oŋartırğa
/oŋartɯrʁa/
1. improve, set right (affairs, a situation) — Causative of oŋarırğa. Example: işni oŋartırğa "set matters right". one source
- işni oŋartırğa — to set matters right
- işni oŋartdı — he set the matter right
- işleribizni oŋartırbız — we will improve our affairs
- üyübüznü bolumun oŋartdıq — we improved the state of our household
- qolayın oŋartırğa küreşedi — he is trying to improve his situation
2. make prosperous, enrich; strengthen, exalt — Used in blessings: Teyri oŋartsın "may God grant prosperity". one source
- Teyri oŋartsın! — May God make you prosper!
- sabiyleriŋi Teyri oŋartsın — may God make your children prosper
Conjugation
Common forms
- oŋartadıhe is improving
- oŋartdıhe improved
- oŋarthandıhe has improved
- oŋartırhe will improve
- oŋartırıqdıhe is going to improve
- oŋarta edihe was improving
- oŋartsaif he improves
- oŋart!improve!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menoŋartamaI am improving | senoŋartasayou are improving | oloŋartadıhe is improving | bizoŋartabızwe are improving | sizoŋartasızyou all are improving | alaoŋartadılathey are improving |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menoŋartmaymaI am not improving | senoŋartmaysayou are not improving | oloŋartmaydıhe is not improving | bizoŋartmaybızwe are not improving | sizoŋartmaysızyou all are not improving | alaoŋartmaydılathey are not improving |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menoŋartamamı? oŋartamıma?am I improving? | senoŋartamısa?are you improving? | oloŋartamıdı?is he improving? | bizoŋartabızmı? oŋartamıbız?are we improving? | sizoŋartamısız?are you all improving? | alaoŋartamıdıla?are they improving? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menoŋartmaymamı? oŋartmaymıma?aren't I improving? | senoŋartmaymısa?aren't you improving? | oloŋartmaymıdı?isn't he improving? | bizoŋartmaybızmı? oŋartmaymıbız?aren't we improving? | sizoŋartmaymısız?aren't you all improving? | alaoŋartmaymıdıla?aren't they improving? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menoŋartıwçanmaI usually improve | senoŋartıwçansayou usually improve | oloŋartıwçandıhe usually improves | bizoŋartıwçanbızwe usually improve | sizoŋartıwçansızyou all usually improve | alaoŋartıwçandılathey usually improve |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menoŋartmawçanmaI usually don't improve | senoŋartmawçansayou usually don't improve | oloŋartmawçandıhe usually doesn't improve | bizoŋartmawçanbızwe usually don't improve | sizoŋartmawçansızyou all usually don't improve | alaoŋartmawçandılathey usually don't improve |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menoŋartıwçanmamı? oŋartıwçanmıma?do I usually improve? | senoŋartıwçanmısa?do you usually improve? | oloŋartıwçanmıdı?does he usually improve? | bizoŋartıwçanbızmı? oŋartıwçanmıbız?do we usually improve? | sizoŋartıwçanmısız?do you all usually improve? | alaoŋartıwçanmıdıla?do they usually improve? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menoŋartmawçanmamı? oŋartmawçanmıma?do I usually not improve? | senoŋartmawçanmısa?do you usually not improve? | oloŋartmawçanmıdı?does he usually not improve? | bizoŋartmawçanbızmı? oŋartmawçanmıbız?do we usually not improve? | sizoŋartmawçanmısız?do you all usually not improve? | alaoŋartmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not improve? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oloŋartıbdıhe has improved and remains so | alaoŋartıbdılathey have improved and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oloŋartıbmıdı?has he improved? | alaoŋartıbmıdıla?have they improved? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menoŋartıb turamaI keep improving | senoŋartıb turasayou keep improving | oloŋartıb turadıhe keeps improving | bizoŋartıb turabızwe keep improving | sizoŋartıb turasızyou all keep improving | alaoŋartıb turadılathey keep improving |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menoŋartıb turmaymaI don't keep improving | senoŋartıb turmaysayou don't keep improving | oloŋartıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep improving | bizoŋartıb turmaybızwe don't keep improving | sizoŋartıb turmaysızyou all don't keep improving | alaoŋartıb turmaydılathey don't keep improving |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menoŋartıb turamamı? oŋartıb turamıma?do I keep improving? | senoŋartıb turamısa?do you keep improving? | oloŋartıb turamıdı?does he keep improving? | bizoŋartıb turabızmı? oŋartıb turamıbız?do we keep improving? | sizoŋartıb turamısız?do you all keep improving? | alaoŋartıb turamıdıla?do they keep improving? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menoŋartıb turmaymamı? oŋartıb turmaymıma?don't I keep improving? | senoŋartıb turmaymısa?don't you keep improving? | oloŋartıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep improving? | bizoŋartıb turmaybızmı? oŋartıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep improving? | sizoŋartıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep improving? | alaoŋartıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep improving? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menoŋarta turamaI am in the middle of improving | senoŋarta turasayou are in the middle of improving | oloŋarta turadıhe is in the middle of improving | bizoŋarta turabızwe are in the middle of improving | sizoŋarta turasızyou all are in the middle of improving | alaoŋarta turadılathey are in the middle of improving |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menoŋarta turmaymaI am not in the middle of improving | senoŋarta turmaysayou are not in the middle of improving | oloŋarta turmaydıhe is not in the middle of improving | bizoŋarta turmaybızwe are not in the middle of improving | sizoŋarta turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of improving | alaoŋarta turmaydılathey are not in the middle of improving |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menoŋarta turamamı? oŋarta turamıma?am I in the middle of improving? | senoŋarta turamısa?are you in the middle of improving? | oloŋarta turamıdı?is he in the middle of improving? | bizoŋarta turabızmı? oŋarta turamıbız?are we in the middle of improving? | sizoŋarta turamısız?are you all in the middle of improving? | alaoŋarta turamıdıla?are they in the middle of improving? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menoŋarta turmaymamı? oŋarta turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of improving? | senoŋarta turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of improving? | oloŋarta turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of improving? | bizoŋarta turmaybızmı? oŋarta turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of improving? | sizoŋarta turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of improving? | alaoŋarta turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of improving? |
| Simple past (definite) | menoŋartdımI improved | senoŋartdıŋyou improved | oloŋartdıhe improved | bizoŋartdıqwe improved | sizoŋartdığızyou all improved | alaoŋartdılathey improved |
| Simple past (definite) | menoŋartmadımI didn't improve | senoŋartmadıŋyou didn't improve | oloŋartmadıhe didn't improve | bizoŋartmadıqwe didn't improve | sizoŋartmadığızyou all didn't improve | alaoŋartmadılathey didn't improve |
| Simple past (definite) | menoŋartdımmı?did I improve? | senoŋartdıŋmı?did you improve? | oloŋartdımı?did he improve? | bizoŋartdıqmı?did we improve? | sizoŋartdığızmı?did you all improve? | alaoŋartdılamı?did they improve? |
