kögüztürge
/køɡyztyrɡe/
1. show, demonstrate, display — A variant of körgüzürge. one source
- suratnı kögüztürge — to show the picture
- jaŋı kitabnı kögüztdü — he showed the new book
- suratnı menŋe kögüztdüŋ — you showed me the picture
- küçün kögüztdü — he displayed his strength
2. point out, draw attention to one source
- jolnu kögüztdü — he pointed out the way
- ol menŋe jolnu kögüztedi — he points out the way to me
- bizge elni kögüztdü — he pointed the village out to us
- halatnı kögüztdüle — they pointed out the mistake
3. prove, bear witness to no dictionary source
- kertisin kögüztdü — he proved the truth of it
- iş anı kögüztedi — the work bears witness to it
- bu hapar anı kögüztgendi — this account has proved it
Conjugation
Common forms
- kögüztedihe is showing
- kögüztdühe showed
- kögüztgendihe has shown
- kögüztürhe will show
- kögüztürükdühe is going to show
- kögüzte edihe was showing
- kögüztseif he shows
- kögüzt!show!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkögüztemeI am showing | senkögüzteseyou are showing | olkögüztedihe is showing | bizkögüztebizwe are showing | sizkögüztesizyou all are showing | alakögüztedilethey are showing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkögüztmeymeI am not showing | senkögüztmeyseyou are not showing | olkögüztmeydihe is not showing | bizkögüztmeybizwe are not showing | sizkögüztmeysizyou all are not showing | alakögüztmeydilethey are not showing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkögüztememi? kögüztemime?am I showing? | senkögüztemise?are you showing? | olkögüztemidi?is he showing? | bizkögüztebizmi? kögüztemibiz?are we showing? | sizkögüztemisiz?are you all showing? | alakögüztemidile?are they showing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menkögüztmeymemi? kögüztmeymime?aren't I showing? | senkögüztmeymise?aren't you showing? | olkögüztmeymidi?isn't he showing? | bizkögüztmeybizmi? kögüztmeymibiz?aren't we showing? | sizkögüztmeymisiz?aren't you all showing? | alakögüztmeymidile?aren't they showing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkögüztüwçenmeI usually show | senkögüztüwçenseyou usually show | olkögüztüwçendihe usually shows | bizkögüztüwçenbizwe usually show | sizkögüztüwçensizyou all usually show | alakögüztüwçendilethey usually show |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkögüztmewçenmeI usually don't show | senkögüztmewçenseyou usually don't show | olkögüztmewçendihe usually doesn't show | bizkögüztmewçenbizwe usually don't show | sizkögüztmewçensizyou all usually don't show | alakögüztmewçendilethey usually don't show |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkögüztüwçenmemi? kögüztüwçenmime?do I usually show? | senkögüztüwçenmise?do you usually show? | olkögüztüwçenmidi?does he usually show? | bizkögüztüwçenbizmi? kögüztüwçenmibiz?do we usually show? | sizkögüztüwçenmisiz?do you all usually show? | alakögüztüwçenmidile?do they usually show? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menkögüztmewçenmemi? kögüztmewçenmime?do I usually not show? | senkögüztmewçenmise?do you usually not show? | olkögüztmewçenmidi?does he usually not show? | bizkögüztmewçenbizmi? kögüztmewçenmibiz?do we usually not show? | sizkögüztmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not show? | alakögüztmewçenmidile?do they usually not show? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olkögüztübdühe has shown and remains so | alakögüztübdülethey have shown and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olkögüztübmüdü?has he shown? | alakögüztübmüdüle?have they shown? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkögüztüb turamaI keep showing | senkögüztüb turasayou keep showing | olkögüztüb turadıhe keeps showing | bizkögüztüb turabızwe keep showing | sizkögüztüb turasızyou all keep showing | alakögüztüb turadılathey keep showing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkögüztüb turmaymaI don't keep showing | senkögüztüb turmaysayou don't keep showing | olkögüztüb turmaydıhe doesn't keep showing | bizkögüztüb turmaybızwe don't keep showing | sizkögüztüb turmaysızyou all don't keep showing | alakögüztüb turmaydılathey don't keep showing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkögüztüb turamamı? kögüztüb turamıma?do I keep showing? | senkögüztüb turamısa?do you keep showing? | olkögüztüb turamıdı?does he keep showing? | bizkögüztüb turabızmı? kögüztüb turamıbız?do we keep showing? | sizkögüztüb turamısız?do you all keep showing? | alakögüztüb turamıdıla?do they keep showing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menkögüztüb turmaymamı? kögüztüb turmaymıma?don't I keep showing? | senkögüztüb turmaymısa?don't you keep showing? | olkögüztüb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep showing? | bizkögüztüb turmaybızmı? kögüztüb turmaymıbız?don't we keep showing? | sizkögüztüb turmaymısız?don't you all keep showing? | alakögüztüb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep showing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkögüzte turamaI am in the middle of showing | senkögüzte turasayou are in the middle of showing | olkögüzte turadıhe is in the middle of showing | bizkögüzte turabızwe are in the middle of showing | sizkögüzte turasızyou all are in the middle of showing | alakögüzte turadılathey are in the middle of showing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkögüzte turmaymaI am not in the middle of showing | senkögüzte turmaysayou are not in the middle of showing | olkögüzte turmaydıhe is not in the middle of showing | bizkögüzte turmaybızwe are not in the middle of showing | sizkögüzte turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of showing | alakögüzte turmaydılathey are not in the middle of showing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkögüzte turamamı? kögüzte turamıma?am I in the middle of showing? | senkögüzte turamısa?are you in the middle of showing? | olkögüzte turamıdı?is he in the middle of showing? | bizkögüzte turabızmı? kögüzte turamıbız?are we in the middle of showing? | sizkögüzte turamısız?are you all in the middle of showing? | alakögüzte turamıdıla?are they in the middle of showing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menkögüzte turmaymamı? kögüzte turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of showing? | senkögüzte turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of showing? | olkögüzte turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of showing? | bizkögüzte turmaybızmı? kögüzte turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of showing? | sizkögüzte turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of showing? | alakögüzte turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of showing? |
| Simple past (definite) | menkögüztdümI showed | senkögüztdüŋyou showed | olkögüztdühe showed | bizkögüztdükwe showed | sizkögüztdügüzyou all showed | alakögüztdülethey showed |
| Simple past (definite) | menkögüztmedimI didn't show | senkögüztmediŋyou didn't show | olkögüztmedihe didn't show | bizkögüztmedikwe didn't show | sizkögüztmedigizyou all didn't show | alakögüztmedilethey didn't show |
| Simple past (definite) | menkögüztdümmü?did I show? | senkögüztdüŋmü?did you show? | olkögüztdümü?did he show? | bizkögüztdükmü?did we show? | sizkögüztdügüzmü?did you all show? | alakögüztdülemi?did they show? |
