm | alasawutlamaz eseleif they won't arm |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mensawutlarıq esemif I am going to arm | sensawutlarıq eseŋif you are going to arm | olsawutlarıq eseif he is going to arm | bizsawutlarıq esekif we are going to arm | sizsawutlarıq esegizif you all are going to arm | alasawutlarıq eseleif they are going to arm |
| Conditional, future | mensawutlarıq tül esemif I am not going to arm | sensawutlarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to arm | olsawutlarıq tül eseif he is not going to arm | bizsawutlarıq tül esekif we are not going to arm | sizsawutlarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to arm | alasawutlarıq tül eseleif they are not going to arm |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensawutlarıq bolsamif I were going to arm | sensawutlarıq bolsaŋif you were going to arm | olsawutlarıq bolsaif he were going to arm | bizsawutlarıq bolsaqif we were going to arm | sizsawutlarıq bolsağızif you all were going to arm | alasawutlarıq bolsalaif they were going to arm |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensawutlamazlıq bolsamif I were not going to arm | sensawutlamazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to arm | olsawutlamazlıq bolsaif he were not going to arm | bizsawutlamazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to arm | sizsawutlamazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to arm | alasawutlamazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to arm |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso sawutladıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensawutlay bolurmaI must be arming | sensawutlay bolursayou must be arming | olsawutlay bolurhe must be arming | bizsawutlay bolurbuzwe must be arming | sizsawutlay bolursuzyou all must be arming | alasawutlay bolurlathey must be arming |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensawutlamay bolurmaI must not be arming | sensawutlamay bolursayou must not be arming | olsawutlamay bolurhe must not be arming | bizsawutlamay bolurbuzwe must not be arming | sizsawutlamay bolursuzyou all must not be arming | alasawutlamay bolurlathey must not be arming |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensawutlay tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of arming | sensawutlay tura bolursayou must be in the middle of arming | olsawutlay tura bolurhe must be in the middle of arming | bizsawutlay tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of arming | sizsawutlay tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of arming | alasawutlay tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of arming |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensawutlamay tura bolurmaI must keep on not arming | sensawutlamay tura bolursayou must keep on not arming | olsawutlamay tura bolurhe must keep on not arming | bizsawutlamay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not arming | sizsawutlamay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not arming | alasawutlamay tura bolurlathey must keep on not arming |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mensawutlağan bolurmaI must have armed | sensawutlağan bolursayou must have armed | olsawutlağan bolurhe must have armed | bizsawutlağan bolurbuzwe must have armed | sizsawutlağan bolursuzyou all must have armed | alasawutlağan bolurlathey must have armed |
| Inference (must have) | mensawutlamağan bolurmaI must not have armed | sensawutlamağan bolursayou must not have armed | olsawutlamağan bolurhe must not have armed | bizsawutlamağan bolurbuzwe must not have armed | sizsawutlamağan bolursuzyou all must not have armed | alasawutlamağan bolurlathey must not have armed |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensawutlarıq bolurmaI must be going to arm | sensawutlarıq bolursayou must be going to arm | olsawutlarıq bolurhe must be going to arm | bizsawutlarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to arm | sizsawutlarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to arm | alasawutlarıq bolurlathey must be going to arm |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensawutlamazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to arm | sensawutlamazlıq bolursayou must not be going to arm | olsawutlamazlıq bolurhe must not be going to arm | bizsawutlamazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to arm | sizsawutlamazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to arm | alasawutlamazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to arm |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mensawutlayımlet me arm | sensawutla!arm! | olsawutlasınlet him arm | bizsawutlayıqlet's arm | sizsawutlağız!arm, you all! | alasawutlasınlalet them arm |
| Commands & suggestions | mensawutlamayımlet me not arm | sensawutlama!don't arm! | olsawutlamasınlet him not arm | bizsawutlamayıqlet's not arm | sizsawutlamağız!don't arm, you all! | alasawutlamasınlalet them not arm |
| Commands & suggestions | mensawutlayımmı?shall I arm? | olsawutlasınmı?should he arm? | bizsawutlayıqmı?shall we arm? | alasawutlasınlamı?should they arm? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mensawutlamayımmı?shall I not arm? | olsawutlamasınmı?should he not arm? | bizsawutlamayıqmı?shall we not arm? | alasawutlamasınlamı?should they not arm? | ||
