kemirilirge
/kemirilirɡe/
1. be gnawed, be nibbled at, be picked clean
- kemirilgen süek — a gnawed bone
- süek kemirilgendi — the bone has been picked clean
- terekni qabuğu kemiriledi — the bark of the tree is being gnawed away
- süekle kemirilib boşağandıla — the bones have already been gnawed clean
2. be tormented, be worn down, be eaten away
- kemirilgen adam — a tormented person
- kemirilgen jürek — a tormented heart
- jüregi kemiriledi — his heart is being eaten away
- ol qayğıdan kemirilgendi — he has been worn down by worry
- jürek kemirilib boşağandı — the heart has been utterly tormented
Conjugation
Common forms
- kemiriledihe is being gnawed
- kemirildihe was gnawed
- kemirilgendihe has been gnawed
- kemirilirhe will be gnawed
- kemirillikdihe is going to be gnawed
- kemirile edihe was being gnawed
- kemirilseif he is gnawed
- kemiril!be gnawed!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkemirilemeI am being gnawed | senkemirileseyou are being gnawed | olkemiriledihe is being gnawed | bizkemirilebizwe are being gnawed | sizkemirilesizyou all are being gnawed | alakemiriledilethey are being gnawed |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkemirilmeymeI am not being gnawed | senkemirilmeyseyou are not being gnawed | olkemirilmeydihe is not being gnawed | bizkemirilmeybizwe are not being gnawed | sizkemirilmeysizyou all are not being gnawed | alakemirilmeydilethey are not being gnawed |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkemirilememi? kemirilemime?am I being gnawed? | senkemirilemise?are you being gnawed? | olkemirilemidi?is he being gnawed? | bizkemirilebizmi? kemirilemibiz?are we being gnawed? | sizkemirilemisiz?are you all being gnawed? | alakemirilemidile?are they being gnawed? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkemirilmeymemi? kemirilmeymime?aren't I being gnawed? | senkemirilmeymise?aren't you being gnawed? | olkemirilmeymidi?isn't he being gnawed? | bizkemirilmeybizmi? kemirilmeymibiz?aren't we being gnawed? | sizkemirilmeymisiz?aren't you all being gnawed? | alakemirilmeymidile?aren't they being gnawed? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkemiriliwçenmeI am usually gnawed | senkemiriliwçenseyou are usually gnawed | olkemiriliwçendihe is usually gnawed | bizkemiriliwçenbizwe are usually gnawed | sizkemiriliwçensizyou all are usually gnawed | alakemiriliwçendilethey are usually gnawed |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkemirilmewçenmeI am usually not gnawed | senkemirilmewçenseyou are usually not gnawed | olkemirilmewçendihe is usually not gnawed | bizkemirilmewçenbizwe are usually not gnawed | sizkemirilmewçensizyou all are usually not gnawed | alakemirilmewçendilethey are usually not gnawed |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkemiriliwçenmemi? kemiriliwçenmime?am I usually gnawed? | senkemiriliwçenmise?are you usually gnawed? | olkemiriliwçenmidi?is he usually gnawed? | bizkemiriliwçenbizmi? kemiriliwçenmibiz?are we usually gnawed? | sizkemiriliwçenmisiz?are you all usually gnawed? | alakemiriliwçenmidile?are they usually gnawed? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkemirilmewçenmemi? kemirilmewçenmime?am I usually not gnawed? | senkemirilmewçenmise?are you usually not gnawed? | olkemirilmewçenmidi?is he usually not gnawed? | bizkemirilmewçenbizmi? kemirilmewçenmibiz?are we usually not gnawed? | sizkemirilmewçenmisiz?are you all usually not gnawed? | alakemirilmewçenmidile?are they usually not gnawed? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olkemirilibdihe has been gnawed and remains so | alakemirilibdilethey have been gnawed and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olkemirilibmidi?has he been gnawed? | alakemirilibmidile?have they been gnawed? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkemirilib turamaI remain gnawed | senkemirilib turasayou remain gnawed | olkemirilib turadıhe remains gnawed | bizkemirilib turabızwe remain gnawed | sizkemirilib turasızyou all remain gnawed | alakemirilib turadılathey remain gnawed |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkemirilib turmaymaI don't remain gnawed | senkemirilib turmaysayou don't remain gnawed | olkemirilib turmaydıhe doesn't remain gnawed | bizkemirilib turmaybızwe don't remain gnawed | sizkemirilib turmaysızyou all don't remain gnawed | alakemirilib turmaydılathey don't remain gnawed |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkemirilib turamamı? kemirilib turamıma?do I remain gnawed? | senkemirilib turamısa?do you remain gnawed? | olkemirilib turamıdı?does he remain gnawed? | bizkemirilib turabızmı? kemirilib turamıbız?do we remain gnawed? | sizkemirilib turamısız?do you all remain gnawed? | alakemirilib turamıdıla?do they remain gnawed? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkemirilib turmaymamı? kemirilib turmaymıma?don't I remain gnawed? | senkemirilib turmaymısa?don't you remain gnawed? | olkemirilib turmaymıdı?doesn't he remain gnawed? | bizkemirilib turmaybızmı? kemirilib turmaymıbız?don't we remain gnawed? | sizkemirilib turmaymısız?don't you all remain gnawed? | alakemirilib turmaymıdıla?don't they remain gnawed? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkemirile turamaI am in the middle of being gnawed | senkemirile turasayou are in the middle of being gnawed | olkemirile turadıhe is in the middle of being gnawed | bizkemirile turabızwe are in the middle of being gnawed | sizkemirile turasızyou all are in the middle of being gnawed | alakemirile turadılathey are in the middle of being gnawed |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkemirile turmaymaI am not in the middle of being gnawed | senkemirile turmaysayou are not in the middle of being gnawed | olkemirile turmaydıhe is not in the middle of being gnawed | bizkemirile turmaybızwe are not in the middle of being gnawed | sizkemirile turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of being gnawed | alakemirile turmaydılathey are not in the middle of being gnawed |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkemirile turamamı? kemirile turamıma?am I in the middle of being gnawed? | senkemirile turamısa?are you in the middle of being gnawed? | olkemirile turamıdı?is he in the middle of being gnawed? | bizkemirile turabızmı? kemirile turamıbız?are we in the middle of being gnawed? | sizkemirile turamısız?are you all in the middle of being gnawed? | alakemirile turamıdıla?are they in the middle of being gnawed? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkemirile turmaymamı? kemirile turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of being gnawed? | senkemirile turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of being gnawed? | olkemirile turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of being gnawed? | bizkemirile turmaybızmı? kemirile turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of being gnawed? | sizkemirile turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of being gnawed? | alakemirile turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of being gnawed? |
| Simple past (definite) | menkemirildimI was gnawed | senkemirildiŋyou were gnawed | olkemirildihe was gnawed | bizkemirildikwe were gnawed | sizkemirildigizyou all were gnawed | alakemirildilethey were gnawed |
| Simple past (definite) | menkemirilmedimI wasn't gnawed | senkemirilmediŋyou weren't gnawed | olkemirilmedihe wasn't gnawed | bizkemirilmedikwe weren't gnawed | sizkemirilmedigizyou all weren't gnawed | alakemirilmedilethey weren't gnawed |
| Simple past (definite) | menkemirildimmi?was I gnawed? | senkemirildiŋmi?were you gnawed? | olkemirildimi?was he gnawed? | bizkemirildikmi?were we gnawed? | sizkemirildigizmi?were you all gnawed? | alakemirildilemi?were they gnawed? |
