qadarğa
/qadarʁa/
1. clench, squeeze together
- tişleriŋi qadarğa — to clench your teeth
- men tişlerimi qadadım — I clenched my teeth
- ol tişlerin qadaydı — he is clenching his teeth
- tişleriŋi qada — clench your teeth
2. pin, fasten with a pin
- köküregiŋe orden qadarğa — to pin an order on your chest
- men gülnü kiyimime qadadım — I pinned the rose to my clothes
- gülnü kiyimiŋe qada — pin the rose to your clothes
- ol qağıtnı qadaydı — he is pinning the paper
Conjugation
Common forms
- qadaydıhe is clenching
- qadadıhe clenched
- qadağandıhe has clenched
- qadarhe will clench
- qadarıqdıhe is going to clench
- qaday edihe was clenching
- qadasaif he clenches
- qada!clench!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqadaymaI am clenching | senqadaysayou are clenching | olqadaydıhe is clenching | bizqadaybızwe are clenching | sizqadaysızyou all are clenching | alaqadaydılathey are clenching |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqadamaymaI am not clenching | senqadamaysayou are not clenching | olqadamaydıhe is not clenching | bizqadamaybızwe are not clenching | sizqadamaysızyou all are not clenching | alaqadamaydılathey are not clenching |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqadaymamı? qadaymıma?am I clenching? | senqadaymısa?are you clenching? | olqadaymıdı?is he clenching? | bizqadaybızmı? qadaymıbız?are we clenching? | sizqadaymısız?are you all clenching? | alaqadaymıdıla?are they clenching? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menqadamaymamı? qadamaymıma?aren't I clenching? | senqadamaymısa?aren't you clenching? | olqadamaymıdı?isn't he clenching? | bizqadamaybızmı? qadamaymıbız?aren't we clenching? | sizqadamaymısız?aren't you all clenching? | alaqadamaymıdıla?aren't they clenching? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqadawçanmaI usually clench | senqadawçansayou usually clench | olqadawçandıhe usually clenches | bizqadawçanbızwe usually clench | sizqadawçansızyou all usually clench | alaqadawçandılathey usually clench |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqadamawçanmaI usually don't clench | senqadamawçansayou usually don't clench | olqadamawçandıhe usually doesn't clench | bizqadamawçanbızwe usually don't clench | sizqadamawçansızyou all usually don't clench | alaqadamawçandılathey usually don't clench |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqadawçanmamı? qadawçanmıma?do I usually clench? | senqadawçanmısa?do you usually clench? | olqadawçanmıdı?does he usually clench? | bizqadawçanbızmı? qadawçanmıbız?do we usually clench? | sizqadawçanmısız?do you all usually clench? | alaqadawçanmıdıla?do they usually clench? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menqadamawçanmamı? qadamawçanmıma?do I usually not clench? | senqadamawçanmısa?do you usually not clench? | olqadamawçanmıdı?does he usually not clench? | bizqadamawçanbızmı? qadamawçanmıbız?do we usually not clench? | sizqadamawçanmısız?do you all usually not clench? | alaqadamawçanmıdıla?do they usually not clench? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olqadabdıhe has clenched and remains so | alaqadabdılathey have clenched and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olqadabmıdı?has he clenched? | alaqadabmıdıla?have they clenched? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqadab turamaI keep clenching | senqadab turasayou keep clenching | olqadab turadıhe keeps clenching | bizqadab turabızwe keep clenching | sizqadab turasızyou all keep clenching | alaqadab turadılathey keep clenching |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqadab turmaymaI don't keep clenching | senqadab turmaysayou don't keep clenching | olqadab turmaydıhe doesn't keep clenching | bizqadab turmaybızwe don't keep clenching | sizqadab turmaysızyou all don't keep clenching | alaqadab turmaydılathey don't keep clenching |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqadab turamamı? qadab turamıma?do I keep clenching? | senqadab turamısa?do you keep clenching? | olqadab turamıdı?does he keep clenching? | bizqadab turabızmı? qadab turamıbız?do we keep clenching? | sizqadab turamısız?do you all keep clenching? | alaqadab turamıdıla?do they keep clenching? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menqadab turmaymamı? qadab turmaymıma?don't I keep clenching? | senqadab turmaymısa?don't you keep clenching? | olqadab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep clenching? | bizqadab turmaybızmı? qadab turmaymıbız?don't we keep clenching? | sizqadab turmaymısız?don't you all keep clenching? | alaqadab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep clenching? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqaday turamaI am in the middle of clenching | senqaday turasayou are in the middle of clenching | olqaday turadıhe is in the middle of clenching | bizqaday turabızwe are in the middle of clenching | sizqaday turasızyou all are in the middle of clenching | alaqaday turadılathey are in the middle of clenching |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqaday turmaymaI am not in the middle of clenching | senqaday turmaysayou are not in the middle of clenching | olqaday turmaydıhe is not in the middle of clenching | bizqaday turmaybızwe are not in the middle of clenching | sizqaday turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of clenching | alaqaday turmaydılathey are not in the middle of clenching |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqaday turamamı? qaday turamıma?am I in the middle of clenching? | senqaday turamısa?are you in the middle of clenching? | olqaday turamıdı?is he in the middle of clenching? | bizqaday turabızmı? qaday turamıbız?are we in the middle of clenching? | sizqaday turamısız?are you all in the middle of clenching? | alaqaday turamıdıla?are they in the middle of clenching? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menqaday turmaymamı? qaday turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of clenching? | senqaday turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of clenching? | olqaday turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of clenching? | bizqaday turmaybızmı? qaday turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of clenching? | sizqaday turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of clenching? | alaqaday turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of clenching? |
| Simple past (definite) | menqadadımI clenched | senqadadıŋyou clenched | olqadadıhe clenched | bizqadadıqwe clenched | sizqadadığızyou all clenched | alaqadadılathey clenched |
| Simple past (definite) | menqadamadımI didn't clench | senqadamadıŋyou didn't clench | olqadamadıhe didn't clench | bizqadamadıqwe didn't clench | sizqadamadığızyou all didn't clench | alaqadamadılathey didn't clench |
| Simple past (definite) | menqadadımmı?did I clench? | senqadadıŋmı?did you clench? | olqadadımı?did he clench? | bizqadadıqmı?did we clench? | sizqadadığızmı?did you all clench? | alaqadadılamı?did they clench? |
| Simple past (definite) | menqadamadımmı?didn't I clench? | senqadamadıŋmı?didn't you clench? | olqadamadımı?didn't he clench? | bizqadamadıqmı?didn't we clench? | sizqadamadığızmı?didn't you all clench? | alaqadamadılamı?didn't they clench? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqadağanmaI have clenched | senqadağansayou have clenched | olqadağandıhe has clenched | bizqadağanbızwe have clenched | sizqadağansızyou all have clenched | alaqadağandılathey have clenched |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqadamağanmaI haven't clenched | senqadamağansayou haven't clenched | olqadamağandıhe hasn't clenched | bizqadamağanbızwe haven't clenched | sizqadamağansızyou all haven't clenched | alaqadamağandılathey haven't clenched |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqadağanmamı? qadağanmıma?have I clenched? | senqadağanmısa?have you clenched? | olqadağanmıdı?has he clenched? | bizqadağanbızmı? qadağanmıbız?have we clenched? | sizqadağanmısız?have you all clenched? | alaqadağanmıdıla?have they clenched? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menqadamağanmamı? qadamağanmıma?haven't I clenched? | senqadamağanmısa?haven't you clenched? | olqadamağanmıdı?hasn't he clenched? | bizqadamağanbızmı? qadamağanmıbız?haven't we clenched? | sizqadamağanmısız?haven't you all clenched? | alaqadamağanmıdıla?haven't they clenched? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menqadab turdumI kept clenching | senqadab turduŋyou kept clenching | olqadab turduhe kept clenching | bizqadab turduqwe kept clenching | sizqadab turduğuzyou all kept clenching | alaqadab turdulathey kept clenching |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menqadab turmadımI didn't keep clenching | senqadab turmadıŋyou didn't keep clenching | olqadab turmadıhe didn't keep clenching | bizqadab turmadıqwe didn't keep clenching | sizqadab turmadığızyou all didn't keep clenching | alaqadab turmadılathey didn't keep clenching |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqadarmaI will clench | senqadarsayou will clench | olqadarhe will clench | bizqadarbızwe will clench | sizqadarsızyou all will clench | alaqadarlathey will clench |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqadamazmaI won't clench | senqadamazsayou won't clench | olqadamazhe won't clench | bizqadamazbızwe won't clench | sizqadamazsızyou all won't clench | alaqadamazlathey won't clench |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqadarmamı? qadarmıma?will I clench? | senqadarmısa?will you clench? | olqadarmı?will he clench? | bizqadarbızmı? qadarmıbız?will we clench? | sizqadarmısız?will you all clench? | alaqadarlamı? qadarmıla?will they clench? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menqadamazmamı? qadamazmıma?won't I clench? | senqadamazmısa?won't you clench? | olqadamazmı?won't he clench? | bizqadamazbızmı? qadamazmıbız?won't we clench? | sizqadamazmısız?won't you all clench? | alaqadamazlamı? qadamazmıla?won't they clench? |
| Definite future (future II) | menqadarıqmaI am going to clench | senqadarıqsayou are going to clench | olqadarıqdıhe is going to clench | bizqadarıqbızwe are going to clench | sizqadarıqsızyou all are going to clench | alaqadarıqdılathey are going to clench |
| Definite future (future II) | menqadarıq tülmeI am not going to clench | senqadarıq tülseyou are not going to clench | olqadarıq tüldühe is not going to clench | bizqadarıq tülbüzwe are not going to clench | sizqadarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to clench | alaqadarıq tüldülethey are not going to clench |
| Definite future (future II) | menqadarıqmamı? qadarıqmıma?am I going to clench? | senqadarıqmısa?are you going to clench? | olqadarıqmıdı?is he going to clench? | bizqadarıqbızmı? qadarıqmıbız?are we going to clench? | sizqadarıqmısız?are you all going to clench? | alaqadarıqmıdıla?are they going to clench? |
| Definite future (future II) | menqadarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to clench? | senqadarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to clench? | olqadarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to clench? | bizqadarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to clench? | sizqadarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to clench? | alaqadarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to clench? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menqadağan edimqadağanemI had clenched | senqadağan ediŋqadağaneŋyou had clenched | olqadağan ediqadağanedhe had clenched | bizqadağan edikqadağanekwe had clenched | sizqadağan edigizqadağanegizyou all had clenched | alaqadağan edileqadağanellethey had clenched |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menqadamağan edimqadamağanemI hadn't clenched | senqadamağan ediŋqadamağaneŋyou hadn't clenched | olqadamağan ediqadamağanedhe hadn't clenched | bizqadamağan edikqadamağanekwe hadn't clenched | sizqadamağan edigizqadamağanegizyou all hadn't clenched | alaqadamağan edileqadamağanellethey hadn't clenched |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menqaday edimqadayemI was clenching | senqaday ediŋqadayeŋyou were clenching | olqaday ediqadayedhe was clenching | bizqaday edikqadayekwe were clenching | sizqaday edigizqadayegizyou all were clenching | alaqaday edileqadayellethey were clenching |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menqadamay edimqadamayemI wasn't clenching | senqadamay ediŋqadamayeŋyou weren't clenching | olqadamay ediqadamayedhe wasn't clenching | bizqadamay edikqadamayekwe weren't clenching | sizqadamay edigizqadamayegizyou all weren't clenching | alaqadamay edileqadamayellethey weren't clenching |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menqadawçan edimqadawçanemI used to clench | senqadawçan ediŋqadawçaneŋyou used to clench | olqadawçan ediqadawçanedhe used to clench | bizqadawçan edikqadawçanekwe used to clench | sizqadawçan edigizqadawçanegizyou all used to clench | alaqadawçan edileqadawçanellethey used to clench |
| Habitual past (used to) | menqadamawçan edimqadamawçanemI didn't use to clench | senqadamawçan ediŋqadamawçaneŋyou didn't use to clench | olqadamawçan ediqadamawçanedhe didn't use to clench | bizqadamawçan edikqadamawçanekwe didn't use to clench | sizqadamawçan edigizqadamawçanegizyou all didn't use to clench | alaqadamawçan edileqadamawçanellethey didn't use to clench |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olqadab edihe had clenched and remained so | alaqadab edilethey had clenched and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olqadab tül edihe hadn't clenched | alaqadab tül edilethey hadn't clenched | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menqadab tura edimqadab turaemI had kept clenching | senqadab tura ediŋqadab turaeŋyou had kept clenching | olqadab tura ediqadab turaedhe had kept clenching | bizqadab tura edikqadab turaekwe had kept clenching | sizqadab tura edigizqadab turaegizyou all had kept clenching | alaqadab tura edileqadab turaellethey had kept clenching |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menqadab turmay edimqadab turmayemI hadn't kept clenching | senqadab turmay ediŋqadab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept clenching | olqadab turmay ediqadab turmayedhe hadn't kept clenching | bizqadab turmay edikqadab turmayekwe hadn't kept clenching | sizqadab turmay edigizqadab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept clenching | alaqadab turmay edileqadab turmayellethey hadn't kept clenching |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menqaday tura edimqaday turaemI was in the middle of clenching | senqaday tura ediŋqaday turaeŋyou were in the middle of clenching | olqaday tura ediqaday turaedhe was in the middle of clenching | bizqaday tura edikqaday turaekwe were in the middle of clenching | sizqaday tura edigizqaday turaegizyou all were in the middle of clenching | alaqaday tura edileqaday turaellethey were in the middle of clenching |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menqaday turmay edimqaday turmayemI wasn't in the middle of clenching | senqaday turmay ediŋqaday turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of clenching | olqaday turmay ediqaday turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of clenching | bizqaday turmay edikqaday turmayekwe weren't in the middle of clenching | sizqaday turmay edigizqaday turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of clenching | alaqaday turmay edileqaday turmayellethey weren't in the middle of clenching |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menqadar edimqadar emI would clench | senqadar ediŋqadar eŋyou would clench | olqadar ediqadar edhe would clench | bizqadar edikqadar ekwe would clench | sizqadar edigizqadar egizyou all would clench | alaqadar edileqadar ellethey would clench |
| Conditional result (would) | menqadamaz edimqadamaz emI wouldn't clench | senqadamaz ediŋqadamaz eŋyou wouldn't clench | olqadamaz ediqadamaz edhe wouldn't clench | bizqadamaz edikqadamaz ekwe wouldn't clench | sizqadamaz edigizqadamaz egizyou all wouldn't clench | alaqadamaz edileqadamaz ellethey wouldn't clench |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menqadarıq edimqadarıq emI would have clenched | senqadarıq ediŋqadarıq eŋyou would have clenched | olqadarıq ediqadarıq edhe would have clenched | bizqadarıq edikqadarıq ekwe would have clenched | sizqadarıq edigizqadarıq egizyou all would have clenched | alaqadarıq edileqadarıq ellethey would have clenched |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menqadarıq tül edimqadarıq tül emI wouldn't have clenched | senqadarıq tül ediŋqadarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have clenched | olqadarıq tül ediqadarıq tül edhe wouldn't have clenched | bizqadarıq tül edikqadarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have clenched | sizqadarıq tül edigizqadarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have clenched | alaqadarıq tül edileqadarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have clenched |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menqadasamif I clench | senqadasaŋif you clench | olqadasaif he clenches | bizqadasaqif we clench | sizqadasağızif you all clench | alaqadasalaif they clench |
