saqaw
/saqaw/ · plural saqawla
1. glanders, strangles, a contagious respiratory disease of horses and donkeys
- saqawdan awruğan at — a horse sick with glanders
- atnı saqawu bar edi — the horse had glanders
- saqawğa jarağan darman — a remedy for glanders
2. tongue-tied, stammering — Same as tilqaw.
- saqaw adam — a tongue-tied person
- saqaw sabiy — a stammering child
- ol kişi saqaw edi — that man was a stammerer
As a noun
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | saqawthe glanders | saqawummy glanders | saqawuŋyour glanders | saqawuhis glanders | saqawubuzour glanders | saqawuğuzyou all's glanders | saqawlarıtheir glanderses |
| Genitive | saqawnuthe glanders' | saqawumumy glanders' | saqawuŋuyour glanders' | saqawunuhis glanders' | saqawubuznuour glanders' | saqawuğuznuyou all's glanders' | saqawlarınıtheir glanderses' |
| Accusative | saqawnuthe glanders (as the object) | saqawumumy glanders (as the object) | saqawuŋuyour glanders (as the object) | saqawunhis glanders (as the object) | saqawubuznuour glanders (as the object) | saqawuğuznuyou all's glanders (as the object) | saqawlarıntheir glanderses (as the object) |
| Dative | saqawğato the glanders | saqawumato my glanders | saqawuŋato your glanders | saqawunato his glanders | saqawubuzğato our glanders | saqawuğuzğato you all's glanders | saqawlarınato their glanderses |
| Locative | saqawdain / at the glanders | saqawumdain / at my glanders | saqawuŋdain / at your glanders | saqawundain / at his glanders | saqawubuzdain / at our glanders | saqawuğuzdain / at you all's glanders | saqawlarındain / at their glanderses |
| Ablative | saqawdanfrom the glanders | saqawumdanfrom my glanders | saqawuŋdanfrom your glanders | saqawundanfrom his glanders | saqawubuzdanfrom our glanders | saqawuğuzdanfrom you all's glanders | saqawlarındanfrom their glanderses |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | saqawlathe glanderses | saqawlarımmy glanderses | saqawlarıŋyour glanderses | saqawlarıhis glanderses | saqawlarıbızour glanderses | saqawlarığızyou all's glanderses | saqawlarıtheir glanderses |
| Genitive | saqawlanıthe glanderses' | saqawlarımımy glanderses' | saqawlarıŋıyour glanderses' | saqawlarınıhis glanderses' | saqawlarıbıznıour glanderses' | saqawlarığıznıyou all's glanderses' | saqawlarınıtheir glanderses' |
| Accusative | saqawlanıthe glanderses (as the object) | saqawlarımımy glanderses (as the object) | saqawlarıŋıyour glanderses (as the object) | saqawlarınhis glanderses (as the object) | saqawlarıbıznıour glanderses (as the object) | saqawlarığıznıyou all's glanderses (as the object) | saqawlarıntheir glanderses (as the object) |
| Dative | saqawlağato the glanderses | saqawlarımato my glanderses | saqawlarıŋato your glanderses | saqawlarınato his glanderses | saqawlarıbızğato our glanderses | saqawlarığızğato you all's glanderses | saqawlarınato their glanderses |
| Locative | saqawladain / at the glanderses | saqawlarımdain / at my glanderses | saqawlarıŋdain / at your glanderses | saqawlarındain / at his glanderses | saqawlarıbızdain / at our glanderses | saqawlarığızdain / at you all's glanderses | saqawlarındain / at their glanderses |
| Ablative | saqawladanfrom the glanderses | saqawlarımdanfrom my glanderses | saqawlarıŋdanfrom your glanderses | saqawlarındanfrom his glanderses | saqawlarıbızdanfrom our glanderses | saqawlarığızdanfrom you all's glanderses | saqawlarındanfrom their glanderses |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: saqawları can mean "his / her glanderses", "their glanders", or "their glanderses" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
As an adjective
Degrees and persons
| Degree | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | saqawmaI am tongue-tied | saqawsayou are tongue-tied | saqawduhe is tongue-tied | saqawbuzwe are tongue-tied | saqawsuzyou all are tongue-tied | saqawdulathey are tongue-tied |
| comparative — more | saqawraqmaI am more tongue-tied | saqawraqsayou are more tongue-tied | saqawraqdıhe is more tongue-tied | saqawraqbızwe are more tongue-tied | saqawraqsızyou all are more tongue-tied | saqawraqdılathey are more tongue-tied |
| intensifier — very | bek saqawmaI am very tongue-tied | bek saqawsayou are very tongue-tied | bek saqawduhe is very tongue-tied | bek saqawbuzwe are very tongue-tied | bek saqawsuzyou all are very tongue-tied | bek saqawdulathey are very tongue-tied |
| superlative — most | em saqawmaI am the most tongue-tied | em saqawsayou are the most tongue-tied | em saqawduhe is the most tongue-tied | em saqawbuzwe are the most tongue-tied | em saqawsuzyou all are the most tongue-tied | em saqawdulathey are the most tongue-tied |
To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden saqawdu — "compared to me, he is tongue-tied."