| Simple past (definite) | menkemirilmedimmi?wasn't I gnawed? | senkemirilmediŋmi?weren't you gnawed? | olkemirilmedimi?wasn't he gnawed? | bizkemirilmedikmi?weren't we gnawed? | sizkemirilmedigizmi?weren't you all gnawed? | alakemirilmedilemi?weren't they gnawed? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkemirilgenmeI have been gnawed | senkemirilgenseyou have been gnawed | olkemirilgendihe has been gnawed | bizkemirilgenbizwe have been gnawed | sizkemirilgensizyou all have been gnawed | alakemirilgendilethey have been gnawed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkemirilmegenmeI haven't been gnawed | senkemirilmegenseyou haven't been gnawed | olkemirilmegendihe hasn't been gnawed | bizkemirilmegenbizwe haven't been gnawed | sizkemirilmegensizyou all haven't been gnawed | alakemirilmegendilethey haven't been gnawed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkemirilgenmemi? kemirilgenmime?have I been gnawed? | senkemirilgenmise?have you been gnawed? | olkemirilgenmidi?has he been gnawed? | bizkemirilgenbizmi? kemirilgenmibiz?have we been gnawed? | sizkemirilgenmisiz?have you all been gnawed? | alakemirilgenmidile?have they been gnawed? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkemirilmegenmemi? kemirilmegenmime?haven't I been gnawed? | senkemirilmegenmise?haven't you been gnawed? | olkemirilmegenmidi?hasn't he been gnawed? | bizkemirilmegenbizmi? kemirilmegenmibiz?haven't we been gnawed? | sizkemirilmegenmisiz?haven't you all been gnawed? | alakemirilmegenmidile?haven't they been gnawed? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menkemirilib turdumI remained gnawed | senkemirilib turduŋyou remained gnawed | olkemirilib turduhe remained gnawed | bizkemirilib turduqwe remained gnawed | sizkemirilib turduğuzyou all remained gnawed | alakemirilib turdulathey remained gnawed |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menkemirilib turmadımI didn't remain gnawed | senkemirilib turmadıŋyou didn't remain gnawed | olkemirilib turmadıhe didn't remain gnawed | bizkemirilib turmadıqwe didn't remain gnawed | sizkemirilib turmadığızyou all didn't remain gnawed | alakemirilib turmadılathey didn't remain gnawed |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkemirilirmeI will be gnawed | senkemirilirseyou will be gnawed | olkemirilirhe will be gnawed | bizkemirilirbizwe will be gnawed | sizkemirilirsizyou all will be gnawed | alakemirilirlethey will be gnawed |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkemirilmezmeI won't be gnawed | senkemirilmezseyou won't be gnawed | olkemirilmezhe won't be gnawed | bizkemirilmezbizwe won't be gnawed | sizkemirilmezsizyou all won't be gnawed | alakemirilmezlethey won't be gnawed |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkemirilirmemi? kemirilirmime?will I be gnawed? | senkemirilirmise?will you be gnawed? | olkemirilirmi?will he be gnawed? | bizkemirilirbizmi? kemirilirmibiz?will we be gnawed? | sizkemirilirmisiz?will you all be gnawed? | alakemirilirlemi? kemirilirmile?will they be gnawed? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkemirilmezmemi? kemirilmezmime?won't I be gnawed? | senkemirilmezmise?won't you be gnawed? | olkemirilmezmi?won't he be gnawed? | bizkemirilmezbizmi? kemirilmezmibiz?won't we be gnawed? | sizkemirilmezmisiz?won't you all be gnawed? | alakemirilmezlemi? kemirilmezmile?won't they be gnawed? |
| Definite future (future II) | menkemirillikmeI am going to be gnawed | senkemirillikseyou are going to be gnawed | olkemirillikdihe is going to be gnawed | bizkemirillikbizwe are going to be gnawed | sizkemirilliksizyou all are going to be gnawed | alakemirillikdilethey are going to be gnawed |
| Definite future (future II) | menkemirillik tülmeI am not going to be gnawed | senkemirillik tülseyou are not going to be gnawed | olkemirillik tüldühe is not going to be gnawed | bizkemirillik tülbüzwe are not going to be gnawed | sizkemirillik tülsüzyou all are not going to be gnawed | alakemirillik tüldülethey are not going to be gnawed |
| Definite future (future II) | menkemirillikmemi? kemirillikmime?am I going to be gnawed? | senkemirillikmise?are you going to be gnawed? | olkemirillikmidi?is he going to be gnawed? | bizkemirillikbizmi? kemirillikmibiz?are we going to be gnawed? | sizkemirillikmisiz?are you all going to be gnawed? | alakemirillikmidile?are they going to be gnawed? |
| Definite future (future II) | menkemirillik tülmüme?aren't I going to be gnawed? | senkemirillik tülmüse?aren't you going to be gnawed? | olkemirillik tülmüdü?isn't he going to be gnawed? | bizkemirillik tülmübüz?aren't we going to be gnawed? | sizkemirillik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be gnawed? | alakemirillik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be gnawed? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menkemirilgen edimkemirilgenemI had been gnawed | senkemirilgen ediŋkemirilgeneŋyou had been gnawed | olkemirilgen edikemirilgenedhe had been gnawed | bizkemirilgen edikkemirilgenekwe had been gnawed | sizkemirilgen edigizkemirilgenegizyou all had been gnawed | alakemirilgen edilekemirilgenellethey had been gnawed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menkemirilmegen edimkemirilmegenemI hadn't been gnawed | senkemirilmegen ediŋkemirilmegeneŋyou hadn't been gnawed | olkemirilmegen edikemirilmegenedhe hadn't been gnawed | bizkemirilmegen edikkemirilmegenekwe hadn't been gnawed | sizkemirilmegen edigizkemirilmegenegizyou all hadn't been gnawed | alakemirilmegen edilekemirilmegenellethey hadn't been gnawed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menkemirile edimkemirilemI was being gnawed | senkemirile ediŋkemirileŋyou were being gnawed | olkemirile edikemiriledhe was being gnawed | bizkemirile edikkemirilekwe were being gnawed | sizkemirile edigizkemirilegizyou all were being gnawed | alakemirile edilekemirilellethey were being gnawed |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menkemirilmey edimkemirilmeyemI wasn't being gnawed | senkemirilmey ediŋkemirilmeyeŋyou weren't being gnawed | olkemirilmey edikemirilmeyedhe wasn't being gnawed | bizkemirilmey edikkemirilmeyekwe weren't being gnawed | sizkemirilmey edigizkemirilmeyegizyou all weren't being gnawed | alakemirilmey edilekemirilmeyellethey weren't being gnawed |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menkemiriliwçen edimkemiriliwçenemI used to be gnawed | senkemiriliwçen ediŋkemiriliwçeneŋyou used to be gnawed | olkemiriliwçen edikemiriliwçenedhe used to be gnawed | bizkemiriliwçen edikkemiriliwçenekwe used to be gnawed | sizkemiriliwçen edigizkemiriliwçenegizyou all used to be gnawed | alakemiriliwçen edilekemiriliwçenellethey used to be gnawed |
| Habitual past (used to) | menkemirilmewçen edimkemirilmewçenemI didn't use to be gnawed | senkemirilmewçen ediŋkemirilmewçeneŋyou didn't use to be gnawed | olkemirilmewçen edikemirilmewçenedhe didn't use to be gnawed | bizkemirilmewçen edikkemirilmewçenekwe didn't use to be gnawed | sizkemirilmewçen edigizkemirilmewçenegizyou all didn't use to be gnawed | alakemirilmewçen edilekemirilmewçenellethey didn't use to be gnawed |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olkemirilib edihe had been gnawed and remained so | alakemirilib edilethey had been gnawed and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olkemirilib tül edihe hadn't been gnawed | alakemirilib tül edilethey hadn't been gnawed | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menkemirilib tura edimkemirilib turaemI had remained gnawed | senkemirilib tura ediŋkemirilib turaeŋyou had remained gnawed | olkemirilib tura edikemirilib turaedhe had remained gnawed | bizkemirilib tura edikkemirilib turaekwe had remained gnawed | sizkemirilib tura edigizkemirilib turaegizyou all had remained gnawed | alakemirilib tura edilekemirilib turaellethey had remained gnawed |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menkemirilib turmay edimkemirilib turmayemI hadn't remained gnawed | senkemirilib turmay ediŋkemirilib turmayeŋyou hadn't remained gnawed | olkemirilib turmay edikemirilib turmayedhe hadn't remained gnawed | bizkemirilib turmay edikkemirilib turmayekwe hadn't remained gnawed | sizkemirilib turmay edigizkemirilib turmayegizyou all hadn't remained gnawed | alakemirilib turmay edilekemirilib turmayellethey hadn't remained gnawed |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menkemirile tura edimkemirile turaemI was in the middle of being gnawed | senkemirile tura ediŋkemirile turaeŋyou were in the middle of being gnawed | olkemirile tura edikemirile turaedhe was in the middle of being gnawed | bizkemirile tura edikkemirile turaekwe were in the middle of being gnawed | sizkemirile tura edigizkemirile turaegizyou all were in the middle of being gnawed | alakemirile tura edilekemirile turaellethey were in the middle of being gnawed |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menkemirile turmay edimkemirile turmayemI wasn't in the middle of being gnawed | senkemirile turmay ediŋkemirile turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of being gnawed | olkemirile turmay edikemirile turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of being gnawed | bizkemirile turmay edikkemirile turmayekwe weren't in the middle of being gnawed | sizkemirile turmay edigizkemirile turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of being gnawed | alakemirile turmay edilekemirile turmayellethey weren't in the middle of being gnawed |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menkemirilir edimkemirilir emI would be gnawed | senkemirilir ediŋkemirilir eŋyou would be gnawed | olkemirilir edikemirilir edhe would be gnawed | bizkemirilir edikkemirilir ekwe would be gnawed | sizkemirilir edigizkemirilir egizyou all would be gnawed | alakemirilir edilekemirilir ellethey would be gnawed |
