jortarğa / jorturğa
/dʒortarʁa/, /dʒorturʁa/
1. trot, go at a trot (of a horse or donkey) — With uaq it means jog, go at a slow trot.
- atla jortadıla — the horses are trotting
- at jortub baradı — the horse trots along
- eşek jortub baradı — the donkey is trotting along
- uwaq jortarğa — to jog, to go at a slow trot
- itim allımda jortub bara edi — my dog was trotting on ahead of me
- oramnı jorthanlay — trotting along the street
2. ride at a trot (on a horse, donkey or mule)
- atına minib jorthanlay — riding his horse at a trot
- eşekge minib jortdu — he rode a donkey at a trot
- anı ızından atla bla jorthanlay — trotting after him on horses
- jortub kele edile — they were riding along at a trot
3. hurry along, rush about
- qayrı jortasa? — where are you hurrying to?
- jaşçıq tükenŋe jortub ketdi — the little boy ran off to the shop
- ertdenlikden beri jortama — I have been running about since morning
- taŋ athanlı jortama, alaşanı tabmayma — I have been rushing about since daybreak and cannot find my horse
- örge-enişge jorta edi — he used to run up and down
- komandir kesini batareyasına jortdu — the commander hurried to his own battery
4. range about, prowl (of animals searching for something)
- börüle jortadıla — the wolves range about
- bir kün tülkü jorta keldi — one day a fox came prowling
- it jortub çıqdı — a dog came prowling out
- tögerekge jorta çaba — ranging and running around
5. go fast (of vehicles) one source
- maşinala jortadıla — the cars are speeding along
- jortadıla maşinala — the cars speed along
6. dart, flit restlessly from one thing to another (of the eyes) one source
- közleri jortadıla — his eyes dart about
- közçükleri arı-beri jortdula — his little eyes darted here and there
- közleri birinden birine jortdula — his eyes darted from one to another
- anı közleri tögerekge jorta ketib — his eyes darting around
7. fawn on someone, dance attendance on someone — Used in the phrase tögeregine jortarğa, literally 'run around someone'. one source
- tögeregine jortarğa — to dance attendance on someone
- baynı tögeregine jortadı — he fawns on the rich man
- tögeregime jortma — don't fawn on me
Conjugation
Common forms
- jortadıhe is trotting
- jortduhe trotted
- jorthandıhe has trotted
- jortarhe will trot
- jortarıqdıhe is going to trot
- jorta edihe was trotting
- jortsaif he trots
- jort!trot!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjortamaI am trotting | senjortasayou are trotting | oljortadıhe is trotting | bizjortabızwe are trotting | sizjortasızyou all are trotting | alajortadılathey are trotting |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjortmaymaI am not trotting | senjortmaysayou are not trotting | oljortmaydıhe is not trotting | bizjortmaybızwe are not trotting | sizjortmaysızyou all are not trotting | alajortmaydılathey are not trotting |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjortamamı? jortamıma?am I trotting? | senjortamısa?are you trotting? | oljortamıdı?is he trotting? | bizjortabızmı? jortamıbız?are we trotting? | sizjortamısız?are you all trotting? | alajortamıdıla?are they trotting? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjortmaymamı? jortmaymıma?aren't I trotting? | senjortmaymısa?aren't you trotting? | oljortmaymıdı?isn't he trotting? | bizjortmaybızmı? jortmaymıbız?aren't we trotting? | sizjortmaymısız?aren't you all trotting? | alajortmaymıdıla?aren't they trotting? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjortuwçanmaI usually trot | senjortuwçansayou usually trot | oljortuwçandıhe usually trots | bizjortuwçanbızwe usually trot | sizjortuwçansızyou all usually trot | alajortuwçandılathey usually trot |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjortmawçanmaI usually don't trot | senjortmawçansayou usually don't trot | oljortmawçandıhe usually doesn't trot | bizjortmawçanbızwe usually don't trot | sizjortmawçansızyou all usually don't trot | alajortmawçandılathey usually don't trot |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjortuwçanmamı? jortuwçanmıma?do I usually trot? | senjortuwçanmısa?do you usually trot? | oljortuwçanmıdı?does he usually trot? | bizjortuwçanbızmı? jortuwçanmıbız?do we usually trot? | sizjortuwçanmısız?do you all usually trot? | alajortuwçanmıdıla?do they usually trot? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjortmawçanmamı? jortmawçanmıma?do I usually not trot? | senjortmawçanmısa?do you usually not trot? | oljortmawçanmıdı?does he usually not trot? | bizjortmawçanbızmı? jortmawçanmıbız?do we usually not trot? | sizjortmawçanmısız?do you all usually not trot? | alajortmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not trot? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljortubduhe has trotted and remains so | alajortubdulathey have trotted and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljortubmudu?has he trotted? | alajortubmudula?have they trotted? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjortub turamaI keep trotting | senjortub turasayou keep trotting | oljortub turadıhe keeps trotting | bizjortub turabızwe keep trotting | sizjortub turasızyou all keep trotting | alajortub turadılathey keep trotting |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjortub turmaymaI don't keep trotting | senjortub turmaysayou don't keep trotting | oljortub turmaydıhe doesn't keep trotting | bizjortub turmaybızwe don't keep trotting | sizjortub turmaysızyou all don't keep trotting | alajortub turmaydılathey don't keep trotting |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjortub turamamı? jortub turamıma?do I keep trotting? | senjortub turamısa?do you keep trotting? | oljortub turamıdı?does he keep trotting? | bizjortub turabızmı? jortub turamıbız?do we keep trotting? | sizjortub turamısız?do you all keep trotting? | alajortub turamıdıla?do they keep trotting? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjortub turmaymamı? jortub turmaymıma?don't I keep trotting? | senjortub turmaymısa?don't you keep trotting? | oljortub turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep trotting? | bizjortub turmaybızmı? jortub turmaymıbız?don't we keep trotting? | sizjortub turmaymısız?don't you all keep trotting? | alajortub turmaymıdıla?don't they keep trotting? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjorta turamaI am in the middle of trotting | senjorta turasayou are in the middle of trotting | oljorta turadıhe is in the middle of trotting | bizjorta turabızwe are in the middle of trotting | sizjorta turasızyou all are in the middle of trotting | alajorta turadılathey are in the middle of trotting |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjorta turmaymaI am not in the middle of trotting | senjorta turmaysayou are not in the middle of trotting | oljorta turmaydıhe is not in the middle of trotting | bizjorta turmaybızwe are not in the middle of trotting | sizjorta turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of trotting | alajorta turmaydılathey are not in the middle of trotting |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjorta turamamı? jorta turamıma?am I in the middle of trotting? | senjorta turamısa?are you in the middle of trotting? | oljorta turamıdı?is he in the middle of trotting? | bizjorta turabızmı? jorta turamıbız?are we in the middle of trotting? | sizjorta turamısız?are you all in the middle of trotting? | alajorta turamıdıla?are they in the middle of trotting? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjorta turmaymamı? jorta turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of trotting? | senjorta turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of trotting? | oljorta turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of trotting? | bizjorta turmaybızmı? jorta turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of trotting? | sizjorta turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of trotting? | alajorta turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of trotting? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjortdumI trotted | senjortduŋyou trotted | oljortduhe trotted | bizjortduqwe trotted | sizjortduğuzyou all trotted | alajortdulathey trotted |
| Simple past (definite) | menjortmadımI didn't trot | senjortmadıŋyou didn't trot | oljortmadıhe didn't trot | bizjortmadıqwe didn't trot | sizjortmadığızyou all didn't trot | alajortmadılathey didn't trot |