| Simple past (definite) | menkögüztmedimmi?didn't I show? | senkögüztmediŋmi?didn't you show? | olkögüztmedimi?didn't he show? | bizkögüztmedikmi?didn't we show? | sizkögüztmedigizmi?didn't you all show? | alakögüztmedilemi?didn't they show? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkögüztgenmeI have shown | senkögüztgenseyou have shown | olkögüztgendihe has shown | bizkögüztgenbizwe have shown | sizkögüztgensizyou all have shown | alakögüztgendilethey have shown |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkögüztmegenmeI haven't shown | senkögüztmegenseyou haven't shown | olkögüztmegendihe hasn't shown | bizkögüztmegenbizwe haven't shown | sizkögüztmegensizyou all haven't shown | alakögüztmegendilethey haven't shown |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkögüztgenmemi? kögüztgenmime?have I shown? | senkögüztgenmise?have you shown? | olkögüztgenmidi?has he shown? | bizkögüztgenbizmi? kögüztgenmibiz?have we shown? | sizkögüztgenmisiz?have you all shown? | alakögüztgenmidile?have they shown? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menkögüztmegenmemi? kögüztmegenmime?haven't I shown? | senkögüztmegenmise?haven't you shown? | olkögüztmegenmidi?hasn't he shown? | bizkögüztmegenbizmi? kögüztmegenmibiz?haven't we shown? | sizkögüztmegenmisiz?haven't you all shown? | alakögüztmegenmidile?haven't they shown? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menkögüztüb turdumI kept showing | senkögüztüb turduŋyou kept showing | olkögüztüb turduhe kept showing | bizkögüztüb turduqwe kept showing | sizkögüztüb turduğuzyou all kept showing | alakögüztüb turdulathey kept showing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menkögüztüb turmadımI didn't keep showing | senkögüztüb turmadıŋyou didn't keep showing | olkögüztüb turmadıhe didn't keep showing | bizkögüztüb turmadıqwe didn't keep showing | sizkögüztüb turmadığızyou all didn't keep showing | alakögüztüb turmadılathey didn't keep showing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkögüztürmeI will show | senkögüztürseyou will show | olkögüztürhe will show | bizkögüztürbüzwe will show | sizkögüztürsüzyou all will show | alakögüztürlethey will show |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkögüztmezmeI won't show | senkögüztmezseyou won't show | olkögüztmezhe won't show | bizkögüztmezbizwe won't show | sizkögüztmezsizyou all won't show | alakögüztmezlethey won't show |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkögüztürmemi? kögüztürmüme?will I show? | senkögüztürmüse?will you show? | olkögüztürmü?will he show? | bizkögüztürbüzmü? kögüztürmübüz?will we show? | sizkögüztürmüsüz?will you all show? | alakögüztürlemi? kögüztürmüle?will they show? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menkögüztmezmemi? kögüztmezmime?won't I show? | senkögüztmezmise?won't you show? | olkögüztmezmi?won't he show? | bizkögüztmezbizmi? kögüztmezmibiz?won't we show? | sizkögüztmezmisiz?won't you all show? | alakögüztmezlemi? kögüztmezmile?won't they show? |
| Definite future (future II) | menkögüztürükmeI am going to show | senkögüztürükseyou are going to show | olkögüztürükdühe is going to show | bizkögüztürükbüzwe are going to show | sizkögüztürüksüzyou all are going to show | alakögüztürükdülethey are going to show |
| Definite future (future II) | menkögüztürük tülmeI am not going to show | senkögüztürük tülseyou are not going to show | olkögüztürük tüldühe is not going to show | bizkögüztürük tülbüzwe are not going to show | sizkögüztürük tülsüzyou all are not going to show | alakögüztürük tüldülethey are not going to show |
| Definite future (future II) | menkögüztürükmemi? kögüztürükmüme?am I going to show? | senkögüztürükmüse?are you going to show? | olkögüztürükmüdü?is he going to show? | bizkögüztürükbüzmü? kögüztürükmübüz?are we going to show? | sizkögüztürükmüsüz?are you all going to show? | alakögüztürükmüdüle?are they going to show? |
| Definite future (future II) | menkögüztürük tülmüme?aren't I going to show? | senkögüztürük tülmüse?aren't you going to show? | olkögüztürük tülmüdü?isn't he going to show? | bizkögüztürük tülmübüz?aren't we going to show? | sizkögüztürük tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to show? | alakögüztürük tülmüdüle?aren't they going to show? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menkögüztgen edimkögüztgenemI had shown | senkögüztgen ediŋkögüztgeneŋyou had shown | olkögüztgen edikögüztgenedhe had shown | bizkögüztgen edikkögüztgenekwe had shown | sizkögüztgen edigizkögüztgenegizyou all had shown | alakögüztgen edilekögüztgenellethey had shown |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menkögüztmegen edimkögüztmegenemI hadn't shown | senkögüztmegen ediŋkögüztmegeneŋyou hadn't shown | olkögüztmegen edikögüztmegenedhe hadn't shown | bizkögüztmegen edikkögüztmegenekwe hadn't shown | sizkögüztmegen edigizkögüztmegenegizyou all hadn't shown | alakögüztmegen edilekögüztmegenellethey hadn't shown |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menkögüzte edimkögüztemI was showing | senkögüzte ediŋkögüzteŋyou were showing | olkögüzte edikögüztedhe was showing | bizkögüzte edikkögüztekwe were showing | sizkögüzte edigizkögüztegizyou all were showing | alakögüzte edilekögüztellethey were showing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menkögüztmey edimkögüztmeyemI wasn't showing | senkögüztmey ediŋkögüztmeyeŋyou weren't showing | olkögüztmey edikögüztmeyedhe wasn't showing | bizkögüztmey edikkögüztmeyekwe weren't showing | sizkögüztmey edigizkögüztmeyegizyou all weren't showing | alakögüztmey edilekögüztmeyellethey weren't showing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menkögüztüwçen edimkögüztüwçenemI used to show | senkögüztüwçen ediŋkögüztüwçeneŋyou used to show | olkögüztüwçen edikögüztüwçenedhe used to show | bizkögüztüwçen edikkögüztüwçenekwe used to show | sizkögüztüwçen edigizkögüztüwçenegizyou all used to show | alakögüztüwçen edilekögüztüwçenellethey used to show |
| Habitual past (used to) | menkögüztmewçen edimkögüztmewçenemI didn't use to show | senkögüztmewçen ediŋkögüztmewçeneŋyou didn't use to show | olkögüztmewçen edikögüztmewçenedhe didn't use to show | bizkögüztmewçen edikkögüztmewçenekwe didn't use to show | sizkögüztmewçen edigizkögüztmewçenegizyou all didn't use to show | alakögüztmewçen edilekögüztmewçenellethey didn't use to show |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olkögüztüb edihe had shown and remained so | alakögüztüb edilethey had shown and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olkögüztüb tül edihe hadn't shown | alakögüztüb tül edilethey hadn't shown | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menkögüztüb tura edimkögüztüb turaemI had kept showing | senkögüztüb tura ediŋkögüztüb turaeŋyou had kept showing | olkögüztüb tura edikögüztüb turaedhe had kept showing | bizkögüztüb tura edikkögüztüb turaekwe had kept showing | sizkögüztüb tura edigizkögüztüb turaegizyou all had kept showing | alakögüztüb tura edilekögüztüb turaellethey had kept showing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menkögüztüb turmay edimkögüztüb turmayemI hadn't kept showing | senkögüztüb turmay ediŋkögüztüb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept showing | olkögüztüb turmay edikögüztüb turmayedhe hadn't kept showing | bizkögüztüb turmay edikkögüztüb turmayekwe hadn't kept showing | sizkögüztüb turmay edigizkögüztüb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept showing | alakögüztüb turmay edilekögüztüb turmayellethey hadn't kept showing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menkögüzte tura edimkögüzte turaemI was in the middle of showing | senkögüzte tura ediŋkögüzte turaeŋyou were in the middle of showing | olkögüzte tura edikögüzte turaedhe was in the middle of showing | bizkögüzte tura edikkögüzte turaekwe were in the middle of showing | sizkögüzte tura edigizkögüzte turaegizyou all were in the middle of showing | alakögüzte tura edilekögüzte turaellethey were in the middle of showing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menkögüzte turmay edimkögüzte turmayemI wasn't in the middle of showing | senkögüzte turmay ediŋkögüzte turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of showing | olkögüzte turmay edikögüzte turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of showing | bizkögüzte turmay edikkögüzte turmayekwe weren't in the middle of showing | sizkögüzte turmay edigizkögüzte turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of showing | alakögüzte turmay edilekögüzte turmayellethey weren't in the middle of showing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menkögüztür edimkögüztür emI would show | senkögüztür ediŋkögüztür eŋyou would show | olkögüztür edikögüztür edhe would show | bizkögüztür edikkögüztür ekwe would show | sizkögüztür edigizkögüztür egizyou all would show | alakögüztür edilekögüztür ellethey would show |
