kurs
/kurs/ · plural kursla
1. course, direction, heading (of a ship, aircraft, etc.)
- keme kursun türlendirdi — the ship changed its course
- kemeni kursu künçığışhadı — the ship's course is to the east
2. course, line, policy (in politics)
- partiyanı politika kursu — the party's political line
3. year of study at a university or college; the students of that year, class
- törtünçü kursunda oquydu — he is studying in his fourth year
- törtünçü kurs başlanŋanlay — as soon as the fourth year began
- Aminatnı jaŋız bir kursu qalğandı — Aminat has only one year left
4. training courses, a short vocational school (usually plural)
- şoförluq kurslağa jazıldım — I enrolled in driving courses
- ol kurslanı boşadı — she finished the courses
5. course of treatment
- darmannı bir kursu — one course of medicine
- bağıwnu tolu kursun ötüw — completing the full course of treatment
- balçıq bla bağıwnu kursu — a course of mud treatment
6. exchange rate
- dollarnı kursu ösedi — the dollar's exchange rate is rising
- somnu kursu tüşdü — the ruble's rate fell
Expressions
- kurs eterge — have fun
- kursun tawusurğa — know it already
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | kursthe course | kursummy course | kursuŋyour course | kursuhis course | kursubuzour course | kursuğuzyou all's course | kurslarıtheir courses |
| Genitive | kursnuthe course's | kursumumy course's | kursuŋuyour course's | kursunuhis course's | kursubuznuour course's | kursuğuznuyou all's course's | kurslarınıtheir courses' |
| Accusative | kursnuthe course (as the object) | kursumumy course (as the object) | kursuŋuyour course (as the object) | kursunhis course (as the object) | kursubuznuour course (as the object) | kursuğuznuyou all's course (as the object) | kurslarıntheir courses (as the object) |
| Dative | kurshato the course | kursumato my course | kursuŋato your course | kursunato his course | kursubuzğato our course | kursuğuzğato you all's course | kurslarınato their courses |
| Locative | kursdain / at the course | kursumdain / at my course | kursuŋdain / at your course | kursundain / at his course | kursubuzdain / at our course | kursuğuzdain / at you all's course | kurslarındain / at their courses |
| Ablative | kursdanfrom the course | kursumdanfrom my course | kursuŋdanfrom your course | kursundanfrom his course | kursubuzdanfrom our course | kursuğuzdanfrom you all's course | kurslarındanfrom their courses |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | kurslathe courses | kurslarımmy courses | kurslarıŋyour courses | kurslarıhis courses | kurslarıbızour courses | kurslarığızyou all's courses | kurslarıtheir courses |
| Genitive | kurslanıthe courses' | kurslarımımy courses' | kurslarıŋıyour courses' | kurslarınıhis courses' | kurslarıbıznıour courses' | kurslarığıznıyou all's courses' | kurslarınıtheir courses' |
| Accusative | kurslanıthe courses (as the object) | kurslarımımy courses (as the object) | kurslarıŋıyour courses (as the object) | kurslarınhis courses (as the object) | kurslarıbıznıour courses (as the object) | kurslarığıznıyou all's courses (as the object) | kurslarıntheir courses (as the object) |
| Dative | kurslağato the courses | kurslarımato my courses | kurslarıŋato your courses | kurslarınato his courses | kurslarıbızğato our courses | kurslarığızğato you all's courses | kurslarınato their courses |
| Locative | kursladain / at the courses | kurslarımdain / at my courses | kurslarıŋdain / at your courses | kurslarındain / at his courses | kurslarıbızdain / at our courses | kurslarığızdain / at you all's courses | kurslarındain / at their courses |
| Ablative | kursladanfrom the courses | kurslarımdanfrom my courses | kurslarıŋdanfrom your courses | kurslarındanfrom his courses | kurslarıbızdanfrom our courses | kurslarığızdanfrom you all's courses | kurslarındanfrom their courses |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: kursları can mean "his / her courses", "their course", or "their courses" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.