| Simple past (definite) | menjortdummu?did I trot? | senjortduŋmu?did you trot? | oljortdumu?did he trot? | bizjortduqmu?did we trot? | sizjortduğuzmu?did you all trot? | alajortdulamı?did they trot? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjortmadımmı?didn't I trot? | senjortmadıŋmı?didn't you trot? | oljortmadımı?didn't he trot? | bizjortmadıqmı?didn't we trot? | sizjortmadığızmı?didn't you all trot? | alajortmadılamı?didn't they trot? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjorthanmaI have trotted | senjorthansayou have trotted | oljorthandıhe has trotted | bizjorthanbızwe have trotted | sizjorthansızyou all have trotted | alajorthandılathey have trotted |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjortmağanmaI haven't trotted | senjortmağansayou haven't trotted | oljortmağandıhe hasn't trotted | bizjortmağanbızwe haven't trotted | sizjortmağansızyou all haven't trotted | alajortmağandılathey haven't trotted |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjorthanmamı? jorthanmıma?have I trotted? | senjorthanmısa?have you trotted? | oljorthanmıdı?has he trotted? | bizjorthanbızmı? jorthanmıbız?have we trotted? | sizjorthanmısız?have you all trotted? | alajorthanmıdıla?have they trotted? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjortmağanmamı? jortmağanmıma?haven't I trotted? | senjortmağanmısa?haven't you trotted? | oljortmağanmıdı?hasn't he trotted? | bizjortmağanbızmı? jortmağanmıbız?haven't we trotted? | sizjortmağanmısız?haven't you all trotted? | alajortmağanmıdıla?haven't they trotted? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjortub turdumI kept trotting | senjortub turduŋyou kept trotting | oljortub turduhe kept trotting | bizjortub turduqwe kept trotting | sizjortub turduğuzyou all kept trotting | alajortub turdulathey kept trotting |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjortub turmadımI didn't keep trotting | senjortub turmadıŋyou didn't keep trotting | oljortub turmadıhe didn't keep trotting | bizjortub turmadıqwe didn't keep trotting | sizjortub turmadığızyou all didn't keep trotting | alajortub turmadılathey didn't keep trotting |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjortarmaI will trot | senjortarsayou will trot | oljortarhe will trot | bizjortarbızwe will trot | sizjortarsızyou all will trot | alajortarlathey will trot |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjortmazmaI won't trot | senjortmazsayou won't trot | oljortmazhe won't trot | bizjortmazbızwe won't trot | sizjortmazsızyou all won't trot | alajortmazlathey won't trot |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjortarmamı? jortarmıma?will I trot? | senjortarmısa?will you trot? | oljortarmı?will he trot? | bizjortarbızmı? jortarmıbız?will we trot? | sizjortarmısız?will you all trot? | alajortarlamı? jortarmıla?will they trot? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjortmazmamı? jortmazmıma?won't I trot? | senjortmazmısa?won't you trot? | oljortmazmı?won't he trot? | bizjortmazbızmı? jortmazmıbız?won't we trot? | sizjortmazmısız?won't you all trot? | alajortmazlamı? jortmazmıla?won't they trot? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjortarıqmaI am going to trot | senjortarıqsayou are going to trot | oljortarıqdıhe is going to trot | bizjortarıqbızwe are going to trot | sizjortarıqsızyou all are going to trot | alajortarıqdılathey are going to trot |
| Definite future (future II) | menjortarıq tülmeI am not going to trot | senjortarıq tülseyou are not going to trot | oljortarıq tüldühe is not going to trot | bizjortarıq tülbüzwe are not going to trot | sizjortarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to trot | alajortarıq tüldülethey are not going to trot |
| Definite future (future II) | menjortarıqmamı? jortarıqmıma?am I going to trot? | senjortarıqmısa?are you going to trot? | oljortarıqmıdı?is he going to trot? | bizjortarıqbızmı? jortarıqmıbız?are we going to trot? | sizjortarıqmısız?are you all going to trot? | alajortarıqmıdıla?are they going to trot? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjortarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to trot? | senjortarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to trot? | oljortarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to trot? | bizjortarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to trot? | sizjortarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to trot? | alajortarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to trot? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjorthan edimjorthanemI had trotted | senjorthan ediŋjorthaneŋyou had trotted | oljorthan edijorthanedhe had trotted | bizjorthan edikjorthanekwe had trotted | sizjorthan edigizjorthanegizyou all had trotted | alajorthan edilejorthanellethey had trotted |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjortmağan edimjortmağanemI hadn't trotted | senjortmağan ediŋjortmağaneŋyou hadn't trotted | oljortmağan edijortmağanedhe hadn't trotted | bizjortmağan edikjortmağanekwe hadn't trotted | sizjortmağan edigizjortmağanegizyou all hadn't trotted | alajortmağan edilejortmağanellethey hadn't trotted |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjorta edimjortaemI was trotting | senjorta ediŋjortaeŋyou were trotting | oljorta edijortaedhe was trotting | bizjorta edikjortaekwe were trotting | sizjorta edigizjortaegizyou all were trotting | alajorta edilejortaellethey were trotting |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjortmay edimjortmayemI wasn't trotting | senjortmay ediŋjortmayeŋyou weren't trotting | oljortmay edijortmayedhe wasn't trotting | bizjortmay edikjortmayekwe weren't trotting | sizjortmay edigizjortmayegizyou all weren't trotting | alajortmay edilejortmayellethey weren't trotting |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menjortuwçan edimjortuwçanemI used to trot | senjortuwçan ediŋjortuwçaneŋyou used to trot | oljortuwçan edijortuwçanedhe used to trot | bizjortuwçan edikjortuwçanekwe used to trot | sizjortuwçan edigizjortuwçanegizyou all used to trot | alajortuwçan edilejortuwçanellethey used to trot |
| Habitual past (used to) | menjortmawçan edimjortmawçanemI didn't use to trot | senjortmawçan ediŋjortmawçaneŋyou didn't use to trot | oljortmawçan edijortmawçanedhe didn't use to trot | bizjortmawçan edikjortmawçanekwe didn't use to trot | sizjortmawçan edigizjortmawçanegizyou all didn't use to trot | alajortmawçan edilejortmawçanellethey didn't use to trot |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljortub edihe had trotted and remained so | alajortub edilethey had trotted and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljortub tül edihe hadn't trotted | alajortub tül edilethey hadn't trotted | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjortub tura edimjortub turaemI had kept trotting | senjortub tura ediŋjortub turaeŋyou had kept trotting | oljortub tura edijortub turaedhe had kept trotting | bizjortub tura edikjortub turaekwe had kept trotting | sizjortub tura edigizjortub turaegizyou all had kept trotting | alajortub tura edilejortub turaellethey had kept trotting |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjortub turmay edimjortub turmayemI hadn't kept trotting | senjortub turmay ediŋjortub turmayeŋyou hadn't kept trotting | oljortub turmay edijortub turmayedhe hadn't kept trotting | bizjortub turmay edikjortub turmayekwe hadn't kept trotting | sizjortub turmay edigizjortub turmayegizyou all hadn't kept trotting | alajortub turmay edilejortub turmayellethey hadn't kept trotting |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjorta tura edimjorta turaemI was in the middle of trotting | senjorta tura ediŋjorta turaeŋyou were in the middle of trotting | oljorta tura edijorta turaedhe was in the middle of trotting | bizjorta tura edikjorta turaekwe were in the middle of trotting | sizjorta tura edigizjorta turaegizyou all were in the middle of trotting | alajorta tura edilejorta turaellethey were in the middle of trotting |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjorta turmay edimjorta turmayemI wasn't in the middle of trotting | senjorta turmay ediŋjorta turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of trotting | oljorta turmay edijorta turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of trotting | bizjorta turmay edikjorta turmayekwe weren't in the middle of trotting | sizjorta turmay edigizjorta turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of trotting | alajorta turmay edilejorta turmayellethey weren't in the middle of trotting |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menjortar edimjortar emI would trot | senjortar ediŋjortar eŋyou would trot | oljortar edijortar edhe would trot | bizjortar edikjortar ekwe would trot | sizjortar edigizjortar egizyou all would trot | alajortar edilejortar ellethey would trot |