| Requests | sensawutlaçı2sawutlaçınplease arm | olsawutlasınçıdo let him arm | sizsawutlaçığızplease arm (plural/polite) | alasawutlasınlaçıdo let them arm | ||
| Requests | sensawutlamaçı2sawutlamaçınplease don't arm | olsawutlamasınçıdo let him not arm | sizsawutlamaçığızplease don't arm (plural/polite) | alasawutlamasınlaçıdo let them not arm | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensawutlağınsawutlağımay you arm | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensawutlamağınsawutlamağımay you not arm | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensawutlağay edim sawutlağa edimwould that I armed | sensawutlağay ediŋ sawutlağa ediŋwould that you armed | olsawutlağay edi sawutlağa ediwould that he armed | bizsawutlağay edik sawutlağa edikwould that we armed | sizsawutlağay edigiz sawutlağa edigizwould that you all armed | alasawutlağay edile sawutlağa edilewould that they armed |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensawutlamağay edim sawutlamağa edimwould that I did not arm | sensawutlamağay ediŋ sawutlamağa ediŋwould that you did not arm | olsawutlamağay edi sawutlamağa ediwould that he did not arm | bizsawutlamağay edik sawutlamağa edikwould that we did not arm | sizsawutlamağay edigiz sawutlamağa edigizwould that you all did not arm | alasawutlamağay edile sawutlamağa edilewould that they did not arm |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensawutlamağa qoyayımsawutlama qoyayımlet me allow someone to arm | sensawutlamağa qoy!sawutlama qoy!let someone arm! | olsawutlamağa qoysunsawutlama qoysunlet him allow someone to arm | bizsawutlamağa qoyayıqsawutlama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to arm | sizsawutlamağa qoyuğuz!sawutlama qoyuğuz!let someone arm, you all! | alasawutlamağa qoysunlasawutlama qoysunlalet them allow someone to arm |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensawutlamağa qoymayımsawutlama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to arm | sensawutlamağa qoyma!sawutlama qoyma!don't let someone arm! | olsawutlamağa qoymasınsawutlama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to arm | bizsawutlamağa qoymayıqsawutlama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to arm | sizsawutlamağa qoymağız!sawutlama qoymağız!don't let someone arm, you all! | alasawutlamağa qoymasınlasawutlama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to arm |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensawutlamağa qoyayımmı?sawutlama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to arm? | olsawutlamağa qoysunmu?sawutlama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to arm? | bizsawutlamağa qoyayıqmı?sawutlama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to arm? | alasawutlamağa qoysunlamı?sawutlama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to arm? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensawutlamağa qoymayımmı?sawutlama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to arm? | olsawutlamağa qoymasınmı?sawutlama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to arm? | bizsawutlamağa qoymayıqmı?sawutlama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to arm? | alasawutlamağa qoymasınlamı?sawutlama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to arm? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mensawutlamağa qoyamasawutlama qoyamaI allow someone to arm | sensawutlamağa qoyasasawutlama qoyasayou allow someone to arm | olsawutlamağa qoyadısawutlama qoyadıhe allows someone to arm | bizsawutlamağa qoyabızsawutlama qoyabızwe allow someone to arm | sizsawutlamağa qoyasızsawutlama qoyasızyou all allow someone to arm | alasawutlamağa qoyadılasawutlama qoyadılathey allow someone to arm |
| Let someone… (present) | mensawutlamağa qoymaymasawutlama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to arm | sensawutlamağa qoymaysasawutlama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to arm | olsawutlamağa qoymaydısawutlama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to arm | bizsawutlamağa qoymaybızsawutlama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to arm | sizsawutlamağa qoymaysızsawutlama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to arm | alasawutlamağa qoymaydılasawutlama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to arm |
| Let someone… (present) | mensawutlamağa qoyamamı?sawutlama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to arm? | sensawutlamağa qoyamısa?sawutlama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to arm? | olsawutlamağa qoyamıdı?sawutlama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to arm? | bizsawutlamağa qoyabızmı?sawutlama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to arm? | sizsawutlamağa qoyamısız?sawutlama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to arm? | alasawutlamağa qoyamıdıla?sawutlama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to arm? |
