keçerge
/ketʃerɡe/
1. forgive, pardon — The polite imperative keçigiz is also used as an apology, like excuse me.
- keçigiz! — forgive me!
- anı keçerik tülme — I will not forgive that
- keçalmayma — I cannot forgive
- anı keçerge bolluqdu — it will be possible to forgive him
- keçib qoyarğa — to forgive and let it go
- keçigiz deb tilerge — to ask for forgiveness
- keçigiz, men keçikgenme — excuse me, I am late
2. ford, cross by wading one source
- suwnu keçerge — to ford the river
- keçiwden keçerge — to cross at the ford
- suwdan kirib keçdile — they waded across through the water
3. spare, show mercy to one source
- jawnu keçmedile — they did not spare the enemy
- anı keçigiz — spare him
Conjugation
Common forms
- keçedihe is forgiving
- keçdihe forgave
- keçgendihe has forgiven
- keçerhe will forgive
- keçerikdihe is going to forgive
- keçe edihe was forgiving
- keçseif he forgives
- keç!forgive!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkeçemeI am forgiving | senkeçeseyou are forgiving | olkeçedihe is forgiving | bizkeçebizwe are forgiving | sizkeçesizyou all are forgiving | alakeçedilethey are forgiving |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkeçmeymeI am not forgiving | senkeçmeyseyou are not forgiving | olkeçmeydihe is not forgiving | bizkeçmeybizwe are not forgiving | sizkeçmeysizyou all are not forgiving | alakeçmeydilethey are not forgiving |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkeçememi? keçemime?am I forgiving? | senkeçemise?are you forgiving? | olkeçemidi?is he forgiving? | bizkeçebizmi? keçemibiz?are we forgiving? | sizkeçemisiz?are you all forgiving? | alakeçemidile?are they forgiving? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkeçmeymemi? keçmeymime?aren't I forgiving? | senkeçmeymise?aren't you forgiving? | olkeçmeymidi?isn't he forgiving? | bizkeçmeybizmi? keçmeymibiz?aren't we forgiving? | sizkeçmeymisiz?aren't you all forgiving? | alakeçmeymidile?aren't they forgiving? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkeçiwçenmeI usually forgive | senkeçiwçenseyou usually forgive | olkeçiwçendihe usually forgives | bizkeçiwçenbizwe usually forgive | sizkeçiwçensizyou all usually forgive | alakeçiwçendilethey usually forgive |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkeçmewçenmeI usually don't forgive | senkeçmewçenseyou usually don't forgive | olkeçmewçendihe usually doesn't forgive | bizkeçmewçenbizwe usually don't forgive | sizkeçmewçensizyou all usually don't forgive | alakeçmewçendilethey usually don't forgive |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkeçiwçenmemi? keçiwçenmime?do I usually forgive? | senkeçiwçenmise?do you usually forgive? | olkeçiwçenmidi?does he usually forgive? | bizkeçiwçenbizmi? keçiwçenmibiz?do we usually forgive? | sizkeçiwçenmisiz?do you all usually forgive? | alakeçiwçenmidile?do they usually forgive? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkeçmewçenmemi? keçmewçenmime?do I usually not forgive? | senkeçmewçenmise?do you usually not forgive? | olkeçmewçenmidi?does he usually not forgive? | bizkeçmewçenbizmi? keçmewçenmibiz?do we usually not forgive? | sizkeçmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not forgive? | alakeçmewçenmidile?do they usually not forgive? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olkeçibdihe has forgiven and remains so | alakeçibdilethey have forgiven and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olkeçibmidi?has he forgiven? | alakeçibmidile?have they forgiven? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkeçib turamaI keep forgiving | senkeçib turasayou keep forgiving | olkeçib turadıhe keeps forgiving | bizkeçib turabızwe keep forgiving | sizkeçib turasızyou all keep forgiving | alakeçib turadılathey keep forgiving |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkeçib turmaymaI don't keep forgiving | senkeçib turmaysayou don't keep forgiving | olkeçib turmaydıhe doesn't keep forgiving | bizkeçib turmaybızwe don't keep forgiving | sizkeçib turmaysızyou all don't keep forgiving | alakeçib turmaydılathey don't keep forgiving |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkeçib turamamı? keçib turamıma?do I keep forgiving? | senkeçib turamısa?do you keep forgiving? | olkeçib turamıdı?does he keep forgiving? | bizkeçib turabızmı? keçib turamıbız?do we keep forgiving? | sizkeçib turamısız?do you all keep forgiving? | alakeçib turamıdıla?do they keep forgiving? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkeçib turmaymamı? keçib turmaymıma?don't I keep forgiving? | senkeçib turmaymısa?don't you keep forgiving? | olkeçib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep forgiving? | bizkeçib turmaybızmı? keçib turmaymıbız?don't we keep forgiving? | sizkeçib turmaymısız?don't you all keep forgiving? | alakeçib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep forgiving? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkeçe turamaI am in the middle of forgiving | senkeçe turasayou are in the middle of forgiving | olkeçe turadıhe is in the middle of forgiving | bizkeçe turabızwe are in the middle of forgiving | sizkeçe turasızyou all are in the middle of forgiving | alakeçe turadılathey are in the middle of forgiving |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkeçe turmaymaI am not in the middle of forgiving | senkeçe turmaysayou are not in the middle of forgiving | olkeçe turmaydıhe is not in the middle of forgiving | bizkeçe turmaybızwe are not in the middle of forgiving | sizkeçe turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of forgiving | alakeçe turmaydılathey are not in the middle of forgiving |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkeçe turamamı? keçe turamıma?am I in the middle of forgiving? | senkeçe turamısa?are you in the middle of forgiving? | olkeçe turamıdı?is he in the middle of forgiving? | bizkeçe turabızmı? keçe turamıbız?are we in the middle of forgiving? | sizkeçe turamısız?are you all in the middle of forgiving? | alakeçe turamıdıla?are they in the middle of forgiving? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkeçe turmaymamı? keçe turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of forgiving? | senkeçe turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of forgiving? | olkeçe turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of forgiving? | bizkeçe turmaybızmı? keçe turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of forgiving? | sizkeçe turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of forgiving? | alakeçe turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of forgiving? |
| Simple past (definite) | menkeçdimI forgave | senkeçdiŋyou forgave | olkeçdihe forgave | bizkeçdikwe forgave | sizkeçdigizyou all forgave | alakeçdilethey forgave |
| Simple past (definite) | menkeçmedimI didn't forgive | senkeçmediŋyou didn't forgive | olkeçmedihe didn't forgive | bizkeçmedikwe didn't forgive | sizkeçmedigizyou all didn't forgive | alakeçmedilethey didn't forgive |
| Simple past (definite) | menkeçdimmi?did I forgive? | senkeçdiŋmi?did you forgive? | olkeçdimi?did he forgive? | bizkeçdikmi?did we forgive? | sizkeçdigizmi?did you all forgive? | alakeçdilemi?did they forgive? |
