progul
/proɡul/ · plural progulla
unexcused absence from work — With eterge it forms progul eterge, meaning skip work without a valid reason. The native phrase işge çıqmay qalıw means the same: failing to turn up for work.
- progul eterge — to commit an unexcused absence
- ol bügün progul etdi — he committed an unexcused absence today
- men bir progul da etmegenme — I haven't committed a single unexcused absence
- progul üçün anı işden çığardıla — they dismissed him from work for an unexcused absence
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | progulthe absence | progulummy absence | proguluŋyour absence | proguluhis absence | progulubuzour absence | proguluğuzyou all's absence | progullarıtheir absences |
| Genitive | progulnuthe absence's | progulumumy absence's | proguluŋuyour absence's | progulunuhis absence's | progulubuznuour absence's | proguluğuznuyou all's absence's | progullarınıtheir absences' |
| Accusative | progulnuthe absence (as the object) | progulumumy absence (as the object) | proguluŋuyour absence (as the object) | progulunhis absence (as the object) | progulubuznuour absence (as the object) | proguluğuznuyou all's absence (as the object) | progullarıntheir absences (as the object) |
| Dative | progulğato the absence | progulumato my absence | proguluŋato your absence | progulunato his absence | progulubuzğato our absence | proguluğuzğato you all's absence | progullarınato their absences |
| Locative | proguldain / at the absence | progulumdain / at my absence | proguluŋdain / at your absence | progulundain / at his absence | progulubuzdain / at our absence | proguluğuzdain / at you all's absence | progullarındain / at their absences |
| Ablative | proguldanfrom the absence | progulumdanfrom my absence | proguluŋdanfrom your absence | progulundanfrom his absence | progulubuzdanfrom our absence | proguluğuzdanfrom you all's absence | progullarındanfrom their absences |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | progullathe absences | progullarımmy absences | progullarıŋyour absences | progullarıhis absences | progullarıbızour absences | progullarığızyou all's absences | progullarıtheir absences |
| Genitive | progullanıthe absences' | progullarımımy absences' | progullarıŋıyour absences' | progullarınıhis absences' | progullarıbıznıour absences' | progullarığıznıyou all's absences' | progullarınıtheir absences' |
| Accusative | progullanıthe absences (as the object) | progullarımımy absences (as the object) | progullarıŋıyour absences (as the object) | progullarınhis absences (as the object) | progullarıbıznıour absences (as the object) | progullarığıznıyou all's absences (as the object) | progullarıntheir absences (as the object) |
| Dative | progullağato the absences | progullarımato my absences | progullarıŋato your absences | progullarınato his absences | progullarıbızğato our absences | progullarığızğato you all's absences | progullarınato their absences |
| Locative | progulladain / at the absences | progullarımdain / at my absences | progullarıŋdain / at your absences | progullarındain / at his absences | progullarıbızdain / at our absences | progullarığızdain / at you all's absences | progullarındain / at their absences |
| Ablative | progulladanfrom the absences | progullarımdanfrom my absences | progullarıŋdanfrom your absences | progullarındanfrom his absences | progullarıbızdanfrom our absences | progullarığızdanfrom you all's absences | progullarındanfrom their absences |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: progulları can mean "his / her absences", "their absence", or "their absences" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.