| Conditional | menqadamasamif I don't clench | senqadamasaŋif you don't clench | olqadamasaif he doesn't clench | bizqadamasaqif we don't clench | sizqadamasağızif you all don't clench | alaqadamasalaif they don't clench |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menqaday esemif I am clenching | senqaday eseŋif you are clenching | olqaday eseif he is clenching | bizqaday esekif we are clenching | sizqaday esegizif you all are clenching | alaqaday eseleif they are clenching |
| Conditional, present real | menqadamay esemif I am not clenching | senqadamay eseŋif you are not clenching | olqadamay eseif he is not clenching | bizqadamay esekif we are not clenching | sizqadamay esegizif you all are not clenching | alaqadamay eseleif they are not clenching |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menqadasam ediqadasam edif only I clenched | senqadasaŋ ediqadasaŋ edif only you clenched | olqadasa ediqadasaedif only he clenched | bizqadasaq ediqadasaq edif only we clenched | sizqadasağız ediqadasağız edif only you all clenched | alaqadasala ediqadasalaedif only they clenched |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menqadamasam ediqadamasam edif only I didn't clench | senqadamasaŋ ediqadamasaŋ edif only you didn't clench | olqadamasa ediqadamasaedif only he didn't clench | bizqadamasaq ediqadamasaq edif only we didn't clench | sizqadamasağız ediqadamasağız edif only you all didn't clench | alaqadamasala ediqadamasalaedif only they didn't clench |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menqadab tursamif I carry on clenching | senqadab tursaŋif you carry on clenching | olqadab tursaif he carries on clenching | bizqadab tursaqif we carry on clenching | sizqadab tursağızif you all carry on clenching | alaqadab tursalaif they carry on clenching |
| Durative conditional | menqadab turmasamif I don't carry on clenching | senqadab turmasaŋif you don't carry on clenching | olqadab turmasaif he doesn't carry on clenching | bizqadab turmasaqif we don't carry on clenching | sizqadab turmasağızif you all don't carry on clenching | alaqadab turmasalaif they don't carry on clenching |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menqadab tura esemif I have kept clenching | senqadab tura eseŋif you have kept clenching | olqadab tura eseif he has kept clenching | bizqadab tura esekif we have kept clenching | sizqadab tura esegizif you all have kept clenching | alaqadab tura eseleif they have kept clenching |
| Durative conditional, present real | menqadab turmay esemif I haven't kept clenching | senqadab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept clenching | olqadab turmay eseif he hasn't kept clenching | bizqadab turmay esekif we haven't kept clenching | sizqadab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept clenching | alaqadab turmay eseleif they haven't kept clenching |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menqaday tursamif I keep clenching | senqaday tursaŋif you keep clenching | olqaday tursaif he keeps clenching | bizqaday tursaqif we keep clenching | sizqaday tursağızif you all keep clenching | alaqaday tursalaif they keep clenching |
| Progressive conditional | menqadamay tursamif I keep on not clenching | senqadamay tursaŋif you keep on not clenching | olqadamay tursaif he keeps on not clenching | bizqadamay tursaqif we keep on not clenching | sizqadamay tursağızif you all keep on not clenching | alaqadamay tursalaif they keep on not clenching |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menqaday tura esemif I am in the middle of clenching | senqaday tura eseŋif you are in the middle of clenching | olqaday tura eseif he is in the middle of clenching | bizqaday tura esekif we are in the middle of clenching | sizqaday tura esegizif you all are in the middle of clenching | alaqaday tura eseleif they are in the middle of clenching |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menqadamay tura esemif I keep on not clenching | senqadamay tura eseŋif you keep on not clenching | olqadamay tura eseif he keeps on not clenching | bizqadamay tura esekif we keep on not clenching | sizqadamay tura esegizif you all keep on not clenching | alaqadamay tura eseleif they keep on not clenching |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menqadadım esemif I clenched | senqadadıŋ eseŋif you clenched | olqadadı eseif he clenched | bizqadadıq esekif we clenched | sizqadadığız esegizif you all clenched | alaqadadıla eseleif they clenched |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menqadamadım esemif I didn't clench | senqadamadıŋ eseŋif you didn't clench | olqadamadı eseif he didn't clench | bizqadamadıq esekif we didn't clench | sizqadamadığız esegizif you all didn't clench | alaqadamadıla eseleif they didn't clench |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menqadağan esemif I did clench (indeed) | senqadağan eseŋif you did clench (indeed) | olqadağan eseif he did clench (indeed) | bizqadağan esekif we did clench (indeed) | sizqadağan esegizif you all did clench (indeed) | alaqadağan eseleif they did clench (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menqadamağan esemif I didn't clench (indeed) | senqadamağan eseŋif you didn't clench (indeed) | olqadamağan eseif he didn't clench (indeed) | bizqadamağan esekif we didn't clench (indeed) | sizqadamağan esegizif you all didn't clench (indeed) | alaqadamağan eseleif they didn't clench (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menqadağan bolsamif I had clenched | senqadağan bolsaŋif you had clenched | olqadağan bolsaif he had clenched | bizqadağan bolsaqif we had clenched | sizqadağan bolsağızif you all had clenched | alaqadağan bolsalaif they had clenched |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menqadamağan bolsamif I hadn't clenched | senqadamağan bolsaŋif you hadn't clenched | olqadamağan bolsaif he hadn't clenched | bizqadamağan bolsaqif we hadn't clenched | sizqadamağan bolsağızif you all hadn't clenched | alaqadamağan bolsalaif they hadn't clenched |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menqadağan bolsam ediqadağan bolsam edif only I had clenched | senqadağan bolsaŋ ediqadağan bolsaŋ edif only you had clenched | olqadağan bolsa ediqadağan bolsaedif only he had clenched | bizqadağan bolsaq ediqadağan bolsaq edif only we had clenched | sizqadağan bolsağız ediqadağan bolsağız edif only you all had clenched | alaqadağan bolsala ediqadağan bolsalaedif only they had clenched |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menqadamağan bolsam ediqadamağan bolsam edif only I hadn't clenched | senqadamağan bolsaŋ ediqadamağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't clenched | olqadamağan bolsa ediqadamağan bolsaedif only he hadn't clenched | bizqadamağan bolsaq ediqadamağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't clenched | sizqadamağan bolsağız ediqadamağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't clenched | alaqadamağan bolsala ediqadamağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't clenched |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menqadar esemif I will clench | senqadar eseŋif you will clench | olqadar eseif he will clench | bizqadar esekif we will clench | sizqadar esegizif you all will clench | alaqadar eseleif they will clench |
| Conditional, aorist | menqadamaz esemif I won't clench | senqadamaz eseŋif you won't clench | olqadamaz eseif he won't clench | bizqadamaz esekif we won't clench | sizqadamaz esegizif you all won't clench | alaqadamaz eseleif they won't clench |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menqadarıq esemif I am going to clench | senqadarıq eseŋif you are going to clench | olqadarıq eseif he is going to clench | bizqadarıq esekif we are going to clench | sizqadarıq esegizif you all are going to clench | alaqadarıq eseleif they are going to clench |