| Simple past (definite) | menkeçmedimmi?didn't I forgive? | senkeçmediŋmi?didn't you forgive? | olkeçmedimi?didn't he forgive? | bizkeçmedikmi?didn't we forgive? | sizkeçmedigizmi?didn't you all forgive? | alakeçmedilemi?didn't they forgive? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkeçgenmeI have forgiven | senkeçgenseyou have forgiven | olkeçgendihe has forgiven | bizkeçgenbizwe have forgiven | sizkeçgensizyou all have forgiven | alakeçgendilethey have forgiven |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkeçmegenmeI haven't forgiven | senkeçmegenseyou haven't forgiven | olkeçmegendihe hasn't forgiven | bizkeçmegenbizwe haven't forgiven | sizkeçmegensizyou all haven't forgiven | alakeçmegendilethey haven't forgiven |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkeçgenmemi? keçgenmime?have I forgiven? | senkeçgenmise?have you forgiven? | olkeçgenmidi?has he forgiven? | bizkeçgenbizmi? keçgenmibiz?have we forgiven? | sizkeçgenmisiz?have you all forgiven? | alakeçgenmidile?have they forgiven? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkeçmegenmemi? keçmegenmime?haven't I forgiven? | senkeçmegenmise?haven't you forgiven? | olkeçmegenmidi?hasn't he forgiven? | bizkeçmegenbizmi? keçmegenmibiz?haven't we forgiven? | sizkeçmegenmisiz?haven't you all forgiven? | alakeçmegenmidile?haven't they forgiven? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menkeçib turdumI kept forgiving | senkeçib turduŋyou kept forgiving | olkeçib turduhe kept forgiving | bizkeçib turduqwe kept forgiving | sizkeçib turduğuzyou all kept forgiving | alakeçib turdulathey kept forgiving |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menkeçib turmadımI didn't keep forgiving | senkeçib turmadıŋyou didn't keep forgiving | olkeçib turmadıhe didn't keep forgiving | bizkeçib turmadıqwe didn't keep forgiving | sizkeçib turmadığızyou all didn't keep forgiving | alakeçib turmadılathey didn't keep forgiving |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkeçermeI will forgive | senkeçerseyou will forgive | olkeçerhe will forgive | bizkeçerbizwe will forgive | sizkeçersizyou all will forgive | alakeçerlethey will forgive |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkeçmezmeI won't forgive | senkeçmezseyou won't forgive | olkeçmezhe won't forgive | bizkeçmezbizwe won't forgive | sizkeçmezsizyou all won't forgive | alakeçmezlethey won't forgive |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkeçermemi? keçermime?will I forgive? | senkeçermise?will you forgive? | olkeçermi?will he forgive? | bizkeçerbizmi? keçermibiz?will we forgive? | sizkeçermisiz?will you all forgive? | alakeçerlemi? keçermile?will they forgive? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkeçmezmemi? keçmezmime?won't I forgive? | senkeçmezmise?won't you forgive? | olkeçmezmi?won't he forgive? | bizkeçmezbizmi? keçmezmibiz?won't we forgive? | sizkeçmezmisiz?won't you all forgive? | alakeçmezlemi? keçmezmile?won't they forgive? |
| Definite future (future II) | menkeçerikmeI am going to forgive | senkeçerikseyou are going to forgive | olkeçerikdihe is going to forgive | bizkeçerikbizwe are going to forgive | sizkeçeriksizyou all are going to forgive | alakeçerikdilethey are going to forgive |
| Definite future (future II) | menkeçerik tülmeI am not going to forgive | senkeçerik tülseyou are not going to forgive | olkeçerik tüldühe is not going to forgive | bizkeçerik tülbüzwe are not going to forgive | sizkeçerik tülsüzyou all are not going to forgive | alakeçerik tüldülethey are not going to forgive |
| Definite future (future II) | menkeçerikmemi? keçerikmime?am I going to forgive? | senkeçerikmise?are you going to forgive? | olkeçerikmidi?is he going to forgive? | bizkeçerikbizmi? keçerikmibiz?are we going to forgive? | sizkeçerikmisiz?are you all going to forgive? | alakeçerikmidile?are they going to forgive? |
| Definite future (future II) | menkeçerik tülmüme?aren't I going to forgive? | senkeçerik tülmüse?aren't you going to forgive? | olkeçerik tülmüdü?isn't he going to forgive? | bizkeçerik tülmübüz?aren't we going to forgive? | sizkeçerik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to forgive? | alakeçerik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to forgive? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menkeçgen edimkeçgenemI had forgiven | senkeçgen ediŋkeçgeneŋyou had forgiven | olkeçgen edikeçgenedhe had forgiven | bizkeçgen edikkeçgenekwe had forgiven | sizkeçgen edigizkeçgenegizyou all had forgiven | alakeçgen edilekeçgenellethey had forgiven |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menkeçmegen edimkeçmegenemI hadn't forgiven | senkeçmegen ediŋkeçmegeneŋyou hadn't forgiven | olkeçmegen edikeçmegenedhe hadn't forgiven | bizkeçmegen edikkeçmegenekwe hadn't forgiven | sizkeçmegen edigizkeçmegenegizyou all hadn't forgiven | alakeçmegen edilekeçmegenellethey hadn't forgiven |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menkeçe edimkeçemI was forgiving | senkeçe ediŋkeçeŋyou were forgiving | olkeçe edikeçedhe was forgiving | bizkeçe edikkeçekwe were forgiving | sizkeçe edigizkeçegizyou all were forgiving | alakeçe edilekeçellethey were forgiving |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menkeçmey edimkeçmeyemI wasn't forgiving | senkeçmey ediŋkeçmeyeŋyou weren't forgiving | olkeçmey edikeçmeyedhe wasn't forgiving | bizkeçmey edikkeçmeyekwe weren't forgiving | sizkeçmey edigizkeçmeyegizyou all weren't forgiving | alakeçmey edilekeçmeyellethey weren't forgiving |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menkeçiwçen edimkeçiwçenemI used to forgive | senkeçiwçen ediŋkeçiwçeneŋyou used to forgive | olkeçiwçen edikeçiwçenedhe used to forgive | bizkeçiwçen edikkeçiwçenekwe used to forgive | sizkeçiwçen edigizkeçiwçenegizyou all used to forgive | alakeçiwçen edilekeçiwçenellethey used to forgive |
| Habitual past (used to) | menkeçmewçen edimkeçmewçenemI didn't use to forgive | senkeçmewçen ediŋkeçmewçeneŋyou didn't use to forgive | olkeçmewçen edikeçmewçenedhe didn't use to forgive | bizkeçmewçen edikkeçmewçenekwe didn't use to forgive | sizkeçmewçen edigizkeçmewçenegizyou all didn't use to forgive | alakeçmewçen edilekeçmewçenellethey didn't use to forgive |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olkeçib edihe had forgiven and remained so | alakeçib edilethey had forgiven and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olkeçib tül edihe hadn't forgiven | alakeçib tül edilethey hadn't forgiven | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menkeçib tura edimkeçib turaemI had kept forgiving | senkeçib tura ediŋkeçib turaeŋyou had kept forgiving | olkeçib tura edikeçib turaedhe had kept forgiving | bizkeçib tura edikkeçib turaekwe had kept forgiving | sizkeçib tura edigizkeçib turaegizyou all had kept forgiving | alakeçib tura edilekeçib turaellethey had kept forgiving |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menkeçib turmay edimkeçib turmayemI hadn't kept forgiving | senkeçib turmay ediŋkeçib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept forgiving | olkeçib turmay edikeçib turmayedhe hadn't kept forgiving | bizkeçib turmay edikkeçib turmayekwe hadn't kept forgiving | sizkeçib turmay edigizkeçib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept forgiving | alakeçib turmay edilekeçib turmayellethey hadn't kept forgiving |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menkeçe tura edimkeçe turaemI was in the middle of forgiving | senkeçe tura ediŋkeçe turaeŋyou were in the middle of forgiving | olkeçe tura edikeçe turaedhe was in the middle of forgiving | bizkeçe tura edikkeçe turaekwe were in the middle of forgiving | sizkeçe tura edigizkeçe turaegizyou all were in the middle of forgiving | alakeçe tura edilekeçe turaellethey were in the middle of forgiving |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menkeçe turmay edimkeçe turmayemI wasn't in the middle of forgiving | senkeçe turmay ediŋkeçe turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of forgiving | olkeçe turmay edikeçe turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of forgiving | bizkeçe turmay edikkeçe turmayekwe weren't in the middle of forgiving | sizkeçe turmay edigizkeçe turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of forgiving | alakeçe turmay edilekeçe turmayellethey weren't in the middle of forgiving |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menkeçer edimkeçer emI would forgive | senkeçer ediŋkeçer eŋyou would forgive | olkeçer edikeçer edhe would forgive | bizkeçer edikkeçer ekwe would forgive | sizkeçer edigizkeçer egizyou all would forgive | alakeçer edilekeçer ellethey would forgive |