| Conditional result (would) | menkemirilmez edimkemirilmez emI wouldn't be gnawed | senkemirilmez ediŋkemirilmez eŋyou wouldn't be gnawed | olkemirilmez edikemirilmez edhe wouldn't be gnawed | bizkemirilmez edikkemirilmez ekwe wouldn't be gnawed | sizkemirilmez edigizkemirilmez egizyou all wouldn't be gnawed | alakemirilmez edilekemirilmez ellethey wouldn't be gnawed |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menkemirillik edimkemirillik emI would have been gnawed | senkemirillik ediŋkemirillik eŋyou would have been gnawed | olkemirillik edikemirillik edhe would have been gnawed | bizkemirillik edikkemirillik ekwe would have been gnawed | sizkemirillik edigizkemirillik egizyou all would have been gnawed | alakemirillik edilekemirillik ellethey would have been gnawed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menkemirillik tül edimkemirillik tül emI wouldn't have been gnawed | senkemirillik tül ediŋkemirillik tül eŋyou wouldn't have been gnawed | olkemirillik tül edikemirillik tül edhe wouldn't have been gnawed | bizkemirillik tül edikkemirillik tül ekwe wouldn't have been gnawed | sizkemirillik tül edigizkemirillik tül egizyou all wouldn't have been gnawed | alakemirillik tül edilekemirillik tül ellethey wouldn't have been gnawed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menkemirilsemif I am gnawed | senkemirilseŋif you are gnawed | olkemirilseif he is gnawed | bizkemirilsekif we are gnawed | sizkemirilsegizif you all are gnawed | alakemirilseleif they are gnawed |
| Conditional | menkemirilmesemif I am not gnawed | senkemirilmeseŋif you are not gnawed | olkemirilmeseif he is not gnawed | bizkemirilmesekif we are not gnawed | sizkemirilmesegizif you all are not gnawed | alakemirilmeseleif they are not gnawed |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menkemirile esemif I am being gnawed | senkemirile eseŋif you are being gnawed | olkemirile eseif he is being gnawed | bizkemirile esekif we are being gnawed | sizkemirile esegizif you all are being gnawed | alakemirile eseleif they are being gnawed |
| Conditional, present real | menkemirilmey esemif I am not being gnawed | senkemirilmey eseŋif you are not being gnawed | olkemirilmey eseif he is not being gnawed | bizkemirilmey esekif we are not being gnawed | sizkemirilmey esegizif you all are not being gnawed | alakemirilmey eseleif they are not being gnawed |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menkemirilsem edikemirilsem edif only I was gnawed | senkemirilseŋ edikemirilseŋ edif only you was gnawed | olkemirilse edikemirilsedif only he was gnawed | bizkemirilsek edikemirilsek edif only we was gnawed | sizkemirilsegiz edikemirilsegiz edif only you all was gnawed | alakemirilsele edikemirilseledif only they was gnawed |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menkemirilmesem edikemirilmesem edif only I didn't be gnawed | senkemirilmeseŋ edikemirilmeseŋ edif only you didn't be gnawed | olkemirilmese edikemirilmesedif only he didn't be gnawed | bizkemirilmesek edikemirilmesek edif only we didn't be gnawed | sizkemirilmesegiz edikemirilmesegiz edif only you all didn't be gnawed | alakemirilmesele edikemirilmeseledif only they didn't be gnawed |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menkemirilib tursamif I remain gnawed | senkemirilib tursaŋif you remain gnawed | olkemirilib tursaif he remains gnawed | bizkemirilib tursaqif we remain gnawed | sizkemirilib tursağızif you all remain gnawed | alakemirilib tursalaif they remain gnawed |
| Durative conditional | menkemirilib turmasamif I don't remain gnawed | senkemirilib turmasaŋif you don't remain gnawed | olkemirilib turmasaif he doesn't remain gnawed | bizkemirilib turmasaqif we don't remain gnawed | sizkemirilib turmasağızif you all don't remain gnawed | alakemirilib turmasalaif they don't remain gnawed |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menkemirilib tura esemif I have remained gnawed | senkemirilib tura eseŋif you have remained gnawed | olkemirilib tura eseif he has remained gnawed | bizkemirilib tura esekif we have remained gnawed | sizkemirilib tura esegizif you all have remained gnawed | alakemirilib tura eseleif they have remained gnawed |
| Durative conditional, present real | menkemirilib turmay esemif I haven't remained gnawed | senkemirilib turmay eseŋif you haven't remained gnawed | olkemirilib turmay eseif he hasn't remained gnawed | bizkemirilib turmay esekif we haven't remained gnawed | sizkemirilib turmay esegizif you all haven't remained gnawed | alakemirilib turmay eseleif they haven't remained gnawed |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menkemirile tursamif I keep being gnawed | senkemirile tursaŋif you keep being gnawed | olkemirile tursaif he keeps being gnawed | bizkemirile tursaqif we keep being gnawed | sizkemirile tursağızif you all keep being gnawed | alakemirile tursalaif they keep being gnawed |
| Progressive conditional | menkemirilmey tursamif I keep on not being gnawed | senkemirilmey tursaŋif you keep on not being gnawed | olkemirilmey tursaif he keeps on not being gnawed | bizkemirilmey tursaqif we keep on not being gnawed | sizkemirilmey tursağızif you all keep on not being gnawed | alakemirilmey tursalaif they keep on not being gnawed |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menkemirile tura esemif I am in the middle of being gnawed | senkemirile tura eseŋif you are in the middle of being gnawed | olkemirile tura eseif he is in the middle of being gnawed | bizkemirile tura esekif we are in the middle of being gnawed | sizkemirile tura esegizif you all are in the middle of being gnawed | alakemirile tura eseleif they are in the middle of being gnawed |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menkemirilmey tura esemif I keep on not being gnawed | senkemirilmey tura eseŋif you keep on not being gnawed | olkemirilmey tura eseif he keeps on not being gnawed | bizkemirilmey tura esekif we keep on not being gnawed | sizkemirilmey tura esegizif you all keep on not being gnawed | alakemirilmey tura eseleif they keep on not being gnawed |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menkemirildim esemif I was gnawed | senkemirildiŋ eseŋif you were gnawed | olkemirildi eseif he was gnawed | bizkemirildik esekif we were gnawed | sizkemirildigiz esegizif you all were gnawed | alakemirildile eseleif they were gnawed |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menkemirilmedim esemif I wasn't gnawed | senkemirilmediŋ eseŋif you weren't gnawed | olkemirilmedi eseif he wasn't gnawed | bizkemirilmedik esekif we weren't gnawed | sizkemirilmedigiz esegizif you all weren't gnawed | alakemirilmedile eseleif they weren't gnawed |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menkemirilgen esemif I was gnawed (indeed) | senkemirilgen eseŋif you were gnawed (indeed) | olkemirilgen eseif he was gnawed (indeed) | bizkemirilgen esekif we were gnawed (indeed) | sizkemirilgen esegizif you all were gnawed (indeed) | alakemirilgen eseleif they were gnawed (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menkemirilmegen esemif I wasn't gnawed (indeed) | senkemirilmegen eseŋif you weren't gnawed (indeed) | olkemirilmegen eseif he wasn't gnawed (indeed) | bizkemirilmegen esekif we weren't gnawed (indeed) | sizkemirilmegen esegizif you all weren't gnawed (indeed) | alakemirilmegen eseleif they weren't gnawed (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menkemirilgen bolsamif I had been gnawed | senkemirilgen bolsaŋif you had been gnawed | olkemirilgen bolsaif he had been gnawed | bizkemirilgen bolsaqif we had been gnawed | sizkemirilgen bolsağızif you all had been gnawed | alakemirilgen bolsalaif they had been gnawed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menkemirilmegen bolsamif I hadn't been gnawed | senkemirilmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't been gnawed | olkemirilmegen bolsaif he hadn't been gnawed | bizkemirilmegen bolsaqif we hadn't been gnawed | sizkemirilmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't been gnawed | alakemirilmegen bolsalaif they hadn't been gnawed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menkemirilgen bolsam edikemirilgen bolsam edif only I had been gnawed | senkemirilgen bolsaŋ edikemirilgen bolsaŋ edif only you had been gnawed | olkemirilgen bolsa edikemirilgen bolsaedif only he had been gnawed | bizkemirilgen bolsaq edikemirilgen bolsaq edif only we had been gnawed | sizkemirilgen bolsağız edikemirilgen bolsağız edif only you all had been gnawed | alakemirilgen bolsala edikemirilgen bolsalaedif only they had been gnawed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menkemirilmegen bolsam edikemirilmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't been gnawed | senkemirilmegen bolsaŋ edikemirilmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't been gnawed | olkemirilmegen bolsa edikemirilmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't been gnawed | bizkemirilmegen bolsaq edikemirilmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't been gnawed | sizkemirilmegen bolsağız edikemirilmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't been gnawed | alakemirilmegen bolsala edikemirilmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't been gnawed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menkemirilir esemif I will be gnawed | senkemirilir eseŋif you will be gnawed | olkemirilir eseif he will be gnawed | bizkemirilir esekif we will be gnawed | sizkemirilir esegizif you all will be gnawed | alakemirilir eseleif they will be gnawed |