| Conditional result (would) | menjortmaz edimjortmaz emI wouldn't trot | senjortmaz ediŋjortmaz eŋyou wouldn't trot | oljortmaz edijortmaz edhe wouldn't trot | bizjortmaz edikjortmaz ekwe wouldn't trot | sizjortmaz edigizjortmaz egizyou all wouldn't trot | alajortmaz edilejortmaz ellethey wouldn't trot |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjortarıq edimjortarıq emI would have trotted | senjortarıq ediŋjortarıq eŋyou would have trotted | oljortarıq edijortarıq edhe would have trotted | bizjortarıq edikjortarıq ekwe would have trotted | sizjortarıq edigizjortarıq egizyou all would have trotted | alajortarıq edilejortarıq ellethey would have trotted |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjortarıq tül edimjortarıq tül emI wouldn't have trotted | senjortarıq tül ediŋjortarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have trotted | oljortarıq tül edijortarıq tül edhe wouldn't have trotted | bizjortarıq tül edikjortarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have trotted | sizjortarıq tül edigizjortarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have trotted | alajortarıq tül edilejortarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have trotted |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menjortsamif I trot | senjortsaŋif you trot | oljortsaif he trots | bizjortsaqif we trot | sizjortsağızif you all trot | alajortsalaif they trot |
| Conditional | menjortmasamif I don't trot | senjortmasaŋif you don't trot | oljortmasaif he doesn't trot | bizjortmasaqif we don't trot | sizjortmasağızif you all don't trot | alajortmasalaif they don't trot |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menjorta esemif I am trotting | senjorta eseŋif you are trotting | oljorta eseif he is trotting | bizjorta esekif we are trotting | sizjorta esegizif you all are trotting | alajorta eseleif they are trotting |
| Conditional, present real | menjortmay esemif I am not trotting | senjortmay eseŋif you are not trotting | oljortmay eseif he is not trotting | bizjortmay esekif we are not trotting | sizjortmay esegizif you all are not trotting | alajortmay eseleif they are not trotting |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjortsam edijortsam edif only I trotted | senjortsaŋ edijortsaŋ edif only you trotted | oljortsa edijortsaedif only he trotted | bizjortsaq edijortsaq edif only we trotted | sizjortsağız edijortsağız edif only you all trotted | alajortsala edijortsalaedif only they trotted |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjortmasam edijortmasam edif only I didn't trot | senjortmasaŋ edijortmasaŋ edif only you didn't trot | oljortmasa edijortmasaedif only he didn't trot | bizjortmasaq edijortmasaq edif only we didn't trot | sizjortmasağız edijortmasağız edif only you all didn't trot | alajortmasala edijortmasalaedif only they didn't trot |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menjortub tursamif I carry on trotting | senjortub tursaŋif you carry on trotting | oljortub tursaif he carries on trotting | bizjortub tursaqif we carry on trotting | sizjortub tursağızif you all carry on trotting | alajortub tursalaif they carry on trotting |
| Durative conditional | menjortub turmasamif I don't carry on trotting | senjortub turmasaŋif you don't carry on trotting | oljortub turmasaif he doesn't carry on trotting | bizjortub turmasaqif we don't carry on trotting | sizjortub turmasağızif you all don't carry on trotting | alajortub turmasalaif they don't carry on trotting |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menjortub tura esemif I have kept trotting | senjortub tura eseŋif you have kept trotting | oljortub tura eseif he has kept trotting | bizjortub tura esekif we have kept trotting | sizjortub tura esegizif you all have kept trotting | alajortub tura eseleif they have kept trotting |
| Durative conditional, present real | menjortub turmay esemif I haven't kept trotting | senjortub turmay eseŋif you haven't kept trotting | oljortub turmay eseif he hasn't kept trotting | bizjortub turmay esekif we haven't kept trotting | sizjortub turmay esegizif you all haven't kept trotting | alajortub turmay eseleif they haven't kept trotting |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menjorta tursamif I keep trotting | senjorta tursaŋif you keep trotting | oljorta tursaif he keeps trotting | bizjorta tursaqif we keep trotting | sizjorta tursağızif you all keep trotting | alajorta tursalaif they keep trotting |
| Progressive conditional | menjortmay tursamif I keep on not trotting | senjortmay tursaŋif you keep on not trotting | oljortmay tursaif he keeps on not trotting | bizjortmay tursaqif we keep on not trotting | sizjortmay tursağızif you all keep on not trotting | alajortmay tursalaif they keep on not trotting |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjorta tura esemif I am in the middle of trotting | senjorta tura eseŋif you are in the middle of trotting | oljorta tura eseif he is in the middle of trotting | bizjorta tura esekif we are in the middle of trotting | sizjorta tura esegizif you all are in the middle of trotting | alajorta tura eseleif they are in the middle of trotting |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjortmay tura esemif I keep on not trotting | senjortmay tura eseŋif you keep on not trotting | oljortmay tura eseif he keeps on not trotting | bizjortmay tura esekif we keep on not trotting | sizjortmay tura esegizif you all keep on not trotting | alajortmay tura eseleif they keep on not trotting |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjortdum esemif I trotted | senjortduŋ eseŋif you trotted | oljortdu eseif he trotted | bizjortduq esekif we trotted | sizjortduğuz esegizif you all trotted | alajortdula eseleif they trotted |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjortmadım esemif I didn't trot | senjortmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't trot | oljortmadı eseif he didn't trot | bizjortmadıq esekif we didn't trot | sizjortmadığız esegizif you all didn't trot | alajortmadıla eseleif they didn't trot |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menjorthan esemif I did trot (indeed) | senjorthan eseŋif you did trot (indeed) | oljorthan eseif he did trot (indeed) | bizjorthan esekif we did trot (indeed) | sizjorthan esegizif you all did trot (indeed) | alajorthan eseleif they did trot (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menjortmağan esemif I didn't trot (indeed) | senjortmağan eseŋif you didn't trot (indeed) | oljortmağan eseif he didn't trot (indeed) | bizjortmağan esekif we didn't trot (indeed) | sizjortmağan esegizif you all didn't trot (indeed) | alajortmağan eseleif they didn't trot (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjorthan bolsamif I had trotted | senjorthan bolsaŋif you had trotted | oljorthan bolsaif he had trotted | bizjorthan bolsaqif we had trotted | sizjorthan bolsağızif you all had trotted | alajorthan bolsalaif they had trotted |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjortmağan bolsamif I hadn't trotted | senjortmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't trotted | oljortmağan bolsaif he hadn't trotted | bizjortmağan bolsaqif we hadn't trotted | sizjortmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't trotted | alajortmağan bolsalaif they hadn't trotted |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjorthan bolsam edijorthan bolsam edif only I had trotted | senjorthan bolsaŋ edijorthan bolsaŋ edif only you had trotted | oljorthan bolsa edijorthan bolsaedif only he had trotted | bizjorthan bolsaq edijorthan bolsaq edif only we had trotted | sizjorthan bolsağız edijorthan bolsağız edif only you all had trotted | alajorthan bolsala edijorthan bolsalaedif only they had trotted |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjortmağan bolsam edijortmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't trotted | senjortmağan bolsaŋ edijortmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't trotted | oljortmağan bolsa edijortmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't trotted | bizjortmağan bolsaq edijortmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't trotted | sizjortmağan bolsağız edijortmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't trotted | alajortmağan bolsala edijortmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't trotted |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menjortar esemif I will trot | senjortar eseŋif you will trot | oljortar eseif he will trot | bizjortar esekif we will trot | sizjortar esegizif you all will trot | alajortar eseleif they will trot |