| Conditional result (would) | menkeçmez edimkeçmez emI wouldn't forgive | senkeçmez ediŋkeçmez eŋyou wouldn't forgive | olkeçmez edikeçmez edhe wouldn't forgive | bizkeçmez edikkeçmez ekwe wouldn't forgive | sizkeçmez edigizkeçmez egizyou all wouldn't forgive | alakeçmez edilekeçmez ellethey wouldn't forgive |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menkeçerik edimkeçerik emI would have forgiven | senkeçerik ediŋkeçerik eŋyou would have forgiven | olkeçerik edikeçerik edhe would have forgiven | bizkeçerik edikkeçerik ekwe would have forgiven | sizkeçerik edigizkeçerik egizyou all would have forgiven | alakeçerik edilekeçerik ellethey would have forgiven |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menkeçerik tül edimkeçerik tül emI wouldn't have forgiven | senkeçerik tül ediŋkeçerik tül eŋyou wouldn't have forgiven | olkeçerik tül edikeçerik tül edhe wouldn't have forgiven | bizkeçerik tül edikkeçerik tül ekwe wouldn't have forgiven | sizkeçerik tül edigizkeçerik tül egizyou all wouldn't have forgiven | alakeçerik tül edilekeçerik tül ellethey wouldn't have forgiven |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menkeçsemif I forgive | senkeçseŋif you forgive | olkeçseif he forgives | bizkeçsekif we forgive | sizkeçsegizif you all forgive | alakeçseleif they forgive |
| Conditional | menkeçmesemif I don't forgive | senkeçmeseŋif you don't forgive | olkeçmeseif he doesn't forgive | bizkeçmesekif we don't forgive | sizkeçmesegizif you all don't forgive | alakeçmeseleif they don't forgive |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menkeçe esemif I am forgiving | senkeçe eseŋif you are forgiving | olkeçe eseif he is forgiving | bizkeçe esekif we are forgiving | sizkeçe esegizif you all are forgiving | alakeçe eseleif they are forgiving |
| Conditional, present real | menkeçmey esemif I am not forgiving | senkeçmey eseŋif you are not forgiving | olkeçmey eseif he is not forgiving | bizkeçmey esekif we are not forgiving | sizkeçmey esegizif you all are not forgiving | alakeçmey eseleif they are not forgiving |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menkeçsem edikeçsem edif only I forgave | senkeçseŋ edikeçseŋ edif only you forgave | olkeçse edikeçsedif only he forgave | bizkeçsek edikeçsek edif only we forgave | sizkeçsegiz edikeçsegiz edif only you all forgave | alakeçsele edikeçseledif only they forgave |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menkeçmesem edikeçmesem edif only I didn't forgive | senkeçmeseŋ edikeçmeseŋ edif only you didn't forgive | olkeçmese edikeçmesedif only he didn't forgive | bizkeçmesek edikeçmesek edif only we didn't forgive | sizkeçmesegiz edikeçmesegiz edif only you all didn't forgive | alakeçmesele edikeçmeseledif only they didn't forgive |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menkeçib tursamif I carry on forgiving | senkeçib tursaŋif you carry on forgiving | olkeçib tursaif he carries on forgiving | bizkeçib tursaqif we carry on forgiving | sizkeçib tursağızif you all carry on forgiving | alakeçib tursalaif they carry on forgiving |
| Durative conditional | menkeçib turmasamif I don't carry on forgiving | senkeçib turmasaŋif you don't carry on forgiving | olkeçib turmasaif he doesn't carry on forgiving | bizkeçib turmasaqif we don't carry on forgiving | sizkeçib turmasağızif you all don't carry on forgiving | alakeçib turmasalaif they don't carry on forgiving |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menkeçib tura esemif I have kept forgiving | senkeçib tura eseŋif you have kept forgiving | olkeçib tura eseif he has kept forgiving | bizkeçib tura esekif we have kept forgiving | sizkeçib tura esegizif you all have kept forgiving | alakeçib tura eseleif they have kept forgiving |
| Durative conditional, present real | menkeçib turmay esemif I haven't kept forgiving | senkeçib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept forgiving | olkeçib turmay eseif he hasn't kept forgiving | bizkeçib turmay esekif we haven't kept forgiving | sizkeçib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept forgiving | alakeçib turmay eseleif they haven't kept forgiving |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menkeçe tursamif I keep forgiving | senkeçe tursaŋif you keep forgiving | olkeçe tursaif he keeps forgiving | bizkeçe tursaqif we keep forgiving | sizkeçe tursağızif you all keep forgiving | alakeçe tursalaif they keep forgiving |
| Progressive conditional | menkeçmey tursamif I keep on not forgiving | senkeçmey tursaŋif you keep on not forgiving | olkeçmey tursaif he keeps on not forgiving | bizkeçmey tursaqif we keep on not forgiving | sizkeçmey tursağızif you all keep on not forgiving | alakeçmey tursalaif they keep on not forgiving |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menkeçe tura esemif I am in the middle of forgiving | senkeçe tura eseŋif you are in the middle of forgiving | olkeçe tura eseif he is in the middle of forgiving | bizkeçe tura esekif we are in the middle of forgiving | sizkeçe tura esegizif you all are in the middle of forgiving | alakeçe tura eseleif they are in the middle of forgiving |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menkeçmey tura esemif I keep on not forgiving | senkeçmey tura eseŋif you keep on not forgiving | olkeçmey tura eseif he keeps on not forgiving | bizkeçmey tura esekif we keep on not forgiving | sizkeçmey tura esegizif you all keep on not forgiving | alakeçmey tura eseleif they keep on not forgiving |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menkeçdim esemif I forgave | senkeçdiŋ eseŋif you forgave | olkeçdi eseif he forgave | bizkeçdik esekif we forgave | sizkeçdigiz esegizif you all forgave | alakeçdile eseleif they forgave |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menkeçmedim esemif I didn't forgive | senkeçmediŋ eseŋif you didn't forgive | olkeçmedi eseif he didn't forgive | bizkeçmedik esekif we didn't forgive | sizkeçmedigiz esegizif you all didn't forgive | alakeçmedile eseleif they didn't forgive |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menkeçgen esemif I did forgive (indeed) | senkeçgen eseŋif you did forgive (indeed) | olkeçgen eseif he did forgive (indeed) | bizkeçgen esekif we did forgive (indeed) | sizkeçgen esegizif you all did forgive (indeed) | alakeçgen eseleif they did forgive (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menkeçmegen esemif I didn't forgive (indeed) | senkeçmegen eseŋif you didn't forgive (indeed) | olkeçmegen eseif he didn't forgive (indeed) | bizkeçmegen esekif we didn't forgive (indeed) | sizkeçmegen esegizif you all didn't forgive (indeed) | alakeçmegen eseleif they didn't forgive (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menkeçgen bolsamif I had forgiven | senkeçgen bolsaŋif you had forgiven | olkeçgen bolsaif he had forgiven | bizkeçgen bolsaqif we had forgiven | sizkeçgen bolsağızif you all had forgiven | alakeçgen bolsalaif they had forgiven |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menkeçmegen bolsamif I hadn't forgiven | senkeçmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't forgiven | olkeçmegen bolsaif he hadn't forgiven | bizkeçmegen bolsaqif we hadn't forgiven | sizkeçmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't forgiven | alakeçmegen bolsalaif they hadn't forgiven |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menkeçgen bolsam edikeçgen bolsam edif only I had forgiven | senkeçgen bolsaŋ edikeçgen bolsaŋ edif only you had forgiven | olkeçgen bolsa edikeçgen bolsaedif only he had forgiven | bizkeçgen bolsaq edikeçgen bolsaq edif only we had forgiven | sizkeçgen bolsağız edikeçgen bolsağız edif only you all had forgiven | alakeçgen bolsala edikeçgen bolsalaedif only they had forgiven |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menkeçmegen bolsam edikeçmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't forgiven | senkeçmegen bolsaŋ edikeçmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't forgiven | olkeçmegen bolsa edikeçmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't forgiven | bizkeçmegen bolsaq edikeçmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't forgiven | sizkeçmegen bolsağız edikeçmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't forgiven | alakeçmegen bolsala edikeçmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't forgiven |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menkeçer esemif I will forgive | senkeçer eseŋif you will forgive | olkeçer eseif he will forgive | bizkeçer esekif we will forgive | sizkeçer esegizif you all will forgive | alakeçer eseleif they will forgive |
