lak
/lak/ · plural lakla
1. lacquer, varnish — Before another noun it means lacquered or made of patent leather, as in lak çuruqla 'patent-leather shoes'.
- qara lak — black lacquer
- tırnaqlağa jağıwçu lak — lacquer for putting on nails
- lak bla boyarğa — to coat with varnish
- tişirıw lak çuruqla — women's patent-leather shoes
2. Lak, of the Lak people or language (Dagestan)
- lak til — the Lak language
- lak tişirıw — a Lak woman
- lak jır — a Lak song
As a noun
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | lakthe lacquer | lagımmy lacquer | lagıŋyour lacquer | lagıhis lacquer | lagıbızour lacquer | lagığızyou all's lacquer | laklarıtheir lacquers |
| Genitive | laknıthe lacquer's | lagımımy lacquer's | lagıŋıyour lacquer's | lagınıhis lacquer's | lagıbıznıour lacquer's | lagığıznıyou all's lacquer's | laklarınıtheir lacquers' |
| Accusative | laknıthe lacquer (as the object) | lagımımy lacquer (as the object) | lagıŋıyour lacquer (as the object) | lagınhis lacquer (as the object) | lagıbıznıour lacquer (as the object) | lagığıznıyou all's lacquer (as the object) | laklarıntheir lacquers (as the object) |
| Dative | lakgato the lacquer | lagımato my lacquer | lagıŋato your lacquer | lagınato his lacquer | lagıbızğato our lacquer | lagığızğato you all's lacquer | laklarınato their lacquers |
| Locative | lakdain / at the lacquer | lagımdain / at my lacquer | lagıŋdain / at your lacquer | lagındain / at his lacquer | lagıbızdain / at our lacquer | lagığızdain / at you all's lacquer | laklarındain / at their lacquers |
| Ablative | lakdanfrom the lacquer | lagımdanfrom my lacquer | lagıŋdanfrom your lacquer | lagındanfrom his lacquer | lagıbızdanfrom our lacquer | lagığızdanfrom you all's lacquer | laklarındanfrom their lacquers |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | laklathe lacquers | laklarımmy lacquers | laklarıŋyour lacquers | laklarıhis lacquers | laklarıbızour lacquers | laklarığızyou all's lacquers | laklarıtheir lacquers |
| Genitive | laklanıthe lacquers' | laklarımımy lacquers' | laklarıŋıyour lacquers' | laklarınıhis lacquers' | laklarıbıznıour lacquers' | laklarığıznıyou all's lacquers' | laklarınıtheir lacquers' |
| Accusative | laklanıthe lacquers (as the object) | laklarımımy lacquers (as the object) | laklarıŋıyour lacquers (as the object) | laklarınhis lacquers (as the object) | laklarıbıznıour lacquers (as the object) | laklarığıznıyou all's lacquers (as the object) | laklarıntheir lacquers (as the object) |
| Dative | laklağato the lacquers | laklarımato my lacquers | laklarıŋato your lacquers | laklarınato his lacquers | laklarıbızğato our lacquers | laklarığızğato you all's lacquers | laklarınato their lacquers |
| Locative | lakladain / at the lacquers | laklarımdain / at my lacquers | laklarıŋdain / at your lacquers | laklarındain / at his lacquers | laklarıbızdain / at our lacquers | laklarığızdain / at you all's lacquers | laklarındain / at their lacquers |
| Ablative | lakladanfrom the lacquers | laklarımdanfrom my lacquers | laklarıŋdanfrom your lacquers | laklarındanfrom his lacquers | laklarıbızdanfrom our lacquers | laklarığızdanfrom you all's lacquers | laklarındanfrom their lacquers |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: lakları can mean "his / her lacquers", "their lacquer", or "their lacquers" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
As an adjective
Saying it about someone
| Degree | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | lakmaI am Lak | laksayou are Lak | lakdıhe is Lak | lakbızwe are Lak | laksızyou all are Lak | lakdılathey are Lak |
To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden lakdı — "compared to me, he is Lak."
Saying it about mine, yours, theirs
One thing
| Degree | menikimine | senikiyours | anıqıhis / hers | biznikiours | siznikiyours (pl.) | alanıqıtheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | meniki lakdımine is Lak | seniki lakdıyours is Lak | anıqı lakdıhis is Lak | bizniki lakdıours is Lak | sizniki lakdıyours (pl.) is Lak | alanıqı lakdıtheirs is Lak |
Several things
| Degree | menikilemine | senikileyours | anıqılahis / hers | biznikileours | siznikileyours (pl.) | alanıqılatheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | menikile lakdılamine are Lak | senikile lakdılayours are Lak | anıqıla lakdılahis are Lak | biznikile lakdılaours are Lak | siznikile lakdılayours (pl.) are Lak | alanıqıla lakdılatheirs are Lak |
Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu lakdı, bıla lakdıla. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".