| Conditional, aorist | menjortmaz esemif I won't trot | senjortmaz eseŋif you won't trot | oljortmaz eseif he won't trot | bizjortmaz esekif we won't trot | sizjortmaz esegizif you all won't trot | alajortmaz eseleif they won't trot |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menjortarıq esemif I am going to trot | senjortarıq eseŋif you are going to trot | oljortarıq eseif he is going to trot | bizjortarıq esekif we are going to trot | sizjortarıq esegizif you all are going to trot | alajortarıq eseleif they are going to trot |
| Conditional, future | menjortarıq tül esemif I am not going to trot | senjortarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to trot | oljortarıq tül eseif he is not going to trot | bizjortarıq tül esekif we are not going to trot | sizjortarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to trot | alajortarıq tül eseleif they are not going to trot |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjortarıq bolsamif I were going to trot | senjortarıq bolsaŋif you were going to trot | oljortarıq bolsaif he were going to trot | bizjortarıq bolsaqif we were going to trot | sizjortarıq bolsağızif you all were going to trot | alajortarıq bolsalaif they were going to trot |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjortmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to trot | senjortmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to trot | oljortmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to trot | bizjortmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to trot | sizjortmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to trot | alajortmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to trot |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso jortduŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjorta bolurmaI must be trotting | senjorta bolursayou must be trotting | oljorta bolurhe must be trotting | bizjorta bolurbuzwe must be trotting | sizjorta bolursuzyou all must be trotting | alajorta bolurlathey must be trotting |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjortmay bolurmaI must not be trotting | senjortmay bolursayou must not be trotting | oljortmay bolurhe must not be trotting | bizjortmay bolurbuzwe must not be trotting | sizjortmay bolursuzyou all must not be trotting | alajortmay bolurlathey must not be trotting |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjorta tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of trotting | senjorta tura bolursayou must be in the middle of trotting | oljorta tura bolurhe must be in the middle of trotting | bizjorta tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of trotting | sizjorta tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of trotting | alajorta tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of trotting |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjortmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not trotting | senjortmay tura bolursayou must keep on not trotting | oljortmay tura bolurhe must keep on not trotting | bizjortmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not trotting | sizjortmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not trotting | alajortmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not trotting |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menjorthan bolurmaI must have trotted | senjorthan bolursayou must have trotted | oljorthan bolurhe must have trotted | bizjorthan bolurbuzwe must have trotted | sizjorthan bolursuzyou all must have trotted | alajorthan bolurlathey must have trotted |
| Inference (must have) | menjortmağan bolurmaI must not have trotted | senjortmağan bolursayou must not have trotted | oljortmağan bolurhe must not have trotted | bizjortmağan bolurbuzwe must not have trotted | sizjortmağan bolursuzyou all must not have trotted | alajortmağan bolurlathey must not have trotted |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjortarıq bolurmaI must be going to trot | senjortarıq bolursayou must be going to trot | oljortarıq bolurhe must be going to trot | bizjortarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to trot | sizjortarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to trot | alajortarıq bolurlathey must be going to trot |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjortmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to trot | senjortmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to trot | oljortmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to trot | bizjortmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to trot | sizjortmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to trot | alajortmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to trot |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menjortayımlet me trot | senjort!trot! | oljortsunlet him trot | bizjortayıqlet's trot | sizjortuğuz!trot, you all! | alajortsunlalet them trot |
| Commands & suggestions | menjortmayımlet me not trot | senjortma!don't trot! | oljortmasınlet him not trot | bizjortmayıqlet's not trot | sizjortmağız!don't trot, you all! | alajortmasınlalet them not trot |
| Commands & suggestions | menjortayımmı?shall I trot? | oljortsunmu?should he trot? | bizjortayıqmı?shall we trot? | alajortsunlamı?should they trot? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menjortmayımmı?shall I not trot? | oljortmasınmı?should he not trot? | bizjortmayıqmı?shall we not trot? | alajortmasınlamı?should they not trot? | ||
| Requests | senjortçu2jortçunplease trot | oljortsunçudo let him trot | sizjortçuğuzplease trot (plural/polite) | alajortsunlaçıdo let them trot | ||
| Requests | senjortmaçı2jortmaçınplease don't trot | oljortmasınçıdo let him not trot | sizjortmaçığızplease don't trot (plural/polite) | alajortmasınlaçıdo let them not trot | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjorthunjorthumay you trot | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjortmağınjortmağımay you not trot | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjorthay edim jortha edimwould that I trotted | senjorthay ediŋ jortha ediŋwould that you trotted | oljorthay edi jortha ediwould that he trotted | bizjorthay edik jortha edikwould that we trotted | sizjorthay edigiz jortha edigizwould that you all trotted | alajorthay edile jortha edilewould that they trotted |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjortmağay edim jortmağa edimwould that I did not trot | senjortmağay ediŋ jortmağa ediŋwould that you did not trot | oljortmağay edi jortmağa ediwould that he did not trot | bizjortmağay edik jortmağa edikwould that we did not trot | sizjortmağay edigiz jortmağa edigizwould that you all did not trot | alajortmağay edile jortmağa edilewould that they did not trot |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjortmağa qoyayımjortma qoyayımlet me allow someone to trot | senjortmağa qoy!jortma qoy!let someone trot! | oljortmağa qoysunjortma qoysunlet him allow someone to trot | bizjortmağa qoyayıqjortma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to trot | sizjortmağa qoyuğuz!jortma qoyuğuz!let someone trot, you all! | alajortmağa qoysunlajortma qoysunlalet them allow someone to trot |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjortmağa qoymayımjortma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to trot | senjortmağa qoyma!jortma qoyma!don't let someone trot! | oljortmağa qoymasınjortma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to trot | bizjortmağa qoymayıqjortma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to trot | sizjortmağa qoymağız!jortma qoymağız!don't let someone trot, you all! | alajortmağa qoymasınlajortma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to trot |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjortmağa qoyayımmı?jortma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to trot? | oljortmağa qoysunmu?jortma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to trot? | bizjortmağa qoyayıqmı?jortma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to trot? | alajortmağa qoysunlamı?jortma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to trot? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjortmağa qoymayımmı?jortma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to trot? | oljortmağa qoymasınmı?jortma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to trot? | bizjortmağa qoymayıqmı?jortma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to trot? | alajortmağa qoymasınlamı?jortma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to trot? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menjortmağa qoyamajortma qoyamaI allow someone to trot | senjortmağa qoyasajortma qoyasayou allow someone to trot | oljortmağa qoyadıjortma qoyadıhe allows someone to trot | bizjortmağa qoyabızjortma qoyabızwe allow someone to trot | sizjortmağa qoyasızjortma qoyasızyou all allow someone to trot | alajortmağa qoyadılajortma qoyadılathey allow someone to trot |
| Let someone… (present) | menjortmağa qoymaymajortma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to trot | senjortmağa qoymaysajortma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to trot | oljortmağa qoymaydıjortma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to trot | bizjortmağa qoymaybızjortma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to trot | sizjortmağa qoymaysızjortma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to trot | alajortmağa qoymaydılajortma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to trot |
| Let someone… (present) | menjortmağa qoyamamı?jortma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to trot? | senjortmağa qoyamısa?jortma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to trot? | oljortmağa qoyamıdı?jortma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to trot? | bizjortmağa qoyabızmı?jortma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to trot? | sizjortmağa qoyamısız?jortma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to trot? | alajortmağa qoyamıdıla?jortma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to trot? |
| Let someone… (present) | menjortmağa qoymaymamı?jortma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to trot? | senjortmağa qoymaymısa?jortma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to trot? | oljortmağa qoymaymıdı?jortma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to trot? | bizjortmağa qoymaybızmı?jortma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to trot? | sizjortmağa qoymaymısız?jortma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to trot? | alajortmağa qoymaymıdıla?jortma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to trot? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjortmağa qoydumjortma qoydumI allowed someone to trot | senjortmağa qoyduŋjortma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to trot | oljortmağa qoydujortma qoyduhe allowed someone to trot | bizjortmağa qoyduqjortma qoyduqwe allowed someone to trot | sizjortmağa qoyduğuzjortma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to trot | alajortmağa qoydulajortma qoydulathey allowed someone to trot |
| Let someone… (past) | menjortmağa qoymadımjortma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to trot | senjortmağa qoymadıŋjortma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to trot | oljortmağa qoymadıjortma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to trot | bizjortmağa qoymadıqjortma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to trot | sizjortmağa qoymadığızjortma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to trot | alajortmağa qoymadılajortma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to trot |
| Let someone… (past) | menjortmağa qoydummu?jortma qoydummu?did I allow someone to trot? | senjortmağa qoyduŋmu?jortma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to trot? | oljortmağa qoydumu?jortma qoydumu?did he allow someone to trot? | bizjortmağa qoyduqmu?jortma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to trot? | sizjortmağa qoyduğuzmu?jortma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to trot? | alajortmağa qoydulamı?jortma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to trot? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjortmağa qoymadımmı?jortma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to trot? | senjortmağa qoymadıŋmı?jortma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to trot? | oljortmağa qoymadımı?jortma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to trot? | bizjortmağa qoymadıqmı?jortma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to trot? | sizjortmağa qoymadığızmı?jortma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to trot? | alajortmağa qoymadılamı?jortma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to trot? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
jortalırğa be able to trot · jortalmazğa be unable to trot
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menjortalamaI can trot | senjortalasayou can trot | oljortaladıhe can trot | bizjortalabızwe can trot | sizjortalasızyou all can trot | alajortaladılathey can trot |
| Ability — present | menjortalmaymaI can't trot | senjortalmaysayou can't trot | oljortalmaydıhe can't trot | bizjortalmaybızwe can't trot | sizjortalmaysızyou all can't trot | alajortalmaydılathey can't trot |
| Ability — present | menjortalamamı? jortalamıma?can I trot? | senjortalamısa?can you trot? | oljortalamıdı?can he trot? | bizjortalabızmı? jortalamıbız?can we trot? | sizjortalamısız?can you all trot? | alajortalamıdıla?can they trot? |
| Ability — present | menjortalmaymamı? jortalmaymıma?can't I trot? | senjortalmaymısa?can't you trot? | oljortalmaymıdı?can't he trot? | bizjortalmaybızmı? jortalmaymıbız?can't we trot? | sizjortalmaymısız?can't you all trot? | alajortalmaymıdıla?can't they trot? |
| Ability — if I can… | menjortalsamif I can trot | senjortalsaŋif you can trot | oljortalsaif he can trot | bizjortalsaqif we can trot | sizjortalsağızif you all can trot | alajortalsalaif they can trot |
| Ability — if I can… | menjortalmasamif I can't trot | senjortalmasaŋif you can't trot | oljortalmasaif he can't trot | bizjortalmasaqif we can't trot | sizjortalmasağızif you all can't trot | alajortalmasalaif they can't trot |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menjortaldımI was able to trot | senjortaldıŋyou were able to trot | oljortaldıhe was able to trot | bizjortaldıqwe were able to trot | sizjortaldığızyou all were able to trot | alajortaldılathey were able to trot |
| Ability — simple past | menjortalmadımI could not trot | senjortalmadıŋyou could not trot | oljortalmadıhe could not trot | bizjortalmadıqwe could not trot | sizjortalmadığızyou all could not trot | alajortalmadılathey could not trot |
| Ability — simple past | menjortaldımmı?was I able to trot? | senjortaldıŋmı?were you able to trot? | oljortaldımı?was he able to trot? | bizjortaldıqmı?were we able to trot? | sizjortaldığızmı?were you all able to trot? | alajortaldılamı?were they able to trot? |