| Conditional, aorist | menkeçmez esemif I won't forgive | senkeçmez eseŋif you won't forgive | olkeçmez eseif he won't forgive | bizkeçmez esekif we won't forgive | sizkeçmez esegizif you all won't forgive | alakeçmez eseleif they won't forgive |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menkeçerik esemif I am going to forgive | senkeçerik eseŋif you are going to forgive | olkeçerik eseif he is going to forgive | bizkeçerik esekif we are going to forgive | sizkeçerik esegizif you all are going to forgive | alakeçerik eseleif they are going to forgive |
| Conditional, future | menkeçerik tül esemif I am not going to forgive | senkeçerik tül eseŋif you are not going to forgive | olkeçerik tül eseif he is not going to forgive | bizkeçerik tül esekif we are not going to forgive | sizkeçerik tül esegizif you all are not going to forgive | alakeçerik tül eseleif they are not going to forgive |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menkeçerik bolsamif I were going to forgive | senkeçerik bolsaŋif you were going to forgive | olkeçerik bolsaif he were going to forgive | bizkeçerik bolsaqif we were going to forgive | sizkeçerik bolsağızif you all were going to forgive | alakeçerik bolsalaif they were going to forgive |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menkeçmezlik bolsamif I were not going to forgive | senkeçmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to forgive | olkeçmezlik bolsaif he were not going to forgive | bizkeçmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to forgive | sizkeçmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to forgive | alakeçmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to forgive |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso keçdiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menkeçe bolurmaI must be forgiving | senkeçe bolursayou must be forgiving | olkeçe bolurhe must be forgiving | bizkeçe bolurbuzwe must be forgiving | sizkeçe bolursuzyou all must be forgiving | alakeçe bolurlathey must be forgiving |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menkeçmey bolurmaI must not be forgiving | senkeçmey bolursayou must not be forgiving | olkeçmey bolurhe must not be forgiving | bizkeçmey bolurbuzwe must not be forgiving | sizkeçmey bolursuzyou all must not be forgiving | alakeçmey bolurlathey must not be forgiving |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menkeçe tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of forgiving | senkeçe tura bolursayou must be in the middle of forgiving | olkeçe tura bolurhe must be in the middle of forgiving | bizkeçe tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of forgiving | sizkeçe tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of forgiving | alakeçe tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of forgiving |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menkeçmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not forgiving | senkeçmey tura bolursayou must keep on not forgiving | olkeçmey tura bolurhe must keep on not forgiving | bizkeçmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not forgiving | sizkeçmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not forgiving | alakeçmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not forgiving |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menkeçgen bolurmaI must have forgiven | senkeçgen bolursayou must have forgiven | olkeçgen bolurhe must have forgiven | bizkeçgen bolurbuzwe must have forgiven | sizkeçgen bolursuzyou all must have forgiven | alakeçgen bolurlathey must have forgiven |
| Inference (must have) | menkeçmegen bolurmaI must not have forgiven | senkeçmegen bolursayou must not have forgiven | olkeçmegen bolurhe must not have forgiven | bizkeçmegen bolurbuzwe must not have forgiven | sizkeçmegen bolursuzyou all must not have forgiven | alakeçmegen bolurlathey must not have forgiven |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menkeçerik bolurmaI must be going to forgive | senkeçerik bolursayou must be going to forgive | olkeçerik bolurhe must be going to forgive | bizkeçerik bolurbuzwe must be going to forgive | sizkeçerik bolursuzyou all must be going to forgive | alakeçerik bolurlathey must be going to forgive |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menkeçmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to forgive | senkeçmezlik bolursayou must not be going to forgive | olkeçmezlik bolurhe must not be going to forgive | bizkeçmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to forgive | sizkeçmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to forgive | alakeçmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to forgive |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menkeçeyimlet me forgive | senkeç!forgive! | olkeçsinlet him forgive | bizkeçeyiklet's forgive | sizkeçigiz!forgive, you all! | alakeçsinlelet them forgive |
| Commands & suggestions | menkeçmeyimlet me not forgive | senkeçme!don't forgive! | olkeçmesinlet him not forgive | bizkeçmeyiklet's not forgive | sizkeçmegiz!don't forgive, you all! | alakeçmesinlelet them not forgive |
| Commands & suggestions | menkeçeyimmi?shall I forgive? | olkeçsinmi?should he forgive? | bizkeçeyikmi?shall we forgive? | alakeçsinlemi?should they forgive? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menkeçmeyimmi?shall I not forgive? | olkeçmesinmi?should he not forgive? | bizkeçmeyikmi?shall we not forgive? | alakeçmesinlemi?should they not forgive? | ||
| Requests | senkeççi2keççinplease forgive | olkeçsinçido let him forgive | sizkeççigizplease forgive (plural/polite) | alakeçsinleçido let them forgive | ||
| Requests | senkeçmeçi2keçmeçinplease don't forgive | olkeçmesinçido let him not forgive | sizkeçmeçigizplease don't forgive (plural/polite) | alakeçmesinleçido let them not forgive | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senkeçginkeçgimay you forgive | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senkeçmeginkeçmegimay you not forgive | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menkeçgey edim keçge edimwould that I forgave | senkeçgey ediŋ keçge ediŋwould that you forgave | olkeçgey edi keçge ediwould that he forgave | bizkeçgey edik keçge edikwould that we forgave | sizkeçgey edigiz keçge edigizwould that you all forgave | alakeçgey edile keçge edilewould that they forgave |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menkeçmegey edim keçmege edimwould that I did not forgive | senkeçmegey ediŋ keçmege ediŋwould that you did not forgive | olkeçmegey edi keçmege ediwould that he did not forgive | bizkeçmegey edik keçmege edikwould that we did not forgive | sizkeçmegey edigiz keçmege edigizwould that you all did not forgive | alakeçmegey edile keçmege edilewould that they did not forgive |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menkeçmege qoyayımkeçme qoyayımlet me allow someone to forgive | senkeçmege qoy!keçme qoy!let someone forgive! | olkeçmege qoysunkeçme qoysunlet him allow someone to forgive | bizkeçmege qoyayıqkeçme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to forgive | sizkeçmege qoyuğuz!keçme qoyuğuz!let someone forgive, you all! | alakeçmege qoysunlakeçme qoysunlalet them allow someone to forgive |
| Let someone… (commands) | menkeçmege qoymayımkeçme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to forgive | senkeçmege qoyma!keçme qoyma!don't let someone forgive! | olkeçmege qoymasınkeçme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to forgive | bizkeçmege qoymayıqkeçme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to forgive | sizkeçmege qoymağız!keçme qoymağız!don't let someone forgive, you all! | alakeçmege qoymasınlakeçme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to forgive |
