jügenlerge
/dʒyɡenlerɡe/
1. bridle, put a bridle on
- atnı jügenlerge — to bridle the horse
- atnı jügenledim — I bridled the horse
- jaşçıq tayçığın jügenleydi — the little boy is bridling his foal
- ol atın jügenleydi — he is bridling his horse
- atlarıbıznı jügenlegenbiz — we have bridled our horses
2. curb, restrain, bring under control one source
- ol açıwun jügenledi — he curbed his anger
- açıwuŋu jügenle — curb your anger
- meni jügenlerge küreşmegiz — do not try to bring me under control
Conjugation
Common forms
- jügenleydihe is bridling
- jügenledihe bridled
- jügenlegendihe has bridled
- jügenlerhe will bridle
- jügenlerikdihe is going to bridle
- jügenley edihe was bridling
- jügenleseif he bridles
- jügenle!bridle!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjügenleymeI am bridling | senjügenleyseyou are bridling | oljügenleydihe is bridling | bizjügenleybizwe are bridling | sizjügenleysizyou all are bridling | alajügenleydilethey are bridling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjügenlemeymeI am not bridling | senjügenlemeyseyou are not bridling | oljügenlemeydihe is not bridling | bizjügenlemeybizwe are not bridling | sizjügenlemeysizyou all are not bridling | alajügenlemeydilethey are not bridling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjügenleymemi? jügenleymime?am I bridling? | senjügenleymise?are you bridling? | oljügenleymidi?is he bridling? | bizjügenleybizmi? jügenleymibiz?are we bridling? | sizjügenleymisiz?are you all bridling? | alajügenleymidile?are they bridling? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjügenlemeymemi? jügenlemeymime?aren't I bridling? | senjügenlemeymise?aren't you bridling? | oljügenlemeymidi?isn't he bridling? | bizjügenlemeybizmi? jügenlemeymibiz?aren't we bridling? | sizjügenlemeymisiz?aren't you all bridling? | alajügenlemeymidile?aren't they bridling? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjügenlewçenmeI usually bridle | senjügenlewçenseyou usually bridle | oljügenlewçendihe usually bridles | bizjügenlewçenbizwe usually bridle | sizjügenlewçensizyou all usually bridle | alajügenlewçendilethey usually bridle |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjügenlemewçenmeI usually don't bridle | senjügenlemewçenseyou usually don't bridle | oljügenlemewçendihe usually doesn't bridle | bizjügenlemewçenbizwe usually don't bridle | sizjügenlemewçensizyou all usually don't bridle | alajügenlemewçendilethey usually don't bridle |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjügenlewçenmemi? jügenlewçenmime?do I usually bridle? | senjügenlewçenmise?do you usually bridle? | oljügenlewçenmidi?does he usually bridle? | bizjügenlewçenbizmi? jügenlewçenmibiz?do we usually bridle? | sizjügenlewçenmisiz?do you all usually bridle? | alajügenlewçenmidile?do they usually bridle? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjügenlemewçenmemi? jügenlemewçenmime?do I usually not bridle? | senjügenlemewçenmise?do you usually not bridle? | oljügenlemewçenmidi?does he usually not bridle? | bizjügenlemewçenbizmi? jügenlemewçenmibiz?do we usually not bridle? | sizjügenlemewçenmisiz?do you all usually not bridle? | alajügenlemewçenmidile?do they usually not bridle? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljügenlebdihe has bridled and remains so | alajügenlebdilethey have bridled and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljügenlebmidi?has he bridled? | alajügenlebmidile?have they bridled? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjügenleb turamaI keep bridling | senjügenleb turasayou keep bridling | oljügenleb turadıhe keeps bridling | bizjügenleb turabızwe keep bridling | sizjügenleb turasızyou all keep bridling | alajügenleb turadılathey keep bridling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjügenleb turmaymaI don't keep bridling | senjügenleb turmaysayou don't keep bridling | oljügenleb turmaydıhe doesn't keep bridling | bizjügenleb turmaybızwe don't keep bridling | sizjügenleb turmaysızyou all don't keep bridling | alajügenleb turmaydılathey don't keep bridling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjügenleb turamamı? jügenleb turamıma?do I keep bridling? | senjügenleb turamısa?do you keep bridling? | oljügenleb turamıdı?does he keep bridling? | bizjügenleb turabızmı? jügenleb turamıbız?do we keep bridling? | sizjügenleb turamısız?do you all keep bridling? | alajügenleb turamıdıla?do they keep bridling? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjügenleb turmaymamı? jügenleb turmaymıma?don't I keep bridling? | senjügenleb turmaymısa?don't you keep bridling? | oljügenleb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep bridling? | bizjügenleb turmaybızmı? jügenleb turmaymıbız?don't we keep bridling? | sizjügenleb turmaymısız?don't you all keep bridling? | alajügenleb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep bridling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjügenley turamaI am in the middle of bridling | senjügenley turasayou are in the middle of bridling | oljügenley turadıhe is in the middle of bridling | bizjügenley turabızwe are in the middle of bridling | sizjügenley turasızyou all are in the middle of bridling | alajügenley turadılathey are in the middle of bridling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjügenley turmaymaI am not in the middle of bridling | senjügenley turmaysayou are not in the middle of bridling | oljügenley turmaydıhe is not in the middle of bridling | bizjügenley turmaybızwe are not in the middle of bridling | sizjügenley turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of bridling | alajügenley turmaydılathey are not in the middle of bridling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjügenley turamamı? jügenley turamıma?am I in the middle of bridling? | senjügenley turamısa?are you in the middle of bridling? | oljügenley turamıdı?is he in the middle of bridling? | bizjügenley turabızmı? jügenley turamıbız?are we in the middle of bridling? | sizjügenley turamısız?are you all in the middle of bridling? | alajügenley turamıdıla?are they in the middle of bridling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjügenley turmaymamı? jügenley turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of bridling? | senjügenley turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of bridling? | oljügenley turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of bridling? | bizjügenley turmaybızmı? jügenley turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of bridling? | sizjügenley turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of bridling? | alajügenley turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of bridling? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjügenledimI bridled | senjügenlediŋyou bridled | oljügenledihe bridled | bizjügenledikwe bridled | sizjügenledigizyou all bridled | alajügenledilethey bridled |
| Simple past (definite) | menjügenlemedimI didn't bridle | senjügenlemediŋyou didn't bridle | oljügenlemedihe didn't bridle | bizjügenlemedikwe didn't bridle | sizjügenlemedigizyou all didn't bridle | alajügenlemedilethey didn't bridle |
| Simple past (definite) | menjügenledimmi?did I bridle? | senjügenlediŋmi?did you bridle? | oljügenledimi?did he bridle? | bizjügenledikmi?did we bridle? | sizjügenledigizmi?did you all bridle? | alajügenledilemi?did they bridle? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjügenlemedimmi?didn't I bridle? | senjügenlemediŋmi?didn't you bridle? | oljügenlemedimi?didn't he bridle? | bizjügenlemedikmi?didn't we bridle? | sizjügenlemedigizmi?didn't you all bridle? | alajügenlemedilemi?didn't they bridle? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjügenlegenmeI have bridled | senjügenlegenseyou have bridled | oljügenlegendihe has bridled | bizjügenlegenbizwe have bridled | sizjügenlegensizyou all have bridled | alajügenlegendilethey have bridled |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjügenlemegenmeI haven't bridled | senjügenlemegenseyou haven't bridled | oljügenlemegendihe hasn't bridled | bizjügenlemegenbizwe haven't bridled | sizjügenlemegensizyou all haven't bridled | alajügenlemegendilethey haven't bridled |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjügenlegenmemi? jügenlegenmime?have I bridled? | senjügenlegenmise?have you bridled? | oljügenlegenmidi?has he bridled? | bizjügenlegenbizmi? jügenlegenmibiz?have we bridled? | sizjügenlegenmisiz?have you all bridled? | alajügenlegenmidile?have they bridled? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjügenlemegenmemi? jügenlemegenmime?haven't I bridled? | senjügenlemegenmise?haven't you bridled? | oljügenlemegenmidi?hasn't he bridled? | bizjügenlemegenbizmi? jügenlemegenmibiz?haven't we bridled? | sizjügenlemegenmisiz?haven't you all bridled? | alajügenlemegenmidile?haven't they bridled? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjügenleb turdumI kept bridling | senjügenleb turduŋyou kept bridling | oljügenleb turduhe kept bridling | bizjügenleb turduqwe kept bridling | sizjügenleb turduğuzyou all kept bridling | alajügenleb turdulathey kept bridling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjügenleb turmadımI didn't keep bridling | senjügenleb turmadıŋyou didn't keep bridling | oljügenleb turmadıhe didn't keep bridling | bizjügenleb turmadıqwe didn't keep bridling | sizjügenleb turmadığızyou all didn't keep bridling | alajügenleb turmadılathey didn't keep bridling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjügenlermeI will bridle | senjügenlerseyou will bridle | oljügenlerhe will bridle | bizjügenlerbizwe will bridle | sizjügenlersizyou all will bridle | alajügenlerlethey will bridle |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjügenlemezmeI won't bridle | senjügenlemezseyou won't bridle | oljügenlemezhe won't bridle | bizjügenlemezbizwe won't bridle | sizjügenlemezsizyou all won't bridle | alajügenlemezlethey won't bridle |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjügenlermemi? jügenlermime?will I bridle? | senjügenlermise?will you bridle? | oljügenlermi?will he bridle? | bizjügenlerbizmi? jügenlermibiz?will we bridle? | sizjügenlermisiz?will you all bridle? | alajügenlerlemi? jügenlermile?will they bridle? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjügenlemezmemi? jügenlemezmime?won't I bridle? | senjügenlemezmise?won't you bridle? | oljügenlemezmi?won't he bridle? | bizjügenlemezbizmi? jügenlemezmibiz?won't we bridle? | sizjügenlemezmisiz?won't you all bridle? | alajügenlemezlemi? jügenlemezmile?won't they bridle? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjügenlerikmeI am going to bridle | senjügenlerikseyou are going to bridle | oljügenlerikdihe is going to bridle | bizjügenlerikbizwe are going to bridle | sizjügenleriksizyou all are going to bridle | alajügenlerikdilethey are going to bridle |
| Definite future (future II) | menjügenlerik tülmeI am not going to bridle | senjügenlerik tülseyou are not going to bridle | oljügenlerik tüldühe is not going to bridle | bizjügenlerik tülbüzwe are not going to bridle | sizjügenlerik tülsüzyou all are not going to bridle | alajügenlerik tüldülethey are not going to bridle |
| Definite future (future II) | menjügenlerikmemi? jügenlerikmime?am I going to bridle? | senjügenlerikmise?are you going to bridle? | oljügenlerikmidi?is he going to bridle? | bizjügenlerikbizmi? jügenlerikmibiz?are we going to bridle? | sizjügenlerikmisiz?are you all going to bridle? | alajügenlerikmidile?are they going to bridle? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjügenlerik tülmüme?aren't I going to bridle? | senjügenlerik tülmüse?aren't you going to bridle? | oljügenlerik tülmüdü?isn't he going to bridle? | bizjügenlerik tülmübüz?aren't we going to bridle? | sizjügenlerik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to bridle? | alajügenlerik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to bridle? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjügenlegen edimjügenlegenemI had bridled | senjügenlegen ediŋjügenlegeneŋyou had bridled | oljügenlegen edijügenlegenedhe had bridled | bizjügenlegen edikjügenlegenekwe had bridled | sizjügenlegen edigizjügenlegenegizyou all had bridled | alajügenlegen edilejügenlegenellethey had bridled |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjügenlemegen edimjügenlemegenemI hadn't bridled | senjügenlemegen ediŋjügenlemegeneŋyou hadn't bridled | oljügenlemegen edijügenlemegenedhe hadn't bridled | bizjügenlemegen edikjügenlemegenekwe hadn't bridled | sizjügenlemegen edigizjügenlemegenegizyou all hadn't bridled | alajügenlemegen edilejügenlemegenellethey hadn't bridled |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjügenley edimjügenleyemI was bridling | senjügenley ediŋjügenleyeŋyou were bridling | oljügenley edijügenleyedhe was bridling | bizjügenley edikjügenleyekwe were bridling | sizjügenley edigizjügenleyegizyou all were bridling | alajügenley edilejügenleyellethey were bridling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjügenlemey edimjügenlemeyemI wasn't bridling | senjügenlemey ediŋjügenlemeyeŋyou weren't bridling | oljügenlemey edijügenlemeyedhe wasn't bridling | bizjügenlemey edikjügenlemeyekwe weren't bridling | sizjügenlemey edigizjügenlemeyegizyou all weren't bridling | alajügenlemey edilejügenlemeyellethey weren't bridling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menjügenlewçen edimjügenlewçenemI used to bridle | senjügenlewçen ediŋjügenlewçeneŋyou used to bridle | oljügenlewçen edijügenlewçenedhe used to bridle | bizjügenlewçen edikjügenlewçenekwe used to bridle | sizjügenlewçen edigizjügenlewçenegizyou all used to bridle | alajügenlewçen edilejügenlewçenellethey used to bridle |
| Habitual past (used to) | menjügenlemewçen edimjügenlemewçenemI didn't use to bridle | senjügenlemewçen ediŋjügenlemewçeneŋyou didn't use to bridle | oljügenlemewçen edijügenlemewçenedhe didn't use to bridle | bizjügenlemewçen edikjügenlemewçenekwe didn't use to bridle | sizjügenlemewçen edigizjügenlemewçenegizyou all didn't use to bridle | alajügenlemewçen edilejügenlemewçenellethey didn't use to bridle |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljügenleb edihe had bridled and remained so | alajügenleb edilethey had bridled and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljügenleb tül edihe hadn't bridled | alajügenleb tül edilethey hadn't bridled | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjügenleb tura edimjügenleb turaemI had kept bridling | senjügenleb tura ediŋjügenleb turaeŋyou had kept bridling | oljügenleb tura edijügenleb turaedhe had kept bridling | bizjügenleb tura edikjügenleb turaekwe had kept bridling | sizjügenleb tura edigizjügenleb turaegizyou all had kept bridling | alajügenleb tura edilejügenleb turaellethey had kept bridling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjügenleb turmay edimjügenleb turmayemI hadn't kept bridling | senjügenleb turmay ediŋjügenleb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept bridling | oljügenleb turmay edijügenleb turmayedhe hadn't kept bridling | bizjügenleb turmay edikjügenleb turmayekwe hadn't kept bridling | sizjügenleb turmay edigizjügenleb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept bridling | alajügenleb turmay edilejügenleb turmayellethey hadn't kept bridling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjügenley tura edimjügenley turaemI was in the middle of bridling | senjügenley tura ediŋjügenley turaeŋyou were in the middle of bridling | oljügenley tura edijügenley turaedhe was in the middle of bridling | bizjügenley tura edikjügenley turaekwe were in the middle of bridling | sizjügenley tura edigizjügenley turaegizyou all were in the middle of bridling | alajügenley tura edilejügenley turaellethey were in the middle of bridling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjügenley turmay edimjügenley turmayemI wasn't in the middle of bridling | senjügenley turmay ediŋjügenley turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of bridling | oljügenley turmay edijügenley turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of bridling | bizjügenley turmay edikjügenley turmayekwe weren't in the middle of bridling | sizjügenley turmay edigizjügenley turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of bridling | alajügenley turmay edilejügenley turmayellethey weren't in the middle of bridling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menjügenler edimjügenler emI would bridle | senjügenler ediŋjügenler eŋyou would bridle | oljügenler edijügenler edhe would bridle | bizjügenler edikjügenler ekwe would bridle | sizjügenler edigizjügenler egizyou all would bridle | alajügenler edilejügenler ellethey would bridle |