| Simple past (definite) | menoŋartmadımmı?didn't I improve? | senoŋartmadıŋmı?didn't you improve? | oloŋartmadımı?didn't he improve? | bizoŋartmadıqmı?didn't we improve? | sizoŋartmadığızmı?didn't you all improve? | alaoŋartmadılamı?didn't they improve? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menoŋarthanmaI have improved | senoŋarthansayou have improved | oloŋarthandıhe has improved | bizoŋarthanbızwe have improved | sizoŋarthansızyou all have improved | alaoŋarthandılathey have improved |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menoŋartmağanmaI haven't improved | senoŋartmağansayou haven't improved | oloŋartmağandıhe hasn't improved | bizoŋartmağanbızwe haven't improved | sizoŋartmağansızyou all haven't improved | alaoŋartmağandılathey haven't improved |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menoŋarthanmamı? oŋarthanmıma?have I improved? | senoŋarthanmısa?have you improved? | oloŋarthanmıdı?has he improved? | bizoŋarthanbızmı? oŋarthanmıbız?have we improved? | sizoŋarthanmısız?have you all improved? | alaoŋarthanmıdıla?have they improved? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menoŋartmağanmamı? oŋartmağanmıma?haven't I improved? | senoŋartmağanmısa?haven't you improved? | oloŋartmağanmıdı?hasn't he improved? | bizoŋartmağanbızmı? oŋartmağanmıbız?haven't we improved? | sizoŋartmağanmısız?haven't you all improved? | alaoŋartmağanmıdıla?haven't they improved? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menoŋartıb turdumI kept improving | senoŋartıb turduŋyou kept improving | oloŋartıb turduhe kept improving | bizoŋartıb turduqwe kept improving | sizoŋartıb turduğuzyou all kept improving | alaoŋartıb turdulathey kept improving |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menoŋartıb turmadımI didn't keep improving | senoŋartıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep improving | oloŋartıb turmadıhe didn't keep improving | bizoŋartıb turmadıqwe didn't keep improving | sizoŋartıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep improving | alaoŋartıb turmadılathey didn't keep improving |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menoŋartırmaI will improve | senoŋartırsayou will improve | oloŋartırhe will improve | bizoŋartırbızwe will improve | sizoŋartırsızyou all will improve | alaoŋartırlathey will improve |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menoŋartmazmaI won't improve | senoŋartmazsayou won't improve | oloŋartmazhe won't improve | bizoŋartmazbızwe won't improve | sizoŋartmazsızyou all won't improve | alaoŋartmazlathey won't improve |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menoŋartırmamı? oŋartırmıma?will I improve? | senoŋartırmısa?will you improve? | oloŋartırmı?will he improve? | bizoŋartırbızmı? oŋartırmıbız?will we improve? | sizoŋartırmısız?will you all improve? | alaoŋartırlamı? oŋartırmıla?will they improve? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menoŋartmazmamı? oŋartmazmıma?won't I improve? | senoŋartmazmısa?won't you improve? | oloŋartmazmı?won't he improve? | bizoŋartmazbızmı? oŋartmazmıbız?won't we improve? | sizoŋartmazmısız?won't you all improve? | alaoŋartmazlamı? oŋartmazmıla?won't they improve? |
| Definite future (future II) | menoŋartırıqmaI am going to improve | senoŋartırıqsayou are going to improve | oloŋartırıqdıhe is going to improve | bizoŋartırıqbızwe are going to improve | sizoŋartırıqsızyou all are going to improve | alaoŋartırıqdılathey are going to improve |
| Definite future (future II) | menoŋartırıq tülmeI am not going to improve | senoŋartırıq tülseyou are not going to improve | oloŋartırıq tüldühe is not going to improve | bizoŋartırıq tülbüzwe are not going to improve | sizoŋartırıq tülsüzyou all are not going to improve | alaoŋartırıq tüldülethey are not going to improve |
| Definite future (future II) | menoŋartırıqmamı? oŋartırıqmıma?am I going to improve? | senoŋartırıqmısa?are you going to improve? | oloŋartırıqmıdı?is he going to improve? | bizoŋartırıqbızmı? oŋartırıqmıbız?are we going to improve? | sizoŋartırıqmısız?are you all going to improve? | alaoŋartırıqmıdıla?are they going to improve? |
| Definite future (future II) | menoŋartırıq tülmüme?aren't I going to improve? | senoŋartırıq tülmüse?aren't you going to improve? | oloŋartırıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to improve? | bizoŋartırıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to improve? | sizoŋartırıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to improve? | alaoŋartırıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to improve? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menoŋarthan edimoŋarthanemI had improved | senoŋarthan ediŋoŋarthaneŋyou had improved | oloŋarthan edioŋarthanedhe had improved | bizoŋarthan edikoŋarthanekwe had improved | sizoŋarthan edigizoŋarthanegizyou all had improved | alaoŋarthan edileoŋarthanellethey had improved |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menoŋartmağan edimoŋartmağanemI hadn't improved | senoŋartmağan ediŋoŋartmağaneŋyou hadn't improved | oloŋartmağan edioŋartmağanedhe hadn't improved | bizoŋartmağan edikoŋartmağanekwe hadn't improved | sizoŋartmağan edigizoŋartmağanegizyou all hadn't improved | alaoŋartmağan edileoŋartmağanellethey hadn't improved |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menoŋarta edimoŋartaemI was improving | senoŋarta ediŋoŋartaeŋyou were improving | oloŋarta edioŋartaedhe was improving | bizoŋarta edikoŋartaekwe were improving | sizoŋarta edigizoŋartaegizyou all were improving | alaoŋarta edileoŋartaellethey were improving |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menoŋartmay edimoŋartmayemI wasn't improving | senoŋartmay ediŋoŋartmayeŋyou weren't improving | oloŋartmay edioŋartmayedhe wasn't improving | bizoŋartmay edikoŋartmayekwe weren't improving | sizoŋartmay edigizoŋartmayegizyou all weren't improving | alaoŋartmay edileoŋartmayellethey weren't improving |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menoŋartıwçan edimoŋartıwçanemI used to improve | senoŋartıwçan ediŋoŋartıwçaneŋyou used to improve | oloŋartıwçan edioŋartıwçanedhe used to improve | bizoŋartıwçan edikoŋartıwçanekwe used to improve | sizoŋartıwçan edigizoŋartıwçanegizyou all used to improve | alaoŋartıwçan edileoŋartıwçanellethey used to improve |
| Habitual past (used to) | menoŋartmawçan edimoŋartmawçanemI didn't use to improve | senoŋartmawçan ediŋoŋartmawçaneŋyou didn't use to improve | oloŋartmawçan edioŋartmawçanedhe didn't use to improve | bizoŋartmawçan edikoŋartmawçanekwe didn't use to improve | sizoŋartmawçan edigizoŋartmawçanegizyou all didn't use to improve | alaoŋartmawçan edileoŋartmawçanellethey didn't use to improve |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oloŋartıb edihe had improved and remained so | alaoŋartıb edilethey had improved and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oloŋartıb tül edihe hadn't improved | alaoŋartıb tül edilethey hadn't improved | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menoŋartıb tura edimoŋartıb turaemI had kept improving | senoŋartıb tura ediŋoŋartıb turaeŋyou had kept improving | oloŋartıb tura edioŋartıb turaedhe had kept improving | bizoŋartıb tura edikoŋartıb turaekwe had kept improving | sizoŋartıb tura edigizoŋartıb turaegizyou all had kept improving | alaoŋartıb tura edileoŋartıb turaellethey had kept improving |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menoŋartıb turmay edimoŋartıb turmayemI hadn't kept improving | senoŋartıb turmay ediŋoŋartıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept improving | oloŋartıb turmay edioŋartıb turmayedhe hadn't kept improving | bizoŋartıb turmay edikoŋartıb turmayekwe hadn't kept improving | sizoŋartıb turmay edigizoŋartıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept improving | alaoŋartıb turmay edileoŋartıb turmayellethey hadn't kept improving |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menoŋarta tura edimoŋarta turaemI was in the middle of improving | senoŋarta tura ediŋoŋarta turaeŋyou were in the middle of improving | oloŋarta tura edioŋarta turaedhe was in the middle of improving | bizoŋarta tura edikoŋarta turaekwe were in the middle of improving | sizoŋarta tura edigizoŋarta turaegizyou all were in the middle of improving | alaoŋarta tura edileoŋarta turaellethey were in the middle of improving |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menoŋarta turmay edimoŋarta turmayemI wasn't in the middle of improving | senoŋarta turmay ediŋoŋarta turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of improving | oloŋarta turmay edioŋarta turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of improving | bizoŋarta turmay edikoŋarta turmayekwe weren't in the middle of improving | sizoŋarta turmay edigizoŋarta turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of improving | alaoŋarta turmay edileoŋarta turmayellethey weren't in the middle of improving |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menoŋartır edimoŋartır emI would improve | senoŋartır ediŋoŋartır eŋyou would improve | oloŋartır edioŋartır edhe would improve | bizoŋartır edikoŋartır ekwe would improve | sizoŋartır edigizoŋartır egizyou all would improve | alaoŋartır edileoŋartır ellethey would improve |