| Conditional, aorist | menkemirilmez esemif I won't be gnawed | senkemirilmez eseŋif you won't be gnawed | olkemirilmez eseif he won't be gnawed | bizkemirilmez esekif we won't be gnawed | sizkemirilmez esegizif you all won't be gnawed | alakemirilmez eseleif they won't be gnawed |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menkemirillik esemif I am going to be gnawed | senkemirillik eseŋif you are going to be gnawed | olkemirillik eseif he is going to be gnawed | bizkemirillik esekif we are going to be gnawed | sizkemirillik esegizif you all are going to be gnawed | alakemirillik eseleif they are going to be gnawed |
| Conditional, future | menkemirillik tül esemif I am not going to be gnawed | senkemirillik tül eseŋif you are not going to be gnawed | olkemirillik tül eseif he is not going to be gnawed | bizkemirillik tül esekif we are not going to be gnawed | sizkemirillik tül esegizif you all are not going to be gnawed | alakemirillik tül eseleif they are not going to be gnawed |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menkemirillik bolsamif I were going to be gnawed | senkemirillik bolsaŋif you were going to be gnawed | olkemirillik bolsaif he were going to be gnawed | bizkemirillik bolsaqif we were going to be gnawed | sizkemirillik bolsağızif you all were going to be gnawed | alakemirillik bolsalaif they were going to be gnawed |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menkemirilmezlik bolsamif I were not going to be gnawed | senkemirilmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to be gnawed | olkemirilmezlik bolsaif he were not going to be gnawed | bizkemirilmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to be gnawed | sizkemirilmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to be gnawed | alakemirilmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to be gnawed |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso kemirildiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menkemirile bolurmaI must be being gnawed | senkemirile bolursayou must be being gnawed | olkemirile bolurhe must be being gnawed | bizkemirile bolurbuzwe must be being gnawed | sizkemirile bolursuzyou all must be being gnawed | alakemirile bolurlathey must be being gnawed |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menkemirilmey bolurmaI must not be being gnawed | senkemirilmey bolursayou must not be being gnawed | olkemirilmey bolurhe must not be being gnawed | bizkemirilmey bolurbuzwe must not be being gnawed | sizkemirilmey bolursuzyou all must not be being gnawed | alakemirilmey bolurlathey must not be being gnawed |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menkemirile tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of being gnawed | senkemirile tura bolursayou must be in the middle of being gnawed | olkemirile tura bolurhe must be in the middle of being gnawed | bizkemirile tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of being gnawed | sizkemirile tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of being gnawed | alakemirile tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of being gnawed |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menkemirilmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not being gnawed | senkemirilmey tura bolursayou must keep on not being gnawed | olkemirilmey tura bolurhe must keep on not being gnawed | bizkemirilmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not being gnawed | sizkemirilmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not being gnawed | alakemirilmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not being gnawed |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menkemirilgen bolurmaI must have been gnawed | senkemirilgen bolursayou must have been gnawed | olkemirilgen bolurhe must have been gnawed | bizkemirilgen bolurbuzwe must have been gnawed | sizkemirilgen bolursuzyou all must have been gnawed | alakemirilgen bolurlathey must have been gnawed |
| Inference (must have) | menkemirilmegen bolurmaI must not have been gnawed | senkemirilmegen bolursayou must not have been gnawed | olkemirilmegen bolurhe must not have been gnawed | bizkemirilmegen bolurbuzwe must not have been gnawed | sizkemirilmegen bolursuzyou all must not have been gnawed | alakemirilmegen bolurlathey must not have been gnawed |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menkemirillik bolurmaI must be going to be gnawed | senkemirillik bolursayou must be going to be gnawed | olkemirillik bolurhe must be going to be gnawed | bizkemirillik bolurbuzwe must be going to be gnawed | sizkemirillik bolursuzyou all must be going to be gnawed | alakemirillik bolurlathey must be going to be gnawed |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menkemirilmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to be gnawed | senkemirilmezlik bolursayou must not be going to be gnawed | olkemirilmezlik bolurhe must not be going to be gnawed | bizkemirilmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to be gnawed | sizkemirilmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to be gnawed | alakemirilmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to be gnawed |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menkemirileyimlet me be gnawed | senkemiril!be gnawed! | olkemirilsinlet him be gnawed | bizkemirileyiklet's be gnawed | sizkemiriligiz!be gnawed, you all! | alakemirilsinlelet them be gnawed |
| Commands & suggestions | menkemirilmeyimlet me not be gnawed | senkemirilme!don't be gnawed! | olkemirilmesinlet him not be gnawed | bizkemirilmeyiklet's not be gnawed | sizkemirilmegiz!don't be gnawed, you all! | alakemirilmesinlelet them not be gnawed |
| Commands & suggestions | menkemirileyimmi?shall I be gnawed? | olkemirilsinmi?should he be gnawed? | bizkemirileyikmi?shall we be gnawed? | alakemirilsinlemi?should they be gnawed? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menkemirilmeyimmi?shall I not be gnawed? | olkemirilmesinmi?should he not be gnawed? | bizkemirilmeyikmi?shall we not be gnawed? | alakemirilmesinlemi?should they not be gnawed? | ||
| Requests | senkemirilçi2kemirilçinplease be gnawed | olkemirilsinçido let him be gnawed | sizkemirilçigizplease be gnawed (plural/polite) | alakemirilsinleçido let them be gnawed | ||
| Requests | senkemirilmeçi2kemirilmeçinplease don't be gnawed | olkemirilmesinçido let him not be gnawed | sizkemirilmeçigizplease don't be gnawed (plural/polite) | alakemirilmesinleçido let them not be gnawed | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senkemirilginkemirilgimay you be gnawed | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senkemirilmeginkemirilmegimay you not be gnawed | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menkemirilgey edim kemirilge edimwould that I were gnawed | senkemirilgey ediŋ kemirilge ediŋwould that you were gnawed | olkemirilgey edi kemirilge ediwould that he were gnawed | bizkemirilgey edik kemirilge edikwould that we were gnawed | sizkemirilgey edigiz kemirilge edigizwould that you all were gnawed | alakemirilgey edile kemirilge edilewould that they were gnawed |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menkemirilmegey edim kemirilmege edimwould that I were not gnawed | senkemirilmegey ediŋ kemirilmege ediŋwould that you were not gnawed | olkemirilmegey edi kemirilmege ediwould that he were not gnawed | bizkemirilmegey edik kemirilmege edikwould that we were not gnawed | sizkemirilmegey edigiz kemirilmege edigizwould that you all were not gnawed | alakemirilmegey edile kemirilmege edilewould that they were not gnawed |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menkemirilmege qoyayımkemirilme qoyayımlet me allow someone to be gnawed | senkemirilmege qoy!kemirilme qoy!let someone be gnawed! | olkemirilmege qoysunkemirilme qoysunlet him allow someone to be gnawed | bizkemirilmege qoyayıqkemirilme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to be gnawed | sizkemirilmege qoyuğuz!kemirilme qoyuğuz!let someone be gnawed, you all! | alakemirilmege qoysunlakemirilme qoysunlalet them allow someone to be gnawed |