| Let someone… (present) | mensawutlamağa qoymaymamı?sawutlama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to arm? | sensawutlamağa qoymaymısa?sawutlama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to arm? | olsawutlamağa qoymaymıdı?sawutlama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to arm? | bizsawutlamağa qoymaybızmı?sawutlama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to arm? | sizsawutlamağa qoymaymısız?sawutlama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to arm? | alasawutlamağa qoymaymıdıla?sawutlama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to arm? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensawutlamağa qoydumsawutlama qoydumI allowed someone to arm | sensawutlamağa qoyduŋsawutlama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to arm | olsawutlamağa qoydusawutlama qoyduhe allowed someone to arm | bizsawutlamağa qoyduqsawutlama qoyduqwe allowed someone to arm | sizsawutlamağa qoyduğuzsawutlama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to arm | alasawutlamağa qoydulasawutlama qoydulathey allowed someone to arm |
| Let someone… (past) | mensawutlamağa qoymadımsawutlama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to arm | sensawutlamağa qoymadıŋsawutlama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to arm | olsawutlamağa qoymadısawutlama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to arm | bizsawutlamağa qoymadıqsawutlama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to arm | sizsawutlamağa qoymadığızsawutlama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to arm | alasawutlamağa qoymadılasawutlama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to arm |
| Let someone… (past) | mensawutlamağa qoydummu?sawutlama qoydummu?did I allow someone to arm? | sensawutlamağa qoyduŋmu?sawutlama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to arm? | olsawutlamağa qoydumu?sawutlama qoydumu?did he allow someone to arm? | bizsawutlamağa qoyduqmu?sawutlama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to arm? | sizsawutlamağa qoyduğuzmu?sawutlama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to arm? | alasawutlamağa qoydulamı?sawutlama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to arm? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensawutlamağa qoymadımmı?sawutlama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to arm? | sensawutlamağa qoymadıŋmı?sawutlama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to arm? | olsawutlamağa qoymadımı?sawutlama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to arm? | bizsawutlamağa qoymadıqmı?sawutlama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to arm? | sizsawutlamağa qoymadığızmı?sawutlama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to arm? | alasawutlamağa qoymadılamı?sawutlama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to arm? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
sawutlayalırğa be able to arm · sawutlayalmazğa be unable to arm
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mensawutlayalamaI can arm | sensawutlayalasayou can arm | olsawutlayaladıhe can arm | bizsawutlayalabızwe can arm | sizsawutlayalasızyou all can arm | alasawutlayaladılathey can arm |
| Ability — present | mensawutlayalmaymaI can't arm | sensawutlayalmaysayou can't arm | olsawutlayalmaydıhe can't arm | bizsawutlayalmaybızwe can't arm | sizsawutlayalmaysızyou all can't arm | alasawutlayalmaydılathey can't arm |
| Ability — present | mensawutlayalamamı? sawutlayalamıma?can I arm? | sensawutlayalamısa?can you arm? | olsawutlayalamıdı?can he arm? | bizsawutlayalabızmı? sawutlayalamıbız?can we arm? | sizsawutlayalamısız?can you all arm? | alasawutlayalamıdıla?can they arm? |
| Ability — present | mensawutlayalmaymamı? sawutlayalmaymıma?can't I arm? | sensawutlayalmaymısa?can't you arm? | olsawutlayalmaymıdı?can't he arm? | bizsawutlayalmaybızmı? sawutlayalmaymıbız?can't we arm? | sizsawutlayalmaymısız?can't you all arm? | alasawutlayalmaymıdıla?can't they arm? |
| Ability — if I can… | mensawutlayalsamif I can arm | sensawutlayalsaŋif you can arm | olsawutlayalsaif he can arm | bizsawutlayalsaqif we can arm | sizsawutlayalsağızif you all can arm | alasawutlayalsalaif they can arm |
| Ability — if I can… | mensawutlayalmasamif I can't arm | sensawutlayalmasaŋif you can't arm | olsawutlayalmasaif he can't arm | bizsawutlayalmasaqif we can't arm | sizsawutlayalmasağızif you all can't arm | alasawutlayalmasalaif they can't arm |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mensawutlayaldımI was able to arm | sensawutlayaldıŋyou were able to arm | olsawutlayaldıhe was able to arm | bizsawutlayaldıqwe were able to arm | sizsawutlayaldığızyou all were able to arm | alasawutlayaldılathey were able to arm |
| Ability — simple past | mensawutlayalmadımI could not arm | sensawutlayalmadıŋyou could not arm | olsawutlayalmadıhe could not arm | bizsawutlayalmadıqwe could not arm | sizsawutlayalmadığızyou all could not arm | alasawutlayalmadılathey could not arm |
| Ability — simple past | mensawutlayaldımmı?was I able to arm? | sensawutlayaldıŋmı?were you able to arm? | olsawutlayaldımı?was he able to arm? | bizsawutlayaldıqmı?were we able to arm? | sizsawutlayaldığızmı?were you all able to arm? | alasawutlayaldılamı?were they able to arm? |