| Conditional result (would) | menoŋartmaz edimoŋartmaz emI wouldn't improve | senoŋartmaz ediŋoŋartmaz eŋyou wouldn't improve | oloŋartmaz edioŋartmaz edhe wouldn't improve | bizoŋartmaz edikoŋartmaz ekwe wouldn't improve | sizoŋartmaz edigizoŋartmaz egizyou all wouldn't improve | alaoŋartmaz edileoŋartmaz ellethey wouldn't improve |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menoŋartırıq edimoŋartırıq emI would have improved | senoŋartırıq ediŋoŋartırıq eŋyou would have improved | oloŋartırıq edioŋartırıq edhe would have improved | bizoŋartırıq edikoŋartırıq ekwe would have improved | sizoŋartırıq edigizoŋartırıq egizyou all would have improved | alaoŋartırıq edileoŋartırıq ellethey would have improved |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menoŋartırıq tül edimoŋartırıq tül emI wouldn't have improved | senoŋartırıq tül ediŋoŋartırıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have improved | oloŋartırıq tül edioŋartırıq tül edhe wouldn't have improved | bizoŋartırıq tül edikoŋartırıq tül ekwe wouldn't have improved | sizoŋartırıq tül edigizoŋartırıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have improved | alaoŋartırıq tül edileoŋartırıq tül ellethey wouldn't have improved |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menoŋartsamif I improve | senoŋartsaŋif you improve | oloŋartsaif he improves | bizoŋartsaqif we improve | sizoŋartsağızif you all improve | alaoŋartsalaif they improve |
| Conditional | menoŋartmasamif I don't improve | senoŋartmasaŋif you don't improve | oloŋartmasaif he doesn't improve | bizoŋartmasaqif we don't improve | sizoŋartmasağızif you all don't improve | alaoŋartmasalaif they don't improve |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menoŋarta esemif I am improving | senoŋarta eseŋif you are improving | oloŋarta eseif he is improving | bizoŋarta esekif we are improving | sizoŋarta esegizif you all are improving | alaoŋarta eseleif they are improving |
| Conditional, present real | menoŋartmay esemif I am not improving | senoŋartmay eseŋif you are not improving | oloŋartmay eseif he is not improving | bizoŋartmay esekif we are not improving | sizoŋartmay esegizif you all are not improving | alaoŋartmay eseleif they are not improving |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menoŋartsam edioŋartsam edif only I improved | senoŋartsaŋ edioŋartsaŋ edif only you improved | oloŋartsa edioŋartsaedif only he improved | bizoŋartsaq edioŋartsaq edif only we improved | sizoŋartsağız edioŋartsağız edif only you all improved | alaoŋartsala edioŋartsalaedif only they improved |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menoŋartmasam edioŋartmasam edif only I didn't improve | senoŋartmasaŋ edioŋartmasaŋ edif only you didn't improve | oloŋartmasa edioŋartmasaedif only he didn't improve | bizoŋartmasaq edioŋartmasaq edif only we didn't improve | sizoŋartmasağız edioŋartmasağız edif only you all didn't improve | alaoŋartmasala edioŋartmasalaedif only they didn't improve |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menoŋartıb tursamif I carry on improving | senoŋartıb tursaŋif you carry on improving | oloŋartıb tursaif he carries on improving | bizoŋartıb tursaqif we carry on improving | sizoŋartıb tursağızif you all carry on improving | alaoŋartıb tursalaif they carry on improving |
| Durative conditional | menoŋartıb turmasamif I don't carry on improving | senoŋartıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on improving | oloŋartıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on improving | bizoŋartıb turmasaqif we don't carry on improving | sizoŋartıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on improving | alaoŋartıb turmasalaif they don't carry on improving |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menoŋartıb tura esemif I have kept improving | senoŋartıb tura eseŋif you have kept improving | oloŋartıb tura eseif he has kept improving | bizoŋartıb tura esekif we have kept improving | sizoŋartıb tura esegizif you all have kept improving | alaoŋartıb tura eseleif they have kept improving |
| Durative conditional, present real | menoŋartıb turmay esemif I haven't kept improving | senoŋartıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept improving | oloŋartıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept improving | bizoŋartıb turmay esekif we haven't kept improving | sizoŋartıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept improving | alaoŋartıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept improving |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menoŋarta tursamif I keep improving | senoŋarta tursaŋif you keep improving | oloŋarta tursaif he keeps improving | bizoŋarta tursaqif we keep improving | sizoŋarta tursağızif you all keep improving | alaoŋarta tursalaif they keep improving |
| Progressive conditional | menoŋartmay tursamif I keep on not improving | senoŋartmay tursaŋif you keep on not improving | oloŋartmay tursaif he keeps on not improving | bizoŋartmay tursaqif we keep on not improving | sizoŋartmay tursağızif you all keep on not improving | alaoŋartmay tursalaif they keep on not improving |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menoŋarta tura esemif I am in the middle of improving | senoŋarta tura eseŋif you are in the middle of improving | oloŋarta tura eseif he is in the middle of improving | bizoŋarta tura esekif we are in the middle of improving | sizoŋarta tura esegizif you all are in the middle of improving | alaoŋarta tura eseleif they are in the middle of improving |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menoŋartmay tura esemif I keep on not improving | senoŋartmay tura eseŋif you keep on not improving | oloŋartmay tura eseif he keeps on not improving | bizoŋartmay tura esekif we keep on not improving | sizoŋartmay tura esegizif you all keep on not improving | alaoŋartmay tura eseleif they keep on not improving |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menoŋartdım esemif I improved | senoŋartdıŋ eseŋif you improved | oloŋartdı eseif he improved | bizoŋartdıq esekif we improved | sizoŋartdığız esegizif you all improved | alaoŋartdıla eseleif they improved |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menoŋartmadım esemif I didn't improve | senoŋartmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't improve | oloŋartmadı eseif he didn't improve | bizoŋartmadıq esekif we didn't improve | sizoŋartmadığız esegizif you all didn't improve | alaoŋartmadıla eseleif they didn't improve |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menoŋarthan esemif I did improve (indeed) | senoŋarthan eseŋif you did improve (indeed) | oloŋarthan eseif he did improve (indeed) | bizoŋarthan esekif we did improve (indeed) | sizoŋarthan esegizif you all did improve (indeed) | alaoŋarthan eseleif they did improve (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menoŋartmağan esemif I didn't improve (indeed) | senoŋartmağan eseŋif you didn't improve (indeed) | oloŋartmağan eseif he didn't improve (indeed) | bizoŋartmağan esekif we didn't improve (indeed) | sizoŋartmağan esegizif you all didn't improve (indeed) | alaoŋartmağan eseleif they didn't improve (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menoŋarthan bolsamif I had improved | senoŋarthan bolsaŋif you had improved | oloŋarthan bolsaif he had improved | bizoŋarthan bolsaqif we had improved | sizoŋarthan bolsağızif you all had improved | alaoŋarthan bolsalaif they had improved |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menoŋartmağan bolsamif I hadn't improved | senoŋartmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't improved | oloŋartmağan bolsaif he hadn't improved | bizoŋartmağan bolsaqif we hadn't improved | sizoŋartmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't improved | alaoŋartmağan bolsalaif they hadn't improved |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menoŋarthan bolsam edioŋarthan bolsam edif only I had improved | senoŋarthan bolsaŋ edioŋarthan bolsaŋ edif only you had improved | oloŋarthan bolsa edioŋarthan bolsaedif only he had improved | bizoŋarthan bolsaq edioŋarthan bolsaq edif only we had improved | sizoŋarthan bolsağız edioŋarthan bolsağız edif only you all had improved | alaoŋarthan bolsala edioŋarthan bolsalaedif only they had improved |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menoŋartmağan bolsam edioŋartmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't improved | senoŋartmağan bolsaŋ edioŋartmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't improved | oloŋartmağan bolsa edioŋartmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't improved | bizoŋartmağan bolsaq edioŋartmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't improved | sizoŋartmağan bolsağız edioŋartmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't improved | alaoŋartmağan bolsala edioŋartmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't improved |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menoŋartır esemif I will improve | senoŋartır eseŋif you will improve | oloŋartır eseif he will improve | bizoŋartır esekif we will improve | sizoŋartır esegizif you all will improve | alaoŋartır eseleif they will improve |