| Let someone… (commands) | menkemirilmege qoymayımkemirilme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to be gnawed | senkemirilmege qoyma!kemirilme qoyma!don't let someone be gnawed! | olkemirilmege qoymasınkemirilme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to be gnawed | bizkemirilmege qoymayıqkemirilme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to be gnawed | sizkemirilmege qoymağız!kemirilme qoymağız!don't let someone be gnawed, you all! | alakemirilmege qoymasınlakemirilme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to be gnawed |
| Let someone… (commands) | menkemirilmege qoyayımmı?kemirilme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to be gnawed? | olkemirilmege qoysunmu?kemirilme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to be gnawed? | bizkemirilmege qoyayıqmı?kemirilme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to be gnawed? | alakemirilmege qoysunlamı?kemirilme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to be gnawed? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menkemirilmege qoymayımmı?kemirilme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to be gnawed? | olkemirilmege qoymasınmı?kemirilme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to be gnawed? | bizkemirilmege qoymayıqmı?kemirilme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to be gnawed? | alakemirilmege qoymasınlamı?kemirilme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to be gnawed? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menkemirilmege qoyamakemirilme qoyamaI allow someone to be gnawed | senkemirilmege qoyasakemirilme qoyasayou allow someone to be gnawed | olkemirilmege qoyadıkemirilme qoyadıhe allows someone to be gnawed | bizkemirilmege qoyabızkemirilme qoyabızwe allow someone to be gnawed | sizkemirilmege qoyasızkemirilme qoyasızyou all allow someone to be gnawed | alakemirilmege qoyadılakemirilme qoyadılathey allow someone to be gnawed |
| Let someone… (present) | menkemirilmege qoymaymakemirilme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to be gnawed | senkemirilmege qoymaysakemirilme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to be gnawed | olkemirilmege qoymaydıkemirilme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to be gnawed | bizkemirilmege qoymaybızkemirilme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to be gnawed | sizkemirilmege qoymaysızkemirilme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to be gnawed | alakemirilmege qoymaydılakemirilme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to be gnawed |
| Let someone… (present) | menkemirilmege qoyamamı?kemirilme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to be gnawed? | senkemirilmege qoyamısa?kemirilme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to be gnawed? | olkemirilmege qoyamıdı?kemirilme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to be gnawed? | bizkemirilmege qoyabızmı?kemirilme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to be gnawed? | sizkemirilmege qoyamısız?kemirilme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to be gnawed? | alakemirilmege qoyamıdıla?kemirilme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to be gnawed? |
| Let someone… (present) | menkemirilmege qoymaymamı?kemirilme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to be gnawed? | senkemirilmege qoymaymısa?kemirilme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to be gnawed? | olkemirilmege qoymaymıdı?kemirilme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to be gnawed? | bizkemirilmege qoymaybızmı?kemirilme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to be gnawed? | sizkemirilmege qoymaymısız?kemirilme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to be gnawed? | alakemirilmege qoymaymıdıla?kemirilme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to be gnawed? |
| Let someone… (past) | menkemirilmege qoydumkemirilme qoydumI allowed someone to be gnawed | senkemirilmege qoyduŋkemirilme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to be gnawed | olkemirilmege qoydukemirilme qoyduhe allowed someone to be gnawed | bizkemirilmege qoyduqkemirilme qoyduqwe allowed someone to be gnawed | sizkemirilmege qoyduğuzkemirilme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to be gnawed | alakemirilmege qoydulakemirilme qoydulathey allowed someone to be gnawed |
| Let someone… (past) | menkemirilmege qoymadımkemirilme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to be gnawed | senkemirilmege qoymadıŋkemirilme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to be gnawed | olkemirilmege qoymadıkemirilme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to be gnawed | bizkemirilmege qoymadıqkemirilme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to be gnawed | sizkemirilmege qoymadığızkemirilme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to be gnawed | alakemirilmege qoymadılakemirilme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to be gnawed |
| Let someone… (past) | menkemirilmege qoydummu?kemirilme qoydummu?did I allow someone to be gnawed? | senkemirilmege qoyduŋmu?kemirilme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to be gnawed? | olkemirilmege qoydumu?kemirilme qoydumu?did he allow someone to be gnawed? | bizkemirilmege qoyduqmu?kemirilme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to be gnawed? | sizkemirilmege qoyduğuzmu?kemirilme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to be gnawed? | alakemirilmege qoydulamı?kemirilme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to be gnawed? |
| Let someone… (past) | menkemirilmege qoymadımmı?kemirilme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to be gnawed? | senkemirilmege qoymadıŋmı?kemirilme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to be gnawed? | olkemirilmege qoymadımı?kemirilme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to be gnawed? | bizkemirilmege qoymadıqmı?kemirilme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to be gnawed? | sizkemirilmege qoymadığızmı?kemirilme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to be gnawed? | alakemirilmege qoymadılamı?kemirilme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to be gnawed? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menkemirilalamaI can be gnawed | senkemirilalasayou can be gnawed | olkemirilaladıhe can be gnawed | bizkemirilalabızwe can be gnawed | sizkemirilalasızyou all can be gnawed | alakemirilaladılathey can be gnawed |
| Ability — present | menkemirilalmaymaI can't be gnawed | senkemirilalmaysayou can't be gnawed | olkemirilalmaydıhe can't be gnawed | bizkemirilalmaybızwe can't be gnawed | sizkemirilalmaysızyou all can't be gnawed | alakemirilalmaydılathey can't be gnawed |
| Ability — present | menkemirilalamamı? kemirilalamıma?can I be gnawed? | senkemirilalamısa?can you be gnawed? | olkemirilalamıdı?can he be gnawed? | bizkemirilalabızmı? kemirilalamıbız?can we be gnawed? | sizkemirilalamısız?can you all be gnawed? | alakemirilalamıdıla?can they be gnawed? |
| Ability — present | menkemirilalmaymamı? kemirilalmaymıma?can't I be gnawed? | senkemirilalmaymısa?can't you be gnawed? | olkemirilalmaymıdı?can't he be gnawed? | bizkemirilalmaybızmı? kemirilalmaymıbız?can't we be gnawed? | sizkemirilalmaymısız?can't you all be gnawed? | alakemirilalmaymıdıla?can't they be gnawed? |
| Ability — if I can… | menkemirilalsamif I can be gnawed | senkemirilalsaŋif you can be gnawed | olkemirilalsaif he can be gnawed | bizkemirilalsaqif we can be gnawed | sizkemirilalsağızif you all can be gnawed | alakemirilalsalaif they can be gnawed |
| Ability — if I can… | menkemirilalmasamif I can't be gnawed | senkemirilalmasaŋif you can't be gnawed | olkemirilalmasaif he can't be gnawed | bizkemirilalmasaqif we can't be gnawed | sizkemirilalmasağızif you all can't be gnawed | alakemirilalmasalaif they can't be gnawed |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menkemirilaldımI was able to be gnawed | senkemirilaldıŋyou were able to be gnawed | olkemirilaldıhe was able to be gnawed | bizkemirilaldıqwe were able to be gnawed | sizkemirilaldığızyou all were able to be gnawed | alakemirilaldılathey were able to be gnawed |
| Ability — simple past | menkemirilalmadımI could not be gnawed | senkemirilalmadıŋyou could not be gnawed | olkemirilalmadıhe could not be gnawed | bizkemirilalmadıqwe could not be gnawed | sizkemirilalmadığızyou all could not be gnawed | alakemirilalmadılathey could not be gnawed |
| Ability — simple past | menkemirilaldımmı?was I able to be gnawed? | senkemirilaldıŋmı?were you able to be gnawed? | olkemirilaldımı?was he able to be gnawed? | bizkemirilaldıqmı?were we able to be gnawed? | sizkemirilaldığızmı?were you all able to be gnawed? | alakemirilaldılamı?were they able to be gnawed? |