| Let someone… (commands) | menkeçmege qoyayımmı?keçme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to forgive? | olkeçmege qoysunmu?keçme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to forgive? | bizkeçmege qoyayıqmı?keçme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to forgive? | alakeçmege qoysunlamı?keçme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to forgive? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menkeçmege qoymayımmı?keçme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to forgive? | olkeçmege qoymasınmı?keçme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to forgive? | bizkeçmege qoymayıqmı?keçme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to forgive? | alakeçmege qoymasınlamı?keçme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to forgive? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menkeçmege qoyamakeçme qoyamaI allow someone to forgive | senkeçmege qoyasakeçme qoyasayou allow someone to forgive | olkeçmege qoyadıkeçme qoyadıhe allows someone to forgive | bizkeçmege qoyabızkeçme qoyabızwe allow someone to forgive | sizkeçmege qoyasızkeçme qoyasızyou all allow someone to forgive | alakeçmege qoyadılakeçme qoyadılathey allow someone to forgive |
| Let someone… (present) | menkeçmege qoymaymakeçme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to forgive | senkeçmege qoymaysakeçme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to forgive | olkeçmege qoymaydıkeçme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to forgive | bizkeçmege qoymaybızkeçme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to forgive | sizkeçmege qoymaysızkeçme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to forgive | alakeçmege qoymaydılakeçme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to forgive |
| Let someone… (present) | menkeçmege qoyamamı?keçme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to forgive? | senkeçmege qoyamısa?keçme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to forgive? | olkeçmege qoyamıdı?keçme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to forgive? | bizkeçmege qoyabızmı?keçme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to forgive? | sizkeçmege qoyamısız?keçme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to forgive? | alakeçmege qoyamıdıla?keçme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to forgive? |
| Let someone… (present) | menkeçmege qoymaymamı?keçme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to forgive? | senkeçmege qoymaymısa?keçme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to forgive? | olkeçmege qoymaymıdı?keçme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to forgive? | bizkeçmege qoymaybızmı?keçme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to forgive? | sizkeçmege qoymaymısız?keçme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to forgive? | alakeçmege qoymaymıdıla?keçme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to forgive? |
| Let someone… (past) | menkeçmege qoydumkeçme qoydumI allowed someone to forgive | senkeçmege qoyduŋkeçme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to forgive | olkeçmege qoydukeçme qoyduhe allowed someone to forgive | bizkeçmege qoyduqkeçme qoyduqwe allowed someone to forgive | sizkeçmege qoyduğuzkeçme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to forgive | alakeçmege qoydulakeçme qoydulathey allowed someone to forgive |
| Let someone… (past) | menkeçmege qoymadımkeçme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to forgive | senkeçmege qoymadıŋkeçme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to forgive | olkeçmege qoymadıkeçme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to forgive | bizkeçmege qoymadıqkeçme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to forgive | sizkeçmege qoymadığızkeçme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to forgive | alakeçmege qoymadılakeçme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to forgive |
| Let someone… (past) | menkeçmege qoydummu?keçme qoydummu?did I allow someone to forgive? | senkeçmege qoyduŋmu?keçme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to forgive? | olkeçmege qoydumu?keçme qoydumu?did he allow someone to forgive? | bizkeçmege qoyduqmu?keçme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to forgive? | sizkeçmege qoyduğuzmu?keçme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to forgive? | alakeçmege qoydulamı?keçme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to forgive? |
| Let someone… (past) | menkeçmege qoymadımmı?keçme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to forgive? | senkeçmege qoymadıŋmı?keçme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to forgive? | olkeçmege qoymadımı?keçme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to forgive? | bizkeçmege qoymadıqmı?keçme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to forgive? | sizkeçmege qoymadığızmı?keçme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to forgive? | alakeçmege qoymadılamı?keçme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to forgive? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
keçalırğa be able to forgive · keçalmazğa be unable to forgive
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menkeçalamaI can forgive | senkeçalasayou can forgive | olkeçaladıhe can forgive | bizkeçalabızwe can forgive | sizkeçalasızyou all can forgive | alakeçaladılathey can forgive |
| Ability — present | menkeçalmaymaI can't forgive | senkeçalmaysayou can't forgive | olkeçalmaydıhe can't forgive | bizkeçalmaybızwe can't forgive | sizkeçalmaysızyou all can't forgive | alakeçalmaydılathey can't forgive |
| Ability — present | menkeçalamamı? keçalamıma?can I forgive? | senkeçalamısa?can you forgive? | olkeçalamıdı?can he forgive? | bizkeçalabızmı? keçalamıbız?can we forgive? | sizkeçalamısız?can you all forgive? | alakeçalamıdıla?can they forgive? |
| Ability — present | menkeçalmaymamı? keçalmaymıma?can't I forgive? | senkeçalmaymısa?can't you forgive? | olkeçalmaymıdı?can't he forgive? | bizkeçalmaybızmı? keçalmaymıbız?can't we forgive? | sizkeçalmaymısız?can't you all forgive? | alakeçalmaymıdıla?can't they forgive? |
| Ability — if I can… | menkeçalsamif I can forgive | senkeçalsaŋif you can forgive | olkeçalsaif he can forgive | bizkeçalsaqif we can forgive | sizkeçalsağızif you all can forgive | alakeçalsalaif they can forgive |
| Ability — if I can… | menkeçalmasamif I can't forgive | senkeçalmasaŋif you can't forgive | olkeçalmasaif he can't forgive | bizkeçalmasaqif we can't forgive | sizkeçalmasağızif you all can't forgive | alakeçalmasalaif they can't forgive |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menkeçaldımI was able to forgive | senkeçaldıŋyou were able to forgive | olkeçaldıhe was able to forgive | bizkeçaldıqwe were able to forgive | sizkeçaldığızyou all were able to forgive | alakeçaldılathey were able to forgive |
| Ability — simple past | menkeçalmadımI could not forgive | senkeçalmadıŋyou could not forgive | olkeçalmadıhe could not forgive | bizkeçalmadıqwe could not forgive | sizkeçalmadığızyou all could not forgive | alakeçalmadılathey could not forgive |
| Ability — simple past | menkeçaldımmı?was I able to forgive? | senkeçaldıŋmı?were you able to forgive? | olkeçaldımı?was he able to forgive? | bizkeçaldıqmı?were we able to forgive? | sizkeçaldığızmı?were you all able to forgive? | alakeçaldılamı?were they able to forgive? |