| Ability — simple past | mensawutlayalmadımmı?couldn't I arm? | sensawutlayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you arm? | olsawutlayalmadımı?couldn't he arm? | bizsawutlayalmadıqmı?couldn't we arm? | sizsawutlayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all arm? | alasawutlayalmadılamı?couldn't they arm? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensawutlayalğanmaI have been able to arm | sensawutlayalğansayou have been able to arm | olsawutlayalğandıhe has been able to arm | bizsawutlayalğanbızwe have been able to arm | sizsawutlayalğansızyou all have been able to arm | alasawutlayalğandılathey have been able to arm |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensawutlayalmağanmaI haven't been able to arm | sensawutlayalmağansayou haven't been able to arm | olsawutlayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to arm | bizsawutlayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to arm | sizsawutlayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to arm | alasawutlayalmağandılathey haven't been able to arm |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensawutlayalğanmamı? sawutlayalğanmıma?have I been able to arm? | sensawutlayalğanmısa?have you been able to arm? | olsawutlayalğanmıdı?has he been able to arm? | bizsawutlayalğanbızmı? sawutlayalğanmıbız?have we been able to arm? | sizsawutlayalğanmısız?have you all been able to arm? | alasawutlayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to arm? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensawutlayalmağanmamı? sawutlayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to arm? | sensawutlayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to arm? | olsawutlayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to arm? | bizsawutlayalmağanbızmı? sawutlayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to arm? | sizsawutlayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to arm? | alasawutlayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to arm? |
| Ability — past perfect | mensawutlayalğan edimsawutlayalğanemI had been able to arm | sensawutlayalğan ediŋsawutlayalğaneŋyou had been able to arm | olsawutlayalğan edisawutlayalğanedhe had been able to arm | bizsawutlayalğan ediksawutlayalğanekwe had been able to arm | sizsawutlayalğan edigizsawutlayalğanegizyou all had been able to arm | alasawutlayalğan edilesawutlayalğanellethey had been able to arm |
| Ability — past perfect | mensawutlayalmağan edimsawutlayalmağanemI hadn't been able to arm | sensawutlayalmağan ediŋsawutlayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to arm | olsawutlayalmağan edisawutlayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to arm | bizsawutlayalmağan ediksawutlayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to arm | sizsawutlayalmağan edigizsawutlayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to arm | alasawutlayalmağan edilesawutlayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to arm |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mensawutlayala edimsawutlayalaemI could arm | sensawutlayala ediŋsawutlayalaeŋyou could arm | olsawutlayala edisawutlayalaedhe could arm | bizsawutlayala ediksawutlayalaekwe could arm | sizsawutlayala edigizsawutlayalaegizyou all could arm | alasawutlayala edilesawutlayalaellethey could arm |
| Ability — past background | mensawutlayalmay edimsawutlayalmayemI could not arm | sensawutlayalmay ediŋsawutlayalmayeŋyou could not arm | olsawutlayalmay edisawutlayalmayedhe could not arm | bizsawutlayalmay ediksawutlayalmayekwe could not arm | sizsawutlayalmay edigizsawutlayalmayegizyou all could not arm | alasawutlayalmay edilesawutlayalmayellethey could not arm |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mensawutlayalırmaI will be able to arm | sensawutlayalırsayou will be able to arm | olsawutlayalırhe will be able to arm | bizsawutlayalırbızwe will be able to arm | sizsawutlayalırsızyou all will be able to arm | alasawutlayalırlathey will be able to arm |
| Ability — future I | mensawutlayalmazmaI won't be able to arm | sensawutlayalmazsayou won't be able to arm | olsawutlayalmazhe won't be able to arm | bizsawutlayalmazbızwe won't be able to arm | sizsawutlayalmazsızyou all won't be able to arm | alasawutlayalmazlathey won't be able to arm |
| Ability — future I | mensawutlayalırmamı? sawutlayalırmıma?will I be able to arm? | sensawutlayalırmısa?will you be able to arm? | olsawutlayalırmı?will he be able to arm? | bizsawutlayalırbızmı? sawutlayalırmıbız?will we be able to arm? | sizsawutlayalırmısız?will you all be able to arm? | alasawutlayalırlamı? sawutlayalırmıla?will they be able to arm? |
| Ability — future I | mensawutlayalmazmamı? sawutlayalmazmıma?won't I be able to arm? | sensawutlayalmazmısa?won't you be able to arm? | olsawutlayalmazmı?won't he be able to arm? | bizsawutlayalmazbızmı? sawutlayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to arm? | sizsawutlayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to arm? | alasawutlayalmazlamı? sawutlayalmazmıla?won't they be able to arm? |
| Ability — future II | mensawutlayallıqmaI am going to be able to arm | sensawutlayallıqsayou are going to be able to arm | olsawutlayallıqdıhe is going to be able to arm | bizsawutlayallıqbızwe are going to be able to arm | sizsawutlayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to arm | alasawutlayallıqdılathey are going to be able to arm |