| Conditional result (would) | menkögüztmez edimkögüztmez emI wouldn't show | senkögüztmez ediŋkögüztmez eŋyou wouldn't show | olkögüztmez edikögüztmez edhe wouldn't show | bizkögüztmez edikkögüztmez ekwe wouldn't show | sizkögüztmez edigizkögüztmez egizyou all wouldn't show | alakögüztmez edilekögüztmez ellethey wouldn't show |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menkögüztürük edimkögüztürük emI would have shown | senkögüztürük ediŋkögüztürük eŋyou would have shown | olkögüztürük edikögüztürük edhe would have shown | bizkögüztürük edikkögüztürük ekwe would have shown | sizkögüztürük edigizkögüztürük egizyou all would have shown | alakögüztürük edilekögüztürük ellethey would have shown |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menkögüztürük tül edimkögüztürük tül emI wouldn't have shown | senkögüztürük tül ediŋkögüztürük tül eŋyou wouldn't have shown | olkögüztürük tül edikögüztürük tül edhe wouldn't have shown | bizkögüztürük tül edikkögüztürük tül ekwe wouldn't have shown | sizkögüztürük tül edigizkögüztürük tül egizyou all wouldn't have shown | alakögüztürük tül edilekögüztürük tül ellethey wouldn't have shown |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menkögüztsemif I show | senkögüztseŋif you show | olkögüztseif he shows | bizkögüztsekif we show | sizkögüztsegizif you all show | alakögüztseleif they show |
| Conditional | menkögüztmesemif I don't show | senkögüztmeseŋif you don't show | olkögüztmeseif he doesn't show | bizkögüztmesekif we don't show | sizkögüztmesegizif you all don't show | alakögüztmeseleif they don't show |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menkögüzte esemif I am showing | senkögüzte eseŋif you are showing | olkögüzte eseif he is showing | bizkögüzte esekif we are showing | sizkögüzte esegizif you all are showing | alakögüzte eseleif they are showing |
| Conditional, present real | menkögüztmey esemif I am not showing | senkögüztmey eseŋif you are not showing | olkögüztmey eseif he is not showing | bizkögüztmey esekif we are not showing | sizkögüztmey esegizif you all are not showing | alakögüztmey eseleif they are not showing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menkögüztsem edikögüztsem edif only I showed | senkögüztseŋ edikögüztseŋ edif only you showed | olkögüztse edikögüztsedif only he showed | bizkögüztsek edikögüztsek edif only we showed | sizkögüztsegiz edikögüztsegiz edif only you all showed | alakögüztsele edikögüztseledif only they showed |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menkögüztmesem edikögüztmesem edif only I didn't show | senkögüztmeseŋ edikögüztmeseŋ edif only you didn't show | olkögüztmese edikögüztmesedif only he didn't show | bizkögüztmesek edikögüztmesek edif only we didn't show | sizkögüztmesegiz edikögüztmesegiz edif only you all didn't show | alakögüztmesele edikögüztmeseledif only they didn't show |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menkögüztüb tursamif I carry on showing | senkögüztüb tursaŋif you carry on showing | olkögüztüb tursaif he carries on showing | bizkögüztüb tursaqif we carry on showing | sizkögüztüb tursağızif you all carry on showing | alakögüztüb tursalaif they carry on showing |
| Durative conditional | menkögüztüb turmasamif I don't carry on showing | senkögüztüb turmasaŋif you don't carry on showing | olkögüztüb turmasaif he doesn't carry on showing | bizkögüztüb turmasaqif we don't carry on showing | sizkögüztüb turmasağızif you all don't carry on showing | alakögüztüb turmasalaif they don't carry on showing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menkögüztüb tura esemif I have kept showing | senkögüztüb tura eseŋif you have kept showing | olkögüztüb tura eseif he has kept showing | bizkögüztüb tura esekif we have kept showing | sizkögüztüb tura esegizif you all have kept showing | alakögüztüb tura eseleif they have kept showing |
| Durative conditional, present real | menkögüztüb turmay esemif I haven't kept showing | senkögüztüb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept showing | olkögüztüb turmay eseif he hasn't kept showing | bizkögüztüb turmay esekif we haven't kept showing | sizkögüztüb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept showing | alakögüztüb turmay eseleif they haven't kept showing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menkögüzte tursamif I keep showing | senkögüzte tursaŋif you keep showing | olkögüzte tursaif he keeps showing | bizkögüzte tursaqif we keep showing | sizkögüzte tursağızif you all keep showing | alakögüzte tursalaif they keep showing |
| Progressive conditional | menkögüztmey tursamif I keep on not showing | senkögüztmey tursaŋif you keep on not showing | olkögüztmey tursaif he keeps on not showing | bizkögüztmey tursaqif we keep on not showing | sizkögüztmey tursağızif you all keep on not showing | alakögüztmey tursalaif they keep on not showing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menkögüzte tura esemif I am in the middle of showing | senkögüzte tura eseŋif you are in the middle of showing | olkögüzte tura eseif he is in the middle of showing | bizkögüzte tura esekif we are in the middle of showing | sizkögüzte tura esegizif you all are in the middle of showing | alakögüzte tura eseleif they are in the middle of showing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menkögüztmey tura esemif I keep on not showing | senkögüztmey tura eseŋif you keep on not showing | olkögüztmey tura eseif he keeps on not showing | bizkögüztmey tura esekif we keep on not showing | sizkögüztmey tura esegizif you all keep on not showing | alakögüztmey tura eseleif they keep on not showing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menkögüztdüm esemif I showed | senkögüztdüŋ eseŋif you showed | olkögüztdü eseif he showed | bizkögüztdük esekif we showed | sizkögüztdügüz esegizif you all showed | alakögüztdüle eseleif they showed |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menkögüztmedim esemif I didn't show | senkögüztmediŋ eseŋif you didn't show | olkögüztmedi eseif he didn't show | bizkögüztmedik esekif we didn't show | sizkögüztmedigiz esegizif you all didn't show | alakögüztmedile eseleif they didn't show |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menkögüztgen esemif I did show (indeed) | senkögüztgen eseŋif you did show (indeed) | olkögüztgen eseif he did show (indeed) | bizkögüztgen esekif we did show (indeed) | sizkögüztgen esegizif you all did show (indeed) | alakögüztgen eseleif they did show (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menkögüztmegen esemif I didn't show (indeed) | senkögüztmegen eseŋif you didn't show (indeed) | olkögüztmegen eseif he didn't show (indeed) | bizkögüztmegen esekif we didn't show (indeed) | sizkögüztmegen esegizif you all didn't show (indeed) | alakögüztmegen eseleif they didn't show (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menkögüztgen bolsamif I had shown | senkögüztgen bolsaŋif you had shown | olkögüztgen bolsaif he had shown | bizkögüztgen bolsaqif we had shown | sizkögüztgen bolsağızif you all had shown | alakögüztgen bolsalaif they had shown |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menkögüztmegen bolsamif I hadn't shown | senkögüztmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't shown | olkögüztmegen bolsaif he hadn't shown | bizkögüztmegen bolsaqif we hadn't shown | sizkögüztmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't shown | alakögüztmegen bolsalaif they hadn't shown |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menkögüztgen bolsam edikögüztgen bolsam edif only I had shown | senkögüztgen bolsaŋ edikögüztgen bolsaŋ edif only you had shown | olkögüztgen bolsa edikögüztgen bolsaedif only he had shown | bizkögüztgen bolsaq edikögüztgen bolsaq edif only we had shown | sizkögüztgen bolsağız edikögüztgen bolsağız edif only you all had shown | alakögüztgen bolsala edikögüztgen bolsalaedif only they had shown |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menkögüztmegen bolsam edikögüztmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't shown | senkögüztmegen bolsaŋ edikögüztmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't shown | olkögüztmegen bolsa edikögüztmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't shown | bizkögüztmegen bolsaq edikögüztmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't shown | sizkögüztmegen bolsağız edikögüztmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't shown | alakögüztmegen bolsala edikögüztmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't shown |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menkögüztür esemif I will show | senkögüztür eseŋif you will show | olkögüztür eseif he will show | bizkögüztür esekif we will show | sizkögüztür esegizif you all will show | alakögüztür eseleif they will show |