| Conditional result (would) | menjügenlemez edimjügenlemez emI wouldn't bridle | senjügenlemez ediŋjügenlemez eŋyou wouldn't bridle | oljügenlemez edijügenlemez edhe wouldn't bridle | bizjügenlemez edikjügenlemez ekwe wouldn't bridle | sizjügenlemez edigizjügenlemez egizyou all wouldn't bridle | alajügenlemez edilejügenlemez ellethey wouldn't bridle |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjügenlerik edimjügenlerik emI would have bridled | senjügenlerik ediŋjügenlerik eŋyou would have bridled | oljügenlerik edijügenlerik edhe would have bridled | bizjügenlerik edikjügenlerik ekwe would have bridled | sizjügenlerik edigizjügenlerik egizyou all would have bridled | alajügenlerik edilejügenlerik ellethey would have bridled |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjügenlerik tül edimjügenlerik tül emI wouldn't have bridled | senjügenlerik tül ediŋjügenlerik tül eŋyou wouldn't have bridled | oljügenlerik tül edijügenlerik tül edhe wouldn't have bridled | bizjügenlerik tül edikjügenlerik tül ekwe wouldn't have bridled | sizjügenlerik tül edigizjügenlerik tül egizyou all wouldn't have bridled | alajügenlerik tül edilejügenlerik tül ellethey wouldn't have bridled |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menjügenlesemif I bridle | senjügenleseŋif you bridle | oljügenleseif he bridles | bizjügenlesekif we bridle | sizjügenlesegizif you all bridle | alajügenleseleif they bridle |
| Conditional | menjügenlemesemif I don't bridle | senjügenlemeseŋif you don't bridle | oljügenlemeseif he doesn't bridle | bizjügenlemesekif we don't bridle | sizjügenlemesegizif you all don't bridle | alajügenlemeseleif they don't bridle |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menjügenley esemif I am bridling | senjügenley eseŋif you are bridling | oljügenley eseif he is bridling | bizjügenley esekif we are bridling | sizjügenley esegizif you all are bridling | alajügenley eseleif they are bridling |
| Conditional, present real | menjügenlemey esemif I am not bridling | senjügenlemey eseŋif you are not bridling | oljügenlemey eseif he is not bridling | bizjügenlemey esekif we are not bridling | sizjügenlemey esegizif you all are not bridling | alajügenlemey eseleif they are not bridling |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjügenlesem edijügenlesem edif only I bridled | senjügenleseŋ edijügenleseŋ edif only you bridled | oljügenlese edijügenlesedif only he bridled | bizjügenlesek edijügenlesek edif only we bridled | sizjügenlesegiz edijügenlesegiz edif only you all bridled | alajügenlesele edijügenleseledif only they bridled |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjügenlemesem edijügenlemesem edif only I didn't bridle | senjügenlemeseŋ edijügenlemeseŋ edif only you didn't bridle | oljügenlemese edijügenlemesedif only he didn't bridle | bizjügenlemesek edijügenlemesek edif only we didn't bridle | sizjügenlemesegiz edijügenlemesegiz edif only you all didn't bridle | alajügenlemesele edijügenlemeseledif only they didn't bridle |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menjügenleb tursamif I carry on bridling | senjügenleb tursaŋif you carry on bridling | oljügenleb tursaif he carries on bridling | bizjügenleb tursaqif we carry on bridling | sizjügenleb tursağızif you all carry on bridling | alajügenleb tursalaif they carry on bridling |
| Durative conditional | menjügenleb turmasamif I don't carry on bridling | senjügenleb turmasaŋif you don't carry on bridling | oljügenleb turmasaif he doesn't carry on bridling | bizjügenleb turmasaqif we don't carry on bridling | sizjügenleb turmasağızif you all don't carry on bridling | alajügenleb turmasalaif they don't carry on bridling |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menjügenleb tura esemif I have kept bridling | senjügenleb tura eseŋif you have kept bridling | oljügenleb tura eseif he has kept bridling | bizjügenleb tura esekif we have kept bridling | sizjügenleb tura esegizif you all have kept bridling | alajügenleb tura eseleif they have kept bridling |
| Durative conditional, present real | menjügenleb turmay esemif I haven't kept bridling | senjügenleb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept bridling | oljügenleb turmay eseif he hasn't kept bridling | bizjügenleb turmay esekif we haven't kept bridling | sizjügenleb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept bridling | alajügenleb turmay eseleif they haven't kept bridling |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menjügenley tursamif I keep bridling | senjügenley tursaŋif you keep bridling | oljügenley tursaif he keeps bridling | bizjügenley tursaqif we keep bridling | sizjügenley tursağızif you all keep bridling | alajügenley tursalaif they keep bridling |
| Progressive conditional | menjügenlemey tursamif I keep on not bridling | senjügenlemey tursaŋif you keep on not bridling | oljügenlemey tursaif he keeps on not bridling | bizjügenlemey tursaqif we keep on not bridling | sizjügenlemey tursağızif you all keep on not bridling | alajügenlemey tursalaif they keep on not bridling |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjügenley tura esemif I am in the middle of bridling | senjügenley tura eseŋif you are in the middle of bridling | oljügenley tura eseif he is in the middle of bridling | bizjügenley tura esekif we are in the middle of bridling | sizjügenley tura esegizif you all are in the middle of bridling | alajügenley tura eseleif they are in the middle of bridling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjügenlemey tura esemif I keep on not bridling | senjügenlemey tura eseŋif you keep on not bridling | oljügenlemey tura eseif he keeps on not bridling | bizjügenlemey tura esekif we keep on not bridling | sizjügenlemey tura esegizif you all keep on not bridling | alajügenlemey tura eseleif they keep on not bridling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjügenledim esemif I bridled | senjügenlediŋ eseŋif you bridled | oljügenledi eseif he bridled | bizjügenledik esekif we bridled | sizjügenledigiz esegizif you all bridled | alajügenledile eseleif they bridled |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjügenlemedim esemif I didn't bridle | senjügenlemediŋ eseŋif you didn't bridle | oljügenlemedi eseif he didn't bridle | bizjügenlemedik esekif we didn't bridle | sizjügenlemedigiz esegizif you all didn't bridle | alajügenlemedile eseleif they didn't bridle |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menjügenlegen esemif I did bridle (indeed) | senjügenlegen eseŋif you did bridle (indeed) | oljügenlegen eseif he did bridle (indeed) | bizjügenlegen esekif we did bridle (indeed) | sizjügenlegen esegizif you all did bridle (indeed) | alajügenlegen eseleif they did bridle (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menjügenlemegen esemif I didn't bridle (indeed) | senjügenlemegen eseŋif you didn't bridle (indeed) | oljügenlemegen eseif he didn't bridle (indeed) | bizjügenlemegen esekif we didn't bridle (indeed) | sizjügenlemegen esegizif you all didn't bridle (indeed) | alajügenlemegen eseleif they didn't bridle (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjügenlegen bolsamif I had bridled | senjügenlegen bolsaŋif you had bridled | oljügenlegen bolsaif he had bridled | bizjügenlegen bolsaqif we had bridled | sizjügenlegen bolsağızif you all had bridled | alajügenlegen bolsalaif they had bridled |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjügenlemegen bolsamif I hadn't bridled | senjügenlemegen bolsaŋif you hadn't bridled | oljügenlemegen bolsaif he hadn't bridled | bizjügenlemegen bolsaqif we hadn't bridled | sizjügenlemegen bolsağızif you all hadn't bridled | alajügenlemegen bolsalaif they hadn't bridled |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjügenlegen bolsam edijügenlegen bolsam edif only I had bridled | senjügenlegen bolsaŋ edijügenlegen bolsaŋ edif only you had bridled | oljügenlegen bolsa edijügenlegen bolsaedif only he had bridled | bizjügenlegen bolsaq edijügenlegen bolsaq edif only we had bridled | sizjügenlegen bolsağız edijügenlegen bolsağız edif only you all had bridled | alajügenlegen bolsala edijügenlegen bolsalaedif only they had bridled |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjügenlemegen bolsam edijügenlemegen bolsam edif only I hadn't bridled | senjügenlemegen bolsaŋ edijügenlemegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't bridled | oljügenlemegen bolsa edijügenlemegen bolsaedif only he hadn't bridled | bizjügenlemegen bolsaq edijügenlemegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't bridled | sizjügenlemegen bolsağız edijügenlemegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't bridled | alajügenlemegen bolsala edijügenlemegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't bridled |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menjügenler esemif I will bridle | senjügenler eseŋif you will bridle | oljügenler eseif he will bridle | bizjügenler esekif we will bridle | sizjügenler esegizif you all will bridle | alajügenler eseleif they will bridle |
