kletka
/kletka/
Definitions
1. a square in a pattern or on a board, a check
- kletka qumaç — checked cloth
- şahmat kletka — a chess square
- kletkağa tüşerge — to land on a square
2. a cell, the smallest structural unit of a living organism
- kletkanı qozlawu — the multiplication of the cell
- kletkala üleşinedile — the cells divide
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or .Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | kletkathe square | kletkalathe squares | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | kletkanıthe square's | kletkalanıthe squares' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | kletkanıthe square (as the object) | kletkalanıthe squares (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | kletkağato the square | kletkalağato the squares | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | kletkadaat / in the square | kletkaladaat / in the squares | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | kletkadanfrom the square | kletkaladanfrom the squares | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | kletkammy square | kletkalarımmy squares |
| your | kletkangyour square | kletkalarıngyour squares |
| his / her | kletkasıhis / her square | kletkalarıhis / her squares |
| our | kletkabızour square | kletkalarıbızour squares |
| you all's | kletkağızyou all's square | kletkalarığızyou all's squares |
| their | kletkalarıtheir square | kletkalarıtheir squares |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: kletkaları can mean "his / her squares", "their square", or "their squares" — context decides.