| Ability — simple past | menjortalmadımmı?couldn't I trot? | senjortalmadıŋmı?couldn't you trot? | oljortalmadımı?couldn't he trot? | bizjortalmadıqmı?couldn't we trot? | sizjortalmadığızmı?couldn't you all trot? | alajortalmadılamı?couldn't they trot? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjortalğanmaI have been able to trot | senjortalğansayou have been able to trot | oljortalğandıhe has been able to trot | bizjortalğanbızwe have been able to trot | sizjortalğansızyou all have been able to trot | alajortalğandılathey have been able to trot |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjortalmağanmaI haven't been able to trot | senjortalmağansayou haven't been able to trot | oljortalmağandıhe hasn't been able to trot | bizjortalmağanbızwe haven't been able to trot | sizjortalmağansızyou all haven't been able to trot | alajortalmağandılathey haven't been able to trot |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjortalğanmamı? jortalğanmıma?have I been able to trot? | senjortalğanmısa?have you been able to trot? | oljortalğanmıdı?has he been able to trot? | bizjortalğanbızmı? jortalğanmıbız?have we been able to trot? | sizjortalğanmısız?have you all been able to trot? | alajortalğanmıdıla?have they been able to trot? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjortalmağanmamı? jortalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to trot? | senjortalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to trot? | oljortalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to trot? | bizjortalmağanbızmı? jortalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to trot? | sizjortalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to trot? | alajortalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to trot? |
| Ability — past perfect | menjortalğan edimjortalğanemI had been able to trot | senjortalğan ediŋjortalğaneŋyou had been able to trot | oljortalğan edijortalğanedhe had been able to trot | bizjortalğan edikjortalğanekwe had been able to trot | sizjortalğan edigizjortalğanegizyou all had been able to trot | alajortalğan edilejortalğanellethey had been able to trot |
| Ability — past perfect | menjortalmağan edimjortalmağanemI hadn't been able to trot | senjortalmağan ediŋjortalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to trot | oljortalmağan edijortalmağanedhe hadn't been able to trot | bizjortalmağan edikjortalmağanekwe hadn't been able to trot | sizjortalmağan edigizjortalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to trot | alajortalmağan edilejortalmağanellethey hadn't been able to trot |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menjortala edimjortalaemI could trot | senjortala ediŋjortalaeŋyou could trot | oljortala edijortalaedhe could trot | bizjortala edikjortalaekwe could trot | sizjortala edigizjortalaegizyou all could trot | alajortala edilejortalaellethey could trot |
| Ability — past background | menjortalmay edimjortalmayemI could not trot | senjortalmay ediŋjortalmayeŋyou could not trot | oljortalmay edijortalmayedhe could not trot | bizjortalmay edikjortalmayekwe could not trot | sizjortalmay edigizjortalmayegizyou all could not trot | alajortalmay edilejortalmayellethey could not trot |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menjortalırmaI will be able to trot | senjortalırsayou will be able to trot | oljortalırhe will be able to trot | bizjortalırbızwe will be able to trot | sizjortalırsızyou all will be able to trot | alajortalırlathey will be able to trot |
| Ability — future I | menjortalmazmaI won't be able to trot | senjortalmazsayou won't be able to trot | oljortalmazhe won't be able to trot | bizjortalmazbızwe won't be able to trot | sizjortalmazsızyou all won't be able to trot | alajortalmazlathey won't be able to trot |
| Ability — future I | menjortalırmamı? jortalırmıma?will I be able to trot? | senjortalırmısa?will you be able to trot? | oljortalırmı?will he be able to trot? | bizjortalırbızmı? jortalırmıbız?will we be able to trot? | sizjortalırmısız?will you all be able to trot? | alajortalırlamı? jortalırmıla?will they be able to trot? |
| Ability — future I | menjortalmazmamı? jortalmazmıma?won't I be able to trot? | senjortalmazmısa?won't you be able to trot? | oljortalmazmı?won't he be able to trot? | bizjortalmazbızmı? jortalmazmıbız?won't we be able to trot? | sizjortalmazmısız?won't you all be able to trot? | alajortalmazlamı? jortalmazmıla?won't they be able to trot? |
| Ability — future II | menjortallıqmaI am going to be able to trot | senjortallıqsayou are going to be able to trot | oljortallıqdıhe is going to be able to trot | bizjortallıqbızwe are going to be able to trot | sizjortallıqsızyou all are going to be able to trot | alajortallıqdılathey are going to be able to trot |
| Ability — future II | menjortallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to trot | senjortallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to trot | oljortallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to trot | bizjortallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to trot | sizjortallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to trot | alajortallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to trot |
| Ability — future II | menjortallıqmamı? jortallıqmıma?am I going to be able to trot? | senjortallıqmısa?are you going to be able to trot? | oljortallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to trot? | bizjortallıqbızmı? jortallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to trot? | sizjortallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to trot? | alajortallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to trot? |
| Ability — future II | menjortallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to trot? | senjortallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to trot? | oljortallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to trot? | bizjortallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to trot? | sizjortallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to trot? | alajortallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to trot? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjortalır edimjortalır emI would be able to trot | senjortalır ediŋjortalır eŋyou would be able to trot | oljortalır edijortalır edhe would be able to trot | bizjortalır edikjortalır ekwe would be able to trot | sizjortalır edigizjortalır egizyou all would be able to trot | alajortalır edilejortalır ellethey would be able to trot |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjortalmaz edimjortalmaz emI wouldn't be able to trot | senjortalmaz ediŋjortalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to trot | oljortalmaz edijortalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to trot | bizjortalmaz edikjortalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to trot | sizjortalmaz edigizjortalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to trot | alajortalmaz edilejortalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to trot |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjortalğınjortalğımay you be able to trot | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjortalmağınjortalmağımay you not be able to trot | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menjortarğa izleymeI want to trot | senjortarğa izleyseyou want to trot | oljortarğa izleydihe wants to trot | bizjortarğa izleybizwe want to trot | sizjortarğa izleysizyou all want to trot | alajortarğa izleydilethey want to trot |
| want to | menjortarğa izlemeymeI do not want to trot | senjortarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to trot | oljortarğa izlemeydihe does not want to trot | bizjortarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to trot | sizjortarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to trot | alajortarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to trot |
| would like to | menjortarğa süemeI would like to trot | senjortarğa süeseyou would like to trot | oljortarğa süedihe would like to trot | bizjortarğa süebizwe would like to trot | sizjortarğa süesizyou all would like to trot | alajortarğa süedilethey would like to trot |
| would like to | menjortarğa süymeymeI would not like to trot | senjortarğa süymeyseyou would not like to trot | oljortarğa süymeydihe would not like to trot | bizjortarğa süymeybizwe would not like to trot | sizjortarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to trot | alajortarğa süymeydilethey would not like to trot |
| hope to | menjortarğa umutlanamaI hope to trot | senjortarğa umutlanasayou hope to trot | oljortarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to trot | bizjortarğa umutlanabızwe hope to trot | sizjortarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to trot | alajortarğa umutlanadılathey hope to trot |