| Conditional, aorist | menoŋartmaz esemif I won't improve | senoŋartmaz eseŋif you won't improve | oloŋartmaz eseif he won't improve | bizoŋartmaz esekif we won't improve | sizoŋartmaz esegizif you all won't improve | alaoŋartmaz eseleif they won't improve |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menoŋartırıq esemif I am going to improve | senoŋartırıq eseŋif you are going to improve | oloŋartırıq eseif he is going to improve | bizoŋartırıq esekif we are going to improve | sizoŋartırıq esegizif you all are going to improve | alaoŋartırıq eseleif they are going to improve |
| Conditional, future | menoŋartırıq tül esemif I am not going to improve | senoŋartırıq tül eseŋif you are not going to improve | oloŋartırıq tül eseif he is not going to improve | bizoŋartırıq tül esekif we are not going to improve | sizoŋartırıq tül esegizif you all are not going to improve | alaoŋartırıq tül eseleif they are not going to improve |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menoŋartırıq bolsamif I were going to improve | senoŋartırıq bolsaŋif you were going to improve | oloŋartırıq bolsaif he were going to improve | bizoŋartırıq bolsaqif we were going to improve | sizoŋartırıq bolsağızif you all were going to improve | alaoŋartırıq bolsalaif they were going to improve |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menoŋartmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to improve | senoŋartmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to improve | oloŋartmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to improve | bizoŋartmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to improve | sizoŋartmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to improve | alaoŋartmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to improve |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso oŋartdıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menoŋarta bolurmaI must be improving | senoŋarta bolursayou must be improving | oloŋarta bolurhe must be improving | bizoŋarta bolurbuzwe must be improving | sizoŋarta bolursuzyou all must be improving | alaoŋarta bolurlathey must be improving |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menoŋartmay bolurmaI must not be improving | senoŋartmay bolursayou must not be improving | oloŋartmay bolurhe must not be improving | bizoŋartmay bolurbuzwe must not be improving | sizoŋartmay bolursuzyou all must not be improving | alaoŋartmay bolurlathey must not be improving |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menoŋarta tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of improving | senoŋarta tura bolursayou must be in the middle of improving | oloŋarta tura bolurhe must be in the middle of improving | bizoŋarta tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of improving | sizoŋarta tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of improving | alaoŋarta tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of improving |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menoŋartmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not improving | senoŋartmay tura bolursayou must keep on not improving | oloŋartmay tura bolurhe must keep on not improving | bizoŋartmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not improving | sizoŋartmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not improving | alaoŋartmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not improving |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menoŋarthan bolurmaI must have improved | senoŋarthan bolursayou must have improved | oloŋarthan bolurhe must have improved | bizoŋarthan bolurbuzwe must have improved | sizoŋarthan bolursuzyou all must have improved | alaoŋarthan bolurlathey must have improved |
| Inference (must have) | menoŋartmağan bolurmaI must not have improved | senoŋartmağan bolursayou must not have improved | oloŋartmağan bolurhe must not have improved | bizoŋartmağan bolurbuzwe must not have improved | sizoŋartmağan bolursuzyou all must not have improved | alaoŋartmağan bolurlathey must not have improved |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menoŋartırıq bolurmaI must be going to improve | senoŋartırıq bolursayou must be going to improve | oloŋartırıq bolurhe must be going to improve | bizoŋartırıq bolurbuzwe must be going to improve | sizoŋartırıq bolursuzyou all must be going to improve | alaoŋartırıq bolurlathey must be going to improve |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menoŋartmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to improve | senoŋartmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to improve | oloŋartmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to improve | bizoŋartmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to improve | sizoŋartmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to improve | alaoŋartmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to improve |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menoŋartayımlet me improve | senoŋart!improve! | oloŋartsınlet him improve | bizoŋartayıqlet's improve | sizoŋartığız!improve, you all! | alaoŋartsınlalet them improve |
| Commands & suggestions | menoŋartmayımlet me not improve | senoŋartma!don't improve! | oloŋartmasınlet him not improve | bizoŋartmayıqlet's not improve | sizoŋartmağız!don't improve, you all! | alaoŋartmasınlalet them not improve |
| Commands & suggestions | menoŋartayımmı?shall I improve? | oloŋartsınmı?should he improve? | bizoŋartayıqmı?shall we improve? | alaoŋartsınlamı?should they improve? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menoŋartmayımmı?shall I not improve? | oloŋartmasınmı?should he not improve? | bizoŋartmayıqmı?shall we not improve? | alaoŋartmasınlamı?should they not improve? | ||
| Requests | senoŋartçı2oŋartçınplease improve | oloŋartsınçıdo let him improve | sizoŋartçığızplease improve (plural/polite) | alaoŋartsınlaçıdo let them improve | ||
| Requests | senoŋartmaçı2oŋartmaçınplease don't improve | oloŋartmasınçıdo let him not improve | sizoŋartmaçığızplease don't improve (plural/polite) | alaoŋartmasınlaçıdo let them not improve | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senoŋarthınoŋarthımay you improve | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senoŋartmağınoŋartmağımay you not improve | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menoŋarthay edim oŋartha edimwould that I improved | senoŋarthay ediŋ oŋartha ediŋwould that you improved | oloŋarthay edi oŋartha ediwould that he improved | bizoŋarthay edik oŋartha edikwould that we improved | sizoŋarthay edigiz oŋartha edigizwould that you all improved | alaoŋarthay edile oŋartha edilewould that they improved |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menoŋartmağay edim oŋartmağa edimwould that I did not improve | senoŋartmağay ediŋ oŋartmağa ediŋwould that you did not improve | oloŋartmağay edi oŋartmağa ediwould that he did not improve | bizoŋartmağay edik oŋartmağa edikwould that we did not improve | sizoŋartmağay edigiz oŋartmağa edigizwould that you all did not improve | alaoŋartmağay edile oŋartmağa edilewould that they did not improve |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menoŋartmağa qoyayımoŋartma qoyayımlet me allow someone to improve | senoŋartmağa qoy!oŋartma qoy!let someone improve! | oloŋartmağa qoysunoŋartma qoysunlet him allow someone to improve | bizoŋartmağa qoyayıqoŋartma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to improve | sizoŋartmağa qoyuğuz!oŋartma qoyuğuz!let someone improve, you all! | alaoŋartmağa qoysunlaoŋartma qoysunlalet them allow someone to improve |
| Let someone… (commands) | menoŋartmağa qoymayımoŋartma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to improve | senoŋartmağa qoyma!oŋartma qoyma!don't let someone improve! | oloŋartmağa qoymasınoŋartma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to improve | bizoŋartmağa qoymayıqoŋartma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to improve | sizoŋartmağa qoymağız!oŋartma qoymağız!don't let someone improve, you all! | alaoŋartmağa qoymasınlaoŋartma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to improve |