| Conditional, aorist | menjügenlemez esemif I won't bridle | senjügenlemez eseŋif you won't bridle | oljügenlemez eseif he won't bridle | bizjügenlemez esekif we won't bridle | sizjügenlemez esegizif you all won't bridle | alajügenlemez eseleif they won't bridle |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menjügenlerik esemif I am going to bridle | senjügenlerik eseŋif you are going to bridle | oljügenlerik eseif he is going to bridle | bizjügenlerik esekif we are going to bridle | sizjügenlerik esegizif you all are going to bridle | alajügenlerik eseleif they are going to bridle |
| Conditional, future | menjügenlerik tül esemif I am not going to bridle | senjügenlerik tül eseŋif you are not going to bridle | oljügenlerik tül eseif he is not going to bridle | bizjügenlerik tül esekif we are not going to bridle | sizjügenlerik tül esegizif you all are not going to bridle | alajügenlerik tül eseleif they are not going to bridle |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjügenlerik bolsamif I were going to bridle | senjügenlerik bolsaŋif you were going to bridle | oljügenlerik bolsaif he were going to bridle | bizjügenlerik bolsaqif we were going to bridle | sizjügenlerik bolsağızif you all were going to bridle | alajügenlerik bolsalaif they were going to bridle |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjügenlemezlik bolsamif I were not going to bridle | senjügenlemezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to bridle | oljügenlemezlik bolsaif he were not going to bridle | bizjügenlemezlik bolsaqif we were not going to bridle | sizjügenlemezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to bridle | alajügenlemezlik bolsalaif they were not going to bridle |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso jügenlediŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjügenley bolurmaI must be bridling | senjügenley bolursayou must be bridling | oljügenley bolurhe must be bridling | bizjügenley bolurbuzwe must be bridling | sizjügenley bolursuzyou all must be bridling | alajügenley bolurlathey must be bridling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjügenlemey bolurmaI must not be bridling | senjügenlemey bolursayou must not be bridling | oljügenlemey bolurhe must not be bridling | bizjügenlemey bolurbuzwe must not be bridling | sizjügenlemey bolursuzyou all must not be bridling | alajügenlemey bolurlathey must not be bridling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjügenley tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of bridling | senjügenley tura bolursayou must be in the middle of bridling | oljügenley tura bolurhe must be in the middle of bridling | bizjügenley tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of bridling | sizjügenley tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of bridling | alajügenley tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of bridling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjügenlemey tura bolurmaI must keep on not bridling | senjügenlemey tura bolursayou must keep on not bridling | oljügenlemey tura bolurhe must keep on not bridling | bizjügenlemey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not bridling | sizjügenlemey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not bridling | alajügenlemey tura bolurlathey must keep on not bridling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menjügenlegen bolurmaI must have bridled | senjügenlegen bolursayou must have bridled | oljügenlegen bolurhe must have bridled | bizjügenlegen bolurbuzwe must have bridled | sizjügenlegen bolursuzyou all must have bridled | alajügenlegen bolurlathey must have bridled |
| Inference (must have) | menjügenlemegen bolurmaI must not have bridled | senjügenlemegen bolursayou must not have bridled | oljügenlemegen bolurhe must not have bridled | bizjügenlemegen bolurbuzwe must not have bridled | sizjügenlemegen bolursuzyou all must not have bridled | alajügenlemegen bolurlathey must not have bridled |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjügenlerik bolurmaI must be going to bridle | senjügenlerik bolursayou must be going to bridle | oljügenlerik bolurhe must be going to bridle | bizjügenlerik bolurbuzwe must be going to bridle | sizjügenlerik bolursuzyou all must be going to bridle | alajügenlerik bolurlathey must be going to bridle |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjügenlemezlik bolurmaI must not be going to bridle | senjügenlemezlik bolursayou must not be going to bridle | oljügenlemezlik bolurhe must not be going to bridle | bizjügenlemezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to bridle | sizjügenlemezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to bridle | alajügenlemezlik bolurlathey must not be going to bridle |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menjügenleyimlet me bridle | senjügenle!bridle! | oljügenlesinlet him bridle | bizjügenleyiklet's bridle | sizjügenlegiz!bridle, you all! | alajügenlesinlelet them bridle |
| Commands & suggestions | menjügenlemeyimlet me not bridle | senjügenleme!don't bridle! | oljügenlemesinlet him not bridle | bizjügenlemeyiklet's not bridle | sizjügenlemegiz!don't bridle, you all! | alajügenlemesinlelet them not bridle |
| Commands & suggestions | menjügenleyimmi?shall I bridle? | oljügenlesinmi?should he bridle? | bizjügenleyikmi?shall we bridle? | alajügenlesinlemi?should they bridle? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menjügenlemeyimmi?shall I not bridle? | oljügenlemesinmi?should he not bridle? | bizjügenlemeyikmi?shall we not bridle? | alajügenlemesinlemi?should they not bridle? | ||
| Requests | senjügenleçi2jügenleçinplease bridle | oljügenlesinçido let him bridle | sizjügenleçigizplease bridle (plural/polite) | alajügenlesinleçido let them bridle | ||
| Requests | senjügenlemeçi2jügenlemeçinplease don't bridle | oljügenlemesinçido let him not bridle | sizjügenlemeçigizplease don't bridle (plural/polite) | alajügenlemesinleçido let them not bridle | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjügenleginjügenlegimay you bridle | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjügenlemeginjügenlemegimay you not bridle | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjügenlegey edim jügenlege edimwould that I bridled | senjügenlegey ediŋ jügenlege ediŋwould that you bridled | oljügenlegey edi jügenlege ediwould that he bridled | bizjügenlegey edik jügenlege edikwould that we bridled | sizjügenlegey edigiz jügenlege edigizwould that you all bridled | alajügenlegey edile jügenlege edilewould that they bridled |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjügenlemegey edim jügenlemege edimwould that I did not bridle | senjügenlemegey ediŋ jügenlemege ediŋwould that you did not bridle | oljügenlemegey edi jügenlemege ediwould that he did not bridle | bizjügenlemegey edik jügenlemege edikwould that we did not bridle | sizjügenlemegey edigiz jügenlemege edigizwould that you all did not bridle | alajügenlemegey edile jügenlemege edilewould that they did not bridle |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjügenlemege qoyayımjügenleme qoyayımlet me allow someone to bridle | senjügenlemege qoy!jügenleme qoy!let someone bridle! | oljügenlemege qoysunjügenleme qoysunlet him allow someone to bridle | bizjügenlemege qoyayıqjügenleme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to bridle | sizjügenlemege qoyuğuz!jügenleme qoyuğuz!let someone bridle, you all! | alajügenlemege qoysunlajügenleme qoysunlalet them allow someone to bridle |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjügenlemege qoymayımjügenleme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to bridle | senjügenlemege qoyma!jügenleme qoyma!don't let someone bridle! | oljügenlemege qoymasınjügenleme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to bridle | bizjügenlemege qoymayıqjügenleme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to bridle | sizjügenlemege qoymağız!jügenleme qoymağız!don't let someone bridle, you all! | alajügenlemege qoymasınlajügenleme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to bridle |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjügenlemege qoyayımmı?jügenleme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to bridle? | oljügenlemege qoysunmu?jügenleme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to bridle? | bizjügenlemege qoyayıqmı?jügenleme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to bridle? | alajügenlemege qoysunlamı?jügenleme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to bridle? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjügenlemege qoymayımmı?jügenleme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to bridle? | oljügenlemege qoymasınmı?jügenleme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to bridle? | bizjügenlemege qoymayıqmı?jügenleme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to bridle? | alajügenlemege qoymasınlamı?jügenleme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to bridle? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menjügenlemege qoyamajügenleme qoyamaI allow someone to bridle | senjügenlemege qoyasajügenleme qoyasayou allow someone to bridle | oljügenlemege qoyadıjügenleme qoyadıhe allows someone to bridle | bizjügenlemege qoyabızjügenleme qoyabızwe allow someone to bridle | sizjügenlemege qoyasızjügenleme qoyasızyou all allow someone to bridle | alajügenlemege qoyadılajügenleme qoyadılathey allow someone to bridle |