| Conditional, future | menqadarıq tül esemif I am not going to clench | senqadarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to clench | olqadarıq tül eseif he is not going to clench | bizqadarıq tül esekif we are not going to clench | sizqadarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to clench | alaqadarıq tül eseleif they are not going to clench |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menqadarıq bolsamif I were going to clench | senqadarıq bolsaŋif you were going to clench | olqadarıq bolsaif he were going to clench | bizqadarıq bolsaqif we were going to clench | sizqadarıq bolsağızif you all were going to clench | alaqadarıq bolsalaif they were going to clench |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menqadamazlıq bolsamif I were not going to clench | senqadamazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to clench | olqadamazlıq bolsaif he were not going to clench | bizqadamazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to clench | sizqadamazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to clench | alaqadamazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to clench |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso qadadıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menqaday bolurmaI must be clenching | senqaday bolursayou must be clenching | olqaday bolurhe must be clenching | bizqaday bolurbuzwe must be clenching | sizqaday bolursuzyou all must be clenching | alaqaday bolurlathey must be clenching |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menqadamay bolurmaI must not be clenching | senqadamay bolursayou must not be clenching | olqadamay bolurhe must not be clenching | bizqadamay bolurbuzwe must not be clenching | sizqadamay bolursuzyou all must not be clenching | alaqadamay bolurlathey must not be clenching |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menqaday tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of clenching | senqaday tura bolursayou must be in the middle of clenching | olqaday tura bolurhe must be in the middle of clenching | bizqaday tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of clenching | sizqaday tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of clenching | alaqaday tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of clenching |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menqadamay tura bolurmaI must keep on not clenching | senqadamay tura bolursayou must keep on not clenching | olqadamay tura bolurhe must keep on not clenching | bizqadamay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not clenching | sizqadamay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not clenching | alaqadamay tura bolurlathey must keep on not clenching |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menqadağan bolurmaI must have clenched | senqadağan bolursayou must have clenched | olqadağan bolurhe must have clenched | bizqadağan bolurbuzwe must have clenched | sizqadağan bolursuzyou all must have clenched | alaqadağan bolurlathey must have clenched |
| Inference (must have) | menqadamağan bolurmaI must not have clenched | senqadamağan bolursayou must not have clenched | olqadamağan bolurhe must not have clenched | bizqadamağan bolurbuzwe must not have clenched | sizqadamağan bolursuzyou all must not have clenched | alaqadamağan bolurlathey must not have clenched |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menqadarıq bolurmaI must be going to clench | senqadarıq bolursayou must be going to clench | olqadarıq bolurhe must be going to clench | bizqadarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to clench | sizqadarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to clench | alaqadarıq bolurlathey must be going to clench |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menqadamazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to clench | senqadamazlıq bolursayou must not be going to clench | olqadamazlıq bolurhe must not be going to clench | bizqadamazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to clench | sizqadamazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to clench | alaqadamazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to clench |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menqadayımlet me clench | senqada!clench! | olqadasınlet him clench | bizqadayıqlet's clench | sizqadağız!clench, you all! | alaqadasınlalet them clench |
| Commands & suggestions | menqadamayımlet me not clench | senqadama!don't clench! | olqadamasınlet him not clench | bizqadamayıqlet's not clench | sizqadamağız!don't clench, you all! | alaqadamasınlalet them not clench |
| Commands & suggestions | menqadayımmı?shall I clench? | olqadasınmı?should he clench? | bizqadayıqmı?shall we clench? | alaqadasınlamı?should they clench? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menqadamayımmı?shall I not clench? | olqadamasınmı?should he not clench? | bizqadamayıqmı?shall we not clench? | alaqadamasınlamı?should they not clench? | ||
| Requests | senqadaçı2qadaçınplease clench | olqadasınçıdo let him clench | sizqadaçığızplease clench (plural/polite) | alaqadasınlaçıdo let them clench | ||
| Requests | senqadamaçı2qadamaçınplease don't clench | olqadamasınçıdo let him not clench | sizqadamaçığızplease don't clench (plural/polite) | alaqadamasınlaçıdo let them not clench | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senqadağınqadağımay you clench | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senqadamağınqadamağımay you not clench | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menqadağay edim qadağa edimwould that I clenched | senqadağay ediŋ qadağa ediŋwould that you clenched | olqadağay edi qadağa ediwould that he clenched | bizqadağay edik qadağa edikwould that we clenched | sizqadağay edigiz qadağa edigizwould that you all clenched | alaqadağay edile qadağa edilewould that they clenched |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menqadamağay edim qadamağa edimwould that I did not clench | senqadamağay ediŋ qadamağa ediŋwould that you did not clench | olqadamağay edi qadamağa ediwould that he did not clench | bizqadamağay edik qadamağa edikwould that we did not clench | sizqadamağay edigiz qadamağa edigizwould that you all did not clench | alaqadamağay edile qadamağa edilewould that they did not clench |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menqadamağa qoyayımqadama qoyayımlet me allow someone to clench | senqadamağa qoy!qadama qoy!let someone clench! | olqadamağa qoysunqadama qoysunlet him allow someone to clench | bizqadamağa qoyayıqqadama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to clench | sizqadamağa qoyuğuz!qadama qoyuğuz!let someone clench, you all! | alaqadamağa qoysunlaqadama qoysunlalet them allow someone to clench |
| Let someone… (commands) | menqadamağa qoymayımqadama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to clench | senqadamağa qoyma!qadama qoyma!don't let someone clench! | olqadamağa qoymasınqadama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to clench | bizqadamağa qoymayıqqadama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to clench | sizqadamağa qoymağız!qadama qoymağız!don't let someone clench, you all! | alaqadamağa qoymasınlaqadama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to clench |
| Let someone… (commands) | menqadamağa qoyayımmı?qadama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to clench? | olqadamağa qoysunmu?qadama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to clench? | bizqadamağa qoyayıqmı?qadama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to clench? | alaqadamağa qoysunlamı?qadama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to clench? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menqadamağa qoymayımmı?qadama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to clench? | olqadamağa qoymasınmı?qadama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to clench? | bizqadamağa qoymayıqmı?qadama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to clench? | alaqadamağa qoymasınlamı?qadama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to clench? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menqadamağa qoyamaqadama qoyamaI allow someone to clench | senqadamağa qoyasaqadama qoyasayou allow someone to clench | olqadamağa qoyadıqadama qoyadıhe allows someone to clench | bizqadamağa qoyabızqadama qoyabızwe allow someone to clench | sizqadamağa qoyasızqadama qoyasızyou all allow someone to clench | alaqadamağa qoyadılaqadama qoyadılathey allow someone to clench |
