kemsinirge
/kemsinirɡe/
underestimate, belittle, look down on, consider inferior — The standard of comparison takes the ablative: kesiŋden kemsinirge means to consider someone beneath yourself. Tenishev and Suyunchev 1989 gives kemsinib almazğa, to consider a girl unworthy of oneself and not marry her, and kemsinib qoyarğa, to underestimate someone or something.
- kesiŋden kemsinirge — to consider someone beneath yourself
- kemsinib qoyarğa — to underestimate
Conjugation
Common forms
- kemsinedihe is underestimating
- kemsindihe underestimated
- kemsinŋendihe has underestimated
- kemsinirhe will underestimate
- kemsinnikdihe is going to underestimate
- kemsine edihe was underestimating
- kemsinseif he underestimates
- kemsin!underestimate!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkemsinemeI am underestimating | senkemsineseyou are underestimating | olkemsinedihe is underestimating | bizkemsinebizwe are underestimating | sizkemsinesizyou all are underestimating | alakemsinedilethey are underestimating |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkemsinmeymeI am not underestimating | senkemsinmeyseyou are not underestimating | olkemsinmeydihe is not underestimating | bizkemsinmeybizwe are not underestimating | sizkemsinmeysizyou all are not underestimating | alakemsinmeydilethey are not underestimating |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkemsinememi? kemsinemime?am I underestimating? | senkemsinemise?are you underestimating? | olkemsinemidi?is he underestimating? | bizkemsinebizmi? kemsinemibiz?are we underestimating? | sizkemsinemisiz?are you all underestimating? | alakemsinemidile?are they underestimating? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkemsinmeymemi? kemsinmeymime?aren't I underestimating? | senkemsinmeymise?aren't you underestimating? | olkemsinmeymidi?isn't he underestimating? | bizkemsinmeybizmi? kemsinmeymibiz?aren't we underestimating? | sizkemsinmeymisiz?aren't you all underestimating? | alakemsinmeymidile?aren't they underestimating? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkemsiniwçenmeI usually underestimate | senkemsiniwçenseyou usually underestimate | olkemsiniwçendihe usually underestimates | bizkemsiniwçenbizwe usually underestimate | sizkemsiniwçensizyou all usually underestimate | alakemsiniwçendilethey usually underestimate |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkemsinmewçenmeI usually don't underestimate | senkemsinmewçenseyou usually don't underestimate | olkemsinmewçendihe usually doesn't underestimate | bizkemsinmewçenbizwe usually don't underestimate | sizkemsinmewçensizyou all usually don't underestimate | alakemsinmewçendilethey usually don't underestimate |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkemsiniwçenmemi? kemsiniwçenmime?do I usually underestimate? | senkemsiniwçenmise?do you usually underestimate? | olkemsiniwçenmidi?does he usually underestimate? | bizkemsiniwçenbizmi? kemsiniwçenmibiz?do we usually underestimate? | sizkemsiniwçenmisiz?do you all usually underestimate? | alakemsiniwçenmidile?do they usually underestimate? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkemsinmewçenmemi? kemsinmewçenmime?do I usually not underestimate? | senkemsinmewçenmise?do you usually not underestimate? | olkemsinmewçenmidi?does he usually not underestimate? | bizkemsinmewçenbizmi? kemsinmewçenmibiz?do we usually not underestimate? | sizkemsinmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not underestimate? | alakemsinmewçenmidile?do they usually not underestimate? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olkemsinibdihe has underestimated and remains so | alakemsinibdilethey have underestimated and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olkemsinibmidi?has he underestimated? | alakemsinibmidile?have they underestimated? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkemsinib turamaI keep underestimating | senkemsinib turasayou keep underestimating | olkemsinib turadıhe keeps underestimating | bizkemsinib turabızwe keep underestimating | sizkemsinib turasızyou all keep underestimating | alakemsinib turadılathey keep underestimating |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkemsinib turmaymaI don't keep underestimating | senkemsinib turmaysayou don't keep underestimating | olkemsinib turmaydıhe doesn't keep underestimating | bizkemsinib turmaybızwe don't keep underestimating | sizkemsinib turmaysızyou all don't keep underestimating | alakemsinib turmaydılathey don't keep underestimating |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkemsinib turamamı? kemsinib turamıma?do I keep underestimating? | senkemsinib turamısa?do you keep underestimating? | olkemsinib turamıdı?does he keep underestimating? | bizkemsinib turabızmı? kemsinib turamıbız?do we keep underestimating? | sizkemsinib turamısız?do you all keep underestimating? | alakemsinib turamıdıla?do they keep underestimating? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkemsinib turmaymamı? kemsinib turmaymıma?don't I keep underestimating? | senkemsinib turmaymısa?don't you keep underestimating? | olkemsinib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep underestimating? | bizkemsinib turmaybızmı? kemsinib turmaymıbız?don't we keep underestimating? | sizkemsinib turmaymısız?don't you all keep underestimating? | alakemsinib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep underestimating? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkemsine turamaI am in the middle of underestimating | senkemsine turasayou are in the middle of underestimating | olkemsine turadıhe is in the middle of underestimating | bizkemsine turabızwe are in the middle of underestimating | sizkemsine turasızyou all are in the middle of underestimating | alakemsine turadılathey are in the middle of underestimating |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkemsine turmaymaI am not in the middle of underestimating | senkemsine turmaysayou are not in the middle of underestimating | olkemsine turmaydıhe is not in the middle of underestimating | bizkemsine turmaybızwe are not in the middle of underestimating | sizkemsine turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of underestimating | alakemsine turmaydılathey are not in the middle of underestimating |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkemsine turamamı? kemsine turamıma?am I in the middle of underestimating? | senkemsine turamısa?are you in the middle of underestimating? | olkemsine turamıdı?is he in the middle of underestimating? | bizkemsine turabızmı? kemsine turamıbız?are we in the middle of underestimating? | sizkemsine turamısız?are you all in the middle of underestimating? | alakemsine turamıdıla?are they in the middle of underestimating? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkemsine turmaymamı? kemsine turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of underestimating? | senkemsine turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of underestimating? | olkemsine turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of underestimating? | bizkemsine turmaybızmı? kemsine turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of underestimating? | sizkemsine turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of underestimating? | alakemsine turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of underestimating? |
| Simple past (definite) | menkemsindimI underestimated | senkemsindiŋyou underestimated | olkemsindihe underestimated | bizkemsindikwe underestimated | sizkemsindigizyou all underestimated | alakemsindilethey underestimated |
| Simple past (definite) | menkemsinmedimI didn't underestimate | senkemsinmediŋyou didn't underestimate | olkemsinmedihe didn't underestimate | bizkemsinmedikwe didn't underestimate | sizkemsinmedigizyou all didn't underestimate | alakemsinmedilethey didn't underestimate |
| Simple past (definite) | menkemsindimmi?did I underestimate? | senkemsindiŋmi?did you underestimate? | olkemsindimi?did he underestimate? | bizkemsindikmi?did we underestimate? | sizkemsindigizmi?did you all underestimate? | alakemsindilemi?did they underestimate? |
| Simple past (definite) | menkemsinmedimmi?didn't I underestimate? | senkemsinmediŋmi?didn't you underestimate? | olkemsinmedimi?didn't he underestimate? | bizkemsinmedikmi?didn't we underestimate? | sizkemsinmedigizmi?didn't you all underestimate? | alakemsinmedilemi?didn't they underestimate? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkemsinŋenmeI have underestimated | senkemsinŋenseyou have underestimated | olkemsinŋendihe has underestimated | bizkemsinŋenbizwe have underestimated | sizkemsinŋensizyou all have underestimated | alakemsinŋendilethey have underestimated |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkemsinmegenmeI haven't underestimated | senkemsinmegenseyou haven't underestimated | olkemsinmegendihe hasn't underestimated | bizkemsinmegenbizwe haven't underestimated | sizkemsinmegensizyou all haven't underestimated | alakemsinmegendilethey haven't underestimated |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkemsinŋenmemi? kemsinŋenmime?have I underestimated? | senkemsinŋenmise?have you underestimated? | olkemsinŋenmidi?has he underestimated? | bizkemsinŋenbizmi? kemsinŋenmibiz?have we underestimated? | sizkemsinŋenmisiz?have you all underestimated? | alakemsinŋenmidile?have they underestimated? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkemsinmegenmemi? kemsinmegenmime?haven't I underestimated? | senkemsinmegenmise?haven't you underestimated? | olkemsinmegenmidi?hasn't he underestimated? | bizkemsinmegenbizmi? kemsinmegenmibiz?haven't we underestimated? | sizkemsinmegenmisiz?haven't you all underestimated? | alakemsinmegenmidile?haven't they underestimated? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menkemsinib turdumI kept underestimating | senkemsinib turduŋyou kept underestimating | olkemsinib turduhe kept underestimating | bizkemsinib turduqwe kept underestimating | sizkemsinib turduğuzyou all kept underestimating | alakemsinib turdulathey kept underestimating |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menkemsinib turmadımI didn't keep underestimating | senkemsinib turmadıŋyou didn't keep underestimating | olkemsinib turmadıhe didn't keep underestimating | bizkemsinib turmadıqwe didn't keep underestimating | sizkemsinib turmadığızyou all didn't keep underestimating | alakemsinib turmadılathey didn't keep underestimating |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkemsinirmeI will underestimate | senkemsinirseyou will underestimate | olkemsinirhe will underestimate | bizkemsinirbizwe will underestimate | sizkemsinirsizyou all will underestimate | alakemsinirlethey will underestimate |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkemsinmezmeI won't underestimate | senkemsinmezseyou won't underestimate | olkemsinmezhe won't underestimate | bizkemsinmezbizwe won't underestimate | sizkemsinmezsizyou all won't underestimate | alakemsinmezlethey won't underestimate |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkemsinirmemi? kemsinirmime?will I underestimate? | senkemsinirmise?will you underestimate? | olkemsinirmi?will he underestimate? | bizkemsinirbizmi? kemsinirmibiz?will we underestimate? | sizkemsinirmisiz?will you all underestimate? | alakemsinirlemi? kemsinirmile?will they underestimate? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkemsinmezmemi? kemsinmezmime?won't I underestimate? | senkemsinmezmise?won't you underestimate? | olkemsinmezmi?won't he underestimate? | bizkemsinmezbizmi? kemsinmezmibiz?won't we underestimate? | sizkemsinmezmisiz?won't you all underestimate? | alakemsinmezlemi? kemsinmezmile?won't they underestimate? |
| Definite future (future II) | menkemsinnikme1kemsinirikmeI am going to underestimate | senkemsinnikse1kemsinirikseyou are going to underestimate | olkemsinnikdi1kemsinirikdihe is going to underestimate | bizkemsinnikbiz1kemsinirikbizwe are going to underestimate | sizkemsinniksiz1kemsiniriksizyou all are going to underestimate | alakemsinnikdile1kemsinirikdilethey are going to underestimate |
| Definite future (future II) | menkemsinnik tülme1kemsinirik tülmeI am not going to underestimate | senkemsinnik tülse1kemsinirik tülseyou are not going to underestimate | olkemsinnik tüldü1kemsinirik tüldühe is not going to underestimate | bizkemsinnik tülbüz1kemsinirik tülbüzwe are not going to underestimate | sizkemsinnik tülsüz1kemsinirik tülsüzyou all are not going to underestimate | alakemsinnik tüldüle1kemsinirik tüldülethey are not going to underestimate |
| Definite future (future II) | menkemsinnikmemi?1 kemsinnikmime?kemsinirikmemi?am I going to underestimate? | senkemsinnikmise?1kemsinirikmise?are you going to underestimate? | olkemsinnikmidi?1kemsinirikmidi?is he going to underestimate? | bizkemsinnikbizmi?1 kemsinnikmibiz?kemsinirikbizmi?are we going to underestimate? | sizkemsinnikmisiz?1kemsinirikmisiz?are you all going to underestimate? | alakemsinnikmidile?1kemsinirikmidile?are they going to underestimate? |
| Definite future (future II) | menkemsinnik tülmüme?1kemsinirik tülmüme?aren't I going to underestimate? | senkemsinnik tülmüse?1kemsinirik tülmüse?aren't you going to underestimate? | olkemsinnik tülmüdü?1kemsinirik tülmüdü?isn't he going to underestimate? | bizkemsinnik tülmübüz?1kemsinirik tülmübüz?aren't we going to underestimate? | sizkemsinnik tülmüsüz?1kemsinirik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to underestimate? | alakemsinnik tülmüdüle?1kemsinirik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to underestimate? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so kemsinirikdi
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menkemsinŋen edimkemsinŋenemI had underestimated | senkemsinŋen ediŋkemsinŋeneŋyou had underestimated | olkemsinŋen edikemsinŋenedhe had underestimated | bizkemsinŋen edikkemsinŋenekwe had underestimated | sizkemsinŋen edigizkemsinŋenegizyou all had underestimated | alakemsinŋen edilekemsinŋenellethey had underestimated |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menkemsinmegen edimkemsinmegenemI hadn't underestimated | senkemsinmegen ediŋkemsinmegeneŋyou hadn't underestimated | olkemsinmegen edikemsinmegenedhe hadn't underestimated | bizkemsinmegen edikkemsinmegenekwe hadn't underestimated | sizkemsinmegen edigizkemsinmegenegizyou all hadn't underestimated | alakemsinmegen edilekemsinmegenellethey hadn't underestimated |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menkemsine edimkemsinemI was underestimating | senkemsine ediŋkemsineŋyou were underestimating | olkemsine edikemsinedhe was underestimating | bizkemsine edikkemsinekwe were underestimating | sizkemsine edigizkemsinegizyou all were underestimating | alakemsine edilekemsinellethey were underestimating |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menkemsinmey edimkemsinmeyemI wasn't underestimating | senkemsinmey ediŋkemsinmeyeŋyou weren't underestimating | olkemsinmey edikemsinmeyedhe wasn't underestimating | bizkemsinmey edikkemsinmeyekwe weren't underestimating | sizkemsinmey edigizkemsinmeyegizyou all weren't underestimating | alakemsinmey edilekemsinmeyellethey weren't underestimating |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menkemsiniwçen edimkemsiniwçenemI used to underestimate | senkemsiniwçen ediŋkemsiniwçeneŋyou used to underestimate | olkemsiniwçen edikemsiniwçenedhe used to underestimate | bizkemsiniwçen edikkemsiniwçenekwe used to underestimate | sizkemsiniwçen edigizkemsiniwçenegizyou all used to underestimate | alakemsiniwçen edilekemsiniwçenellethey used to underestimate |
| Habitual past (used to) | menkemsinmewçen edimkemsinmewçenemI didn't use to underestimate | senkemsinmewçen ediŋkemsinmewçeneŋyou didn't use to underestimate | olkemsinmewçen edikemsinmewçenedhe didn't use to underestimate | bizkemsinmewçen edikkemsinmewçenekwe didn't use to underestimate | sizkemsinmewçen edigizkemsinmewçenegizyou all didn't use to underestimate | alakemsinmewçen edilekemsinmewçenellethey didn't use to underestimate |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olkemsinib edihe had underestimated and remained so | alakemsinib edilethey had underestimated and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olkemsinib tül edihe hadn't underestimated | alakemsinib tül edilethey hadn't underestimated | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menkemsinib tura edimkemsinib turaemI had kept underestimating | senkemsinib tura ediŋkemsinib turaeŋyou had kept underestimating | olkemsinib tura edikemsinib turaedhe had kept underestimating | bizkemsinib tura edikkemsinib turaekwe had kept underestimating | sizkemsinib tura edigizkemsinib turaegizyou all had kept underestimating | alakemsinib tura edilekemsinib turaellethey had kept underestimating |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menkemsinib turmay edimkemsinib turmayemI hadn't kept underestimating | senkemsinib turmay ediŋkemsinib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept underestimating | olkemsinib turmay edikemsinib turmayedhe hadn't kept underestimating | bizkemsinib turmay edikkemsinib turmayekwe hadn't kept underestimating | sizkemsinib turmay edigizkemsinib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept underestimating | alakemsinib turmay edilekemsinib turmayellethey hadn't kept underestimating |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menkemsine tura edimkemsine turaemI was in the middle of underestimating | senkemsine tura ediŋkemsine turaeŋyou were in the middle of underestimating | olkemsine tura edikemsine turaedhe was in the middle of underestimating | bizkemsine tura edikkemsine turaekwe were in the middle of underestimating | sizkemsine tura edigizkemsine turaegizyou all were in the middle of underestimating | alakemsine tura edilekemsine turaellethey were in the middle of underestimating |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menkemsine turmay edimkemsine turmayemI wasn't in the middle of underestimating | senkemsine turmay ediŋkemsine turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of underestimating | olkemsine turmay edikemsine turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of underestimating | bizkemsine turmay edikkemsine turmayekwe weren't in the middle of underestimating | sizkemsine turmay edigizkemsine turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of underestimating | alakemsine turmay edilekemsine turmayellethey weren't in the middle of underestimating |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menkemsinir edimkemsinir emI would underestimate | senkemsinir ediŋkemsinir eŋyou would underestimate | olkemsinir edikemsinir edhe would underestimate | bizkemsinir edikkemsinir ekwe would underestimate | sizkemsinir edigizkemsinir egizyou all would underestimate | alakemsinir edilekemsinir ellethey would underestimate |