| Let someone… (present) | menjügenlemege qoymaymajügenleme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to bridle | senjügenlemege qoymaysajügenleme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to bridle | oljügenlemege qoymaydıjügenleme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to bridle | bizjügenlemege qoymaybızjügenleme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to bridle | sizjügenlemege qoymaysızjügenleme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to bridle | alajügenlemege qoymaydılajügenleme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to bridle |
| Let someone… (present) | menjügenlemege qoyamamı?jügenleme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to bridle? | senjügenlemege qoyamısa?jügenleme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to bridle? | oljügenlemege qoyamıdı?jügenleme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to bridle? | bizjügenlemege qoyabızmı?jügenleme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to bridle? | sizjügenlemege qoyamısız?jügenleme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to bridle? | alajügenlemege qoyamıdıla?jügenleme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to bridle? |
| Let someone… (present) | menjügenlemege qoymaymamı?jügenleme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to bridle? | senjügenlemege qoymaymısa?jügenleme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to bridle? | oljügenlemege qoymaymıdı?jügenleme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to bridle? | bizjügenlemege qoymaybızmı?jügenleme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to bridle? | sizjügenlemege qoymaymısız?jügenleme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to bridle? | alajügenlemege qoymaymıdıla?jügenleme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to bridle? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjügenlemege qoydumjügenleme qoydumI allowed someone to bridle | senjügenlemege qoyduŋjügenleme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to bridle | oljügenlemege qoydujügenleme qoyduhe allowed someone to bridle | bizjügenlemege qoyduqjügenleme qoyduqwe allowed someone to bridle | sizjügenlemege qoyduğuzjügenleme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to bridle | alajügenlemege qoydulajügenleme qoydulathey allowed someone to bridle |
| Let someone… (past) | menjügenlemege qoymadımjügenleme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to bridle | senjügenlemege qoymadıŋjügenleme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to bridle | oljügenlemege qoymadıjügenleme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to bridle | bizjügenlemege qoymadıqjügenleme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to bridle | sizjügenlemege qoymadığızjügenleme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to bridle | alajügenlemege qoymadılajügenleme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to bridle |
| Let someone… (past) | menjügenlemege qoydummu?jügenleme qoydummu?did I allow someone to bridle? | senjügenlemege qoyduŋmu?jügenleme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to bridle? | oljügenlemege qoydumu?jügenleme qoydumu?did he allow someone to bridle? | bizjügenlemege qoyduqmu?jügenleme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to bridle? | sizjügenlemege qoyduğuzmu?jügenleme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to bridle? | alajügenlemege qoydulamı?jügenleme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to bridle? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjügenlemege qoymadımmı?jügenleme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to bridle? | senjügenlemege qoymadıŋmı?jügenleme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to bridle? | oljügenlemege qoymadımı?jügenleme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to bridle? | bizjügenlemege qoymadıqmı?jügenleme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to bridle? | sizjügenlemege qoymadığızmı?jügenleme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to bridle? | alajügenlemege qoymadılamı?jügenleme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to bridle? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menjügenleyalamaI can bridle | senjügenleyalasayou can bridle | oljügenleyaladıhe can bridle | bizjügenleyalabızwe can bridle | sizjügenleyalasızyou all can bridle | alajügenleyaladılathey can bridle |
| Ability — present | menjügenleyalmaymaI can't bridle | senjügenleyalmaysayou can't bridle | oljügenleyalmaydıhe can't bridle | bizjügenleyalmaybızwe can't bridle | sizjügenleyalmaysızyou all can't bridle | alajügenleyalmaydılathey can't bridle |
| Ability — present | menjügenleyalamamı? jügenleyalamıma?can I bridle? | senjügenleyalamısa?can you bridle? | oljügenleyalamıdı?can he bridle? | bizjügenleyalabızmı? jügenleyalamıbız?can we bridle? | sizjügenleyalamısız?can you all bridle? | alajügenleyalamıdıla?can they bridle? |
| Ability — present | menjügenleyalmaymamı? jügenleyalmaymıma?can't I bridle? | senjügenleyalmaymısa?can't you bridle? | oljügenleyalmaymıdı?can't he bridle? | bizjügenleyalmaybızmı? jügenleyalmaymıbız?can't we bridle? | sizjügenleyalmaymısız?can't you all bridle? | alajügenleyalmaymıdıla?can't they bridle? |
| Ability — if I can… | menjügenleyalsamif I can bridle | senjügenleyalsaŋif you can bridle | oljügenleyalsaif he can bridle | bizjügenleyalsaqif we can bridle | sizjügenleyalsağızif you all can bridle | alajügenleyalsalaif they can bridle |
| Ability — if I can… | menjügenleyalmasamif I can't bridle | senjügenleyalmasaŋif you can't bridle | oljügenleyalmasaif he can't bridle | bizjügenleyalmasaqif we can't bridle | sizjügenleyalmasağızif you all can't bridle | alajügenleyalmasalaif they can't bridle |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menjügenleyaldımI was able to bridle | senjügenleyaldıŋyou were able to bridle | oljügenleyaldıhe was able to bridle | bizjügenleyaldıqwe were able to bridle | sizjügenleyaldığızyou all were able to bridle | alajügenleyaldılathey were able to bridle |
| Ability — simple past | menjügenleyalmadımI could not bridle | senjügenleyalmadıŋyou could not bridle | oljügenleyalmadıhe could not bridle | bizjügenleyalmadıqwe could not bridle | sizjügenleyalmadığızyou all could not bridle | alajügenleyalmadılathey could not bridle |
| Ability — simple past | menjügenleyaldımmı?was I able to bridle? | senjügenleyaldıŋmı?were you able to bridle? | oljügenleyaldımı?was he able to bridle? | bizjügenleyaldıqmı?were we able to bridle? | sizjügenleyaldığızmı?were you all able to bridle? | alajügenleyaldılamı?were they able to bridle? |