| Ability — future II | mensawutlayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to arm | sensawutlayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to arm | olsawutlayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to arm | bizsawutlayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to arm | sizsawutlayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to arm | alasawutlayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to arm |
| Ability — future II | mensawutlayallıqmamı? sawutlayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to arm? | sensawutlayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to arm? | olsawutlayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to arm? | bizsawutlayallıqbızmı? sawutlayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to arm? | sizsawutlayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to arm? | alasawutlayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to arm? |
| Ability — future II | mensawutlayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to arm? | sensawutlayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to arm? | olsawutlayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to arm? | bizsawutlayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to arm? | sizsawutlayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to arm? | alasawutlayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to arm? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensawutlayalır edimsawutlayalır emI would be able to arm | sensawutlayalır ediŋsawutlayalır eŋyou would be able to arm | olsawutlayalır edisawutlayalır edhe would be able to arm | bizsawutlayalır ediksawutlayalır ekwe would be able to arm | sizsawutlayalır edigizsawutlayalır egizyou all would be able to arm | alasawutlayalır edilesawutlayalır ellethey would be able to arm |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensawutlayalmaz edimsawutlayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to arm | sensawutlayalmaz ediŋsawutlayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to arm | olsawutlayalmaz edisawutlayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to arm | bizsawutlayalmaz ediksawutlayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to arm | sizsawutlayalmaz edigizsawutlayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to arm | alasawutlayalmaz edilesawutlayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to arm |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensawutlayalğınsawutlayalğımay you be able to arm | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensawutlayalmağınsawutlayalmağımay you not be able to arm | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mensawutlarğa izleymeI want to arm | sensawutlarğa izleyseyou want to arm | olsawutlarğa izleydihe wants to arm | bizsawutlarğa izleybizwe want to arm | sizsawutlarğa izleysizyou all want to arm | alasawutlarğa izleydilethey want to arm |
| want to | mensawutlarğa izlemeymeI do not want to arm | sensawutlarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to arm | olsawutlarğa izlemeydihe does not want to arm | bizsawutlarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to arm | sizsawutlarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to arm | alasawutlarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to arm |
| would like to | mensawutlarğa süemeI would like to arm | sensawutlarğa süeseyou would like to arm | olsawutlarğa süedihe would like to arm | bizsawutlarğa süebizwe would like to arm | sizsawutlarğa süesizyou all would like to arm | alasawutlarğa süedilethey would like to arm |
| would like to | mensawutlarğa süymeymeI would not like to arm | sensawutlarğa süymeyseyou would not like to arm | olsawutlarğa süymeydihe would not like to arm | bizsawutlarğa süymeybizwe would not like to arm | sizsawutlarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to arm | alasawutlarğa süymeydilethey would not like to arm |
| hope to | mensawutlarğa umutlanamaI hope to arm | sensawutlarğa umutlanasayou hope to arm | olsawutlarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to arm | bizsawutlarğa umutlanabızwe hope to arm | sizsawutlarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to arm | alasawutlarğa umutlanadılathey hope to arm |
| hope to | mensawutlarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to arm | sensawutlarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to arm | olsawutlarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to arm | bizsawutlarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to arm | sizsawutlarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to arm | alasawutlarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to arm |
| be about to | mensawutlarğa deb turamaI am about to arm | sensawutlarğa deb turasayou are about to arm | olsawutlarğa deb turadıhe is about to arm | bizsawutlarğa deb turabızwe are about to arm | sizsawutlarğa deb turasızyou all are about to arm | alasawutlarğa deb turadılathey are about to arm |
| be about to | mensawutlarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to arm | sensawutlarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to arm | olsawutlarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to arm | bizsawutlarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to arm | sizsawutlarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to arm | alasawutlarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to arm |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mensawutlarğa kerekmeI need to arm | sensawutlarğa kerekseyou need to arm | olsawutlarğa kerekdihe needs to arm | bizsawutlarğa kerekbizwe need to arm | sizsawutlarğa kereksizyou all need to arm | alasawutlarğa kerekdilethey need to arm |