| hope to | menjortarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to trot | senjortarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to trot | oljortarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to trot | bizjortarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to trot | sizjortarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to trot | alajortarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to trot |
| be about to | menjortarğa deb turamaI am about to trot | senjortarğa deb turasayou are about to trot | oljortarğa deb turadıhe is about to trot | bizjortarğa deb turabızwe are about to trot | sizjortarğa deb turasızyou all are about to trot | alajortarğa deb turadılathey are about to trot |
| be about to | menjortarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to trot | senjortarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to trot | oljortarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to trot | bizjortarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to trot | sizjortarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to trot | alajortarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to trot |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menjortarğa kerekmeI need to trot | senjortarğa kerekseyou need to trot | oljortarğa kerekdihe needs to trot | bizjortarğa kerekbizwe need to trot | sizjortarğa kereksizyou all need to trot | alajortarğa kerekdilethey need to trot |
| need to | menjortarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to trot | senjortarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to trot | oljortarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to trot | bizjortarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to trot | sizjortarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to trot | alajortarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to trot |
| have to | menmenŋe jortarğa tüşediI have to trot | sensenŋe jortarğa tüşediyou have to trot | olaŋa jortarğa tüşedihe has to trot | bizbizge jortarğa tüşediwe have to trot | sizsizge jortarğa tüşediyou all have to trot | alaalağa jortarğa tüşedithey have to trot |
| have to | menmenŋe jortarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to trot | sensenŋe jortarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to trot | olaŋa jortarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to trot | bizbizge jortarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to trot | sizsizge jortarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to trot | alaalağa jortarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to trot |
| be obliged to | menjortarğa borçlumaI am obliged to trot | senjortarğa borçlusayou are obliged to trot | oljortarğa borçluduhe is obliged to trot | bizjortarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to trot | sizjortarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to trot | alajortarğa borçludulathey are obliged to trot |
| be obliged to | menjortarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to trot | senjortarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to trot | oljortarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to trot | bizjortarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to trot | sizjortarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to trot | alajortarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to trot |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menjortarğa madarım bardıI have a way to trot | senjortarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to trot | oljortarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to trot | bizjortarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to trot | sizjortarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to trot | alajortarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to trot |
| have a way to | menjortarğa madarım joqduI have no way to trot | senjortarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to trot | oljortarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to trot | bizjortarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to trot | sizjortarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to trot | alajortarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to trot |
| be free to | menjortarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to trot | senjortarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to trot | oljortarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to trot | bizjortarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to trot | sizjortarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to trot | alajortarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to trot |
| be free to | menjortarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to trot | senjortarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to trot | oljortarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to trot | bizjortarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to trot | sizjortarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to trot | alajortarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to trot |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jortarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to trot | sensenŋe jortarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to trot | olaŋa jortarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to trot | bizbizge jortarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to trot | sizsizge jortarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to trot | alaalağa jortarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to trot |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jortarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to trot | sensenŋe jortarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to trot | olaŋa jortarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to trot | bizbizge jortarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to trot | sizsizge jortarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to trot | alaalağa jortarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to trot |
| be ready to | menjortarğa hazırmaI am ready to trot | senjortarğa hazırsayou are ready to trot | oljortarğa hazırdıhe is ready to trot | bizjortarğa hazırbızwe are ready to trot | sizjortarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to trot | alajortarğa hazırdılathey are ready to trot |
| be ready to | menjortarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to trot | senjortarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to trot | oljortarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to trot | bizjortarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to trot | sizjortarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to trot | alajortarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to trot |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menjortarğa küreşemeI am trying to trot | senjortarğa küreşeseyou are trying to trot | oljortarğa küreşedihe is trying to trot | bizjortarğa küreşebizwe are trying to trot | sizjortarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to trot | alajortarğa küreşedilethey are trying to trot |
| try to | menjortarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to trot | senjortarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to trot | oljortarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to trot | bizjortarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to trot | sizjortarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to trot | alajortarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to trot |
| agree to | menjortarğa unaymaI agree to trot | senjortarğa unaysayou agree to trot | oljortarğa unaydıhe agrees to trot | bizjortarğa unaybızwe agree to trot | sizjortarğa unaysızyou all agree to trot | alajortarğa unaydılathey agree to trot |
| agree to | menjortarğa unamaymaI refuse to trot | senjortarğa unamaysayou refuse to trot | oljortarğa unamaydıhe refuses to trot | bizjortarğa unamaybızwe refuse to trot | sizjortarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to trot | alajortarğa unamaydılathey refuse to trot |
| hurry to | menjortarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to trot | senjortarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to trot | oljortarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to trot | bizjortarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to trot | sizjortarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to trot | alajortarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to trot |