| Conditional, aorist | menkögüztmez esemif I won't show | senkögüztmez eseŋif you won't show | olkögüztmez eseif he won't show | bizkögüztmez esekif we won't show | sizkögüztmez esegizif you all won't show | alakögüztmez eseleif they won't show |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menkögüztürük esemif I am going to show | senkögüztürük eseŋif you are going to show | olkögüztürük eseif he is going to show | bizkögüztürük esekif we are going to show | sizkögüztürük esegizif you all are going to show | alakögüztürük eseleif they are going to show |
| Conditional, future | menkögüztürük tül esemif I am not going to show | senkögüztürük tül eseŋif you are not going to show | olkögüztürük tül eseif he is not going to show | bizkögüztürük tül esekif we are not going to show | sizkögüztürük tül esegizif you all are not going to show | alakögüztürük tül eseleif they are not going to show |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menkögüztürük bolsamif I were going to show | senkögüztürük bolsaŋif you were going to show | olkögüztürük bolsaif he were going to show | bizkögüztürük bolsaqif we were going to show | sizkögüztürük bolsağızif you all were going to show | alakögüztürük bolsalaif they were going to show |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menkögüztmezlik bolsamif I were not going to show | senkögüztmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to show | olkögüztmezlik bolsaif he were not going to show | bizkögüztmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to show | sizkögüztmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to show | alakögüztmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to show |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso kögüztdüŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menkögüzte bolurmaI must be showing | senkögüzte bolursayou must be showing | olkögüzte bolurhe must be showing | bizkögüzte bolurbuzwe must be showing | sizkögüzte bolursuzyou all must be showing | alakögüzte bolurlathey must be showing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menkögüztmey bolurmaI must not be showing | senkögüztmey bolursayou must not be showing | olkögüztmey bolurhe must not be showing | bizkögüztmey bolurbuzwe must not be showing | sizkögüztmey bolursuzyou all must not be showing | alakögüztmey bolurlathey must not be showing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menkögüzte tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of showing | senkögüzte tura bolursayou must be in the middle of showing | olkögüzte tura bolurhe must be in the middle of showing | bizkögüzte tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of showing | sizkögüzte tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of showing | alakögüzte tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of showing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menkögüztmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not showing | senkögüztmey tura bolursayou must keep on not showing | olkögüztmey tura bolurhe must keep on not showing | bizkögüztmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not showing | sizkögüztmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not showing | alakögüztmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not showing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menkögüztgen bolurmaI must have shown | senkögüztgen bolursayou must have shown | olkögüztgen bolurhe must have shown | bizkögüztgen bolurbuzwe must have shown | sizkögüztgen bolursuzyou all must have shown | alakögüztgen bolurlathey must have shown |
| Inference (must have) | menkögüztmegen bolurmaI must not have shown | senkögüztmegen bolursayou must not have shown | olkögüztmegen bolurhe must not have shown | bizkögüztmegen bolurbuzwe must not have shown | sizkögüztmegen bolursuzyou all must not have shown | alakögüztmegen bolurlathey must not have shown |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menkögüztürük bolurmaI must be going to show | senkögüztürük bolursayou must be going to show | olkögüztürük bolurhe must be going to show | bizkögüztürük bolurbuzwe must be going to show | sizkögüztürük bolursuzyou all must be going to show | alakögüztürük bolurlathey must be going to show |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menkögüztmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to show | senkögüztmezlik bolursayou must not be going to show | olkögüztmezlik bolurhe must not be going to show | bizkögüztmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to show | sizkögüztmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to show | alakögüztmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to show |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menkögüzteyimlet me show | senkögüzt!show! | olkögüztsünlet him show | bizkögüzteyiklet's show | sizkögüztügüz!show, you all! | alakögüztsünlelet them show |
| Commands & suggestions | menkögüztmeyimlet me not show | senkögüztme!don't show! | olkögüztmesinlet him not show | bizkögüztmeyiklet's not show | sizkögüztmegiz!don't show, you all! | alakögüztmesinlelet them not show |
| Commands & suggestions | menkögüzteyimmi?shall I show? | olkögüztsünmü?should he show? | bizkögüzteyikmi?shall we show? | alakögüztsünlemi?should they show? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menkögüztmeyimmi?shall I not show? | olkögüztmesinmi?should he not show? | bizkögüztmeyikmi?shall we not show? | alakögüztmesinlemi?should they not show? | ||
| Requests | senkögüztçü2kögüztçünplease show | olkögüztsünçüdo let him show | sizkögüztçügüzplease show (plural/polite) | alakögüztsünleçido let them show | ||
| Requests | senkögüztmeçi2kögüztmeçinplease don't show | olkögüztmesinçido let him not show | sizkögüztmeçigizplease don't show (plural/polite) | alakögüztmesinleçido let them not show | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senkögüztgünkögüztgümay you show | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senkögüztmeginkögüztmegimay you not show | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menkögüztgey edim kögüztge edimwould that I showed | senkögüztgey ediŋ kögüztge ediŋwould that you showed | olkögüztgey edi kögüztge ediwould that he showed | bizkögüztgey edik kögüztge edikwould that we showed | sizkögüztgey edigiz kögüztge edigizwould that you all showed | alakögüztgey edile kögüztge edilewould that they showed |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menkögüztmegey edim kögüztmege edimwould that I did not show | senkögüztmegey ediŋ kögüztmege ediŋwould that you did not show | olkögüztmegey edi kögüztmege ediwould that he did not show | bizkögüztmegey edik kögüztmege edikwould that we did not show | sizkögüztmegey edigiz kögüztmege edigizwould that you all did not show | alakögüztmegey edile kögüztmege edilewould that they did not show |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menkögüztmege qoyayımkögüztme qoyayımlet me allow someone to show | senkögüztmege qoy!kögüztme qoy!let someone show! | olkögüztmege qoysunkögüztme qoysunlet him allow someone to show | bizkögüztmege qoyayıqkögüztme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to show | sizkögüztmege qoyuğuz!kögüztme qoyuğuz!let someone show, you all! | alakögüztmege qoysunlakögüztme qoysunlalet them allow someone to show |
| Let someone… (commands) | menkögüztmege qoymayımkögüztme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to show | senkögüztmege qoyma!kögüztme qoyma!don't let someone show! | olkögüztmege qoymasınkögüztme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to show | bizkögüztmege qoymayıqkögüztme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to show | sizkögüztmege qoymağız!kögüztme qoymağız!don't let someone show, you all! | alakögüztmege qoymasınlakögüztme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to show |