| need to | mensawutlarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to arm | sensawutlarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to arm | olsawutlarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to arm | bizsawutlarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to arm | sizsawutlarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to arm | alasawutlarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to arm |
| have to | menmenŋe sawutlarğa tüşediI have to arm | sensenŋe sawutlarğa tüşediyou have to arm | olaŋa sawutlarğa tüşedihe has to arm | bizbizge sawutlarğa tüşediwe have to arm | sizsizge sawutlarğa tüşediyou all have to arm | alaalağa sawutlarğa tüşedithey have to arm |
| have to | menmenŋe sawutlarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to arm | sensenŋe sawutlarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to arm | olaŋa sawutlarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to arm | bizbizge sawutlarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to arm | sizsizge sawutlarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to arm | alaalağa sawutlarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to arm |
| be obliged to | mensawutlarğa borçlumaI am obliged to arm | sensawutlarğa borçlusayou are obliged to arm | olsawutlarğa borçluduhe is obliged to arm | bizsawutlarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to arm | sizsawutlarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to arm | alasawutlarğa borçludulathey are obliged to arm |
| be obliged to | mensawutlarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to arm | sensawutlarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to arm | olsawutlarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to arm | bizsawutlarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to arm | sizsawutlarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to arm | alasawutlarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to arm |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mensawutlarğa madarım bardıI have a way to arm | sensawutlarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to arm | olsawutlarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to arm | bizsawutlarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to arm | sizsawutlarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to arm | alasawutlarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to arm |
| have a way to | mensawutlarğa madarım joqduI have no way to arm | sensawutlarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to arm | olsawutlarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to arm | bizsawutlarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to arm | sizsawutlarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to arm | alasawutlarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to arm |
| be free to | mensawutlarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to arm | sensawutlarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to arm | olsawutlarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to arm | bizsawutlarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to arm | sizsawutlarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to arm | alasawutlarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to arm |
| be free to | mensawutlarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to arm | sensawutlarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to arm | olsawutlarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to arm | bizsawutlarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to arm | sizsawutlarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to arm | alasawutlarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to arm |
| be possible to | menmenŋe sawutlarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to arm | sensenŋe sawutlarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to arm | olaŋa sawutlarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to arm | bizbizge sawutlarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to arm | sizsizge sawutlarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to arm | alaalağa sawutlarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to arm |
| be possible to | menmenŋe sawutlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to arm | sensenŋe sawutlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to arm | olaŋa sawutlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to arm | bizbizge sawutlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to arm | sizsizge sawutlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to arm | alaalağa sawutlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to arm |
| be ready to | mensawutlarğa hazırmaI am ready to arm | sensawutlarğa hazırsayou are ready to arm | olsawutlarğa hazırdıhe is ready to arm | bizsawutlarğa hazırbızwe are ready to arm | sizsawutlarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to arm | alasawutlarğa hazırdılathey are ready to arm |