| Conditional result (would) | menkemsinmez edimkemsinmez emI wouldn't underestimate | senkemsinmez ediŋkemsinmez eŋyou wouldn't underestimate | olkemsinmez edikemsinmez edhe wouldn't underestimate | bizkemsinmez edikkemsinmez ekwe wouldn't underestimate | sizkemsinmez edigizkemsinmez egizyou all wouldn't underestimate | alakemsinmez edilekemsinmez ellethey wouldn't underestimate |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menkemsinnik edim2kemsinnik emkemsinirik edimI would have underestimated | senkemsinnik ediŋ2kemsinnik eŋkemsinirik ediŋyou would have underestimated | olkemsinnik edi2kemsinnik edkemsinirik edihe would have underestimated | bizkemsinnik edik2kemsinnik ekkemsinirik edikwe would have underestimated | sizkemsinnik edigiz2kemsinnik egizkemsinirik edigizyou all would have underestimated | alakemsinnik edile2kemsinnik ellekemsinirik edilethey would have underestimated |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menkemsinnik tül edim2kemsinnik tül emkemsinirik tül edimI wouldn't have underestimated | senkemsinnik tül ediŋ2kemsinnik tül eŋkemsinirik tül ediŋyou wouldn't have underestimated | olkemsinnik tül edi2kemsinnik tül edkemsinirik tül edihe wouldn't have underestimated | bizkemsinnik tül edik2kemsinnik tül ekkemsinirik tül edikwe wouldn't have underestimated | sizkemsinnik tül edigiz2kemsinnik tül egizkemsinirik tül edigizyou all wouldn't have underestimated | alakemsinnik tül edile2kemsinnik tül ellekemsinirik tül edilethey wouldn't have underestimated |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so kemsinirik edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menkemsinsemif I underestimate | senkemsinseŋif you underestimate | olkemsinseif he underestimates | bizkemsinsekif we underestimate | sizkemsinsegizif you all underestimate | alakemsinseleif they underestimate |
| Conditional | menkemsinmesemif I don't underestimate | senkemsinmeseŋif you don't underestimate | olkemsinmeseif he doesn't underestimate | bizkemsinmesekif we don't underestimate | sizkemsinmesegizif you all don't underestimate | alakemsinmeseleif they don't underestimate |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menkemsine esemif I am underestimating | senkemsine eseŋif you are underestimating | olkemsine eseif he is underestimating | bizkemsine esekif we are underestimating | sizkemsine esegizif you all are underestimating | alakemsine eseleif they are underestimating |
| Conditional, present real | menkemsinmey esemif I am not underestimating | senkemsinmey eseŋif you are not underestimating | olkemsinmey eseif he is not underestimating | bizkemsinmey esekif we are not underestimating | sizkemsinmey esegizif you all are not underestimating | alakemsinmey eseleif they are not underestimating |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menkemsinsem edikemsinsem edif only I underestimated | senkemsinseŋ edikemsinseŋ edif only you underestimated | olkemsinse edikemsinsedif only he underestimated | bizkemsinsek edikemsinsek edif only we underestimated | sizkemsinsegiz edikemsinsegiz edif only you all underestimated | alakemsinsele edikemsinseledif only they underestimated |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menkemsinmesem edikemsinmesem edif only I didn't underestimate | senkemsinmeseŋ edikemsinmeseŋ edif only you didn't underestimate | olkemsinmese edikemsinmesedif only he didn't underestimate | bizkemsinmesek edikemsinmesek edif only we didn't underestimate | sizkemsinmesegiz edikemsinmesegiz edif only you all didn't underestimate | alakemsinmesele edikemsinmeseledif only they didn't underestimate |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menkemsinib tursamif I carry on underestimating | senkemsinib tursaŋif you carry on underestimating | olkemsinib tursaif he carries on underestimating | bizkemsinib tursaqif we carry on underestimating | sizkemsinib tursağızif you all carry on underestimating | alakemsinib tursalaif they carry on underestimating |
| Durative conditional | menkemsinib turmasamif I don't carry on underestimating | senkemsinib turmasaŋif you don't carry on underestimating | olkemsinib turmasaif he doesn't carry on underestimating | bizkemsinib turmasaqif we don't carry on underestimating | sizkemsinib turmasağızif you all don't carry on underestimating | alakemsinib turmasalaif they don't carry on underestimating |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menkemsinib tura esemif I have kept underestimating | senkemsinib tura eseŋif you have kept underestimating | olkemsinib tura eseif he has kept underestimating | bizkemsinib tura esekif we have kept underestimating | sizkemsinib tura esegizif you all have kept underestimating | alakemsinib tura eseleif they have kept underestimating |
| Durative conditional, present real | menkemsinib turmay esemif I haven't kept underestimating | senkemsinib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept underestimating | olkemsinib turmay eseif he hasn't kept underestimating | bizkemsinib turmay esekif we haven't kept underestimating | sizkemsinib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept underestimating | alakemsinib turmay eseleif they haven't kept underestimating |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menkemsine tursamif I keep underestimating | senkemsine tursaŋif you keep underestimating | olkemsine tursaif he keeps underestimating | bizkemsine tursaqif we keep underestimating | sizkemsine tursağızif you all keep underestimating | alakemsine tursalaif they keep underestimating |
| Progressive conditional | menkemsinmey tursamif I keep on not underestimating | senkemsinmey tursaŋif you keep on not underestimating | olkemsinmey tursaif he keeps on not underestimating | bizkemsinmey tursaqif we keep on not underestimating | sizkemsinmey tursağızif you all keep on not underestimating | alakemsinmey tursalaif they keep on not underestimating |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menkemsine tura esemif I am in the middle of underestimating | senkemsine tura eseŋif you are in the middle of underestimating | olkemsine tura eseif he is in the middle of underestimating | bizkemsine tura esekif we are in the middle of underestimating | sizkemsine tura esegizif you all are in the middle of underestimating | alakemsine tura eseleif they are in the middle of underestimating |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menkemsinmey tura esemif I keep on not underestimating | senkemsinmey tura eseŋif you keep on not underestimating | olkemsinmey tura eseif he keeps on not underestimating | bizkemsinmey tura esekif we keep on not underestimating | sizkemsinmey tura esegizif you all keep on not underestimating | alakemsinmey tura eseleif they keep on not underestimating |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | menkemsindim esemif I underestimated | senkemsindiŋ eseŋif you underestimated | olkemsindi eseif he underestimated | bizkemsindik esekif we underestimated | sizkemsindigiz esegizif you all underestimated | alakemsindile eseleif they underestimated |
| Conditional, definite past3 | menkemsinmedim esemif I didn't underestimate | senkemsinmediŋ eseŋif you didn't underestimate | olkemsinmedi eseif he didn't underestimate | bizkemsinmedik esekif we didn't underestimate | sizkemsinmedigiz esegizif you all didn't underestimate | alakemsinmedile eseleif they didn't underestimate |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menkemsinŋen esemif I did underestimate (indeed) | senkemsinŋen eseŋif you did underestimate (indeed) | olkemsinŋen eseif he did underestimate (indeed) | bizkemsinŋen esekif we did underestimate (indeed) | sizkemsinŋen esegizif you all did underestimate (indeed) | alakemsinŋen eseleif they did underestimate (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menkemsinmegen esemif I didn't underestimate (indeed) | senkemsinmegen eseŋif you didn't underestimate (indeed) | olkemsinmegen eseif he didn't underestimate (indeed) | bizkemsinmegen esekif we didn't underestimate (indeed) | sizkemsinmegen esegizif you all didn't underestimate (indeed) | alakemsinmegen eseleif they didn't underestimate (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menkemsinŋen bolsamif I had underestimated | senkemsinŋen bolsaŋif you had underestimated | olkemsinŋen bolsaif he had underestimated | bizkemsinŋen bolsaqif we had underestimated | sizkemsinŋen bolsağızif you all had underestimated | alakemsinŋen bolsalaif they had underestimated |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menkemsinmegen bolsamif I hadn't underestimated | senkemsinmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't underestimated | olkemsinmegen bolsaif he hadn't underestimated | bizkemsinmegen bolsaqif we hadn't underestimated | sizkemsinmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't underestimated | alakemsinmegen bolsalaif they hadn't underestimated |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menkemsinŋen bolsam edikemsinŋen bolsam edif only I had underestimated | senkemsinŋen bolsaŋ edikemsinŋen bolsaŋ edif only you had underestimated | olkemsinŋen bolsa edikemsinŋen bolsaedif only he had underestimated | bizkemsinŋen bolsaq edikemsinŋen bolsaq edif only we had underestimated | sizkemsinŋen bolsağız edikemsinŋen bolsağız edif only you all had underestimated | alakemsinŋen bolsala edikemsinŋen bolsalaedif only they had underestimated |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menkemsinmegen bolsam edikemsinmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't underestimated | senkemsinmegen bolsaŋ edikemsinmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't underestimated | olkemsinmegen bolsa edikemsinmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't underestimated | bizkemsinmegen bolsaq edikemsinmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't underestimated | sizkemsinmegen bolsağız edikemsinmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't underestimated | alakemsinmegen bolsala edikemsinmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't underestimated |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menkemsinir esemif I will underestimate | senkemsinir eseŋif you will underestimate | olkemsinir eseif he will underestimate | bizkemsinir esekif we will underestimate | sizkemsinir esegizif you all will underestimate | alakemsinir eseleif they will underestimate |