| Let someone… (commands) | menkögüztmege qoyayımmı?kögüztme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to show? | olkögüztmege qoysunmu?kögüztme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to show? | bizkögüztmege qoyayıqmı?kögüztme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to show? | alakögüztmege qoysunlamı?kögüztme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to show? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menkögüztmege qoymayımmı?kögüztme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to show? | olkögüztmege qoymasınmı?kögüztme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to show? | bizkögüztmege qoymayıqmı?kögüztme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to show? | alakögüztmege qoymasınlamı?kögüztme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to show? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menkögüztmege qoyamakögüztme qoyamaI allow someone to show | senkögüztmege qoyasakögüztme qoyasayou allow someone to show | olkögüztmege qoyadıkögüztme qoyadıhe allows someone to show | bizkögüztmege qoyabızkögüztme qoyabızwe allow someone to show | sizkögüztmege qoyasızkögüztme qoyasızyou all allow someone to show | alakögüztmege qoyadılakögüztme qoyadılathey allow someone to show |
| Let someone… (present) | menkögüztmege qoymaymakögüztme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to show | senkögüztmege qoymaysakögüztme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to show | olkögüztmege qoymaydıkögüztme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to show | bizkögüztmege qoymaybızkögüztme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to show | sizkögüztmege qoymaysızkögüztme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to show | alakögüztmege qoymaydılakögüztme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to show |
| Let someone… (present) | menkögüztmege qoyamamı?kögüztme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to show? | senkögüztmege qoyamısa?kögüztme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to show? | olkögüztmege qoyamıdı?kögüztme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to show? | bizkögüztmege qoyabızmı?kögüztme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to show? | sizkögüztmege qoyamısız?kögüztme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to show? | alakögüztmege qoyamıdıla?kögüztme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to show? |
| Let someone… (present) | menkögüztmege qoymaymamı?kögüztme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to show? | senkögüztmege qoymaymısa?kögüztme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to show? | olkögüztmege qoymaymıdı?kögüztme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to show? | bizkögüztmege qoymaybızmı?kögüztme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to show? | sizkögüztmege qoymaymısız?kögüztme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to show? | alakögüztmege qoymaymıdıla?kögüztme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to show? |
| Let someone… (past) | menkögüztmege qoydumkögüztme qoydumI allowed someone to show | senkögüztmege qoyduŋkögüztme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to show | olkögüztmege qoydukögüztme qoyduhe allowed someone to show | bizkögüztmege qoyduqkögüztme qoyduqwe allowed someone to show | sizkögüztmege qoyduğuzkögüztme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to show | alakögüztmege qoydulakögüztme qoydulathey allowed someone to show |
| Let someone… (past) | menkögüztmege qoymadımkögüztme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to show | senkögüztmege qoymadıŋkögüztme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to show | olkögüztmege qoymadıkögüztme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to show | bizkögüztmege qoymadıqkögüztme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to show | sizkögüztmege qoymadığızkögüztme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to show | alakögüztmege qoymadılakögüztme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to show |
| Let someone… (past) | menkögüztmege qoydummu?kögüztme qoydummu?did I allow someone to show? | senkögüztmege qoyduŋmu?kögüztme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to show? | olkögüztmege qoydumu?kögüztme qoydumu?did he allow someone to show? | bizkögüztmege qoyduqmu?kögüztme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to show? | sizkögüztmege qoyduğuzmu?kögüztme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to show? | alakögüztmege qoydulamı?kögüztme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to show? |
| Let someone… (past) | menkögüztmege qoymadımmı?kögüztme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to show? | senkögüztmege qoymadıŋmı?kögüztme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to show? | olkögüztmege qoymadımı?kögüztme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to show? | bizkögüztmege qoymadıqmı?kögüztme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to show? | sizkögüztmege qoymadığızmı?kögüztme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to show? | alakögüztmege qoymadılamı?kögüztme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to show? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
kögüztalırğa be able to show · kögüztalmazğa be unable to show
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menkögüztalamaI can show | senkögüztalasayou can show | olkögüztaladıhe can show | bizkögüztalabızwe can show | sizkögüztalasızyou all can show | alakögüztaladılathey can show |
| Ability — present | menkögüztalmaymaI can't show | senkögüztalmaysayou can't show | olkögüztalmaydıhe can't show | bizkögüztalmaybızwe can't show | sizkögüztalmaysızyou all can't show | alakögüztalmaydılathey can't show |
| Ability — present | menkögüztalamamı? kögüztalamıma?can I show? | senkögüztalamısa?can you show? | olkögüztalamıdı?can he show? | bizkögüztalabızmı? kögüztalamıbız?can we show? | sizkögüztalamısız?can you all show? | alakögüztalamıdıla?can they show? |
| Ability — present | menkögüztalmaymamı? kögüztalmaymıma?can't I show? | senkögüztalmaymısa?can't you show? | olkögüztalmaymıdı?can't he show? | bizkögüztalmaybızmı? kögüztalmaymıbız?can't we show? | sizkögüztalmaymısız?can't you all show? | alakögüztalmaymıdıla?can't they show? |
| Ability — if I can… | menkögüztalsamif I can show | senkögüztalsaŋif you can show | olkögüztalsaif he can show | bizkögüztalsaqif we can show | sizkögüztalsağızif you all can show | alakögüztalsalaif they can show |
| Ability — if I can… | menkögüztalmasamif I can't show | senkögüztalmasaŋif you can't show | olkögüztalmasaif he can't show | bizkögüztalmasaqif we can't show | sizkögüztalmasağızif you all can't show | alakögüztalmasalaif they can't show |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menkögüztaldımI was able to show | senkögüztaldıŋyou were able to show | olkögüztaldıhe was able to show | bizkögüztaldıqwe were able to show | sizkögüztaldığızyou all were able to show | alakögüztaldılathey were able to show |
| Ability — simple past | menkögüztalmadımI could not show | senkögüztalmadıŋyou could not show | olkögüztalmadıhe could not show | bizkögüztalmadıqwe could not show | sizkögüztalmadığızyou all could not show | alakögüztalmadılathey could not show |
| Ability — simple past | menkögüztaldımmı?was I able to show? | senkögüztaldıŋmı?were you able to show? | olkögüztaldımı?was he able to show? | bizkögüztaldıqmı?were we able to show? | sizkögüztaldığızmı?were you all able to show? | alakögüztaldılamı?were they able to show? |