| Ability — simple past | menjügenleyalmadımmı?couldn't I bridle? | senjügenleyalmadıŋmı?couldn't you bridle? | oljügenleyalmadımı?couldn't he bridle? | bizjügenleyalmadıqmı?couldn't we bridle? | sizjügenleyalmadığızmı?couldn't you all bridle? | alajügenleyalmadılamı?couldn't they bridle? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjügenleyalğanmaI have been able to bridle | senjügenleyalğansayou have been able to bridle | oljügenleyalğandıhe has been able to bridle | bizjügenleyalğanbızwe have been able to bridle | sizjügenleyalğansızyou all have been able to bridle | alajügenleyalğandılathey have been able to bridle |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjügenleyalmağanmaI haven't been able to bridle | senjügenleyalmağansayou haven't been able to bridle | oljügenleyalmağandıhe hasn't been able to bridle | bizjügenleyalmağanbızwe haven't been able to bridle | sizjügenleyalmağansızyou all haven't been able to bridle | alajügenleyalmağandılathey haven't been able to bridle |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjügenleyalğanmamı? jügenleyalğanmıma?have I been able to bridle? | senjügenleyalğanmısa?have you been able to bridle? | oljügenleyalğanmıdı?has he been able to bridle? | bizjügenleyalğanbızmı? jügenleyalğanmıbız?have we been able to bridle? | sizjügenleyalğanmısız?have you all been able to bridle? | alajügenleyalğanmıdıla?have they been able to bridle? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjügenleyalmağanmamı? jügenleyalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to bridle? | senjügenleyalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to bridle? | oljügenleyalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to bridle? | bizjügenleyalmağanbızmı? jügenleyalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to bridle? | sizjügenleyalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to bridle? | alajügenleyalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to bridle? |
| Ability — past perfect | menjügenleyalğan edimjügenleyalğanemI had been able to bridle | senjügenleyalğan ediŋjügenleyalğaneŋyou had been able to bridle | oljügenleyalğan edijügenleyalğanedhe had been able to bridle | bizjügenleyalğan edikjügenleyalğanekwe had been able to bridle | sizjügenleyalğan edigizjügenleyalğanegizyou all had been able to bridle | alajügenleyalğan edilejügenleyalğanellethey had been able to bridle |
| Ability — past perfect | menjügenleyalmağan edimjügenleyalmağanemI hadn't been able to bridle | senjügenleyalmağan ediŋjügenleyalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to bridle | oljügenleyalmağan edijügenleyalmağanedhe hadn't been able to bridle | bizjügenleyalmağan edikjügenleyalmağanekwe hadn't been able to bridle | sizjügenleyalmağan edigizjügenleyalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to bridle | alajügenleyalmağan edilejügenleyalmağanellethey hadn't been able to bridle |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menjügenleyala edimjügenleyalaemI could bridle | senjügenleyala ediŋjügenleyalaeŋyou could bridle | oljügenleyala edijügenleyalaedhe could bridle | bizjügenleyala edikjügenleyalaekwe could bridle | sizjügenleyala edigizjügenleyalaegizyou all could bridle | alajügenleyala edilejügenleyalaellethey could bridle |
| Ability — past background | menjügenleyalmay edimjügenleyalmayemI could not bridle | senjügenleyalmay ediŋjügenleyalmayeŋyou could not bridle | oljügenleyalmay edijügenleyalmayedhe could not bridle | bizjügenleyalmay edikjügenleyalmayekwe could not bridle | sizjügenleyalmay edigizjügenleyalmayegizyou all could not bridle | alajügenleyalmay edilejügenleyalmayellethey could not bridle |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menjügenleyalırmaI will be able to bridle | senjügenleyalırsayou will be able to bridle | oljügenleyalırhe will be able to bridle | bizjügenleyalırbızwe will be able to bridle | sizjügenleyalırsızyou all will be able to bridle | alajügenleyalırlathey will be able to bridle |
| Ability — future I | menjügenleyalmazmaI won't be able to bridle | senjügenleyalmazsayou won't be able to bridle | oljügenleyalmazhe won't be able to bridle | bizjügenleyalmazbızwe won't be able to bridle | sizjügenleyalmazsızyou all won't be able to bridle | alajügenleyalmazlathey won't be able to bridle |
| Ability — future I | menjügenleyalırmamı? jügenleyalırmıma?will I be able to bridle? | senjügenleyalırmısa?will you be able to bridle? | oljügenleyalırmı?will he be able to bridle? | bizjügenleyalırbızmı? jügenleyalırmıbız?will we be able to bridle? | sizjügenleyalırmısız?will you all be able to bridle? | alajügenleyalırlamı? jügenleyalırmıla?will they be able to bridle? |
| Ability — future I | menjügenleyalmazmamı? jügenleyalmazmıma?won't I be able to bridle? | senjügenleyalmazmısa?won't you be able to bridle? | oljügenleyalmazmı?won't he be able to bridle? | bizjügenleyalmazbızmı? jügenleyalmazmıbız?won't we be able to bridle? | sizjügenleyalmazmısız?won't you all be able to bridle? | alajügenleyalmazlamı? jügenleyalmazmıla?won't they be able to bridle? |
| Ability — future II | menjügenleyallıqmaI am going to be able to bridle | senjügenleyallıqsayou are going to be able to bridle | oljügenleyallıqdıhe is going to be able to bridle | bizjügenleyallıqbızwe are going to be able to bridle | sizjügenleyallıqsızyou all are going to be able to bridle | alajügenleyallıqdılathey are going to be able to bridle |
| Ability — future II | menjügenleyallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to bridle | senjügenleyallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to bridle | oljügenleyallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to bridle | bizjügenleyallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to bridle | sizjügenleyallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to bridle | alajügenleyallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to bridle |
| Ability — future II | menjügenleyallıqmamı? jügenleyallıqmıma?am I going to be able to bridle? | senjügenleyallıqmısa?are you going to be able to bridle? | oljügenleyallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to bridle? | bizjügenleyallıqbızmı? jügenleyallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to bridle? | sizjügenleyallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to bridle? | alajügenleyallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to bridle? |
| Ability — future II | menjügenleyallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to bridle? | senjügenleyallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to bridle? | oljügenleyallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to bridle? | bizjügenleyallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to bridle? | sizjügenleyallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to bridle? | alajügenleyallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to bridle? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjügenleyalır edimjügenleyalır emI would be able to bridle | senjügenleyalır ediŋjügenleyalır eŋyou would be able to bridle | oljügenleyalır edijügenleyalır edhe would be able to bridle | bizjügenleyalır edikjügenleyalır ekwe would be able to bridle | sizjügenleyalır edigizjügenleyalır egizyou all would be able to bridle | alajügenleyalır edilejügenleyalır ellethey would be able to bridle |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjügenleyalmaz edimjügenleyalmaz emI wouldn't be able to bridle | senjügenleyalmaz ediŋjügenleyalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to bridle | oljügenleyalmaz edijügenleyalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to bridle | bizjügenleyalmaz edikjügenleyalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to bridle | sizjügenleyalmaz edigizjügenleyalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to bridle | alajügenleyalmaz edilejügenleyalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to bridle |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjügenleyalğınjügenleyalğımay you be able to bridle | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjügenleyalmağınjügenleyalmağımay you not be able to bridle | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menjügenlerge izleymeI want to bridle | senjügenlerge izleyseyou want to bridle | oljügenlerge izleydihe wants to bridle | bizjügenlerge izleybizwe want to bridle | sizjügenlerge izleysizyou all want to bridle | alajügenlerge izleydilethey want to bridle |
| want to | menjügenlerge izlemeymeI do not want to bridle | senjügenlerge izlemeyseyou do not want to bridle | oljügenlerge izlemeydihe does not want to bridle | bizjügenlerge izlemeybizwe do not want to bridle | sizjügenlerge izlemeysizyou all do not want to bridle | alajügenlerge izlemeydilethey do not want to bridle |
| would like to | menjügenlerge süemeI would like to bridle | senjügenlerge süeseyou would like to bridle | oljügenlerge süedihe would like to bridle | bizjügenlerge süebizwe would like to bridle | sizjügenlerge süesizyou all would like to bridle | alajügenlerge süedilethey would like to bridle |
| would like to | menjügenlerge süymeymeI would not like to bridle | senjügenlerge süymeyseyou would not like to bridle | oljügenlerge süymeydihe would not like to bridle | bizjügenlerge süymeybizwe would not like to bridle | sizjügenlerge süymeysizyou all would not like to bridle | alajügenlerge süymeydilethey would not like to bridle |