| hurry to | menjortarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to trot | senjortarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to trot | oljortarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to trot | bizjortarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to trot | sizjortarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to trot | alajortarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to trot |
| be afraid to | menjortarğa qorqamaI am afraid to trot | senjortarğa qorqasayou are afraid to trot | oljortarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to trot | bizjortarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to trot | sizjortarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to trot | alajortarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to trot |
| be afraid to | menjortarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to trot | senjortarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to trot | oljortarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to trot | bizjortarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to trot | sizjortarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to trot | alajortarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to trot |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menjorta bolmazmaI can't be trotting | senjorta bolmazsayou can't be trotting | oljorta bolmazhe can't be trotting | bizjorta bolmazbızwe can't be trotting | sizjorta bolmazsızyou all can't be trotting | alajorta bolmazlathey can't be trotting |
| Inference, present — double negation | menjortmay bolmazmaI must be trotting (emphatic) | senjortmay bolmazsayou must be trotting (emphatic) | oljortmay bolmazhe must be trotting (emphatic) | bizjortmay bolmazbızwe must be trotting (emphatic) | sizjortmay bolmazsızyou all must be trotting (emphatic) | alajortmay bolmazlathey must be trotting (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menjorta turmasamif I don't keep trotting | senjorta turmasaŋif you don't keep trotting | oljorta turmasaif he doesn't keep trotting | bizjorta turmasaqif we don't keep trotting | sizjorta turmasağızif you all don't keep trotting | alajorta turmasalaif they don't keep trotting |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menjorta tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of trotting | senjorta tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of trotting | oljorta tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of trotting | bizjorta tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of trotting | sizjorta tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of trotting | alajorta tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of trotting |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menjortmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not trotting (emphatic) | senjortmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not trotting (emphatic) | oljortmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not trotting (emphatic) | bizjortmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not trotting (emphatic) | sizjortmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not trotting (emphatic) | alajortmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not trotting (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menjortmay turamaI keep on not trotting | senjortmay turasayou keep on not trotting | oljortmay turadıhe keeps on not trotting | bizjortmay turabızwe keep on not trotting | sizjortmay turasızyou all keep on not trotting | alajortmay turadılathey keep on not trotting |
| Progressive — double negation | menjortmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not trotting | senjortmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not trotting | oljortmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not trotting | bizjortmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not trotting | sizjortmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not trotting | alajortmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not trotting |
| Progressive — double negation | menjortmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not trotting? | senjortmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not trotting? | oljortmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not trotting? | bizjortmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not trotting? | sizjortmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not trotting? | alajortmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not trotting? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menjorthan bolmazmaI can't have trotted | senjorthan bolmazsayou can't have trotted | oljorthan bolmazhe can't have trotted | bizjorthan bolmazbızwe can't have trotted | sizjorthan bolmazsızyou all can't have trotted | alajorthan bolmazlathey can't have trotted |
| Inference — double negation | menjortmağan bolmazmaI must have trotted (emphatic) | senjortmağan bolmazsayou must have trotted (emphatic) | oljortmağan bolmazhe must have trotted (emphatic) | bizjortmağan bolmazbızwe must have trotted (emphatic) | sizjortmağan bolmazsızyou all must have trotted (emphatic) | alajortmağan bolmazlathey must have trotted (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menjorthan bolmasamif it weren't that I had trotted | senjorthan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had trotted | oljorthan bolmasaif it weren't that he had trotted | bizjorthan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had trotted | sizjorthan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had trotted | alajorthan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had trotted |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menjortmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't trotted | senjortmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't trotted | oljortmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't trotted | bizjortmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't trotted | sizjortmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't trotted | alajortmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't trotted |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menjortarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to trot | senjortarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to trot | oljortarıq bolmazhe can't be going to trot | bizjortarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to trot | sizjortarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to trot | alajortarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to trot |
| Inference, future — double negation | menjortmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to trot (emphatic) | senjortmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to trot (emphatic) | oljortmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to trot (emphatic) | bizjortmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to trot (emphatic) | sizjortmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to trot (emphatic) | alajortmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to trot (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menjortarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to trot | senjortarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to trot | oljortarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to trot | bizjortarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to trot | sizjortarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to trot | alajortarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to trot |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menjortmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to trot | senjortmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to trot | oljortmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to trot | bizjortmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to trot | sizjortmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to trot | alajortmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to trot |