| Let someone… (commands) | menoŋartmağa qoyayımmı?oŋartma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to improve? | oloŋartmağa qoysunmu?oŋartma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to improve? | bizoŋartmağa qoyayıqmı?oŋartma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to improve? | alaoŋartmağa qoysunlamı?oŋartma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to improve? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menoŋartmağa qoymayımmı?oŋartma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to improve? | oloŋartmağa qoymasınmı?oŋartma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to improve? | bizoŋartmağa qoymayıqmı?oŋartma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to improve? | alaoŋartmağa qoymasınlamı?oŋartma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to improve? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menoŋartmağa qoyamaoŋartma qoyamaI allow someone to improve | senoŋartmağa qoyasaoŋartma qoyasayou allow someone to improve | oloŋartmağa qoyadıoŋartma qoyadıhe allows someone to improve | bizoŋartmağa qoyabızoŋartma qoyabızwe allow someone to improve | sizoŋartmağa qoyasızoŋartma qoyasızyou all allow someone to improve | alaoŋartmağa qoyadılaoŋartma qoyadılathey allow someone to improve |
| Let someone… (present) | menoŋartmağa qoymaymaoŋartma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to improve | senoŋartmağa qoymaysaoŋartma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to improve | oloŋartmağa qoymaydıoŋartma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to improve | bizoŋartmağa qoymaybızoŋartma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to improve | sizoŋartmağa qoymaysızoŋartma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to improve | alaoŋartmağa qoymaydılaoŋartma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to improve |
| Let someone… (present) | menoŋartmağa qoyamamı?oŋartma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to improve? | senoŋartmağa qoyamısa?oŋartma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to improve? | oloŋartmağa qoyamıdı?oŋartma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to improve? | bizoŋartmağa qoyabızmı?oŋartma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to improve? | sizoŋartmağa qoyamısız?oŋartma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to improve? | alaoŋartmağa qoyamıdıla?oŋartma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to improve? |
| Let someone… (present) | menoŋartmağa qoymaymamı?oŋartma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to improve? | senoŋartmağa qoymaymısa?oŋartma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to improve? | oloŋartmağa qoymaymıdı?oŋartma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to improve? | bizoŋartmağa qoymaybızmı?oŋartma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to improve? | sizoŋartmağa qoymaymısız?oŋartma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to improve? | alaoŋartmağa qoymaymıdıla?oŋartma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to improve? |
| Let someone… (past) | menoŋartmağa qoydumoŋartma qoydumI allowed someone to improve | senoŋartmağa qoyduŋoŋartma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to improve | oloŋartmağa qoyduoŋartma qoyduhe allowed someone to improve | bizoŋartmağa qoyduqoŋartma qoyduqwe allowed someone to improve | sizoŋartmağa qoyduğuzoŋartma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to improve | alaoŋartmağa qoydulaoŋartma qoydulathey allowed someone to improve |
| Let someone… (past) | menoŋartmağa qoymadımoŋartma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to improve | senoŋartmağa qoymadıŋoŋartma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to improve | oloŋartmağa qoymadıoŋartma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to improve | bizoŋartmağa qoymadıqoŋartma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to improve | sizoŋartmağa qoymadığızoŋartma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to improve | alaoŋartmağa qoymadılaoŋartma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to improve |
| Let someone… (past) | menoŋartmağa qoydummu?oŋartma qoydummu?did I allow someone to improve? | senoŋartmağa qoyduŋmu?oŋartma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to improve? | oloŋartmağa qoydumu?oŋartma qoydumu?did he allow someone to improve? | bizoŋartmağa qoyduqmu?oŋartma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to improve? | sizoŋartmağa qoyduğuzmu?oŋartma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to improve? | alaoŋartmağa qoydulamı?oŋartma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to improve? |
| Let someone… (past) | menoŋartmağa qoymadımmı?oŋartma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to improve? | senoŋartmağa qoymadıŋmı?oŋartma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to improve? | oloŋartmağa qoymadımı?oŋartma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to improve? | bizoŋartmağa qoymadıqmı?oŋartma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to improve? | sizoŋartmağa qoymadığızmı?oŋartma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to improve? | alaoŋartmağa qoymadılamı?oŋartma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to improve? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menoŋartalamaI can improve | senoŋartalasayou can improve | oloŋartaladıhe can improve | bizoŋartalabızwe can improve | sizoŋartalasızyou all can improve | alaoŋartaladılathey can improve |
| Ability — present | menoŋartalmaymaI can't improve | senoŋartalmaysayou can't improve | oloŋartalmaydıhe can't improve | bizoŋartalmaybızwe can't improve | sizoŋartalmaysızyou all can't improve | alaoŋartalmaydılathey can't improve |
| Ability — present | menoŋartalamamı? oŋartalamıma?can I improve? | senoŋartalamısa?can you improve? | oloŋartalamıdı?can he improve? | bizoŋartalabızmı? oŋartalamıbız?can we improve? | sizoŋartalamısız?can you all improve? | alaoŋartalamıdıla?can they improve? |
| Ability — present | menoŋartalmaymamı? oŋartalmaymıma?can't I improve? | senoŋartalmaymısa?can't you improve? | oloŋartalmaymıdı?can't he improve? | bizoŋartalmaybızmı? oŋartalmaymıbız?can't we improve? | sizoŋartalmaymısız?can't you all improve? | alaoŋartalmaymıdıla?can't they improve? |
| Ability — if I can… | menoŋartalsamif I can improve | senoŋartalsaŋif you can improve | oloŋartalsaif he can improve | bizoŋartalsaqif we can improve | sizoŋartalsağızif you all can improve | alaoŋartalsalaif they can improve |
| Ability — if I can… | menoŋartalmasamif I can't improve | senoŋartalmasaŋif you can't improve | oloŋartalmasaif he can't improve | bizoŋartalmasaqif we can't improve | sizoŋartalmasağızif you all can't improve | alaoŋartalmasalaif they can't improve |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menoŋartaldımI was able to improve | senoŋartaldıŋyou were able to improve | oloŋartaldıhe was able to improve | bizoŋartaldıqwe were able to improve | sizoŋartaldığızyou all were able to improve | alaoŋartaldılathey were able to improve |
| Ability — simple past | menoŋartalmadımI could not improve | senoŋartalmadıŋyou could not improve | oloŋartalmadıhe could not improve | bizoŋartalmadıqwe could not improve | sizoŋartalmadığızyou all could not improve | alaoŋartalmadılathey could not improve |
| Ability — simple past | menoŋartaldımmı?was I able to improve? | senoŋartaldıŋmı?were you able to improve? | oloŋartaldımı?was he able to improve? | bizoŋartaldıqmı?were we able to improve? | sizoŋartaldığızmı?were you all able to improve? | alaoŋartaldılamı?were they able to improve? |
| Ability — simple past | menoŋartalmadımmı?couldn't I improve? | senoŋartalmadıŋmı?couldn't you improve? | oloŋartalmadımı?couldn't he improve? | bizoŋartalmadıqmı?couldn't we improve? | sizoŋartalmadığızmı?couldn't you all improve? | alaoŋartalmadılamı?couldn't they improve? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menoŋartalğanmaI have been able to improve | senoŋartalğansayou have been able to improve | oloŋartalğandıhe has been able to improve | bizoŋartalğanbızwe have been able to improve | sizoŋartalğansızyou all have been able to improve | alaoŋartalğandılathey have been able to improve |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menoŋartalmağanmaI haven't been able to improve | senoŋartalmağansayou haven't been able to improve | oloŋartalmağandıhe hasn't been able to improve | bizoŋartalmağanbızwe haven't been able to improve | sizoŋartalmağansızyou all haven't been able to improve | alaoŋartalmağandılathey haven't been able to improve |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menoŋartalğanmamı? oŋartalğanmıma?have I been able to improve? | senoŋartalğanmısa?have you been able to improve? | oloŋartalğanmıdı?has he been able to improve? | bizoŋartalğanbızmı? oŋartalğanmıbız?have we been able to improve? | sizoŋartalğanmısız?have you all been able to improve? | alaoŋartalğanmıdıla?have they been able to improve? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menoŋartalmağanmamı? oŋartalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to improve? | senoŋartalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to improve? | oloŋartalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to improve? | bizoŋartalmağanbızmı? oŋartalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to improve? | sizoŋartalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to improve? | alaoŋartalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to improve? |