| hope to | menjügenlerge umutlanamaI hope to bridle | senjügenlerge umutlanasayou hope to bridle | oljügenlerge umutlanadıhe hopes to bridle | bizjügenlerge umutlanabızwe hope to bridle | sizjügenlerge umutlanasızyou all hope to bridle | alajügenlerge umutlanadılathey hope to bridle |
| hope to | menjügenlerge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to bridle | senjügenlerge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to bridle | oljügenlerge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to bridle | bizjügenlerge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to bridle | sizjügenlerge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to bridle | alajügenlerge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to bridle |
| be about to | menjügenlerge deb turamaI am about to bridle | senjügenlerge deb turasayou are about to bridle | oljügenlerge deb turadıhe is about to bridle | bizjügenlerge deb turabızwe are about to bridle | sizjügenlerge deb turasızyou all are about to bridle | alajügenlerge deb turadılathey are about to bridle |
| be about to | menjügenlerge deb turmaymaI am not about to bridle | senjügenlerge deb turmaysayou are not about to bridle | oljügenlerge deb turmaydıhe is not about to bridle | bizjügenlerge deb turmaybızwe are not about to bridle | sizjügenlerge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to bridle | alajügenlerge deb turmaydılathey are not about to bridle |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menjügenlerge kerekmeI need to bridle | senjügenlerge kerekseyou need to bridle | oljügenlerge kerekdihe needs to bridle | bizjügenlerge kerekbizwe need to bridle | sizjügenlerge kereksizyou all need to bridle | alajügenlerge kerekdilethey need to bridle |
| need to | menjügenlerge kerek tülmeI do not need to bridle | senjügenlerge kerek tülseyou do not need to bridle | oljügenlerge kerek tüldühe does not need to bridle | bizjügenlerge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to bridle | sizjügenlerge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to bridle | alajügenlerge kerek tüldülethey do not need to bridle |
| have to | menmenŋe jügenlerge tüşediI have to bridle | sensenŋe jügenlerge tüşediyou have to bridle | olaŋa jügenlerge tüşedihe has to bridle | bizbizge jügenlerge tüşediwe have to bridle | sizsizge jügenlerge tüşediyou all have to bridle | alaalağa jügenlerge tüşedithey have to bridle |
| have to | menmenŋe jügenlerge tüşmeydiI do not have to bridle | sensenŋe jügenlerge tüşmeydiyou do not have to bridle | olaŋa jügenlerge tüşmeydihe does not have to bridle | bizbizge jügenlerge tüşmeydiwe do not have to bridle | sizsizge jügenlerge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to bridle | alaalağa jügenlerge tüşmeydithey do not have to bridle |
| be obliged to | menjügenlerge borçlumaI am obliged to bridle | senjügenlerge borçlusayou are obliged to bridle | oljügenlerge borçluduhe is obliged to bridle | bizjügenlerge borçlubuzwe are obliged to bridle | sizjügenlerge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to bridle | alajügenlerge borçludulathey are obliged to bridle |
| be obliged to | menjügenlerge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to bridle | senjügenlerge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to bridle | oljügenlerge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to bridle | bizjügenlerge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to bridle | sizjügenlerge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to bridle | alajügenlerge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to bridle |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menjügenlerge madarım bardıI have a way to bridle | senjügenlerge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to bridle | oljügenlerge madarı bardıhe has a way to bridle | bizjügenlerge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to bridle | sizjügenlerge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to bridle | alajügenlerge madarları bardıthey have a way to bridle |
| have a way to | menjügenlerge madarım joqduI have no way to bridle | senjügenlerge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to bridle | oljügenlerge madarı joqduhe has no way to bridle | bizjügenlerge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to bridle | sizjügenlerge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to bridle | alajügenlerge madarları joqduthey have no way to bridle |
| be free to | menjügenlerge erkinligim bardıI am free to bridle | senjügenlerge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to bridle | oljügenlerge erkinligi bardıhe is free to bridle | bizjügenlerge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to bridle | sizjügenlerge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to bridle | alajügenlerge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to bridle |
| be free to | menjügenlerge erkinligim joqduI am not free to bridle | senjügenlerge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to bridle | oljügenlerge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to bridle | bizjügenlerge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to bridle | sizjügenlerge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to bridle | alajügenlerge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to bridle |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jügenlerge bolluqduit is possible for me to bridle | sensenŋe jügenlerge bolluqduit is possible for you to bridle | olaŋa jügenlerge bolluqduit is possible for him to bridle | bizbizge jügenlerge bolluqduit is possible for us to bridle | sizsizge jügenlerge bolluqduit is possible for you all to bridle | alaalağa jügenlerge bolluqduit is possible for them to bridle |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jügenlerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to bridle | sensenŋe jügenlerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to bridle | olaŋa jügenlerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to bridle | bizbizge jügenlerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to bridle | sizsizge jügenlerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to bridle | alaalağa jügenlerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to bridle |
| be ready to | menjügenlerge hazırmaI am ready to bridle | senjügenlerge hazırsayou are ready to bridle | oljügenlerge hazırdıhe is ready to bridle | bizjügenlerge hazırbızwe are ready to bridle | sizjügenlerge hazırsızyou all are ready to bridle | alajügenlerge hazırdılathey are ready to bridle |
| be ready to | menjügenlerge hazır tülmeI am not ready to bridle | senjügenlerge hazır tülseyou are not ready to bridle | oljügenlerge hazır tüldühe is not ready to bridle | bizjügenlerge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to bridle | sizjügenlerge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to bridle | alajügenlerge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to bridle |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menjügenlerge küreşemeI am trying to bridle | senjügenlerge küreşeseyou are trying to bridle | oljügenlerge küreşedihe is trying to bridle | bizjügenlerge küreşebizwe are trying to bridle | sizjügenlerge küreşesizyou all are trying to bridle | alajügenlerge küreşedilethey are trying to bridle |
| try to | menjügenlerge küreşmeymeI am not trying to bridle | senjügenlerge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to bridle | oljügenlerge küreşmeydihe is not trying to bridle | bizjügenlerge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to bridle | sizjügenlerge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to bridle | alajügenlerge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to bridle |
| agree to | menjügenlerge unaymaI agree to bridle | senjügenlerge unaysayou agree to bridle | oljügenlerge unaydıhe agrees to bridle | bizjügenlerge unaybızwe agree to bridle | sizjügenlerge unaysızyou all agree to bridle | alajügenlerge unaydılathey agree to bridle |
| agree to | menjügenlerge unamaymaI refuse to bridle | senjügenlerge unamaysayou refuse to bridle | oljügenlerge unamaydıhe refuses to bridle | bizjügenlerge unamaybızwe refuse to bridle | sizjügenlerge unamaysızyou all refuse to bridle | alajügenlerge unamaydılathey refuse to bridle |