| Ability — simple past | menkögüztalmadımmı?couldn't I show? | senkögüztalmadıŋmı?couldn't you show? | olkögüztalmadımı?couldn't he show? | bizkögüztalmadıqmı?couldn't we show? | sizkögüztalmadığızmı?couldn't you all show? | alakögüztalmadılamı?couldn't they show? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkögüztalğanmaI have been able to show | senkögüztalğansayou have been able to show | olkögüztalğandıhe has been able to show | bizkögüztalğanbızwe have been able to show | sizkögüztalğansızyou all have been able to show | alakögüztalğandılathey have been able to show |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkögüztalmağanmaI haven't been able to show | senkögüztalmağansayou haven't been able to show | olkögüztalmağandıhe hasn't been able to show | bizkögüztalmağanbızwe haven't been able to show | sizkögüztalmağansızyou all haven't been able to show | alakögüztalmağandılathey haven't been able to show |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkögüztalğanmamı? kögüztalğanmıma?have I been able to show? | senkögüztalğanmısa?have you been able to show? | olkögüztalğanmıdı?has he been able to show? | bizkögüztalğanbızmı? kögüztalğanmıbız?have we been able to show? | sizkögüztalğanmısız?have you all been able to show? | alakögüztalğanmıdıla?have they been able to show? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menkögüztalmağanmamı? kögüztalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to show? | senkögüztalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to show? | olkögüztalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to show? | bizkögüztalmağanbızmı? kögüztalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to show? | sizkögüztalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to show? | alakögüztalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to show? |
| Ability — past perfect | menkögüztalğan edimkögüztalğanemI had been able to show | senkögüztalğan ediŋkögüztalğaneŋyou had been able to show | olkögüztalğan edikögüztalğanedhe had been able to show | bizkögüztalğan edikkögüztalğanekwe had been able to show | sizkögüztalğan edigizkögüztalğanegizyou all had been able to show | alakögüztalğan edilekögüztalğanellethey had been able to show |
| Ability — past perfect | menkögüztalmağan edimkögüztalmağanemI hadn't been able to show | senkögüztalmağan ediŋkögüztalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to show | olkögüztalmağan edikögüztalmağanedhe hadn't been able to show | bizkögüztalmağan edikkögüztalmağanekwe hadn't been able to show | sizkögüztalmağan edigizkögüztalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to show | alakögüztalmağan edilekögüztalmağanellethey hadn't been able to show |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menkögüztala edimkögüztalaemI could show | senkögüztala ediŋkögüztalaeŋyou could show | olkögüztala edikögüztalaedhe could show | bizkögüztala edikkögüztalaekwe could show | sizkögüztala edigizkögüztalaegizyou all could show | alakögüztala edilekögüztalaellethey could show |
| Ability — past background | menkögüztalmay edimkögüztalmayemI could not show | senkögüztalmay ediŋkögüztalmayeŋyou could not show | olkögüztalmay edikögüztalmayedhe could not show | bizkögüztalmay edikkögüztalmayekwe could not show | sizkögüztalmay edigizkögüztalmayegizyou all could not show | alakögüztalmay edilekögüztalmayellethey could not show |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menkögüztalırmaI will be able to show | senkögüztalırsayou will be able to show | olkögüztalırhe will be able to show | bizkögüztalırbızwe will be able to show | sizkögüztalırsızyou all will be able to show | alakögüztalırlathey will be able to show |
| Ability — future I | menkögüztalmazmaI won't be able to show | senkögüztalmazsayou won't be able to show | olkögüztalmazhe won't be able to show | bizkögüztalmazbızwe won't be able to show | sizkögüztalmazsızyou all won't be able to show | alakögüztalmazlathey won't be able to show |
| Ability — future I | menkögüztalırmamı? kögüztalırmıma?will I be able to show? | senkögüztalırmısa?will you be able to show? | olkögüztalırmı?will he be able to show? | bizkögüztalırbızmı? kögüztalırmıbız?will we be able to show? | sizkögüztalırmısız?will you all be able to show? | alakögüztalırlamı? kögüztalırmıla?will they be able to show? |
| Ability — future I | menkögüztalmazmamı? kögüztalmazmıma?won't I be able to show? | senkögüztalmazmısa?won't you be able to show? | olkögüztalmazmı?won't he be able to show? | bizkögüztalmazbızmı? kögüztalmazmıbız?won't we be able to show? | sizkögüztalmazmısız?won't you all be able to show? | alakögüztalmazlamı? kögüztalmazmıla?won't they be able to show? |
| Ability — future II | menkögüztallıqmaI am going to be able to show | senkögüztallıqsayou are going to be able to show | olkögüztallıqdıhe is going to be able to show | bizkögüztallıqbızwe are going to be able to show | sizkögüztallıqsızyou all are going to be able to show | alakögüztallıqdılathey are going to be able to show |
| Ability — future II | menkögüztallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to show | senkögüztallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to show | olkögüztallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to show | bizkögüztallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to show | sizkögüztallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to show | alakögüztallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to show |
| Ability — future II | menkögüztallıqmamı? kögüztallıqmıma?am I going to be able to show? | senkögüztallıqmısa?are you going to be able to show? | olkögüztallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to show? | bizkögüztallıqbızmı? kögüztallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to show? | sizkögüztallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to show? | alakögüztallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to show? |
| Ability — future II | menkögüztallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to show? | senkögüztallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to show? | olkögüztallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to show? | bizkögüztallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to show? | sizkögüztallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to show? | alakögüztallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to show? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menkögüztalır edimkögüztalır emI would be able to show | senkögüztalır ediŋkögüztalır eŋyou would be able to show | olkögüztalır edikögüztalır edhe would be able to show | bizkögüztalır edikkögüztalır ekwe would be able to show | sizkögüztalır edigizkögüztalır egizyou all would be able to show | alakögüztalır edilekögüztalır ellethey would be able to show |
| Ability — would be able to… | menkögüztalmaz edimkögüztalmaz emI wouldn't be able to show | senkögüztalmaz ediŋkögüztalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to show | olkögüztalmaz edikögüztalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to show | bizkögüztalmaz edikkögüztalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to show | sizkögüztalmaz edigizkögüztalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to show | alakögüztalmaz edilekögüztalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to show |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senkögüztalğınkögüztalğımay you be able to show | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senkögüztalmağınkögüztalmağımay you not be able to show | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menkögüztürge izleymeI want to show | senkögüztürge izleyseyou want to show | olkögüztürge izleydihe wants to show | bizkögüztürge izleybizwe want to show | sizkögüztürge izleysizyou all want to show | alakögüztürge izleydilethey want to show |
| want to | menkögüztürge izlemeymeI do not want to show | senkögüztürge izlemeyseyou do not want to show | olkögüztürge izlemeydihe does not want to show | bizkögüztürge izlemeybizwe do not want to show | sizkögüztürge izlemeysizyou all do not want to show | alakögüztürge izlemeydilethey do not want to show |
| would like to | menkögüztürge süemeI would like to show | senkögüztürge süeseyou would like to show | olkögüztürge süedihe would like to show | bizkögüztürge süebizwe would like to show | sizkögüztürge süesizyou all would like to show | alakögüztürge süedilethey would like to show |
| would like to | menkögüztürge süymeymeI would not like to show | senkögüztürge süymeyseyou would not like to show | olkögüztürge süymeydihe would not like to show | bizkögüztürge süymeybizwe would not like to show | sizkögüztürge süymeysizyou all would not like to show | alakögüztürge süymeydilethey would not like to show |