| Conditional, aorist | menkemsinmez esemif I won't underestimate | senkemsinmez eseŋif you won't underestimate | olkemsinmez eseif he won't underestimate | bizkemsinmez esekif we won't underestimate | sizkemsinmez esegizif you all won't underestimate | alakemsinmez eseleif they won't underestimate |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menkemsinnik esem4kemsinirik esemif I am going to underestimate | senkemsinnik eseŋ4kemsinirik eseŋif you are going to underestimate | olkemsinnik ese4kemsinirik eseif he is going to underestimate | bizkemsinnik esek4kemsinirik esekif we are going to underestimate | sizkemsinnik esegiz4kemsinirik esegizif you all are going to underestimate | alakemsinnik esele4kemsinirik eseleif they are going to underestimate |
| Conditional, future | menkemsinnik tül esem4kemsinirik tül esemif I am not going to underestimate | senkemsinnik tül eseŋ4kemsinirik tül eseŋif you are not going to underestimate | olkemsinnik tül ese4kemsinirik tül eseif he is not going to underestimate | bizkemsinnik tül esek4kemsinirik tül esekif we are not going to underestimate | sizkemsinnik tül esegiz4kemsinirik tül esegizif you all are not going to underestimate | alakemsinnik tül esele4kemsinirik tül eseleif they are not going to underestimate |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menkemsinnik bolsam5kemsinirik bolsamif I were going to underestimate | senkemsinnik bolsaŋ5kemsinirik bolsaŋif you were going to underestimate | olkemsinnik bolsa5kemsinirik bolsaif he were going to underestimate | bizkemsinnik bolsaq5kemsinirik bolsaqif we were going to underestimate | sizkemsinnik bolsağız5kemsinirik bolsağızif you all were going to underestimate | alakemsinnik bolsala5kemsinirik bolsalaif they were going to underestimate |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menkemsinmezlik bolsamif I were not going to underestimate | senkemsinmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to underestimate | olkemsinmezlik bolsaif he were not going to underestimate | bizkemsinmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to underestimate | sizkemsinmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to underestimate | alakemsinmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to underestimate |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso kemsindiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurefull form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so kemsinirik ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurefull form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so kemsinirik bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menkemsine bolurmaI must be underestimating | senkemsine bolursayou must be underestimating | olkemsine bolurhe must be underestimating | bizkemsine bolurbuzwe must be underestimating | sizkemsine bolursuzyou all must be underestimating | alakemsine bolurlathey must be underestimating |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menkemsinmey bolurmaI must not be underestimating | senkemsinmey bolursayou must not be underestimating | olkemsinmey bolurhe must not be underestimating | bizkemsinmey bolurbuzwe must not be underestimating | sizkemsinmey bolursuzyou all must not be underestimating | alakemsinmey bolurlathey must not be underestimating |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menkemsine tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of underestimating | senkemsine tura bolursayou must be in the middle of underestimating | olkemsine tura bolurhe must be in the middle of underestimating | bizkemsine tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of underestimating | sizkemsine tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of underestimating | alakemsine tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of underestimating |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menkemsinmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not underestimating | senkemsinmey tura bolursayou must keep on not underestimating | olkemsinmey tura bolurhe must keep on not underestimating | bizkemsinmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not underestimating | sizkemsinmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not underestimating | alakemsinmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not underestimating |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menkemsinŋen bolurmaI must have underestimated | senkemsinŋen bolursayou must have underestimated | olkemsinŋen bolurhe must have underestimated | bizkemsinŋen bolurbuzwe must have underestimated | sizkemsinŋen bolursuzyou all must have underestimated | alakemsinŋen bolurlathey must have underestimated |
| Inference (must have) | menkemsinmegen bolurmaI must not have underestimated | senkemsinmegen bolursayou must not have underestimated | olkemsinmegen bolurhe must not have underestimated | bizkemsinmegen bolurbuzwe must not have underestimated | sizkemsinmegen bolursuzyou all must not have underestimated | alakemsinmegen bolurlathey must not have underestimated |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menkemsinnik bolurma6kemsinirik bolurmaI must be going to underestimate | senkemsinnik bolursa6kemsinirik bolursayou must be going to underestimate | olkemsinnik bolur6kemsinirik bolurhe must be going to underestimate | bizkemsinnik bolurbuz6kemsinirik bolurbuzwe must be going to underestimate | sizkemsinnik bolursuz6kemsinirik bolursuzyou all must be going to underestimate | alakemsinnik bolurla6kemsinirik bolurlathey must be going to underestimate |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menkemsinmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to underestimate | senkemsinmezlik bolursayou must not be going to underestimate | olkemsinmezlik bolurhe must not be going to underestimate | bizkemsinmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to underestimate | sizkemsinmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to underestimate | alakemsinmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to underestimate |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so kemsinirik bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menkemsineyimlet me underestimate | senkemsin!underestimate! | olkemsinsinlet him underestimate | bizkemsineyiklet's underestimate | sizkemsinigiz!underestimate, you all! | alakemsinsinlelet them underestimate |
| Commands & suggestions | menkemsinmeyimlet me not underestimate | senkemsinme!don't underestimate! | olkemsinmesinlet him not underestimate | bizkemsinmeyiklet's not underestimate | sizkemsinmegiz!don't underestimate, you all! | alakemsinmesinlelet them not underestimate |
| Commands & suggestions | menkemsineyimmi?shall I underestimate? | olkemsinsinmi?should he underestimate? | bizkemsineyikmi?shall we underestimate? | alakemsinsinlemi?should they underestimate? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menkemsinmeyimmi?shall I not underestimate? | olkemsinmesinmi?should he not underestimate? | bizkemsinmeyikmi?shall we not underestimate? | alakemsinmesinlemi?should they not underestimate? | ||
| Requests | senkemsinçi7kemsinçinplease underestimate | olkemsinsinçido let him underestimate | sizkemsinçigizplease underestimate (plural/polite) | alakemsinsinleçido let them underestimate | ||
| Requests | senkemsinmeçi7kemsinmeçinplease don't underestimate | olkemsinmesinçido let him not underestimate | sizkemsinmeçigizplease don't underestimate (plural/polite) | alakemsinmesinleçido let them not underestimate | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senkemsinŋinkemsinŋimay you underestimate | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senkemsinmeginkemsinmegimay you not underestimate | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menkemsinŋey edim kemsinŋe edimwould that I underestimated | senkemsinŋey ediŋ kemsinŋe ediŋwould that you underestimated | olkemsinŋey edi kemsinŋe ediwould that he underestimated | bizkemsinŋey edik kemsinŋe edikwould that we underestimated | sizkemsinŋey edigiz kemsinŋe edigizwould that you all underestimated | alakemsinŋey edile kemsinŋe edilewould that they underestimated |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menkemsinmegey edim kemsinmege edimwould that I did not underestimate | senkemsinmegey ediŋ kemsinmege ediŋwould that you did not underestimate | olkemsinmegey edi kemsinmege ediwould that he did not underestimate | bizkemsinmegey edik kemsinmege edikwould that we did not underestimate | sizkemsinmegey edigiz kemsinmege edigizwould that you all did not underestimate | alakemsinmegey edile kemsinmege edilewould that they did not underestimate |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menkemsinmege qoyayımkemsinme qoyayımlet me allow someone to underestimate | senkemsinmege qoy!kemsinme qoy!let someone underestimate! | olkemsinmege qoysunkemsinme qoysunlet him allow someone to underestimate | bizkemsinmege qoyayıqkemsinme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to underestimate | sizkemsinmege qoyuğuz!kemsinme qoyuğuz!let someone underestimate, you all! | alakemsinmege qoysunlakemsinme qoysunlalet them allow someone to underestimate |