| Ability — simple past | menkemirilalmadımmı?couldn't I be gnawed? | senkemirilalmadıŋmı?couldn't you be gnawed? | olkemirilalmadımı?couldn't he be gnawed? | bizkemirilalmadıqmı?couldn't we be gnawed? | sizkemirilalmadığızmı?couldn't you all be gnawed? | alakemirilalmadılamı?couldn't they be gnawed? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkemirilalğanmaI have been able to be gnawed | senkemirilalğansayou have been able to be gnawed | olkemirilalğandıhe has been able to be gnawed | bizkemirilalğanbızwe have been able to be gnawed | sizkemirilalğansızyou all have been able to be gnawed | alakemirilalğandılathey have been able to be gnawed |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkemirilalmağanmaI haven't been able to be gnawed | senkemirilalmağansayou haven't been able to be gnawed | olkemirilalmağandıhe hasn't been able to be gnawed | bizkemirilalmağanbızwe haven't been able to be gnawed | sizkemirilalmağansızyou all haven't been able to be gnawed | alakemirilalmağandılathey haven't been able to be gnawed |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkemirilalğanmamı? kemirilalğanmıma?have I been able to be gnawed? | senkemirilalğanmısa?have you been able to be gnawed? | olkemirilalğanmıdı?has he been able to be gnawed? | bizkemirilalğanbızmı? kemirilalğanmıbız?have we been able to be gnawed? | sizkemirilalğanmısız?have you all been able to be gnawed? | alakemirilalğanmıdıla?have they been able to be gnawed? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkemirilalmağanmamı? kemirilalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to be gnawed? | senkemirilalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to be gnawed? | olkemirilalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to be gnawed? | bizkemirilalmağanbızmı? kemirilalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to be gnawed? | sizkemirilalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to be gnawed? | alakemirilalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to be gnawed? |
| Ability — past perfect | menkemirilalğan edimkemirilalğanemI had been able to be gnawed | senkemirilalğan ediŋkemirilalğaneŋyou had been able to be gnawed | olkemirilalğan edikemirilalğanedhe had been able to be gnawed | bizkemirilalğan edikkemirilalğanekwe had been able to be gnawed | sizkemirilalğan edigizkemirilalğanegizyou all had been able to be gnawed | alakemirilalğan edilekemirilalğanellethey had been able to be gnawed |
| Ability — past perfect | menkemirilalmağan edimkemirilalmağanemI hadn't been able to be gnawed | senkemirilalmağan ediŋkemirilalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to be gnawed | olkemirilalmağan edikemirilalmağanedhe hadn't been able to be gnawed | bizkemirilalmağan edikkemirilalmağanekwe hadn't been able to be gnawed | sizkemirilalmağan edigizkemirilalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to be gnawed | alakemirilalmağan edilekemirilalmağanellethey hadn't been able to be gnawed |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menkemirilala edimkemirilalaemI could be gnawed | senkemirilala ediŋkemirilalaeŋyou could be gnawed | olkemirilala edikemirilalaedhe could be gnawed | bizkemirilala edikkemirilalaekwe could be gnawed | sizkemirilala edigizkemirilalaegizyou all could be gnawed | alakemirilala edilekemirilalaellethey could be gnawed |
| Ability — past background | menkemirilalmay edimkemirilalmayemI could not be gnawed | senkemirilalmay ediŋkemirilalmayeŋyou could not be gnawed | olkemirilalmay edikemirilalmayedhe could not be gnawed | bizkemirilalmay edikkemirilalmayekwe could not be gnawed | sizkemirilalmay edigizkemirilalmayegizyou all could not be gnawed | alakemirilalmay edilekemirilalmayellethey could not be gnawed |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menkemirilalırmaI will be able to be gnawed | senkemirilalırsayou will be able to be gnawed | olkemirilalırhe will be able to be gnawed | bizkemirilalırbızwe will be able to be gnawed | sizkemirilalırsızyou all will be able to be gnawed | alakemirilalırlathey will be able to be gnawed |
| Ability — future I | menkemirilalmazmaI won't be able to be gnawed | senkemirilalmazsayou won't be able to be gnawed | olkemirilalmazhe won't be able to be gnawed | bizkemirilalmazbızwe won't be able to be gnawed | sizkemirilalmazsızyou all won't be able to be gnawed | alakemirilalmazlathey won't be able to be gnawed |
| Ability — future I | menkemirilalırmamı? kemirilalırmıma?will I be able to be gnawed? | senkemirilalırmısa?will you be able to be gnawed? | olkemirilalırmı?will he be able to be gnawed? | bizkemirilalırbızmı? kemirilalırmıbız?will we be able to be gnawed? | sizkemirilalırmısız?will you all be able to be gnawed? | alakemirilalırlamı? kemirilalırmıla?will they be able to be gnawed? |
| Ability — future I | menkemirilalmazmamı? kemirilalmazmıma?won't I be able to be gnawed? | senkemirilalmazmısa?won't you be able to be gnawed? | olkemirilalmazmı?won't he be able to be gnawed? | bizkemirilalmazbızmı? kemirilalmazmıbız?won't we be able to be gnawed? | sizkemirilalmazmısız?won't you all be able to be gnawed? | alakemirilalmazlamı? kemirilalmazmıla?won't they be able to be gnawed? |
| Ability — future II | menkemirilallıqmaI am going to be able to be gnawed | senkemirilallıqsayou are going to be able to be gnawed | olkemirilallıqdıhe is going to be able to be gnawed | bizkemirilallıqbızwe are going to be able to be gnawed | sizkemirilallıqsızyou all are going to be able to be gnawed | alakemirilallıqdılathey are going to be able to be gnawed |
| Ability — future II | menkemirilallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to be gnawed | senkemirilallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to be gnawed | olkemirilallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to be gnawed | bizkemirilallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to be gnawed | sizkemirilallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to be gnawed | alakemirilallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to be gnawed |
| Ability — future II | menkemirilallıqmamı? kemirilallıqmıma?am I going to be able to be gnawed? | senkemirilallıqmısa?are you going to be able to be gnawed? | olkemirilallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to be gnawed? | bizkemirilallıqbızmı? kemirilallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to be gnawed? | sizkemirilallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to be gnawed? | alakemirilallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to be gnawed? |
| Ability — future II | menkemirilallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to be gnawed? | senkemirilallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to be gnawed? | olkemirilallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to be gnawed? | bizkemirilallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to be gnawed? | sizkemirilallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to be gnawed? | alakemirilallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to be gnawed? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menkemirilalır edimkemirilalır emI would be able to be gnawed | senkemirilalır ediŋkemirilalır eŋyou would be able to be gnawed | olkemirilalır edikemirilalır edhe would be able to be gnawed | bizkemirilalır edikkemirilalır ekwe would be able to be gnawed | sizkemirilalır edigizkemirilalır egizyou all would be able to be gnawed | alakemirilalır edilekemirilalır ellethey would be able to be gnawed |
| Ability — would be able to… | menkemirilalmaz edimkemirilalmaz emI wouldn't be able to be gnawed | senkemirilalmaz ediŋkemirilalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to be gnawed | olkemirilalmaz edikemirilalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to be gnawed | bizkemirilalmaz edikkemirilalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to be gnawed | sizkemirilalmaz edigizkemirilalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to be gnawed | alakemirilalmaz edilekemirilalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to be gnawed |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senkemirilalğınkemirilalğımay you be able to be gnawed | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senkemirilalmağınkemirilalmağımay you not be able to be gnawed | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menkemirilirge izleymeI want to be gnawed | senkemirilirge izleyseyou want to be gnawed | olkemirilirge izleydihe wants to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge izleybizwe want to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge izleysizyou all want to be gnawed | alakemirilirge izleydilethey want to be gnawed |
| want to | menkemirilirge izlemeymeI do not want to be gnawed | senkemirilirge izlemeyseyou do not want to be gnawed | olkemirilirge izlemeydihe does not want to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge izlemeybizwe do not want to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to be gnawed | alakemirilirge izlemeydilethey do not want to be gnawed |