| Let someone… (present) | menqadamağa qoymaymaqadama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to clench | senqadamağa qoymaysaqadama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to clench | olqadamağa qoymaydıqadama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to clench | bizqadamağa qoymaybızqadama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to clench | sizqadamağa qoymaysızqadama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to clench | alaqadamağa qoymaydılaqadama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to clench |
| Let someone… (present) | menqadamağa qoyamamı?qadama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to clench? | senqadamağa qoyamısa?qadama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to clench? | olqadamağa qoyamıdı?qadama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to clench? | bizqadamağa qoyabızmı?qadama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to clench? | sizqadamağa qoyamısız?qadama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to clench? | alaqadamağa qoyamıdıla?qadama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to clench? |
| Let someone… (present) | menqadamağa qoymaymamı?qadama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to clench? | senqadamağa qoymaymısa?qadama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to clench? | olqadamağa qoymaymıdı?qadama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to clench? | bizqadamağa qoymaybızmı?qadama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to clench? | sizqadamağa qoymaymısız?qadama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to clench? | alaqadamağa qoymaymıdıla?qadama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to clench? |
| Let someone… (past) | menqadamağa qoydumqadama qoydumI allowed someone to clench | senqadamağa qoyduŋqadama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to clench | olqadamağa qoyduqadama qoyduhe allowed someone to clench | bizqadamağa qoyduqqadama qoyduqwe allowed someone to clench | sizqadamağa qoyduğuzqadama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to clench | alaqadamağa qoydulaqadama qoydulathey allowed someone to clench |
| Let someone… (past) | menqadamağa qoymadımqadama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to clench | senqadamağa qoymadıŋqadama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to clench | olqadamağa qoymadıqadama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to clench | bizqadamağa qoymadıqqadama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to clench | sizqadamağa qoymadığızqadama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to clench | alaqadamağa qoymadılaqadama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to clench |
| Let someone… (past) | menqadamağa qoydummu?qadama qoydummu?did I allow someone to clench? | senqadamağa qoyduŋmu?qadama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to clench? | olqadamağa qoydumu?qadama qoydumu?did he allow someone to clench? | bizqadamağa qoyduqmu?qadama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to clench? | sizqadamağa qoyduğuzmu?qadama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to clench? | alaqadamağa qoydulamı?qadama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to clench? |
| Let someone… (past) | menqadamağa qoymadımmı?qadama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to clench? | senqadamağa qoymadıŋmı?qadama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to clench? | olqadamağa qoymadımı?qadama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to clench? | bizqadamağa qoymadıqmı?qadama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to clench? | sizqadamağa qoymadığızmı?qadama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to clench? | alaqadamağa qoymadılamı?qadama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to clench? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menqadayalamaI can clench | senqadayalasayou can clench | olqadayaladıhe can clench | bizqadayalabızwe can clench | sizqadayalasızyou all can clench | alaqadayaladılathey can clench |
| Ability — present | menqadayalmaymaI can't clench | senqadayalmaysayou can't clench | olqadayalmaydıhe can't clench | bizqadayalmaybızwe can't clench | sizqadayalmaysızyou all can't clench | alaqadayalmaydılathey can't clench |
| Ability — present | menqadayalamamı? qadayalamıma?can I clench? | senqadayalamısa?can you clench? | olqadayalamıdı?can he clench? | bizqadayalabızmı? qadayalamıbız?can we clench? | sizqadayalamısız?can you all clench? | alaqadayalamıdıla?can they clench? |
| Ability — present | menqadayalmaymamı? qadayalmaymıma?can't I clench? | senqadayalmaymısa?can't you clench? | olqadayalmaymıdı?can't he clench? | bizqadayalmaybızmı? qadayalmaymıbız?can't we clench? | sizqadayalmaymısız?can't you all clench? | alaqadayalmaymıdıla?can't they clench? |
| Ability — if I can… | menqadayalsamif I can clench | senqadayalsaŋif you can clench | olqadayalsaif he can clench | bizqadayalsaqif we can clench | sizqadayalsağızif you all can clench | alaqadayalsalaif they can clench |
| Ability — if I can… | menqadayalmasamif I can't clench | senqadayalmasaŋif you can't clench | olqadayalmasaif he can't clench | bizqadayalmasaqif we can't clench | sizqadayalmasağızif you all can't clench | alaqadayalmasalaif they can't clench |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menqadayaldımI was able to clench | senqadayaldıŋyou were able to clench | olqadayaldıhe was able to clench | bizqadayaldıqwe were able to clench | sizqadayaldığızyou all were able to clench | alaqadayaldılathey were able to clench |
| Ability — simple past | menqadayalmadımI could not clench | senqadayalmadıŋyou could not clench | olqadayalmadıhe could not clench | bizqadayalmadıqwe could not clench | sizqadayalmadığızyou all could not clench | alaqadayalmadılathey could not clench |
| Ability — simple past | menqadayaldımmı?was I able to clench? | senqadayaldıŋmı?were you able to clench? | olqadayaldımı?was he able to clench? | bizqadayaldıqmı?were we able to clench? | sizqadayaldığızmı?were you all able to clench? | alaqadayaldılamı?were they able to clench? |
| Ability — simple past | menqadayalmadımmı?couldn't I clench? | senqadayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you clench? | olqadayalmadımı?couldn't he clench? | bizqadayalmadıqmı?couldn't we clench? | sizqadayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all clench? | alaqadayalmadılamı?couldn't they clench? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqadayalğanmaI have been able to clench | senqadayalğansayou have been able to clench | olqadayalğandıhe has been able to clench | bizqadayalğanbızwe have been able to clench | sizqadayalğansızyou all have been able to clench | alaqadayalğandılathey have been able to clench |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqadayalmağanmaI haven't been able to clench | senqadayalmağansayou haven't been able to clench | olqadayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to clench | bizqadayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to clench | sizqadayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to clench | alaqadayalmağandılathey haven't been able to clench |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqadayalğanmamı? qadayalğanmıma?have I been able to clench? | senqadayalğanmısa?have you been able to clench? | olqadayalğanmıdı?has he been able to clench? | bizqadayalğanbızmı? qadayalğanmıbız?have we been able to clench? | sizqadayalğanmısız?have you all been able to clench? | alaqadayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to clench? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menqadayalmağanmamı? qadayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to clench? | senqadayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to clench? | olqadayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to clench? | bizqadayalmağanbızmı? qadayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to clench? | sizqadayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to clench? | alaqadayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to clench? |