| Let someone… (commands) | menkemsinmege qoymayımkemsinme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to underestimate | senkemsinmege qoyma!kemsinme qoyma!don't let someone underestimate! | olkemsinmege qoymasınkemsinme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to underestimate | bizkemsinmege qoymayıqkemsinme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to underestimate | sizkemsinmege qoymağız!kemsinme qoymağız!don't let someone underestimate, you all! | alakemsinmege qoymasınlakemsinme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to underestimate |
| Let someone… (commands) | menkemsinmege qoyayımmı?kemsinme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to underestimate? | olkemsinmege qoysunmu?kemsinme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to underestimate? | bizkemsinmege qoyayıqmı?kemsinme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to underestimate? | alakemsinmege qoysunlamı?kemsinme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to underestimate? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menkemsinmege qoymayımmı?kemsinme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to underestimate? | olkemsinmege qoymasınmı?kemsinme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to underestimate? | bizkemsinmege qoymayıqmı?kemsinme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to underestimate? | alakemsinmege qoymasınlamı?kemsinme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to underestimate? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menkemsinmege qoyamakemsinme qoyamaI allow someone to underestimate | senkemsinmege qoyasakemsinme qoyasayou allow someone to underestimate | olkemsinmege qoyadıkemsinme qoyadıhe allows someone to underestimate | bizkemsinmege qoyabızkemsinme qoyabızwe allow someone to underestimate | sizkemsinmege qoyasızkemsinme qoyasızyou all allow someone to underestimate | alakemsinmege qoyadılakemsinme qoyadılathey allow someone to underestimate |
| Let someone… (present) | menkemsinmege qoymaymakemsinme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to underestimate | senkemsinmege qoymaysakemsinme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to underestimate | olkemsinmege qoymaydıkemsinme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to underestimate | bizkemsinmege qoymaybızkemsinme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to underestimate | sizkemsinmege qoymaysızkemsinme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to underestimate | alakemsinmege qoymaydılakemsinme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to underestimate |
| Let someone… (present) | menkemsinmege qoyamamı?kemsinme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to underestimate? | senkemsinmege qoyamısa?kemsinme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to underestimate? | olkemsinmege qoyamıdı?kemsinme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to underestimate? | bizkemsinmege qoyabızmı?kemsinme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to underestimate? | sizkemsinmege qoyamısız?kemsinme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to underestimate? | alakemsinmege qoyamıdıla?kemsinme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to underestimate? |
| Let someone… (present) | menkemsinmege qoymaymamı?kemsinme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to underestimate? | senkemsinmege qoymaymısa?kemsinme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to underestimate? | olkemsinmege qoymaymıdı?kemsinme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to underestimate? | bizkemsinmege qoymaybızmı?kemsinme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to underestimate? | sizkemsinmege qoymaymısız?kemsinme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to underestimate? | alakemsinmege qoymaymıdıla?kemsinme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to underestimate? |
| Let someone… (past) | menkemsinmege qoydumkemsinme qoydumI allowed someone to underestimate | senkemsinmege qoyduŋkemsinme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to underestimate | olkemsinmege qoydukemsinme qoyduhe allowed someone to underestimate | bizkemsinmege qoyduqkemsinme qoyduqwe allowed someone to underestimate | sizkemsinmege qoyduğuzkemsinme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to underestimate | alakemsinmege qoydulakemsinme qoydulathey allowed someone to underestimate |
| Let someone… (past) | menkemsinmege qoymadımkemsinme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to underestimate | senkemsinmege qoymadıŋkemsinme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to underestimate | olkemsinmege qoymadıkemsinme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to underestimate | bizkemsinmege qoymadıqkemsinme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to underestimate | sizkemsinmege qoymadığızkemsinme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to underestimate | alakemsinmege qoymadılakemsinme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to underestimate |
| Let someone… (past) | menkemsinmege qoydummu?kemsinme qoydummu?did I allow someone to underestimate? | senkemsinmege qoyduŋmu?kemsinme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to underestimate? | olkemsinmege qoydumu?kemsinme qoydumu?did he allow someone to underestimate? | bizkemsinmege qoyduqmu?kemsinme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to underestimate? | sizkemsinmege qoyduğuzmu?kemsinme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to underestimate? | alakemsinmege qoydulamı?kemsinme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to underestimate? |
| Let someone… (past) | menkemsinmege qoymadımmı?kemsinme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to underestimate? | senkemsinmege qoymadıŋmı?kemsinme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to underestimate? | olkemsinmege qoymadımı?kemsinme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to underestimate? | bizkemsinmege qoymadıqmı?kemsinme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to underestimate? | sizkemsinmege qoymadığızmı?kemsinme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to underestimate? | alakemsinmege qoymadılamı?kemsinme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to underestimate? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
kemsinalırğa be able to underestimate · kemsinalmazğa be unable to underestimate
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menkemsinalamaI can underestimate | senkemsinalasayou can underestimate | olkemsinaladıhe can underestimate | bizkemsinalabızwe can underestimate | sizkemsinalasızyou all can underestimate | alakemsinaladılathey can underestimate |
| Ability — present | menkemsinalmaymaI can't underestimate | senkemsinalmaysayou can't underestimate | olkemsinalmaydıhe can't underestimate | bizkemsinalmaybızwe can't underestimate | sizkemsinalmaysızyou all can't underestimate | alakemsinalmaydılathey can't underestimate |
| Ability — present | menkemsinalamamı? kemsinalamıma?can I underestimate? | senkemsinalamısa?can you underestimate? | olkemsinalamıdı?can he underestimate? | bizkemsinalabızmı? kemsinalamıbız?can we underestimate? | sizkemsinalamısız?can you all underestimate? | alakemsinalamıdıla?can they underestimate? |
| Ability — present | menkemsinalmaymamı? kemsinalmaymıma?can't I underestimate? | senkemsinalmaymısa?can't you underestimate? | olkemsinalmaymıdı?can't he underestimate? | bizkemsinalmaybızmı? kemsinalmaymıbız?can't we underestimate? | sizkemsinalmaymısız?can't you all underestimate? | alakemsinalmaymıdıla?can't they underestimate? |
| Ability — if I can… | menkemsinalsamif I can underestimate | senkemsinalsaŋif you can underestimate | olkemsinalsaif he can underestimate | bizkemsinalsaqif we can underestimate | sizkemsinalsağızif you all can underestimate | alakemsinalsalaif they can underestimate |
| Ability — if I can… | menkemsinalmasamif I can't underestimate | senkemsinalmasaŋif you can't underestimate | olkemsinalmasaif he can't underestimate | bizkemsinalmasaqif we can't underestimate | sizkemsinalmasağızif you all can't underestimate | alakemsinalmasalaif they can't underestimate |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menkemsinaldımI was able to underestimate | senkemsinaldıŋyou were able to underestimate | olkemsinaldıhe was able to underestimate | bizkemsinaldıqwe were able to underestimate | sizkemsinaldığızyou all were able to underestimate | alakemsinaldılathey were able to underestimate |
| Ability — simple past | menkemsinalmadımI could not underestimate | senkemsinalmadıŋyou could not underestimate | olkemsinalmadıhe could not underestimate | bizkemsinalmadıqwe could not underestimate | sizkemsinalmadığızyou all could not underestimate | alakemsinalmadılathey could not underestimate |
| Ability — simple past | menkemsinaldımmı?was I able to underestimate? | senkemsinaldıŋmı?were you able to underestimate? | olkemsinaldımı?was he able to underestimate? | bizkemsinaldıqmı?were we able to underestimate? | sizkemsinaldığızmı?were you all able to underestimate? | alakemsinaldılamı?were they able to underestimate? |