| would like to | menkemirilirge süemeI would like to be gnawed | senkemirilirge süeseyou would like to be gnawed | olkemirilirge süedihe would like to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge süebizwe would like to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge süesizyou all would like to be gnawed | alakemirilirge süedilethey would like to be gnawed |
| would like to | menkemirilirge süymeymeI would not like to be gnawed | senkemirilirge süymeyseyou would not like to be gnawed | olkemirilirge süymeydihe would not like to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge süymeybizwe would not like to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge süymeysizyou all would not like to be gnawed | alakemirilirge süymeydilethey would not like to be gnawed |
| hope to | menkemirilirge umutlanamaI hope to be gnawed | senkemirilirge umutlanasayou hope to be gnawed | olkemirilirge umutlanadıhe hopes to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge umutlanabızwe hope to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge umutlanasızyou all hope to be gnawed | alakemirilirge umutlanadılathey hope to be gnawed |
| hope to | menkemirilirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to be gnawed | senkemirilirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to be gnawed | olkemirilirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to be gnawed | alakemirilirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to be gnawed |
| be about to | menkemirilirge deb turamaI am about to be gnawed | senkemirilirge deb turasayou are about to be gnawed | olkemirilirge deb turadıhe is about to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge deb turabızwe are about to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge deb turasızyou all are about to be gnawed | alakemirilirge deb turadılathey are about to be gnawed |
| be about to | menkemirilirge deb turmaymaI am not about to be gnawed | senkemirilirge deb turmaysayou are not about to be gnawed | olkemirilirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to be gnawed | alakemirilirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to be gnawed |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menkemirilirge kerekmeI need to be gnawed | senkemirilirge kerekseyou need to be gnawed | olkemirilirge kerekdihe needs to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge kerekbizwe need to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge kereksizyou all need to be gnawed | alakemirilirge kerekdilethey need to be gnawed |
| need to | menkemirilirge kerek tülmeI do not need to be gnawed | senkemirilirge kerek tülseyou do not need to be gnawed | olkemirilirge kerek tüldühe does not need to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to be gnawed | alakemirilirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to be gnawed |
| have to | menmenŋe kemirilirge tüşediI have to be gnawed | sensenŋe kemirilirge tüşediyou have to be gnawed | olaŋa kemirilirge tüşedihe has to be gnawed | bizbizge kemirilirge tüşediwe have to be gnawed | sizsizge kemirilirge tüşediyou all have to be gnawed | alaalağa kemirilirge tüşedithey have to be gnawed |
| have to | menmenŋe kemirilirge tüşmeydiI do not have to be gnawed | sensenŋe kemirilirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to be gnawed | olaŋa kemirilirge tüşmeydihe does not have to be gnawed | bizbizge kemirilirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to be gnawed | sizsizge kemirilirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to be gnawed | alaalağa kemirilirge tüşmeydithey do not have to be gnawed |
| be obliged to | menkemirilirge borçlumaI am obliged to be gnawed | senkemirilirge borçlusayou are obliged to be gnawed | olkemirilirge borçluduhe is obliged to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to be gnawed | alakemirilirge borçludulathey are obliged to be gnawed |
| be obliged to | menkemirilirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to be gnawed | senkemirilirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to be gnawed | olkemirilirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to be gnawed | alakemirilirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to be gnawed |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menkemirilirge madarım bardıI have a way to be gnawed | senkemirilirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to be gnawed | olkemirilirge madarı bardıhe has a way to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to be gnawed | alakemirilirge madarları bardıthey have a way to be gnawed |
| have a way to | menkemirilirge madarım joqduI have no way to be gnawed | senkemirilirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to be gnawed | olkemirilirge madarı joqduhe has no way to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to be gnawed | alakemirilirge madarları joqduthey have no way to be gnawed |
| be free to | menkemirilirge erkinligim bardıI am free to be gnawed | senkemirilirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to be gnawed | olkemirilirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to be gnawed | alakemirilirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to be gnawed |
| be free to | menkemirilirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to be gnawed | senkemirilirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to be gnawed | olkemirilirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to be gnawed | alakemirilirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to be gnawed |
| be possible to | menmenŋe kemirilirge bolluqduit is possible for me to be gnawed | sensenŋe kemirilirge bolluqduit is possible for you to be gnawed | olaŋa kemirilirge bolluqduit is possible for him to be gnawed | bizbizge kemirilirge bolluqduit is possible for us to be gnawed | sizsizge kemirilirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to be gnawed | alaalağa kemirilirge bolluqduit is possible for them to be gnawed |
| be possible to | menmenŋe kemirilirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to be gnawed | sensenŋe kemirilirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to be gnawed | olaŋa kemirilirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to be gnawed | bizbizge kemirilirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to be gnawed | sizsizge kemirilirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to be gnawed | alaalağa kemirilirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to be gnawed |
| be ready to | menkemirilirge hazırmaI am ready to be gnawed | senkemirilirge hazırsayou are ready to be gnawed | olkemirilirge hazırdıhe is ready to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge hazırbızwe are ready to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge hazırsızyou all are ready to be gnawed | alakemirilirge hazırdılathey are ready to be gnawed |
| be ready to | menkemirilirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to be gnawed | senkemirilirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to be gnawed | olkemirilirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to be gnawed | alakemirilirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to be gnawed |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menkemirilirge küreşemeI am trying to be gnawed | senkemirilirge küreşeseyou are trying to be gnawed | olkemirilirge küreşedihe is trying to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge küreşebizwe are trying to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge küreşesizyou all are trying to be gnawed | alakemirilirge küreşedilethey are trying to be gnawed |
| try to | menkemirilirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to be gnawed | senkemirilirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to be gnawed | olkemirilirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to be gnawed | alakemirilirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to be gnawed |
| agree to | menkemirilirge unaymaI agree to be gnawed | senkemirilirge unaysayou agree to be gnawed | olkemirilirge unaydıhe agrees to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge unaybızwe agree to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge unaysızyou all agree to be gnawed | alakemirilirge unaydılathey agree to be gnawed |
| agree to | menkemirilirge unamaymaI refuse to be gnawed | senkemirilirge unamaysayou refuse to be gnawed | olkemirilirge unamaydıhe refuses to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge unamaybızwe refuse to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge unamaysızyou all refuse to be gnawed | alakemirilirge unamaydılathey refuse to be gnawed |