| hope to | menkögüztürge umutlanamaI hope to show | senkögüztürge umutlanasayou hope to show | olkögüztürge umutlanadıhe hopes to show | bizkögüztürge umutlanabızwe hope to show | sizkögüztürge umutlanasızyou all hope to show | alakögüztürge umutlanadılathey hope to show |
| hope to | menkögüztürge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to show | senkögüztürge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to show | olkögüztürge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to show | bizkögüztürge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to show | sizkögüztürge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to show | alakögüztürge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to show |
| be about to | menkögüztürge deb turamaI am about to show | senkögüztürge deb turasayou are about to show | olkögüztürge deb turadıhe is about to show | bizkögüztürge deb turabızwe are about to show | sizkögüztürge deb turasızyou all are about to show | alakögüztürge deb turadılathey are about to show |
| be about to | menkögüztürge deb turmaymaI am not about to show | senkögüztürge deb turmaysayou are not about to show | olkögüztürge deb turmaydıhe is not about to show | bizkögüztürge deb turmaybızwe are not about to show | sizkögüztürge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to show | alakögüztürge deb turmaydılathey are not about to show |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menkögüztürge kerekmeI need to show | senkögüztürge kerekseyou need to show | olkögüztürge kerekdihe needs to show | bizkögüztürge kerekbizwe need to show | sizkögüztürge kereksizyou all need to show | alakögüztürge kerekdilethey need to show |
| need to | menkögüztürge kerek tülmeI do not need to show | senkögüztürge kerek tülseyou do not need to show | olkögüztürge kerek tüldühe does not need to show | bizkögüztürge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to show | sizkögüztürge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to show | alakögüztürge kerek tüldülethey do not need to show |
| have to | menmenŋe kögüztürge tüşediI have to show | sensenŋe kögüztürge tüşediyou have to show | olaŋa kögüztürge tüşedihe has to show | bizbizge kögüztürge tüşediwe have to show | sizsizge kögüztürge tüşediyou all have to show | alaalağa kögüztürge tüşedithey have to show |
| have to | menmenŋe kögüztürge tüşmeydiI do not have to show | sensenŋe kögüztürge tüşmeydiyou do not have to show | olaŋa kögüztürge tüşmeydihe does not have to show | bizbizge kögüztürge tüşmeydiwe do not have to show | sizsizge kögüztürge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to show | alaalağa kögüztürge tüşmeydithey do not have to show |
| be obliged to | menkögüztürge borçlumaI am obliged to show | senkögüztürge borçlusayou are obliged to show | olkögüztürge borçluduhe is obliged to show | bizkögüztürge borçlubuzwe are obliged to show | sizkögüztürge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to show | alakögüztürge borçludulathey are obliged to show |
| be obliged to | menkögüztürge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to show | senkögüztürge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to show | olkögüztürge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to show | bizkögüztürge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to show | sizkögüztürge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to show | alakögüztürge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to show |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menkögüztürge madarım bardıI have a way to show | senkögüztürge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to show | olkögüztürge madarı bardıhe has a way to show | bizkögüztürge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to show | sizkögüztürge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to show | alakögüztürge madarları bardıthey have a way to show |
| have a way to | menkögüztürge madarım joqduI have no way to show | senkögüztürge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to show | olkögüztürge madarı joqduhe has no way to show | bizkögüztürge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to show | sizkögüztürge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to show | alakögüztürge madarları joqduthey have no way to show |
| be free to | menkögüztürge erkinligim bardıI am free to show | senkögüztürge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to show | olkögüztürge erkinligi bardıhe is free to show | bizkögüztürge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to show | sizkögüztürge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to show | alakögüztürge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to show |
| be free to | menkögüztürge erkinligim joqduI am not free to show | senkögüztürge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to show | olkögüztürge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to show | bizkögüztürge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to show | sizkögüztürge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to show | alakögüztürge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to show |
| be possible to | menmenŋe kögüztürge bolluqduit is possible for me to show | sensenŋe kögüztürge bolluqduit is possible for you to show | olaŋa kögüztürge bolluqduit is possible for him to show | bizbizge kögüztürge bolluqduit is possible for us to show | sizsizge kögüztürge bolluqduit is possible for you all to show | alaalağa kögüztürge bolluqduit is possible for them to show |
| be possible to | menmenŋe kögüztürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to show | sensenŋe kögüztürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to show | olaŋa kögüztürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to show | bizbizge kögüztürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to show | sizsizge kögüztürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to show | alaalağa kögüztürge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to show |
| be ready to | menkögüztürge hazırmaI am ready to show | senkögüztürge hazırsayou are ready to show | olkögüztürge hazırdıhe is ready to show | bizkögüztürge hazırbızwe are ready to show | sizkögüztürge hazırsızyou all are ready to show | alakögüztürge hazırdılathey are ready to show |
| be ready to | menkögüztürge hazır tülmeI am not ready to show | senkögüztürge hazır tülseyou are not ready to show | olkögüztürge hazır tüldühe is not ready to show | bizkögüztürge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to show | sizkögüztürge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to show | alakögüztürge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to show |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menkögüztürge küreşemeI am trying to show | senkögüztürge küreşeseyou are trying to show | olkögüztürge küreşedihe is trying to show | bizkögüztürge küreşebizwe are trying to show | sizkögüztürge küreşesizyou all are trying to show | alakögüztürge küreşedilethey are trying to show |
| try to | menkögüztürge küreşmeymeI am not trying to show | senkögüztürge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to show | olkögüztürge küreşmeydihe is not trying to show | bizkögüztürge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to show | sizkögüztürge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to show | alakögüztürge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to show |
| agree to | menkögüztürge unaymaI agree to show | senkögüztürge unaysayou agree to show | olkögüztürge unaydıhe agrees to show | bizkögüztürge unaybızwe agree to show | sizkögüztürge unaysızyou all agree to show | alakögüztürge unaydılathey agree to show |
| agree to | menkögüztürge unamaymaI refuse to show | senkögüztürge unamaysayou refuse to show | olkögüztürge unamaydıhe refuses to show | bizkögüztürge unamaybızwe refuse to show | sizkögüztürge unamaysızyou all refuse to show | alakögüztürge unamaydılathey refuse to show |
| hurry to | menkögüztürge aşığamaI am in a hurry to show | senkögüztürge aşığasayou are in a hurry to show | olkögüztürge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to show | bizkögüztürge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to show | sizkögüztürge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to show | alakögüztürge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to show |