| Ability — simple past | menkemsinalmadımmı?couldn't I underestimate? | senkemsinalmadıŋmı?couldn't you underestimate? | olkemsinalmadımı?couldn't he underestimate? | bizkemsinalmadıqmı?couldn't we underestimate? | sizkemsinalmadığızmı?couldn't you all underestimate? | alakemsinalmadılamı?couldn't they underestimate? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkemsinalğanmaI have been able to underestimate | senkemsinalğansayou have been able to underestimate | olkemsinalğandıhe has been able to underestimate | bizkemsinalğanbızwe have been able to underestimate | sizkemsinalğansızyou all have been able to underestimate | alakemsinalğandılathey have been able to underestimate |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkemsinalmağanmaI haven't been able to underestimate | senkemsinalmağansayou haven't been able to underestimate | olkemsinalmağandıhe hasn't been able to underestimate | bizkemsinalmağanbızwe haven't been able to underestimate | sizkemsinalmağansızyou all haven't been able to underestimate | alakemsinalmağandılathey haven't been able to underestimate |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkemsinalğanmamı? kemsinalğanmıma?have I been able to underestimate? | senkemsinalğanmısa?have you been able to underestimate? | olkemsinalğanmıdı?has he been able to underestimate? | bizkemsinalğanbızmı? kemsinalğanmıbız?have we been able to underestimate? | sizkemsinalğanmısız?have you all been able to underestimate? | alakemsinalğanmıdıla?have they been able to underestimate? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkemsinalmağanmamı? kemsinalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to underestimate? | senkemsinalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to underestimate? | olkemsinalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to underestimate? | bizkemsinalmağanbızmı? kemsinalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to underestimate? | sizkemsinalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to underestimate? | alakemsinalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to underestimate? |
| Ability — past perfect | menkemsinalğan edimkemsinalğanemI had been able to underestimate | senkemsinalğan ediŋkemsinalğaneŋyou had been able to underestimate | olkemsinalğan edikemsinalğanedhe had been able to underestimate | bizkemsinalğan edikkemsinalğanekwe had been able to underestimate | sizkemsinalğan edigizkemsinalğanegizyou all had been able to underestimate | alakemsinalğan edilekemsinalğanellethey had been able to underestimate |
| Ability — past perfect | menkemsinalmağan edimkemsinalmağanemI hadn't been able to underestimate | senkemsinalmağan ediŋkemsinalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to underestimate | olkemsinalmağan edikemsinalmağanedhe hadn't been able to underestimate | bizkemsinalmağan edikkemsinalmağanekwe hadn't been able to underestimate | sizkemsinalmağan edigizkemsinalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to underestimate | alakemsinalmağan edilekemsinalmağanellethey hadn't been able to underestimate |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menkemsinala edimkemsinalaemI could underestimate | senkemsinala ediŋkemsinalaeŋyou could underestimate | olkemsinala edikemsinalaedhe could underestimate | bizkemsinala edikkemsinalaekwe could underestimate | sizkemsinala edigizkemsinalaegizyou all could underestimate | alakemsinala edilekemsinalaellethey could underestimate |
| Ability — past background | menkemsinalmay edimkemsinalmayemI could not underestimate | senkemsinalmay ediŋkemsinalmayeŋyou could not underestimate | olkemsinalmay edikemsinalmayedhe could not underestimate | bizkemsinalmay edikkemsinalmayekwe could not underestimate | sizkemsinalmay edigizkemsinalmayegizyou all could not underestimate | alakemsinalmay edilekemsinalmayellethey could not underestimate |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menkemsinalırmaI will be able to underestimate | senkemsinalırsayou will be able to underestimate | olkemsinalırhe will be able to underestimate | bizkemsinalırbızwe will be able to underestimate | sizkemsinalırsızyou all will be able to underestimate | alakemsinalırlathey will be able to underestimate |
| Ability — future I | menkemsinalmazmaI won't be able to underestimate | senkemsinalmazsayou won't be able to underestimate | olkemsinalmazhe won't be able to underestimate | bizkemsinalmazbızwe won't be able to underestimate | sizkemsinalmazsızyou all won't be able to underestimate | alakemsinalmazlathey won't be able to underestimate |
| Ability — future I | menkemsinalırmamı? kemsinalırmıma?will I be able to underestimate? | senkemsinalırmısa?will you be able to underestimate? | olkemsinalırmı?will he be able to underestimate? | bizkemsinalırbızmı? kemsinalırmıbız?will we be able to underestimate? | sizkemsinalırmısız?will you all be able to underestimate? | alakemsinalırlamı? kemsinalırmıla?will they be able to underestimate? |
| Ability — future I | menkemsinalmazmamı? kemsinalmazmıma?won't I be able to underestimate? | senkemsinalmazmısa?won't you be able to underestimate? | olkemsinalmazmı?won't he be able to underestimate? | bizkemsinalmazbızmı? kemsinalmazmıbız?won't we be able to underestimate? | sizkemsinalmazmısız?won't you all be able to underestimate? | alakemsinalmazlamı? kemsinalmazmıla?won't they be able to underestimate? |
| Ability — future II | menkemsinallıqmaI am going to be able to underestimate | senkemsinallıqsayou are going to be able to underestimate | olkemsinallıqdıhe is going to be able to underestimate | bizkemsinallıqbızwe are going to be able to underestimate | sizkemsinallıqsızyou all are going to be able to underestimate | alakemsinallıqdılathey are going to be able to underestimate |
| Ability — future II | menkemsinallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to underestimate | senkemsinallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to underestimate | olkemsinallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to underestimate | bizkemsinallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to underestimate | sizkemsinallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to underestimate | alakemsinallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to underestimate |
| Ability — future II | menkemsinallıqmamı? kemsinallıqmıma?am I going to be able to underestimate? | senkemsinallıqmısa?are you going to be able to underestimate? | olkemsinallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to underestimate? | bizkemsinallıqbızmı? kemsinallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to underestimate? | sizkemsinallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to underestimate? | alakemsinallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to underestimate? |
| Ability — future II | menkemsinallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to underestimate? | senkemsinallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to underestimate? | olkemsinallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to underestimate? | bizkemsinallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to underestimate? | sizkemsinallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to underestimate? | alakemsinallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to underestimate? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menkemsinalır edimkemsinalır emI would be able to underestimate | senkemsinalır ediŋkemsinalır eŋyou would be able to underestimate | olkemsinalır edikemsinalır edhe would be able to underestimate | bizkemsinalır edikkemsinalır ekwe would be able to underestimate | sizkemsinalır edigizkemsinalır egizyou all would be able to underestimate | alakemsinalır edilekemsinalır ellethey would be able to underestimate |
| Ability — would be able to… | menkemsinalmaz edimkemsinalmaz emI wouldn't be able to underestimate | senkemsinalmaz ediŋkemsinalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to underestimate | olkemsinalmaz edikemsinalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to underestimate | bizkemsinalmaz edikkemsinalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to underestimate | sizkemsinalmaz edigizkemsinalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to underestimate | alakemsinalmaz edilekemsinalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to underestimate |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senkemsinalğınkemsinalğımay you be able to underestimate | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senkemsinalmağınkemsinalmağımay you not be able to underestimate | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menkemsinirge izleymeI want to underestimate | senkemsinirge izleyseyou want to underestimate | olkemsinirge izleydihe wants to underestimate | bizkemsinirge izleybizwe want to underestimate | sizkemsinirge izleysizyou all want to underestimate | alakemsinirge izleydilethey want to underestimate |
| want to | menkemsinirge izlemeymeI do not want to underestimate | senkemsinirge izlemeyseyou do not want to underestimate | olkemsinirge izlemeydihe does not want to underestimate | bizkemsinirge izlemeybizwe do not want to underestimate | sizkemsinirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to underestimate | alakemsinirge izlemeydilethey do not want to underestimate |
| would like to | menkemsinirge süemeI would like to underestimate | senkemsinirge süeseyou would like to underestimate | olkemsinirge süedihe would like to underestimate | bizkemsinirge süebizwe would like to underestimate | sizkemsinirge süesizyou all would like to underestimate | alakemsinirge süedilethey would like to underestimate |
| would like to | menkemsinirge süymeymeI would not like to underestimate | senkemsinirge süymeyseyou would not like to underestimate | olkemsinirge süymeydihe would not like to underestimate | bizkemsinirge süymeybizwe would not like to underestimate | sizkemsinirge süymeysizyou all would not like to underestimate | alakemsinirge süymeydilethey would not like to underestimate |