| Ability — past perfect | menoŋartalğan edimoŋartalğanemI had been able to improve | senoŋartalğan ediŋoŋartalğaneŋyou had been able to improve | oloŋartalğan edioŋartalğanedhe had been able to improve | bizoŋartalğan edikoŋartalğanekwe had been able to improve | sizoŋartalğan edigizoŋartalğanegizyou all had been able to improve | alaoŋartalğan edileoŋartalğanellethey had been able to improve |
| Ability — past perfect | menoŋartalmağan edimoŋartalmağanemI hadn't been able to improve | senoŋartalmağan ediŋoŋartalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to improve | oloŋartalmağan edioŋartalmağanedhe hadn't been able to improve | bizoŋartalmağan edikoŋartalmağanekwe hadn't been able to improve | sizoŋartalmağan edigizoŋartalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to improve | alaoŋartalmağan edileoŋartalmağanellethey hadn't been able to improve |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menoŋartala edimoŋartalaemI could improve | senoŋartala ediŋoŋartalaeŋyou could improve | oloŋartala edioŋartalaedhe could improve | bizoŋartala edikoŋartalaekwe could improve | sizoŋartala edigizoŋartalaegizyou all could improve | alaoŋartala edileoŋartalaellethey could improve |
| Ability — past background | menoŋartalmay edimoŋartalmayemI could not improve | senoŋartalmay ediŋoŋartalmayeŋyou could not improve | oloŋartalmay edioŋartalmayedhe could not improve | bizoŋartalmay edikoŋartalmayekwe could not improve | sizoŋartalmay edigizoŋartalmayegizyou all could not improve | alaoŋartalmay edileoŋartalmayellethey could not improve |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menoŋartalırmaI will be able to improve | senoŋartalırsayou will be able to improve | oloŋartalırhe will be able to improve | bizoŋartalırbızwe will be able to improve | sizoŋartalırsızyou all will be able to improve | alaoŋartalırlathey will be able to improve |
| Ability — future I | menoŋartalmazmaI won't be able to improve | senoŋartalmazsayou won't be able to improve | oloŋartalmazhe won't be able to improve | bizoŋartalmazbızwe won't be able to improve | sizoŋartalmazsızyou all won't be able to improve | alaoŋartalmazlathey won't be able to improve |
| Ability — future I | menoŋartalırmamı? oŋartalırmıma?will I be able to improve? | senoŋartalırmısa?will you be able to improve? | oloŋartalırmı?will he be able to improve? | bizoŋartalırbızmı? oŋartalırmıbız?will we be able to improve? | sizoŋartalırmısız?will you all be able to improve? | alaoŋartalırlamı? oŋartalırmıla?will they be able to improve? |
| Ability — future I | menoŋartalmazmamı? oŋartalmazmıma?won't I be able to improve? | senoŋartalmazmısa?won't you be able to improve? | oloŋartalmazmı?won't he be able to improve? | bizoŋartalmazbızmı? oŋartalmazmıbız?won't we be able to improve? | sizoŋartalmazmısız?won't you all be able to improve? | alaoŋartalmazlamı? oŋartalmazmıla?won't they be able to improve? |
| Ability — future II | menoŋartallıqmaI am going to be able to improve | senoŋartallıqsayou are going to be able to improve | oloŋartallıqdıhe is going to be able to improve | bizoŋartallıqbızwe are going to be able to improve | sizoŋartallıqsızyou all are going to be able to improve | alaoŋartallıqdılathey are going to be able to improve |
| Ability — future II | menoŋartallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to improve | senoŋartallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to improve | oloŋartallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to improve | bizoŋartallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to improve | sizoŋartallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to improve | alaoŋartallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to improve |
| Ability — future II | menoŋartallıqmamı? oŋartallıqmıma?am I going to be able to improve? | senoŋartallıqmısa?are you going to be able to improve? | oloŋartallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to improve? | bizoŋartallıqbızmı? oŋartallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to improve? | sizoŋartallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to improve? | alaoŋartallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to improve? |
| Ability — future II | menoŋartallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to improve? | senoŋartallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to improve? | oloŋartallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to improve? | bizoŋartallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to improve? | sizoŋartallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to improve? | alaoŋartallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to improve? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menoŋartalır edimoŋartalır emI would be able to improve | senoŋartalır ediŋoŋartalır eŋyou would be able to improve | oloŋartalır edioŋartalır edhe would be able to improve | bizoŋartalır edikoŋartalır ekwe would be able to improve | sizoŋartalır edigizoŋartalır egizyou all would be able to improve | alaoŋartalır edileoŋartalır ellethey would be able to improve |
| Ability — would be able to… | menoŋartalmaz edimoŋartalmaz emI wouldn't be able to improve | senoŋartalmaz ediŋoŋartalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to improve | oloŋartalmaz edioŋartalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to improve | bizoŋartalmaz edikoŋartalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to improve | sizoŋartalmaz edigizoŋartalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to improve | alaoŋartalmaz edileoŋartalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to improve |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senoŋartalğınoŋartalğımay you be able to improve | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senoŋartalmağınoŋartalmağımay you not be able to improve | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menoŋartırğa izleymeI want to improve | senoŋartırğa izleyseyou want to improve | oloŋartırğa izleydihe wants to improve | bizoŋartırğa izleybizwe want to improve | sizoŋartırğa izleysizyou all want to improve | alaoŋartırğa izleydilethey want to improve |
| want to | menoŋartırğa izlemeymeI do not want to improve | senoŋartırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to improve | oloŋartırğa izlemeydihe does not want to improve | bizoŋartırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to improve | sizoŋartırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to improve | alaoŋartırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to improve |
| would like to | menoŋartırğa süemeI would like to improve | senoŋartırğa süeseyou would like to improve | oloŋartırğa süedihe would like to improve | bizoŋartırğa süebizwe would like to improve | sizoŋartırğa süesizyou all would like to improve | alaoŋartırğa süedilethey would like to improve |
| would like to | menoŋartırğa süymeymeI would not like to improve | senoŋartırğa süymeyseyou would not like to improve | oloŋartırğa süymeydihe would not like to improve | bizoŋartırğa süymeybizwe would not like to improve | sizoŋartırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to improve | alaoŋartırğa süymeydilethey would not like to improve |
| hope to | menoŋartırğa umutlanamaI hope to improve | senoŋartırğa umutlanasayou hope to improve | oloŋartırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to improve | bizoŋartırğa umutlanabızwe hope to improve | sizoŋartırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to improve | alaoŋartırğa umutlanadılathey hope to improve |
| hope to | menoŋartırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to improve | senoŋartırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to improve | oloŋartırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to improve | bizoŋartırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to improve | sizoŋartırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to improve | alaoŋartırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to improve |