| be ready to | mensawutlarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to arm | sensawutlarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to arm | olsawutlarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to arm | bizsawutlarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to arm | sizsawutlarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to arm | alasawutlarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to arm |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mensawutlarğa küreşemeI am trying to arm | sensawutlarğa küreşeseyou are trying to arm | olsawutlarğa küreşedihe is trying to arm | bizsawutlarğa küreşebizwe are trying to arm | sizsawutlarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to arm | alasawutlarğa küreşedilethey are trying to arm |
| try to | mensawutlarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to arm | sensawutlarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to arm | olsawutlarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to arm | bizsawutlarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to arm | sizsawutlarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to arm | alasawutlarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to arm |
| agree to | mensawutlarğa unaymaI agree to arm | sensawutlarğa unaysayou agree to arm | olsawutlarğa unaydıhe agrees to arm | bizsawutlarğa unaybızwe agree to arm | sizsawutlarğa unaysızyou all agree to arm | alasawutlarğa unaydılathey agree to arm |
| agree to | mensawutlarğa unamaymaI refuse to arm | sensawutlarğa unamaysayou refuse to arm | olsawutlarğa unamaydıhe refuses to arm | bizsawutlarğa unamaybızwe refuse to arm | sizsawutlarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to arm | alasawutlarğa unamaydılathey refuse to arm |
| hurry to | mensawutlarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to arm | sensawutlarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to arm | olsawutlarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to arm | bizsawutlarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to arm | sizsawutlarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to arm | alasawutlarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to arm |
| hurry to | mensawutlarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to arm | sensawutlarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to arm | olsawutlarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to arm | bizsawutlarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to arm | sizsawutlarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to arm | alasawutlarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to arm |
| be afraid to | mensawutlarğa qorqamaI am afraid to arm | sensawutlarğa qorqasayou are afraid to arm | olsawutlarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to arm | bizsawutlarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to arm | sizsawutlarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to arm | alasawutlarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to arm |
| be afraid to | mensawutlarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to arm | sensawutlarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to arm | olsawutlarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to arm | bizsawutlarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to arm | sizsawutlarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to arm | alasawutlarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to arm |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mensawutlay bolmazmaI can't be arming | sensawutlay bolmazsayou can't be arming | olsawutlay bolmazhe can't be arming | bizsawutlay bolmazbızwe can't be arming | sizsawutlay bolmazsızyou all can't be arming | alasawutlay bolmazlathey can't be arming |
| Inference, present — double negation | mensawutlamay bolmazmaI must be arming (emphatic) | sensawutlamay bolmazsayou must be arming (emphatic) | olsawutlamay bolmazhe must be arming (emphatic) | bizsawutlamay bolmazbızwe must be arming (emphatic) | sizsawutlamay bolmazsızyou all must be arming (emphatic) | alasawutlamay bolmazlathey must be arming (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mensawutlay turmasamif I don't keep arming | sensawutlay turmasaŋif you don't keep arming | olsawutlay turmasaif he doesn't keep arming | bizsawutlay turmasaqif we don't keep arming | sizsawutlay turmasağızif you all don't keep arming | alasawutlay turmasalaif they don't keep arming |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mensawutlay tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of arming | sensawutlay tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of arming | olsawutlay tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of arming | bizsawutlay tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of arming | sizsawutlay tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of arming | alasawutlay tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of arming |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mensawutlamay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not arming (emphatic) | sensawutlamay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not arming (emphatic) | olsawutlamay tura bolmazhe must keep on not arming (emphatic) | bizsawutlamay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not arming (emphatic) | sizsawutlamay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not arming (emphatic) | alasawutlamay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not arming (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mensawutlamay turamaI keep on not arming | sensawutlamay turasayou keep on not arming | olsawutlamay turadıhe keeps on not arming | bizsawutlamay turabızwe keep on not arming | sizsawutlamay turasızyou all keep on not arming | alasawutlamay turadılathey keep on not arming |