| hurry to | menkögüztürge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to show | senkögüztürge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to show | olkögüztürge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to show | bizkögüztürge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to show | sizkögüztürge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to show | alakögüztürge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to show |
| be afraid to | menkögüztürge qorqamaI am afraid to show | senkögüztürge qorqasayou are afraid to show | olkögüztürge qorqadıhe is afraid to show | bizkögüztürge qorqabızwe are afraid to show | sizkögüztürge qorqasızyou all are afraid to show | alakögüztürge qorqadılathey are afraid to show |
| be afraid to | menkögüztürge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to show | senkögüztürge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to show | olkögüztürge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to show | bizkögüztürge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to show | sizkögüztürge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to show | alakögüztürge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to show |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menkögüzte bolmazmaI can't be showing | senkögüzte bolmazsayou can't be showing | olkögüzte bolmazhe can't be showing | bizkögüzte bolmazbızwe can't be showing | sizkögüzte bolmazsızyou all can't be showing | alakögüzte bolmazlathey can't be showing |
| Inference, present — double negation | menkögüztmey bolmazmaI must be showing (emphatic) | senkögüztmey bolmazsayou must be showing (emphatic) | olkögüztmey bolmazhe must be showing (emphatic) | bizkögüztmey bolmazbızwe must be showing (emphatic) | sizkögüztmey bolmazsızyou all must be showing (emphatic) | alakögüztmey bolmazlathey must be showing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menkögüzte turmasamif I don't keep showing | senkögüzte turmasaŋif you don't keep showing | olkögüzte turmasaif he doesn't keep showing | bizkögüzte turmasaqif we don't keep showing | sizkögüzte turmasağızif you all don't keep showing | alakögüzte turmasalaif they don't keep showing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menkögüzte tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of showing | senkögüzte tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of showing | olkögüzte tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of showing | bizkögüzte tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of showing | sizkögüzte tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of showing | alakögüzte tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of showing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menkögüztmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not showing (emphatic) | senkögüztmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not showing (emphatic) | olkögüztmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not showing (emphatic) | bizkögüztmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not showing (emphatic) | sizkögüztmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not showing (emphatic) | alakögüztmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not showing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menkögüztmey turamaI keep on not showing | senkögüztmey turasayou keep on not showing | olkögüztmey turadıhe keeps on not showing | bizkögüztmey turabızwe keep on not showing | sizkögüztmey turasızyou all keep on not showing | alakögüztmey turadılathey keep on not showing |
| Progressive — double negation | menkögüztmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not showing | senkögüztmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not showing | olkögüztmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not showing | bizkögüztmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not showing | sizkögüztmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not showing | alakögüztmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not showing |
| Progressive — double negation | menkögüztmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not showing? | senkögüztmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not showing? | olkögüztmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not showing? | bizkögüztmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not showing? | sizkögüztmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not showing? | alakögüztmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not showing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menkögüztgen bolmazmaI can't have shown | senkögüztgen bolmazsayou can't have shown | olkögüztgen bolmazhe can't have shown | bizkögüztgen bolmazbızwe can't have shown | sizkögüztgen bolmazsızyou all can't have shown | alakögüztgen bolmazlathey can't have shown |
| Inference — double negation | menkögüztmegen bolmazmaI must have shown (emphatic) | senkögüztmegen bolmazsayou must have shown (emphatic) | olkögüztmegen bolmazhe must have shown (emphatic) | bizkögüztmegen bolmazbızwe must have shown (emphatic) | sizkögüztmegen bolmazsızyou all must have shown (emphatic) | alakögüztmegen bolmazlathey must have shown (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menkögüztgen bolmasamif it weren't that I had shown | senkögüztgen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had shown | olkögüztgen bolmasaif it weren't that he had shown | bizkögüztgen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had shown | sizkögüztgen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had shown | alakögüztgen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had shown |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menkögüztmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't shown | senkögüztmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't shown | olkögüztmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't shown | bizkögüztmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't shown | sizkögüztmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't shown | alakögüztmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't shown |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menkögüztürük bolmazmaI can't be going to show | senkögüztürük bolmazsayou can't be going to show | olkögüztürük bolmazhe can't be going to show | bizkögüztürük bolmazbızwe can't be going to show | sizkögüztürük bolmazsızyou all can't be going to show | alakögüztürük bolmazlathey can't be going to show |
| Inference, future — double negation | menkögüztmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to show (emphatic) | senkögüztmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to show (emphatic) | olkögüztmezlik bolmazhe must be going to show (emphatic) | bizkögüztmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to show (emphatic) | sizkögüztmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to show (emphatic) | alakögüztmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to show (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menkögüztürük bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to show | senkögüztürük bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to show | olkögüztürük bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to show | bizkögüztürük bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to show | sizkögüztürük bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to show | alakögüztürük bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to show |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menkögüztmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to show | senkögüztmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to show | olkögüztmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to show | bizkögüztmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to show | sizkögüztmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to show | alakögüztmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to show |