| hope to | menkemsinirge umutlanamaI hope to underestimate | senkemsinirge umutlanasayou hope to underestimate | olkemsinirge umutlanadıhe hopes to underestimate | bizkemsinirge umutlanabızwe hope to underestimate | sizkemsinirge umutlanasızyou all hope to underestimate | alakemsinirge umutlanadılathey hope to underestimate |
| hope to | menkemsinirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to underestimate | senkemsinirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to underestimate | olkemsinirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to underestimate | bizkemsinirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to underestimate | sizkemsinirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to underestimate | alakemsinirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to underestimate |
| be about to | menkemsinirge deb turamaI am about to underestimate | senkemsinirge deb turasayou are about to underestimate | olkemsinirge deb turadıhe is about to underestimate | bizkemsinirge deb turabızwe are about to underestimate | sizkemsinirge deb turasızyou all are about to underestimate | alakemsinirge deb turadılathey are about to underestimate |
| be about to | menkemsinirge deb turmaymaI am not about to underestimate | senkemsinirge deb turmaysayou are not about to underestimate | olkemsinirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to underestimate | bizkemsinirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to underestimate | sizkemsinirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to underestimate | alakemsinirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to underestimate |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menkemsinirge kerekmeI need to underestimate | senkemsinirge kerekseyou need to underestimate | olkemsinirge kerekdihe needs to underestimate | bizkemsinirge kerekbizwe need to underestimate | sizkemsinirge kereksizyou all need to underestimate | alakemsinirge kerekdilethey need to underestimate |
| need to | menkemsinirge kerek tülmeI do not need to underestimate | senkemsinirge kerek tülseyou do not need to underestimate | olkemsinirge kerek tüldühe does not need to underestimate | bizkemsinirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to underestimate | sizkemsinirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to underestimate | alakemsinirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to underestimate |
| have to | menmenŋe kemsinirge tüşediI have to underestimate | sensenŋe kemsinirge tüşediyou have to underestimate | olaŋa kemsinirge tüşedihe has to underestimate | bizbizge kemsinirge tüşediwe have to underestimate | sizsizge kemsinirge tüşediyou all have to underestimate | alaalağa kemsinirge tüşedithey have to underestimate |
| have to | menmenŋe kemsinirge tüşmeydiI do not have to underestimate | sensenŋe kemsinirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to underestimate | olaŋa kemsinirge tüşmeydihe does not have to underestimate | bizbizge kemsinirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to underestimate | sizsizge kemsinirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to underestimate | alaalağa kemsinirge tüşmeydithey do not have to underestimate |
| be obliged to | menkemsinirge borçlumaI am obliged to underestimate | senkemsinirge borçlusayou are obliged to underestimate | olkemsinirge borçluduhe is obliged to underestimate | bizkemsinirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to underestimate | sizkemsinirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to underestimate | alakemsinirge borçludulathey are obliged to underestimate |
| be obliged to | menkemsinirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to underestimate | senkemsinirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to underestimate | olkemsinirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to underestimate | bizkemsinirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to underestimate | sizkemsinirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to underestimate | alakemsinirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to underestimate |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menkemsinirge madarım bardıI have a way to underestimate | senkemsinirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to underestimate | olkemsinirge madarı bardıhe has a way to underestimate | bizkemsinirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to underestimate | sizkemsinirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to underestimate | alakemsinirge madarları bardıthey have a way to underestimate |
| have a way to | menkemsinirge madarım joqduI have no way to underestimate | senkemsinirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to underestimate | olkemsinirge madarı joqduhe has no way to underestimate | bizkemsinirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to underestimate | sizkemsinirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to underestimate | alakemsinirge madarları joqduthey have no way to underestimate |
| be free to | menkemsinirge erkinligim bardıI am free to underestimate | senkemsinirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to underestimate | olkemsinirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to underestimate | bizkemsinirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to underestimate | sizkemsinirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to underestimate | alakemsinirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to underestimate |
| be free to | menkemsinirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to underestimate | senkemsinirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to underestimate | olkemsinirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to underestimate | bizkemsinirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to underestimate | sizkemsinirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to underestimate | alakemsinirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to underestimate |
| be possible to | menmenŋe kemsinirge bolluqduit is possible for me to underestimate | sensenŋe kemsinirge bolluqduit is possible for you to underestimate | olaŋa kemsinirge bolluqduit is possible for him to underestimate | bizbizge kemsinirge bolluqduit is possible for us to underestimate | sizsizge kemsinirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to underestimate | alaalağa kemsinirge bolluqduit is possible for them to underestimate |
| be possible to | menmenŋe kemsinirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to underestimate | sensenŋe kemsinirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to underestimate | olaŋa kemsinirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to underestimate | bizbizge kemsinirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to underestimate | sizsizge kemsinirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to underestimate | alaalağa kemsinirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to underestimate |
| be ready to | menkemsinirge hazırmaI am ready to underestimate | senkemsinirge hazırsayou are ready to underestimate | olkemsinirge hazırdıhe is ready to underestimate | bizkemsinirge hazırbızwe are ready to underestimate | sizkemsinirge hazırsızyou all are ready to underestimate | alakemsinirge hazırdılathey are ready to underestimate |
| be ready to | menkemsinirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to underestimate | senkemsinirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to underestimate | olkemsinirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to underestimate | bizkemsinirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to underestimate | sizkemsinirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to underestimate | alakemsinirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to underestimate |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menkemsinirge küreşemeI am trying to underestimate | senkemsinirge küreşeseyou are trying to underestimate | olkemsinirge küreşedihe is trying to underestimate | bizkemsinirge küreşebizwe are trying to underestimate | sizkemsinirge küreşesizyou all are trying to underestimate | alakemsinirge küreşedilethey are trying to underestimate |
| try to | menkemsinirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to underestimate | senkemsinirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to underestimate | olkemsinirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to underestimate | bizkemsinirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to underestimate | sizkemsinirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to underestimate | alakemsinirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to underestimate |
| agree to | menkemsinirge unaymaI agree to underestimate | senkemsinirge unaysayou agree to underestimate | olkemsinirge unaydıhe agrees to underestimate | bizkemsinirge unaybızwe agree to underestimate | sizkemsinirge unaysızyou all agree to underestimate | alakemsinirge unaydılathey agree to underestimate |
| agree to | menkemsinirge unamaymaI refuse to underestimate | senkemsinirge unamaysayou refuse to underestimate | olkemsinirge unamaydıhe refuses to underestimate | bizkemsinirge unamaybızwe refuse to underestimate | sizkemsinirge unamaysızyou all refuse to underestimate | alakemsinirge unamaydılathey refuse to underestimate |
