jırna
/dʒɯrna/ · plural jırnala
1. boiled grain dish, porridge, especially of hulled maize kernels — A traditional dish of maize kernels pounded in a mortar to remove the husks and boiled in water, sometimes with beans.
- bürtük jırna — a dish of boiled whole grains
- jırna eterge — to make the boiled grain dish
- jırna tatlı bolğandı — the boiled grain dish turned out tasty
- toyda jırna salğandıla — at the feast they served the boiled grain dish
- jırnasın sabiylege quya turğanlay — while pouring her boiled grain dish for the children
2. groats, coarsely crushed grain — Most often made from maize.
- jırna tüerge — to pound grain into groats
- tüygen jırna — pounded groats
- jırnanı qazanda bişiredile — they cook the groats in a cauldron
- jırna bla şorpa bişirdi — she cooked soup with groats
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | jırnathe porridge | jırnammy porridge | jırnaŋyour porridge | jırnasıhis porridge | jırnabızour porridge | jırnağızyou all's porridge | jırnalarıtheir porridge |
| Genitive | jırnanıthe porridge's | jırnamımy porridge's | jırnaŋıyour porridge's | jırnasınıhis porridge's | jırnabıznıour porridge's | jırnağıznıyou all's porridge's | jırnalarınıtheir porridge's |
| Accusative | jırnanıthe porridge (as the object) | jırnamımy porridge (as the object) | jırnaŋıyour porridge (as the object) | jırnasınhis porridge (as the object) | jırnabıznıour porridge (as the object) | jırnağıznıyou all's porridge (as the object) | jırnalarıntheir porridge (as the object) |
| Dative | jırnağato the porridge | jırnamato my porridge | jırnaŋato your porridge | jırnasınato his porridge | jırnabızğato our porridge | jırnağızğato you all's porridge | jırnalarınato their porridge |
| Locative | jırnadain / at the porridge | jırnamdain / at my porridge | jırnaŋdain / at your porridge | jırnasındain / at his porridge | jırnabızdain / at our porridge | jırnağızdain / at you all's porridge | jırnalarındain / at their porridge |
| Ablative | jırnadanfrom the porridge | jırnamdanfrom my porridge | jırnaŋdanfrom your porridge | jırnasındanfrom his porridge | jırnabızdanfrom our porridge | jırnağızdanfrom you all's porridge | jırnalarındanfrom their porridge |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | jırnalathe porridge | jırnalarımmy porridge | jırnalarıŋyour porridge | jırnalarıhis porridge | jırnalarıbızour porridge | jırnalarığızyou all's porridge | jırnalarıtheir porridge |
| Genitive | jırnalanıthe porridge's | jırnalarımımy porridge's | jırnalarıŋıyour porridge's | jırnalarınıhis porridge's | jırnalarıbıznıour porridge's | jırnalarığıznıyou all's porridge's | jırnalarınıtheir porridge's |
| Accusative | jırnalanıthe porridge (as the object) | jırnalarımımy porridge (as the object) | jırnalarıŋıyour porridge (as the object) | jırnalarınhis porridge (as the object) | jırnalarıbıznıour porridge (as the object) | jırnalarığıznıyou all's porridge (as the object) | jırnalarıntheir porridge (as the object) |
| Dative | jırnalağato the porridge | jırnalarımato my porridge | jırnalarıŋato your porridge | jırnalarınato his porridge | jırnalarıbızğato our porridge | jırnalarığızğato you all's porridge | jırnalarınato their porridge |
| Locative | jırnaladain / at the porridge | jırnalarımdain / at my porridge | jırnalarıŋdain / at your porridge | jırnalarındain / at his porridge | jırnalarıbızdain / at our porridge | jırnalarığızdain / at you all's porridge | jırnalarındain / at their porridge |
| Ablative | jırnaladanfrom the porridge | jırnalarımdanfrom my porridge | jırnalarıŋdanfrom your porridge | jırnalarındanfrom his porridge | jırnalarıbızdanfrom our porridge | jırnalarığızdanfrom you all's porridge | jırnalarındanfrom their porridge |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: jırnaları can mean "his / her porridge", "their porridge", or "their porridge" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.