| Ability — simple past | menkeçalmadımmı?couldn't I forgive? | senkeçalmadıŋmı?couldn't you forgive? | olkeçalmadımı?couldn't he forgive? | bizkeçalmadıqmı?couldn't we forgive? | sizkeçalmadığızmı?couldn't you all forgive? | alakeçalmadılamı?couldn't they forgive? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkeçalğanmaI have been able to forgive | senkeçalğansayou have been able to forgive | olkeçalğandıhe has been able to forgive | bizkeçalğanbızwe have been able to forgive | sizkeçalğansızyou all have been able to forgive | alakeçalğandılathey have been able to forgive |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkeçalmağanmaI haven't been able to forgive | senkeçalmağansayou haven't been able to forgive | olkeçalmağandıhe hasn't been able to forgive | bizkeçalmağanbızwe haven't been able to forgive | sizkeçalmağansızyou all haven't been able to forgive | alakeçalmağandılathey haven't been able to forgive |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkeçalğanmamı? keçalğanmıma?have I been able to forgive? | senkeçalğanmısa?have you been able to forgive? | olkeçalğanmıdı?has he been able to forgive? | bizkeçalğanbızmı? keçalğanmıbız?have we been able to forgive? | sizkeçalğanmısız?have you all been able to forgive? | alakeçalğanmıdıla?have they been able to forgive? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkeçalmağanmamı? keçalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to forgive? | senkeçalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to forgive? | olkeçalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to forgive? | bizkeçalmağanbızmı? keçalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to forgive? | sizkeçalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to forgive? | alakeçalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to forgive? |
| Ability — past perfect | menkeçalğan edimkeçalğanemI had been able to forgive | senkeçalğan ediŋkeçalğaneŋyou had been able to forgive | olkeçalğan edikeçalğanedhe had been able to forgive | bizkeçalğan edikkeçalğanekwe had been able to forgive | sizkeçalğan edigizkeçalğanegizyou all had been able to forgive | alakeçalğan edilekeçalğanellethey had been able to forgive |
| Ability — past perfect | menkeçalmağan edimkeçalmağanemI hadn't been able to forgive | senkeçalmağan ediŋkeçalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to forgive | olkeçalmağan edikeçalmağanedhe hadn't been able to forgive | bizkeçalmağan edikkeçalmağanekwe hadn't been able to forgive | sizkeçalmağan edigizkeçalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to forgive | alakeçalmağan edilekeçalmağanellethey hadn't been able to forgive |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menkeçala edimkeçalaemI could forgive | senkeçala ediŋkeçalaeŋyou could forgive | olkeçala edikeçalaedhe could forgive | bizkeçala edikkeçalaekwe could forgive | sizkeçala edigizkeçalaegizyou all could forgive | alakeçala edilekeçalaellethey could forgive |
| Ability — past background | menkeçalmay edimkeçalmayemI could not forgive | senkeçalmay ediŋkeçalmayeŋyou could not forgive | olkeçalmay edikeçalmayedhe could not forgive | bizkeçalmay edikkeçalmayekwe could not forgive | sizkeçalmay edigizkeçalmayegizyou all could not forgive | alakeçalmay edilekeçalmayellethey could not forgive |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menkeçalırmaI will be able to forgive | senkeçalırsayou will be able to forgive | olkeçalırhe will be able to forgive | bizkeçalırbızwe will be able to forgive | sizkeçalırsızyou all will be able to forgive | alakeçalırlathey will be able to forgive |
| Ability — future I | menkeçalmazmaI won't be able to forgive | senkeçalmazsayou won't be able to forgive | olkeçalmazhe won't be able to forgive | bizkeçalmazbızwe won't be able to forgive | sizkeçalmazsızyou all won't be able to forgive | alakeçalmazlathey won't be able to forgive |
| Ability — future I | menkeçalırmamı? keçalırmıma?will I be able to forgive? | senkeçalırmısa?will you be able to forgive? | olkeçalırmı?will he be able to forgive? | bizkeçalırbızmı? keçalırmıbız?will we be able to forgive? | sizkeçalırmısız?will you all be able to forgive? | alakeçalırlamı? keçalırmıla?will they be able to forgive? |
| Ability — future I | menkeçalmazmamı? keçalmazmıma?won't I be able to forgive? | senkeçalmazmısa?won't you be able to forgive? | olkeçalmazmı?won't he be able to forgive? | bizkeçalmazbızmı? keçalmazmıbız?won't we be able to forgive? | sizkeçalmazmısız?won't you all be able to forgive? | alakeçalmazlamı? keçalmazmıla?won't they be able to forgive? |
| Ability — future II | menkeçallıqmaI am going to be able to forgive | senkeçallıqsayou are going to be able to forgive | olkeçallıqdıhe is going to be able to forgive | bizkeçallıqbızwe are going to be able to forgive | sizkeçallıqsızyou all are going to be able to forgive | alakeçallıqdılathey are going to be able to forgive |
| Ability — future II | menkeçallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to forgive | senkeçallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to forgive | olkeçallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to forgive | bizkeçallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to forgive | sizkeçallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to forgive | alakeçallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to forgive |
| Ability — future II | menkeçallıqmamı? keçallıqmıma?am I going to be able to forgive? | senkeçallıqmısa?are you going to be able to forgive? | olkeçallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to forgive? | bizkeçallıqbızmı? keçallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to forgive? | sizkeçallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to forgive? | alakeçallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to forgive? |
| Ability — future II | menkeçallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to forgive? | senkeçallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to forgive? | olkeçallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to forgive? | bizkeçallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to forgive? | sizkeçallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to forgive? | alakeçallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to forgive? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menkeçalır edimkeçalır emI would be able to forgive | senkeçalır ediŋkeçalır eŋyou would be able to forgive | olkeçalır edikeçalır edhe would be able to forgive | bizkeçalır edikkeçalır ekwe would be able to forgive | sizkeçalır edigizkeçalır egizyou all would be able to forgive | alakeçalır edilekeçalır ellethey would be able to forgive |
| Ability — would be able to… | menkeçalmaz edimkeçalmaz emI wouldn't be able to forgive | senkeçalmaz ediŋkeçalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to forgive | olkeçalmaz edikeçalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to forgive | bizkeçalmaz edikkeçalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to forgive | sizkeçalmaz edigizkeçalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to forgive | alakeçalmaz edilekeçalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to forgive |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senkeçalğınkeçalğımay you be able to forgive | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senkeçalmağınkeçalmağımay you not be able to forgive | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menkeçerge izleymeI want to forgive | senkeçerge izleyseyou want to forgive | olkeçerge izleydihe wants to forgive | bizkeçerge izleybizwe want to forgive | sizkeçerge izleysizyou all want to forgive | alakeçerge izleydilethey want to forgive |
| want to | menkeçerge izlemeymeI do not want to forgive | senkeçerge izlemeyseyou do not want to forgive | olkeçerge izlemeydihe does not want to forgive | bizkeçerge izlemeybizwe do not want to forgive | sizkeçerge izlemeysizyou all do not want to forgive | alakeçerge izlemeydilethey do not want to forgive |
| would like to | menkeçerge süemeI would like to forgive | senkeçerge süeseyou would like to forgive | olkeçerge süedihe would like to forgive | bizkeçerge süebizwe would like to forgive | sizkeçerge süesizyou all would like to forgive | alakeçerge süedilethey would like to forgive |
| would like to | menkeçerge süymeymeI would not like to forgive | senkeçerge süymeyseyou would not like to forgive | olkeçerge süymeydihe would not like to forgive | bizkeçerge süymeybizwe would not like to forgive | sizkeçerge süymeysizyou all would not like to forgive | alakeçerge süymeydilethey would not like to forgive |
| hope to | menkeçerge umutlanamaI hope to forgive | senkeçerge umutlanasayou hope to forgive | olkeçerge umutlanadıhe hopes to forgive | bizkeçerge umutlanabızwe hope to forgive | sizkeçerge umutlanasızyou all hope to forgive | alakeçerge umutlanadılathey hope to forgive |