Saying it about mine, yours, theirs
One thing
| Degree | menikimine | senikiyours | anıqıhis / hers | biznikiours | siznikiyours (pl.) | alanıqıtheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | meniki saqawdumine is tongue-tied | seniki saqawduyours is tongue-tied | anıqı saqawduhis is tongue-tied | bizniki saqawduours is tongue-tied | sizniki saqawduyours (pl.) is tongue-tied | alanıqı saqawdutheirs is tongue-tied |
| comparative — more | meniki saqawraqdımine is more tongue-tied | seniki saqawraqdıyours is more tongue-tied | anıqı saqawraqdıhis is more tongue-tied | bizniki saqawraqdıours is more tongue-tied | sizniki saqawraqdıyours (pl.) is more tongue-tied | alanıqı saqawraqdıtheirs is more tongue-tied |
| intensifier — very | meniki bek saqawdumine is very tongue-tied | seniki bek saqawduyours is very tongue-tied | anıqı bek saqawduhis is very tongue-tied | bizniki bek saqawduours is very tongue-tied | sizniki bek saqawduyours (pl.) is very tongue-tied | alanıqı bek saqawdutheirs is very tongue-tied |
| superlative — most | meniki em saqawdumine is the most tongue-tied | seniki em saqawduyours is the most tongue-tied | anıqı em saqawduhis is the most tongue-tied | bizniki em saqawduours is the most tongue-tied | sizniki em saqawduyours (pl.) is the most tongue-tied | alanıqı em saqawdutheirs is the most tongue-tied |
Several things
| Degree | menikilemine | senikileyours | anıqılahis / hers | biznikileours | siznikileyours (pl.) | alanıqılatheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | menikile saqawdulamine are tongue-tied | senikile saqawdulayours are tongue-tied | anıqıla saqawdulahis are tongue-tied | biznikile saqawdulaours are tongue-tied | siznikile saqawdulayours (pl.) are tongue-tied | alanıqıla saqawdulatheirs are tongue-tied |
| comparative — more | menikile saqawraqdılamine are more tongue-tied | senikile saqawraqdılayours are more tongue-tied | anıqıla saqawraqdılahis are more tongue-tied | biznikile saqawraqdılaours are more tongue-tied | siznikile saqawraqdılayours (pl.) are more tongue-tied | alanıqıla saqawraqdılatheirs are more tongue-tied |
| intensifier — very | menikile bek saqawdulamine are very tongue-tied | senikile bek saqawdulayours are very tongue-tied | anıqıla bek saqawdulahis are very tongue-tied | biznikile bek saqawdulaours are very tongue-tied | siznikile bek saqawdulayours (pl.) are very tongue-tied | alanıqıla bek saqawdulatheirs are very tongue-tied |
| superlative — most | menikile em saqawdulamine are the most tongue-tied | senikile em saqawdulayours are the most tongue-tied | anıqıla em saqawdulahis are the most tongue-tied | biznikile em saqawdulaours are the most tongue-tied | siznikile em saqawdulayours (pl.) are the most tongue-tied | alanıqıla em saqawdulatheirs are the most tongue-tied |
Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu saqawdu, bıla saqawdula. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".