| Ability — past perfect | menqadayalğan edimqadayalğanemI had been able to clench | senqadayalğan ediŋqadayalğaneŋyou had been able to clench | olqadayalğan ediqadayalğanedhe had been able to clench | bizqadayalğan edikqadayalğanekwe had been able to clench | sizqadayalğan edigizqadayalğanegizyou all had been able to clench | alaqadayalğan edileqadayalğanellethey had been able to clench |
| Ability — past perfect | menqadayalmağan edimqadayalmağanemI hadn't been able to clench | senqadayalmağan ediŋqadayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to clench | olqadayalmağan ediqadayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to clench | bizqadayalmağan edikqadayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to clench | sizqadayalmağan edigizqadayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to clench | alaqadayalmağan edileqadayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to clench |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menqadayala edimqadayalaemI could clench | senqadayala ediŋqadayalaeŋyou could clench | olqadayala ediqadayalaedhe could clench | bizqadayala edikqadayalaekwe could clench | sizqadayala edigizqadayalaegizyou all could clench | alaqadayala edileqadayalaellethey could clench |
| Ability — past background | menqadayalmay edimqadayalmayemI could not clench | senqadayalmay ediŋqadayalmayeŋyou could not clench | olqadayalmay ediqadayalmayedhe could not clench | bizqadayalmay edikqadayalmayekwe could not clench | sizqadayalmay edigizqadayalmayegizyou all could not clench | alaqadayalmay edileqadayalmayellethey could not clench |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menqadayalırmaI will be able to clench | senqadayalırsayou will be able to clench | olqadayalırhe will be able to clench | bizqadayalırbızwe will be able to clench | sizqadayalırsızyou all will be able to clench | alaqadayalırlathey will be able to clench |
| Ability — future I | menqadayalmazmaI won't be able to clench | senqadayalmazsayou won't be able to clench | olqadayalmazhe won't be able to clench | bizqadayalmazbızwe won't be able to clench | sizqadayalmazsızyou all won't be able to clench | alaqadayalmazlathey won't be able to clench |
| Ability — future I | menqadayalırmamı? qadayalırmıma?will I be able to clench? | senqadayalırmısa?will you be able to clench? | olqadayalırmı?will he be able to clench? | bizqadayalırbızmı? qadayalırmıbız?will we be able to clench? | sizqadayalırmısız?will you all be able to clench? | alaqadayalırlamı? qadayalırmıla?will they be able to clench? |
| Ability — future I | menqadayalmazmamı? qadayalmazmıma?won't I be able to clench? | senqadayalmazmısa?won't you be able to clench? | olqadayalmazmı?won't he be able to clench? | bizqadayalmazbızmı? qadayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to clench? | sizqadayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to clench? | alaqadayalmazlamı? qadayalmazmıla?won't they be able to clench? |
| Ability — future II | menqadayallıqmaI am going to be able to clench | senqadayallıqsayou are going to be able to clench | olqadayallıqdıhe is going to be able to clench | bizqadayallıqbızwe are going to be able to clench | sizqadayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to clench | alaqadayallıqdılathey are going to be able to clench |
| Ability — future II | menqadayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to clench | senqadayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to clench | olqadayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to clench | bizqadayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to clench | sizqadayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to clench | alaqadayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to clench |
| Ability — future II | menqadayallıqmamı? qadayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to clench? | senqadayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to clench? | olqadayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to clench? | bizqadayallıqbızmı? qadayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to clench? | sizqadayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to clench? | alaqadayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to clench? |
| Ability — future II | menqadayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to clench? | senqadayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to clench? | olqadayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to clench? | bizqadayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to clench? | sizqadayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to clench? | alaqadayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to clench? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menqadayalır edimqadayalır emI would be able to clench | senqadayalır ediŋqadayalır eŋyou would be able to clench | olqadayalır ediqadayalır edhe would be able to clench | bizqadayalır edikqadayalır ekwe would be able to clench | sizqadayalır edigizqadayalır egizyou all would be able to clench | alaqadayalır edileqadayalır ellethey would be able to clench |
| Ability — would be able to… | menqadayalmaz edimqadayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to clench | senqadayalmaz ediŋqadayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to clench | olqadayalmaz ediqadayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to clench | bizqadayalmaz edikqadayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to clench | sizqadayalmaz edigizqadayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to clench | alaqadayalmaz edileqadayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to clench |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senqadayalğınqadayalğımay you be able to clench | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senqadayalmağınqadayalmağımay you not be able to clench | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menqadarğa izleymeI want to clench | senqadarğa izleyseyou want to clench | olqadarğa izleydihe wants to clench | bizqadarğa izleybizwe want to clench | sizqadarğa izleysizyou all want to clench | alaqadarğa izleydilethey want to clench |
| want to | menqadarğa izlemeymeI do not want to clench | senqadarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to clench | olqadarğa izlemeydihe does not want to clench | bizqadarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to clench | sizqadarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to clench | alaqadarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to clench |
| would like to | menqadarğa süemeI would like to clench | senqadarğa süeseyou would like to clench | olqadarğa süedihe would like to clench | bizqadarğa süebizwe would like to clench | sizqadarğa süesizyou all would like to clench | alaqadarğa süedilethey would like to clench |
| would like to | menqadarğa süymeymeI would not like to clench | senqadarğa süymeyseyou would not like to clench | olqadarğa süymeydihe would not like to clench | bizqadarğa süymeybizwe would not like to clench | sizqadarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to clench | alaqadarğa süymeydilethey would not like to clench |
| hope to | menqadarğa umutlanamaI hope to clench | senqadarğa umutlanasayou hope to clench | olqadarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to clench | bizqadarğa umutlanabızwe hope to clench | sizqadarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to clench | alaqadarğa umutlanadılathey hope to clench |
| hope to | menqadarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to clench | senqadarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to clench | olqadarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to clench | bizqadarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to clench | sizqadarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to clench | alaqadarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to clench |