| hope to | menkeçerge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to forgive | senkeçerge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to forgive | olkeçerge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to forgive | bizkeçerge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to forgive | sizkeçerge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to forgive | alakeçerge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to forgive |
| be about to | menkeçerge deb turamaI am about to forgive | senkeçerge deb turasayou are about to forgive | olkeçerge deb turadıhe is about to forgive | bizkeçerge deb turabızwe are about to forgive | sizkeçerge deb turasızyou all are about to forgive | alakeçerge deb turadılathey are about to forgive |
| be about to | menkeçerge deb turmaymaI am not about to forgive | senkeçerge deb turmaysayou are not about to forgive | olkeçerge deb turmaydıhe is not about to forgive | bizkeçerge deb turmaybızwe are not about to forgive | sizkeçerge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to forgive | alakeçerge deb turmaydılathey are not about to forgive |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menkeçerge kerekmeI need to forgive | senkeçerge kerekseyou need to forgive | olkeçerge kerekdihe needs to forgive | bizkeçerge kerekbizwe need to forgive | sizkeçerge kereksizyou all need to forgive | alakeçerge kerekdilethey need to forgive |
| need to | menkeçerge kerek tülmeI do not need to forgive | senkeçerge kerek tülseyou do not need to forgive | olkeçerge kerek tüldühe does not need to forgive | bizkeçerge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to forgive | sizkeçerge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to forgive | alakeçerge kerek tüldülethey do not need to forgive |
| have to | menmenŋe keçerge tüşediI have to forgive | sensenŋe keçerge tüşediyou have to forgive | olaŋa keçerge tüşedihe has to forgive | bizbizge keçerge tüşediwe have to forgive | sizsizge keçerge tüşediyou all have to forgive | alaalağa keçerge tüşedithey have to forgive |
| have to | menmenŋe keçerge tüşmeydiI do not have to forgive | sensenŋe keçerge tüşmeydiyou do not have to forgive | olaŋa keçerge tüşmeydihe does not have to forgive | bizbizge keçerge tüşmeydiwe do not have to forgive | sizsizge keçerge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to forgive | alaalağa keçerge tüşmeydithey do not have to forgive |
| be obliged to | menkeçerge borçlumaI am obliged to forgive | senkeçerge borçlusayou are obliged to forgive | olkeçerge borçluduhe is obliged to forgive | bizkeçerge borçlubuzwe are obliged to forgive | sizkeçerge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to forgive | alakeçerge borçludulathey are obliged to forgive |
| be obliged to | menkeçerge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to forgive | senkeçerge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to forgive | olkeçerge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to forgive | bizkeçerge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to forgive | sizkeçerge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to forgive | alakeçerge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to forgive |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menkeçerge madarım bardıI have a way to forgive | senkeçerge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to forgive | olkeçerge madarı bardıhe has a way to forgive | bizkeçerge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to forgive | sizkeçerge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to forgive | alakeçerge madarları bardıthey have a way to forgive |
| have a way to | menkeçerge madarım joqduI have no way to forgive | senkeçerge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to forgive | olkeçerge madarı joqduhe has no way to forgive | bizkeçerge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to forgive | sizkeçerge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to forgive | alakeçerge madarları joqduthey have no way to forgive |
| be free to | menkeçerge erkinligim bardıI am free to forgive | senkeçerge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to forgive | olkeçerge erkinligi bardıhe is free to forgive | bizkeçerge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to forgive | sizkeçerge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to forgive | alakeçerge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to forgive |
| be free to | menkeçerge erkinligim joqduI am not free to forgive | senkeçerge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to forgive | olkeçerge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to forgive | bizkeçerge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to forgive | sizkeçerge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to forgive | alakeçerge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to forgive |
| be possible to | menmenŋe keçerge bolluqduit is possible for me to forgive | sensenŋe keçerge bolluqduit is possible for you to forgive | olaŋa keçerge bolluqduit is possible for him to forgive | bizbizge keçerge bolluqduit is possible for us to forgive | sizsizge keçerge bolluqduit is possible for you all to forgive | alaalağa keçerge bolluqduit is possible for them to forgive |
| be possible to | menmenŋe keçerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to forgive | sensenŋe keçerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to forgive | olaŋa keçerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to forgive | bizbizge keçerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to forgive | sizsizge keçerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to forgive | alaalağa keçerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to forgive |
| be ready to | menkeçerge hazırmaI am ready to forgive | senkeçerge hazırsayou are ready to forgive | olkeçerge hazırdıhe is ready to forgive | bizkeçerge hazırbızwe are ready to forgive | sizkeçerge hazırsızyou all are ready to forgive | alakeçerge hazırdılathey are ready to forgive |
| be ready to | menkeçerge hazır tülmeI am not ready to forgive | senkeçerge hazır tülseyou are not ready to forgive | olkeçerge hazır tüldühe is not ready to forgive | bizkeçerge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to forgive | sizkeçerge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to forgive | alakeçerge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to forgive |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menkeçerge küreşemeI am trying to forgive | senkeçerge küreşeseyou are trying to forgive | olkeçerge küreşedihe is trying to forgive | bizkeçerge küreşebizwe are trying to forgive | sizkeçerge küreşesizyou all are trying to forgive | alakeçerge küreşedilethey are trying to forgive |
| try to | menkeçerge küreşmeymeI am not trying to forgive | senkeçerge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to forgive | olkeçerge küreşmeydihe is not trying to forgive | bizkeçerge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to forgive | sizkeçerge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to forgive | alakeçerge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to forgive |
| agree to | menkeçerge unaymaI agree to forgive | senkeçerge unaysayou agree to forgive | olkeçerge unaydıhe agrees to forgive | bizkeçerge unaybızwe agree to forgive | sizkeçerge unaysızyou all agree to forgive | alakeçerge unaydılathey agree to forgive |
| agree to | menkeçerge unamaymaI refuse to forgive | senkeçerge unamaysayou refuse to forgive | olkeçerge unamaydıhe refuses to forgive | bizkeçerge unamaybızwe refuse to forgive | sizkeçerge unamaysızyou all refuse to forgive | alakeçerge unamaydılathey refuse to forgive |
| hurry to | menkeçerge aşığamaI am in a hurry to forgive | senkeçerge aşığasayou are in a hurry to forgive | olkeçerge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to forgive | bizkeçerge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to forgive | sizkeçerge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to forgive | alakeçerge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to forgive |