| be about to | menoŋartırğa deb turamaI am about to improve | senoŋartırğa deb turasayou are about to improve | oloŋartırğa deb turadıhe is about to improve | bizoŋartırğa deb turabızwe are about to improve | sizoŋartırğa deb turasızyou all are about to improve | alaoŋartırğa deb turadılathey are about to improve |
| be about to | menoŋartırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to improve | senoŋartırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to improve | oloŋartırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to improve | bizoŋartırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to improve | sizoŋartırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to improve | alaoŋartırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to improve |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menoŋartırğa kerekmeI need to improve | senoŋartırğa kerekseyou need to improve | oloŋartırğa kerekdihe needs to improve | bizoŋartırğa kerekbizwe need to improve | sizoŋartırğa kereksizyou all need to improve | alaoŋartırğa kerekdilethey need to improve |
| need to | menoŋartırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to improve | senoŋartırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to improve | oloŋartırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to improve | bizoŋartırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to improve | sizoŋartırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to improve | alaoŋartırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to improve |
| have to | menmenŋe oŋartırğa tüşediI have to improve | sensenŋe oŋartırğa tüşediyou have to improve | olaŋa oŋartırğa tüşedihe has to improve | bizbizge oŋartırğa tüşediwe have to improve | sizsizge oŋartırğa tüşediyou all have to improve | alaalağa oŋartırğa tüşedithey have to improve |
| have to | menmenŋe oŋartırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to improve | sensenŋe oŋartırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to improve | olaŋa oŋartırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to improve | bizbizge oŋartırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to improve | sizsizge oŋartırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to improve | alaalağa oŋartırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to improve |
| be obliged to | menoŋartırğa borçlumaI am obliged to improve | senoŋartırğa borçlusayou are obliged to improve | oloŋartırğa borçluduhe is obliged to improve | bizoŋartırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to improve | sizoŋartırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to improve | alaoŋartırğa borçludulathey are obliged to improve |
| be obliged to | menoŋartırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to improve | senoŋartırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to improve | oloŋartırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to improve | bizoŋartırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to improve | sizoŋartırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to improve | alaoŋartırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to improve |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menoŋartırğa madarım bardıI have a way to improve | senoŋartırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to improve | oloŋartırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to improve | bizoŋartırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to improve | sizoŋartırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to improve | alaoŋartırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to improve |
| have a way to | menoŋartırğa madarım joqduI have no way to improve | senoŋartırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to improve | oloŋartırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to improve | bizoŋartırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to improve | sizoŋartırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to improve | alaoŋartırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to improve |
| be free to | menoŋartırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to improve | senoŋartırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to improve | oloŋartırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to improve | bizoŋartırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to improve | sizoŋartırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to improve | alaoŋartırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to improve |
| be free to | menoŋartırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to improve | senoŋartırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to improve | oloŋartırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to improve | bizoŋartırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to improve | sizoŋartırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to improve | alaoŋartırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to improve |
| be possible to | menmenŋe oŋartırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to improve | sensenŋe oŋartırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to improve | olaŋa oŋartırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to improve | bizbizge oŋartırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to improve | sizsizge oŋartırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to improve | alaalağa oŋartırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to improve |
| be possible to | menmenŋe oŋartırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to improve | sensenŋe oŋartırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to improve | olaŋa oŋartırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to improve | bizbizge oŋartırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to improve | sizsizge oŋartırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to improve | alaalağa oŋartırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to improve |
| be ready to | menoŋartırğa hazırmaI am ready to improve | senoŋartırğa hazırsayou are ready to improve | oloŋartırğa hazırdıhe is ready to improve | bizoŋartırğa hazırbızwe are ready to improve | sizoŋartırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to improve | alaoŋartırğa hazırdılathey are ready to improve |
| be ready to | menoŋartırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to improve | senoŋartırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to improve | oloŋartırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to improve | bizoŋartırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to improve | sizoŋartırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to improve | alaoŋartırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to improve |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menoŋartırğa küreşemeI am trying to improve | senoŋartırğa küreşeseyou are trying to improve | oloŋartırğa küreşedihe is trying to improve | bizoŋartırğa küreşebizwe are trying to improve | sizoŋartırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to improve | alaoŋartırğa küreşedilethey are trying to improve |
| try to | menoŋartırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to improve | senoŋartırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to improve | oloŋartırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to improve | bizoŋartırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to improve | sizoŋartırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to improve | alaoŋartırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to improve |
| agree to | menoŋartırğa unaymaI agree to improve | senoŋartırğa unaysayou agree to improve | oloŋartırğa unaydıhe agrees to improve | bizoŋartırğa unaybızwe agree to improve | sizoŋartırğa unaysızyou all agree to improve | alaoŋartırğa unaydılathey agree to improve |
| agree to | menoŋartırğa unamaymaI refuse to improve | senoŋartırğa unamaysayou refuse to improve | oloŋartırğa unamaydıhe refuses to improve | bizoŋartırğa unamaybızwe refuse to improve | sizoŋartırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to improve | alaoŋartırğa unamaydılathey refuse to improve |
| hurry to | menoŋartırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to improve | senoŋartırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to improve | oloŋartırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to improve | bizoŋartırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to improve | sizoŋartırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to improve | alaoŋartırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to improve |