| be about to | menqadarğa deb turamaI am about to clench | senqadarğa deb turasayou are about to clench | olqadarğa deb turadıhe is about to clench | bizqadarğa deb turabızwe are about to clench | sizqadarğa deb turasızyou all are about to clench | alaqadarğa deb turadılathey are about to clench |
| be about to | menqadarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to clench | senqadarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to clench | olqadarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to clench | bizqadarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to clench | sizqadarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to clench | alaqadarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to clench |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menqadarğa kerekmeI need to clench | senqadarğa kerekseyou need to clench | olqadarğa kerekdihe needs to clench | bizqadarğa kerekbizwe need to clench | sizqadarğa kereksizyou all need to clench | alaqadarğa kerekdilethey need to clench |
| need to | menqadarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to clench | senqadarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to clench | olqadarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to clench | bizqadarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to clench | sizqadarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to clench | alaqadarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to clench |
| have to | menmenŋe qadarğa tüşediI have to clench | sensenŋe qadarğa tüşediyou have to clench | olaŋa qadarğa tüşedihe has to clench | bizbizge qadarğa tüşediwe have to clench | sizsizge qadarğa tüşediyou all have to clench | alaalağa qadarğa tüşedithey have to clench |
| have to | menmenŋe qadarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to clench | sensenŋe qadarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to clench | olaŋa qadarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to clench | bizbizge qadarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to clench | sizsizge qadarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to clench | alaalağa qadarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to clench |
| be obliged to | menqadarğa borçlumaI am obliged to clench | senqadarğa borçlusayou are obliged to clench | olqadarğa borçluduhe is obliged to clench | bizqadarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to clench | sizqadarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to clench | alaqadarğa borçludulathey are obliged to clench |
| be obliged to | menqadarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to clench | senqadarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to clench | olqadarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to clench | bizqadarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to clench | sizqadarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to clench | alaqadarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to clench |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menqadarğa madarım bardıI have a way to clench | senqadarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to clench | olqadarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to clench | bizqadarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to clench | sizqadarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to clench | alaqadarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to clench |
| have a way to | menqadarğa madarım joqduI have no way to clench | senqadarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to clench | olqadarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to clench | bizqadarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to clench | sizqadarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to clench | alaqadarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to clench |
| be free to | menqadarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to clench | senqadarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to clench | olqadarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to clench | bizqadarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to clench | sizqadarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to clench | alaqadarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to clench |
| be free to | menqadarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to clench | senqadarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to clench | olqadarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to clench | bizqadarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to clench | sizqadarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to clench | alaqadarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to clench |
| be possible to | menmenŋe qadarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to clench | sensenŋe qadarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to clench | olaŋa qadarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to clench | bizbizge qadarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to clench | sizsizge qadarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to clench | alaalağa qadarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to clench |
| be possible to | menmenŋe qadarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to clench | sensenŋe qadarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to clench | olaŋa qadarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to clench | bizbizge qadarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to clench | sizsizge qadarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to clench | alaalağa qadarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to clench |
| be ready to | menqadarğa hazırmaI am ready to clench | senqadarğa hazırsayou are ready to clench | olqadarğa hazırdıhe is ready to clench | bizqadarğa hazırbızwe are ready to clench | sizqadarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to clench | alaqadarğa hazırdılathey are ready to clench |
| be ready to | menqadarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to clench | senqadarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to clench | olqadarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to clench | bizqadarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to clench | sizqadarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to clench | alaqadarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to clench |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menqadarğa küreşemeI am trying to clench | senqadarğa küreşeseyou are trying to clench | olqadarğa küreşedihe is trying to clench | bizqadarğa küreşebizwe are trying to clench | sizqadarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to clench | alaqadarğa küreşedilethey are trying to clench |
| try to | menqadarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to clench | senqadarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to clench | olqadarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to clench | bizqadarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to clench | sizqadarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to clench | alaqadarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to clench |
| agree to | menqadarğa unaymaI agree to clench | senqadarğa unaysayou agree to clench | olqadarğa unaydıhe agrees to clench | bizqadarğa unaybızwe agree to clench | sizqadarğa unaysızyou all agree to clench | alaqadarğa unaydılathey agree to clench |
| agree to | menqadarğa unamaymaI refuse to clench | senqadarğa unamaysayou refuse to clench | olqadarğa unamaydıhe refuses to clench | bizqadarğa unamaybızwe refuse to clench | sizqadarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to clench | alaqadarğa unamaydılathey refuse to clench |
| hurry to | menqadarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to clench | senqadarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to clench | olqadarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to clench | bizqadarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to clench | sizqadarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to clench | alaqadarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to clench |