| hurry to | menkeçerge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to forgive | senkeçerge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to forgive | olkeçerge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to forgive | bizkeçerge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to forgive | sizkeçerge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to forgive | alakeçerge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to forgive |
| be afraid to | menkeçerge qorqamaI am afraid to forgive | senkeçerge qorqasayou are afraid to forgive | olkeçerge qorqadıhe is afraid to forgive | bizkeçerge qorqabızwe are afraid to forgive | sizkeçerge qorqasızyou all are afraid to forgive | alakeçerge qorqadılathey are afraid to forgive |
| be afraid to | menkeçerge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to forgive | senkeçerge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to forgive | olkeçerge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to forgive | bizkeçerge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to forgive | sizkeçerge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to forgive | alakeçerge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to forgive |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menkeçe bolmazmaI can't be forgiving | senkeçe bolmazsayou can't be forgiving | olkeçe bolmazhe can't be forgiving | bizkeçe bolmazbızwe can't be forgiving | sizkeçe bolmazsızyou all can't be forgiving | alakeçe bolmazlathey can't be forgiving |
| Inference, present — double negation | menkeçmey bolmazmaI must be forgiving (emphatic) | senkeçmey bolmazsayou must be forgiving (emphatic) | olkeçmey bolmazhe must be forgiving (emphatic) | bizkeçmey bolmazbızwe must be forgiving (emphatic) | sizkeçmey bolmazsızyou all must be forgiving (emphatic) | alakeçmey bolmazlathey must be forgiving (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menkeçe turmasamif I don't keep forgiving | senkeçe turmasaŋif you don't keep forgiving | olkeçe turmasaif he doesn't keep forgiving | bizkeçe turmasaqif we don't keep forgiving | sizkeçe turmasağızif you all don't keep forgiving | alakeçe turmasalaif they don't keep forgiving |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menkeçe tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of forgiving | senkeçe tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of forgiving | olkeçe tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of forgiving | bizkeçe tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of forgiving | sizkeçe tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of forgiving | alakeçe tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of forgiving |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menkeçmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not forgiving (emphatic) | senkeçmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not forgiving (emphatic) | olkeçmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not forgiving (emphatic) | bizkeçmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not forgiving (emphatic) | sizkeçmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not forgiving (emphatic) | alakeçmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not forgiving (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menkeçmey turamaI keep on not forgiving | senkeçmey turasayou keep on not forgiving | olkeçmey turadıhe keeps on not forgiving | bizkeçmey turabızwe keep on not forgiving | sizkeçmey turasızyou all keep on not forgiving | alakeçmey turadılathey keep on not forgiving |
| Progressive — double negation | menkeçmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not forgiving | senkeçmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not forgiving | olkeçmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not forgiving | bizkeçmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not forgiving | sizkeçmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not forgiving | alakeçmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not forgiving |
| Progressive — double negation | menkeçmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not forgiving? | senkeçmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not forgiving? | olkeçmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not forgiving? | bizkeçmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not forgiving? | sizkeçmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not forgiving? | alakeçmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not forgiving? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menkeçgen bolmazmaI can't have forgiven | senkeçgen bolmazsayou can't have forgiven | olkeçgen bolmazhe can't have forgiven | bizkeçgen bolmazbızwe can't have forgiven | sizkeçgen bolmazsızyou all can't have forgiven | alakeçgen bolmazlathey can't have forgiven |
| Inference — double negation | menkeçmegen bolmazmaI must have forgiven (emphatic) | senkeçmegen bolmazsayou must have forgiven (emphatic) | olkeçmegen bolmazhe must have forgiven (emphatic) | bizkeçmegen bolmazbızwe must have forgiven (emphatic) | sizkeçmegen bolmazsızyou all must have forgiven (emphatic) | alakeçmegen bolmazlathey must have forgiven (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menkeçgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had forgiven | senkeçgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had forgiven | olkeçgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had forgiven | bizkeçgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had forgiven | sizkeçgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had forgiven | alakeçgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had forgiven |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menkeçmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't forgiven | senkeçmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't forgiven | olkeçmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't forgiven | bizkeçmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't forgiven | sizkeçmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't forgiven | alakeçmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't forgiven |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menkeçerik bolmazmaI can't be going to forgive | senkeçerik bolmazsayou can't be going to forgive | olkeçerik bolmazhe can't be going to forgive | bizkeçerik bolmazbızwe can't be going to forgive | sizkeçerik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to forgive | alakeçerik bolmazlathey can't be going to forgive |
| Inference, future — double negation | menkeçmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to forgive (emphatic) | senkeçmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to forgive (emphatic) | olkeçmezlik bolmazhe must be going to forgive (emphatic) | bizkeçmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to forgive (emphatic) | sizkeçmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to forgive (emphatic) | alakeçmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to forgive (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menkeçerik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to forgive | senkeçerik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to forgive | olkeçerik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to forgive | bizkeçerik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to forgive | sizkeçerik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to forgive | alakeçerik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to forgive |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menkeçmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to forgive | senkeçmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to forgive | olkeçmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to forgive | bizkeçmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to forgive | sizkeçmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to forgive | alakeçmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to forgive |