| hurry to | menjügenlerge aşığamaI am in a hurry to bridle | senjügenlerge aşığasayou are in a hurry to bridle | oljügenlerge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to bridle | bizjügenlerge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to bridle | sizjügenlerge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to bridle | alajügenlerge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to bridle |
| hurry to | menjügenlerge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to bridle | senjügenlerge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to bridle | oljügenlerge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to bridle | bizjügenlerge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to bridle | sizjügenlerge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to bridle | alajügenlerge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to bridle |
| be afraid to | menjügenlerge qorqamaI am afraid to bridle | senjügenlerge qorqasayou are afraid to bridle | oljügenlerge qorqadıhe is afraid to bridle | bizjügenlerge qorqabızwe are afraid to bridle | sizjügenlerge qorqasızyou all are afraid to bridle | alajügenlerge qorqadılathey are afraid to bridle |
| be afraid to | menjügenlerge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to bridle | senjügenlerge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to bridle | oljügenlerge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to bridle | bizjügenlerge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to bridle | sizjügenlerge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to bridle | alajügenlerge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to bridle |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menjügenley bolmazmaI can't be bridling | senjügenley bolmazsayou can't be bridling | oljügenley bolmazhe can't be bridling | bizjügenley bolmazbızwe can't be bridling | sizjügenley bolmazsızyou all can't be bridling | alajügenley bolmazlathey can't be bridling |
| Inference, present — double negation | menjügenlemey bolmazmaI must be bridling (emphatic) | senjügenlemey bolmazsayou must be bridling (emphatic) | oljügenlemey bolmazhe must be bridling (emphatic) | bizjügenlemey bolmazbızwe must be bridling (emphatic) | sizjügenlemey bolmazsızyou all must be bridling (emphatic) | alajügenlemey bolmazlathey must be bridling (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menjügenley turmasamif I don't keep bridling | senjügenley turmasaŋif you don't keep bridling | oljügenley turmasaif he doesn't keep bridling | bizjügenley turmasaqif we don't keep bridling | sizjügenley turmasağızif you all don't keep bridling | alajügenley turmasalaif they don't keep bridling |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menjügenley tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of bridling | senjügenley tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of bridling | oljügenley tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of bridling | bizjügenley tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of bridling | sizjügenley tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of bridling | alajügenley tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of bridling |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menjügenlemey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not bridling (emphatic) | senjügenlemey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not bridling (emphatic) | oljügenlemey tura bolmazhe must keep on not bridling (emphatic) | bizjügenlemey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not bridling (emphatic) | sizjügenlemey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not bridling (emphatic) | alajügenlemey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not bridling (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menjügenlemey turamaI keep on not bridling | senjügenlemey turasayou keep on not bridling | oljügenlemey turadıhe keeps on not bridling | bizjügenlemey turabızwe keep on not bridling | sizjügenlemey turasızyou all keep on not bridling | alajügenlemey turadılathey keep on not bridling |
| Progressive — double negation | menjügenlemey turmaymaI am not keeping on not bridling | senjügenlemey turmaysayou are not keeping on not bridling | oljügenlemey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not bridling | bizjügenlemey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not bridling | sizjügenlemey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not bridling | alajügenlemey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not bridling |
| Progressive — double negation | menjügenlemey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not bridling? | senjügenlemey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not bridling? | oljügenlemey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not bridling? | bizjügenlemey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not bridling? | sizjügenlemey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not bridling? | alajügenlemey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not bridling? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menjügenlegen bolmazmaI can't have bridled | senjügenlegen bolmazsayou can't have bridled | oljügenlegen bolmazhe can't have bridled | bizjügenlegen bolmazbızwe can't have bridled | sizjügenlegen bolmazsızyou all can't have bridled | alajügenlegen bolmazlathey can't have bridled |
| Inference — double negation | menjügenlemegen bolmazmaI must have bridled (emphatic) | senjügenlemegen bolmazsayou must have bridled (emphatic) | oljügenlemegen bolmazhe must have bridled (emphatic) | bizjügenlemegen bolmazbızwe must have bridled (emphatic) | sizjügenlemegen bolmazsızyou all must have bridled (emphatic) | alajügenlemegen bolmazlathey must have bridled (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menjügenlegen bolmasamif it weren't that I had bridled | senjügenlegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had bridled | oljügenlegen bolmasaif it weren't that he had bridled | bizjügenlegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had bridled | sizjügenlegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had bridled | alajügenlegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had bridled |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menjügenlemegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't bridled | senjügenlemegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't bridled | oljügenlemegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't bridled | bizjügenlemegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't bridled | sizjügenlemegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't bridled | alajügenlemegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't bridled |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menjügenlerik bolmazmaI can't be going to bridle | senjügenlerik bolmazsayou can't be going to bridle | oljügenlerik bolmazhe can't be going to bridle | bizjügenlerik bolmazbızwe can't be going to bridle | sizjügenlerik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to bridle | alajügenlerik bolmazlathey can't be going to bridle |
| Inference, future — double negation | menjügenlemezlik bolmazmaI must be going to bridle (emphatic) | senjügenlemezlik bolmazsayou must be going to bridle (emphatic) | oljügenlemezlik bolmazhe must be going to bridle (emphatic) | bizjügenlemezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to bridle (emphatic) | sizjügenlemezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to bridle (emphatic) | alajügenlemezlik bolmazlathey must be going to bridle (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menjügenlerik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to bridle | senjügenlerik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to bridle | oljügenlerik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to bridle | bizjügenlerik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to bridle | sizjügenlerik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to bridle | alajügenlerik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to bridle |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menjügenlemezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to bridle | senjügenlemezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to bridle | oljügenlemezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to bridle | bizjügenlemezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to bridle | sizjügenlemezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to bridle | alajügenlemezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to bridle |