| hurry to | menqadarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to clench | senqadarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to clench | olqadarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to clench | bizqadarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to clench | sizqadarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to clench | alaqadarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to clench |
| be afraid to | menqadarğa qorqamaI am afraid to clench | senqadarğa qorqasayou are afraid to clench | olqadarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to clench | bizqadarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to clench | sizqadarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to clench | alaqadarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to clench |
| be afraid to | menqadarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to clench | senqadarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to clench | olqadarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to clench | bizqadarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to clench | sizqadarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to clench | alaqadarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to clench |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menqaday bolmazmaI can't be clenching | senqaday bolmazsayou can't be clenching | olqaday bolmazhe can't be clenching | bizqaday bolmazbızwe can't be clenching | sizqaday bolmazsızyou all can't be clenching | alaqaday bolmazlathey can't be clenching |
| Inference, present — double negation | menqadamay bolmazmaI must be clenching (emphatic) | senqadamay bolmazsayou must be clenching (emphatic) | olqadamay bolmazhe must be clenching (emphatic) | bizqadamay bolmazbızwe must be clenching (emphatic) | sizqadamay bolmazsızyou all must be clenching (emphatic) | alaqadamay bolmazlathey must be clenching (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menqaday turmasamif I don't keep clenching | senqaday turmasaŋif you don't keep clenching | olqaday turmasaif he doesn't keep clenching | bizqaday turmasaqif we don't keep clenching | sizqaday turmasağızif you all don't keep clenching | alaqaday turmasalaif they don't keep clenching |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menqaday tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of clenching | senqaday tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of clenching | olqaday tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of clenching | bizqaday tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of clenching | sizqaday tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of clenching | alaqaday tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of clenching |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menqadamay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not clenching (emphatic) | senqadamay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not clenching (emphatic) | olqadamay tura bolmazhe must keep on not clenching (emphatic) | bizqadamay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not clenching (emphatic) | sizqadamay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not clenching (emphatic) | alaqadamay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not clenching (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menqadamay turamaI keep on not clenching | senqadamay turasayou keep on not clenching | olqadamay turadıhe keeps on not clenching | bizqadamay turabızwe keep on not clenching | sizqadamay turasızyou all keep on not clenching | alaqadamay turadılathey keep on not clenching |
| Progressive — double negation | menqadamay turmaymaI am not keeping on not clenching | senqadamay turmaysayou are not keeping on not clenching | olqadamay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not clenching | bizqadamay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not clenching | sizqadamay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not clenching | alaqadamay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not clenching |
| Progressive — double negation | menqadamay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not clenching? | senqadamay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not clenching? | olqadamay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not clenching? | bizqadamay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not clenching? | sizqadamay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not clenching? | alaqadamay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not clenching? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menqadağan bolmazmaI can't have clenched | senqadağan bolmazsayou can't have clenched | olqadağan bolmazhe can't have clenched | bizqadağan bolmazbızwe can't have clenched | sizqadağan bolmazsızyou all can't have clenched | alaqadağan bolmazlathey can't have clenched |
| Inference — double negation | menqadamağan bolmazmaI must have clenched (emphatic) | senqadamağan bolmazsayou must have clenched (emphatic) | olqadamağan bolmazhe must have clenched (emphatic) | bizqadamağan bolmazbızwe must have clenched (emphatic) | sizqadamağan bolmazsızyou all must have clenched (emphatic) | alaqadamağan bolmazlathey must have clenched (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menqadağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had clenched | senqadağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had clenched | olqadağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had clenched | bizqadağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had clenched | sizqadağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had clenched | alaqadağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had clenched |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menqadamağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't clenched | senqadamağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't clenched | olqadamağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't clenched | bizqadamağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't clenched | sizqadamağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't clenched | alaqadamağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't clenched |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menqadarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to clench | senqadarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to clench | olqadarıq bolmazhe can't be going to clench | bizqadarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to clench | sizqadarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to clench | alaqadarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to clench |
| Inference, future — double negation | menqadamazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to clench (emphatic) | senqadamazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to clench (emphatic) | olqadamazlıq bolmazhe must be going to clench (emphatic) | bizqadamazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to clench (emphatic) | sizqadamazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to clench (emphatic) | alaqadamazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to clench (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menqadarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to clench | senqadarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to clench | olqadarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to clench | bizqadarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to clench | sizqadarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to clench | alaqadarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to clench |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menqadamazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to clench | senqadamazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to clench | olqadamazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to clench | bizqadamazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to clench | sizqadamazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to clench | alaqadamazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to clench |