| hurry to | menkemsinirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to underestimate | senkemsinirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to underestimate | olkemsinirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to underestimate | bizkemsinirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to underestimate | sizkemsinirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to underestimate | alakemsinirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to underestimate |
| hurry to | menkemsinirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to underestimate | senkemsinirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to underestimate | olkemsinirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to underestimate | bizkemsinirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to underestimate | sizkemsinirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to underestimate | alakemsinirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to underestimate |
| be afraid to | menkemsinirge qorqamaI am afraid to underestimate | senkemsinirge qorqasayou are afraid to underestimate | olkemsinirge qorqadıhe is afraid to underestimate | bizkemsinirge qorqabızwe are afraid to underestimate | sizkemsinirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to underestimate | alakemsinirge qorqadılathey are afraid to underestimate |
| be afraid to | menkemsinirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to underestimate | senkemsinirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to underestimate | olkemsinirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to underestimate | bizkemsinirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to underestimate | sizkemsinirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to underestimate | alakemsinirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to underestimate |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menkemsine bolmazmaI can't be underestimating | senkemsine bolmazsayou can't be underestimating | olkemsine bolmazhe can't be underestimating | bizkemsine bolmazbızwe can't be underestimating | sizkemsine bolmazsızyou all can't be underestimating | alakemsine bolmazlathey can't be underestimating |
| Inference, present — double negation | menkemsinmey bolmazmaI must be underestimating (emphatic) | senkemsinmey bolmazsayou must be underestimating (emphatic) | olkemsinmey bolmazhe must be underestimating (emphatic) | bizkemsinmey bolmazbızwe must be underestimating (emphatic) | sizkemsinmey bolmazsızyou all must be underestimating (emphatic) | alakemsinmey bolmazlathey must be underestimating (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menkemsine turmasamif I don't keep underestimating | senkemsine turmasaŋif you don't keep underestimating | olkemsine turmasaif he doesn't keep underestimating | bizkemsine turmasaqif we don't keep underestimating | sizkemsine turmasağızif you all don't keep underestimating | alakemsine turmasalaif they don't keep underestimating |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menkemsine tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of underestimating | senkemsine tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of underestimating | olkemsine tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of underestimating | bizkemsine tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of underestimating | sizkemsine tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of underestimating | alakemsine tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of underestimating |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menkemsinmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not underestimating (emphatic) | senkemsinmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not underestimating (emphatic) | olkemsinmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not underestimating (emphatic) | bizkemsinmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not underestimating (emphatic) | sizkemsinmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not underestimating (emphatic) | alakemsinmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not underestimating (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menkemsinmey turamaI keep on not underestimating | senkemsinmey turasayou keep on not underestimating | olkemsinmey turadıhe keeps on not underestimating | bizkemsinmey turabızwe keep on not underestimating | sizkemsinmey turasızyou all keep on not underestimating | alakemsinmey turadılathey keep on not underestimating |
| Progressive — double negation | menkemsinmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not underestimating | senkemsinmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not underestimating | olkemsinmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not underestimating | bizkemsinmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not underestimating | sizkemsinmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not underestimating | alakemsinmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not underestimating |
| Progressive — double negation | menkemsinmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not underestimating? | senkemsinmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not underestimating? | olkemsinmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not underestimating? | bizkemsinmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not underestimating? | sizkemsinmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not underestimating? | alakemsinmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not underestimating? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menkemsinŋen bolmazmaI can't have underestimated | senkemsinŋen bolmazsayou can't have underestimated | olkemsinŋen bolmazhe can't have underestimated | bizkemsinŋen bolmazbızwe can't have underestimated | sizkemsinŋen bolmazsızyou all can't have underestimated | alakemsinŋen bolmazlathey can't have underestimated |
| Inference — double negation | menkemsinmegen bolmazmaI must have underestimated (emphatic) | senkemsinmegen bolmazsayou must have underestimated (emphatic) | olkemsinmegen bolmazhe must have underestimated (emphatic) | bizkemsinmegen bolmazbızwe must have underestimated (emphatic) | sizkemsinmegen bolmazsızyou all must have underestimated (emphatic) | alakemsinmegen bolmazlathey must have underestimated (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menkemsinŋen bolmasamif it weren't that I had underestimated | senkemsinŋen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had underestimated | olkemsinŋen bolmasaif it weren't that he had underestimated | bizkemsinŋen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had underestimated | sizkemsinŋen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had underestimated | alakemsinŋen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had underestimated |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menkemsinmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't underestimated | senkemsinmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't underestimated | olkemsinmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't underestimated | bizkemsinmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't underestimated | sizkemsinmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't underestimated | alakemsinmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't underestimated |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menkemsinnik bolmazmaI can't be going to underestimate | senkemsinnik bolmazsayou can't be going to underestimate | olkemsinnik bolmazhe can't be going to underestimate | bizkemsinnik bolmazbızwe can't be going to underestimate | sizkemsinnik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to underestimate | alakemsinnik bolmazlathey can't be going to underestimate |
| Inference, future — double negation | menkemsinmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to underestimate (emphatic) | senkemsinmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to underestimate (emphatic) | olkemsinmezlik bolmazhe must be going to underestimate (emphatic) | bizkemsinmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to underestimate (emphatic) | sizkemsinmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to underestimate (emphatic) | alakemsinmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to underestimate (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menkemsinnik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to underestimate | senkemsinnik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to underestimate | olkemsinnik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to underestimate | bizkemsinnik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to underestimate | sizkemsinnik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to underestimate | alakemsinnik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to underestimate |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menkemsinmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to underestimate | senkemsinmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to underestimate | olkemsinmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to underestimate | bizkemsinmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to underestimate | sizkemsinmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to underestimate | alakemsinmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to underestimate |