orta
/orta/
Definitions
1. the middle, the middle point of a thing or a stretch of time
- aynı ortası — the middle of the month
- suwnu ortasına deri — as far as the middle of the river
- qışnı ortası boldu — the middle of winter has come
- ortası bla — through the middle
2. the middling degree of something, the average, used before a noun for "medium, secondary" — the Russian dictionaries give this as the adjective «средний»; the Karachay is the same noun standing before another noun
- orta boylu — of middling height
- orta bağası — its average price
- orta şkolnu boşarğa — to finish the secondary school
3. the relations between people, the terms they are on
- ortabız igidi — our relations are good
- ortabız amandı — our relations are bad
- ortanı buzarğa — to spoil the relations, to set people at odds
Related
ortançıcognatemiddle, the middle one (by age); middle, the one in the middle of a row
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or .Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ortathe middle | ortalathe middles | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | ortanıthe middle's | ortalanıthe middles' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | ortanıthe middle (as the object) | ortalanıthe middles (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | ortağato the middle | ortalağato the middles | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | ortadaat / in the middle | ortaladaat / in the middles | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | ortadanfrom the middle | ortaladanfrom the middles | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | ortammy middle | ortalarımmy middles |
| your | ortangyour middle | ortalarıngyour middles |
| his / her | ortasıhis / her middle | ortalarıhis / her middles |
| our | ortabızour middle | ortalarıbızour middles |
| you all's | ortağızyou all's middle | ortalarığızyou all's middles |
| their | ortalarıtheir middle | ortalarıtheir middles |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: ortaları can mean "his / her middles", "their middle", or "their middles" — context decides.