| hurry to | menoŋartırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to improve | senoŋartırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to improve | oloŋartırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to improve | bizoŋartırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to improve | sizoŋartırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to improve | alaoŋartırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to improve |
| be afraid to | menoŋartırğa qorqamaI am afraid to improve | senoŋartırğa qorqasayou are afraid to improve | oloŋartırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to improve | bizoŋartırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to improve | sizoŋartırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to improve | alaoŋartırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to improve |
| be afraid to | menoŋartırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to improve | senoŋartırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to improve | oloŋartırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to improve | bizoŋartırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to improve | sizoŋartırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to improve | alaoŋartırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to improve |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menoŋarta bolmazmaI can't be improving | senoŋarta bolmazsayou can't be improving | oloŋarta bolmazhe can't be improving | bizoŋarta bolmazbızwe can't be improving | sizoŋarta bolmazsızyou all can't be improving | alaoŋarta bolmazlathey can't be improving |
| Inference, present — double negation | menoŋartmay bolmazmaI must be improving (emphatic) | senoŋartmay bolmazsayou must be improving (emphatic) | oloŋartmay bolmazhe must be improving (emphatic) | bizoŋartmay bolmazbızwe must be improving (emphatic) | sizoŋartmay bolmazsızyou all must be improving (emphatic) | alaoŋartmay bolmazlathey must be improving (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menoŋarta turmasamif I don't keep improving | senoŋarta turmasaŋif you don't keep improving | oloŋarta turmasaif he doesn't keep improving | bizoŋarta turmasaqif we don't keep improving | sizoŋarta turmasağızif you all don't keep improving | alaoŋarta turmasalaif they don't keep improving |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menoŋarta tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of improving | senoŋarta tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of improving | oloŋarta tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of improving | bizoŋarta tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of improving | sizoŋarta tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of improving | alaoŋarta tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of improving |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menoŋartmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not improving (emphatic) | senoŋartmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not improving (emphatic) | oloŋartmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not improving (emphatic) | bizoŋartmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not improving (emphatic) | sizoŋartmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not improving (emphatic) | alaoŋartmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not improving (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menoŋartmay turamaI keep on not improving | senoŋartmay turasayou keep on not improving | oloŋartmay turadıhe keeps on not improving | bizoŋartmay turabızwe keep on not improving | sizoŋartmay turasızyou all keep on not improving | alaoŋartmay turadılathey keep on not improving |
| Progressive — double negation | menoŋartmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not improving | senoŋartmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not improving | oloŋartmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not improving | bizoŋartmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not improving | sizoŋartmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not improving | alaoŋartmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not improving |
| Progressive — double negation | menoŋartmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not improving? | senoŋartmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not improving? | oloŋartmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not improving? | bizoŋartmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not improving? | sizoŋartmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not improving? | alaoŋartmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not improving? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menoŋarthan bolmazmaI can't have improved | senoŋarthan bolmazsayou can't have improved | oloŋarthan bolmazhe can't have improved | bizoŋarthan bolmazbızwe can't have improved | sizoŋarthan bolmazsızyou all can't have improved | alaoŋarthan bolmazlathey can't have improved |
| Inference — double negation | menoŋartmağan bolmazmaI must have improved (emphatic) | senoŋartmağan bolmazsayou must have improved (emphatic) | oloŋartmağan bolmazhe must have improved (emphatic) | bizoŋartmağan bolmazbızwe must have improved (emphatic) | sizoŋartmağan bolmazsızyou all must have improved (emphatic) | alaoŋartmağan bolmazlathey must have improved (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menoŋarthan bolmasamif it weren't that I had improved | senoŋarthan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had improved | oloŋarthan bolmasaif it weren't that he had improved | bizoŋarthan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had improved | sizoŋarthan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had improved | alaoŋarthan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had improved |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menoŋartmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't improved | senoŋartmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't improved | oloŋartmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't improved | bizoŋartmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't improved | sizoŋartmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't improved | alaoŋartmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't improved |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menoŋartırıq bolmazmaI can't be going to improve | senoŋartırıq bolmazsayou can't be going to improve | oloŋartırıq bolmazhe can't be going to improve | bizoŋartırıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to improve | sizoŋartırıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to improve | alaoŋartırıq bolmazlathey can't be going to improve |
| Inference, future — double negation | menoŋartmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to improve (emphatic) | senoŋartmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to improve (emphatic) | oloŋartmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to improve (emphatic) | bizoŋartmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to improve (emphatic) | sizoŋartmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to improve (emphatic) | alaoŋartmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to improve (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menoŋartırıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to improve | senoŋartırıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to improve | oloŋartırıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to improve | bizoŋartırıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to improve | sizoŋartırıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to improve | alaoŋartırıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to improve |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menoŋartmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to improve | senoŋartmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to improve | oloŋartmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to improve | bizoŋartmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to improve | sizoŋartmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to improve | alaoŋartmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to improve |