| hurry to | menkemirilirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to be gnawed | senkemirilirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to be gnawed | olkemirilirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to be gnawed | alakemirilirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to be gnawed |
| hurry to | menkemirilirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to be gnawed | senkemirilirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to be gnawed | olkemirilirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to be gnawed | alakemirilirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to be gnawed |
| be afraid to | menkemirilirge qorqamaI am afraid to be gnawed | senkemirilirge qorqasayou are afraid to be gnawed | olkemirilirge qorqadıhe is afraid to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge qorqabızwe are afraid to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to be gnawed | alakemirilirge qorqadılathey are afraid to be gnawed |
| be afraid to | menkemirilirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to be gnawed | senkemirilirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to be gnawed | olkemirilirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to be gnawed | bizkemirilirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to be gnawed | sizkemirilirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to be gnawed | alakemirilirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to be gnawed |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menkemirile bolmazmaI can't be being gnawed | senkemirile bolmazsayou can't be being gnawed | olkemirile bolmazhe can't be being gnawed | bizkemirile bolmazbızwe can't be being gnawed | sizkemirile bolmazsızyou all can't be being gnawed | alakemirile bolmazlathey can't be being gnawed |
| Inference, present — double negation | menkemirilmey bolmazmaI must be being gnawed (emphatic) | senkemirilmey bolmazsayou must be being gnawed (emphatic) | olkemirilmey bolmazhe must be being gnawed (emphatic) | bizkemirilmey bolmazbızwe must be being gnawed (emphatic) | sizkemirilmey bolmazsızyou all must be being gnawed (emphatic) | alakemirilmey bolmazlathey must be being gnawed (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menkemirile turmasamif I don't keep being gnawed | senkemirile turmasaŋif you don't keep being gnawed | olkemirile turmasaif he doesn't keep being gnawed | bizkemirile turmasaqif we don't keep being gnawed | sizkemirile turmasağızif you all don't keep being gnawed | alakemirile turmasalaif they don't keep being gnawed |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menkemirile tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of being gnawed | senkemirile tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of being gnawed | olkemirile tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of being gnawed | bizkemirile tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of being gnawed | sizkemirile tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of being gnawed | alakemirile tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of being gnawed |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menkemirilmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not being gnawed (emphatic) | senkemirilmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not being gnawed (emphatic) | olkemirilmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not being gnawed (emphatic) | bizkemirilmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not being gnawed (emphatic) | sizkemirilmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not being gnawed (emphatic) | alakemirilmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not being gnawed (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menkemirilmey turamaI keep on not being gnawed | senkemirilmey turasayou keep on not being gnawed | olkemirilmey turadıhe keeps on not being gnawed | bizkemirilmey turabızwe keep on not being gnawed | sizkemirilmey turasızyou all keep on not being gnawed | alakemirilmey turadılathey keep on not being gnawed |
| Progressive — double negation | menkemirilmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not being gnawed | senkemirilmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not being gnawed | olkemirilmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not being gnawed | bizkemirilmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not being gnawed | sizkemirilmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not being gnawed | alakemirilmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not being gnawed |
| Progressive — double negation | menkemirilmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not being gnawed? | senkemirilmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not being gnawed? | olkemirilmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not being gnawed? | bizkemirilmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not being gnawed? | sizkemirilmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not being gnawed? | alakemirilmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not being gnawed? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menkemirilgen bolmazmaI can't have been gnawed | senkemirilgen bolmazsayou can't have been gnawed | olkemirilgen bolmazhe can't have been gnawed | bizkemirilgen bolmazbızwe can't have been gnawed | sizkemirilgen bolmazsızyou all can't have been gnawed | alakemirilgen bolmazlathey can't have been gnawed |
| Inference — double negation | menkemirilmegen bolmazmaI must have been gnawed (emphatic) | senkemirilmegen bolmazsayou must have been gnawed (emphatic) | olkemirilmegen bolmazhe must have been gnawed (emphatic) | bizkemirilmegen bolmazbızwe must have been gnawed (emphatic) | sizkemirilmegen bolmazsızyou all must have been gnawed (emphatic) | alakemirilmegen bolmazlathey must have been gnawed (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menkemirilgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had been gnawed | senkemirilgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had been gnawed | olkemirilgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had been gnawed | bizkemirilgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had been gnawed | sizkemirilgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had been gnawed | alakemirilgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had been gnawed |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menkemirilmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't been gnawed | senkemirilmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't been gnawed | olkemirilmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't been gnawed | bizkemirilmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't been gnawed | sizkemirilmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't been gnawed | alakemirilmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't been gnawed |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menkemirillik bolmazmaI can't be going to be gnawed | senkemirillik bolmazsayou can't be going to be gnawed | olkemirillik bolmazhe can't be going to be gnawed | bizkemirillik bolmazbızwe can't be going to be gnawed | sizkemirillik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to be gnawed | alakemirillik bolmazlathey can't be going to be gnawed |
| Inference, future — double negation | menkemirilmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to be gnawed (emphatic) | senkemirilmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to be gnawed (emphatic) | olkemirilmezlik bolmazhe must be going to be gnawed (emphatic) | bizkemirilmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to be gnawed (emphatic) | sizkemirilmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to be gnawed (emphatic) | alakemirilmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to be gnawed (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menkemirillik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to be gnawed | senkemirillik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to be gnawed | olkemirillik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to be gnawed | bizkemirillik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to be gnawed | sizkemirillik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to be gnawed | alakemirillik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to be gnawed |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menkemirilmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to be gnawed | senkemirilmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to be gnawed | olkemirilmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to be gnawed | bizkemirilmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to be gnawed | sizkemirilmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to be gnawed | alakemirilmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to be gnawed |