| Progressive — double negation | mensawutlamay turmaymaI am not keeping on not arming | sensawutlamay turmaysayou are not keeping on not arming | olsawutlamay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not arming | bizsawutlamay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not arming | sizsawutlamay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not arming | alasawutlamay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not arming |
| Progressive — double negation | mensawutlamay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not arming? | sensawutlamay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not arming? | olsawutlamay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not arming? | bizsawutlamay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not arming? | sizsawutlamay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not arming? | alasawutlamay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not arming? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mensawutlağan bolmazmaI can't have armed | sensawutlağan bolmazsayou can't have armed | olsawutlağan bolmazhe can't have armed | bizsawutlağan bolmazbızwe can't have armed | sizsawutlağan bolmazsızyou all can't have armed | alasawutlağan bolmazlathey can't have armed |
| Inference — double negation | mensawutlamağan bolmazmaI must have armed (emphatic) | sensawutlamağan bolmazsayou must have armed (emphatic) | olsawutlamağan bolmazhe must have armed (emphatic) | bizsawutlamağan bolmazbızwe must have armed (emphatic) | sizsawutlamağan bolmazsızyou all must have armed (emphatic) | alasawutlamağan bolmazlathey must have armed (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mensawutlağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had armed | sensawutlağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had armed | olsawutlağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had armed | bizsawutlağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had armed | sizsawutlağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had armed | alasawutlağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had armed |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mensawutlamağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't armed | sensawutlamağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't armed | olsawutlamağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't armed | bizsawutlamağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't armed | sizsawutlamağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't armed | alasawutlamağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't armed |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mensawutlarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to arm | sensawutlarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to arm | olsawutlarıq bolmazhe can't be going to arm | bizsawutlarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to arm | sizsawutlarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to arm | alasawutlarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to arm |
| Inference, future — double negation | mensawutlamazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to arm (emphatic) | sensawutlamazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to arm (emphatic) | olsawutlamazlıq bolmazhe must be going to arm (emphatic) | bizsawutlamazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to arm (emphatic) | sizsawutlamazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to arm (emphatic) | alasawutlamazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to arm (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mensawutlarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to arm | sensawutlarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to arm | olsawutlarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to arm | bizsawutlarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to arm | sizsawutlarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to arm | alasawutlarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to arm |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mensawutlamazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to arm | sensawutlamazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to arm | olsawutlamazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to arm | bizsawutlamazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to arm | sizsawutlamazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to arm | alasawutlamazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to arm |