musham
/musxam/
Definitions
1. a defect, a shortcoming in something
- mushamı bolmağan iş — a piece of work with no defect
- ullu musham — a great defect
- mushamnı keterirge — to remove the defect
2. mentally deficient, slow
- musham adam — a slow-witted man
- musham sabiy — a backward child
- musham qart — a slow old man
Feedback
or .As a noun
Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | mushamthe defect | mushamlathe defects | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | mushamnıthe defect's | mushamlanıthe defects' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | mushamnıthe defect (as the object) | mushamlanıthe defects (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | mushamğato the defect | mushamlağato the defects | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | mushamdaat / in the defect | mushamladaat / in the defects | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | mushamdanfrom the defect | mushamladanfrom the defects | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | mushamımmy defect | mushamlarımmy defects |
| your | mushamıngyour defect | mushamlarıngyour defects |
| his / her | mushamıhis / her defect | mushamlarıhis / her defects |
| our | mushamıbızour defect | mushamlarıbızour defects |
| you all's | mushamığızyou all's defect | mushamlarığızyou all's defects |
| their | mushamlarıtheir defect | mushamlarıtheir defects |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: mushamları can mean "his / her defects", "their defect", or "their defects" — context decides.
As an adjective
Saying it about someone
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | men mushammaI am mentally deficient | biz mushambızwe are mentally deficient |
| 2nd person | sen mushamsayou are mentally deficient | siz mushamsızyou all are mentally deficient |
| 3rd person | ol mushamdıhe / she / it is mentally deficient | ala mushamdılathey are mentally deficient |
Saying it about something
| One thing | Several | |
|---|---|---|
| this / these | bu mushamdıthis is mentally deficient | bıla mushamdılathese are mentally deficient |
| that / those | ol mushamdıthat / it is mentally deficient | ala mushamdılathose / they are mentally deficient |
| mine | meniki mushamdımine is mentally deficient | menikile mushamdılamine are mentally deficient |
| yours | seniki mushamdıyours is mentally deficient | senikile mushamdılayours are mentally deficient |
| ours | bizniki mushamdıours is mentally deficient | biznikile mushamdılaours are mentally deficient |