jandırırğa
/dʒandɯrɯrʁa/
1. light, set alight, kindle, switch on
- çıraqnı jandırırğa — to switch on the light
- çıraqlanı jandır — switch on the lights
- ot jandırırğa — to light a fire
- otnu jandırdıq — we lit the fire
- men otnu jandırama — I am lighting the fire
2. open one's eyes wide, goggle — Used with köz "eye" as the object: közlerin jandırırğa.
- közleriŋi jandırırğa — to open your eyes wide
- sabiy közlerin jandırdı — the child opened its eyes wide
3. fix one's eyes on, stare hard at — Used with köz "eye" as the object: közlerin jandırırğa. one source
- menŋe közlerin jandırdı — he fixed his eyes on me
- közlerin jandırğandı — he fixed his eyes on it
- eki közün jandırıb qaradı — he stared hard with both eyes
4. inflame, fire up, arouse strong feeling in someone
- jandırğan söz — a fiery speech
- sözü halqnı jandırdı — his words fired up the people
- örten jürekni jandırdı — the blaze set the heart alight
5. anger, make angry, make furious one source
- meni jandırma — don't make me angry
- ol söz anı jandırdı — that word made him furious
- kişini jandırmaydı — he angers no one
Expressions
- eki közün jandırıb — empty-handed
Conjugation
Common forms
- jandıradıhe is lighting
- jandırdıhe lit
- jandırğandıhe has lit
- jandırırhe will light
- jandırlıqdıhe is going to light
- jandıra edihe was lighting
- jandırsaif he lights
- jandır!light!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjandıramaI am lighting | senjandırasayou are lighting | oljandıradıhe is lighting | bizjandırabızwe are lighting | sizjandırasızyou all are lighting | alajandıradılathey are lighting |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjandırmaymaI am not lighting | senjandırmaysayou are not lighting | oljandırmaydıhe is not lighting | bizjandırmaybızwe are not lighting | sizjandırmaysızyou all are not lighting | alajandırmaydılathey are not lighting |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjandıramamı? jandıramıma?am I lighting? | senjandıramısa?are you lighting? | oljandıramıdı?is he lighting? | bizjandırabızmı? jandıramıbız?are we lighting? | sizjandıramısız?are you all lighting? | alajandıramıdıla?are they lighting? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjandırmaymamı? jandırmaymıma?aren't I lighting? | senjandırmaymısa?aren't you lighting? | oljandırmaymıdı?isn't he lighting? | bizjandırmaybızmı? jandırmaymıbız?aren't we lighting? | sizjandırmaymısız?aren't you all lighting? | alajandırmaymıdıla?aren't they lighting? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjandırıwçanmaI usually light | senjandırıwçansayou usually light | oljandırıwçandıhe usually lights | bizjandırıwçanbızwe usually light | sizjandırıwçansızyou all usually light | alajandırıwçandılathey usually light |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjandırmawçanmaI usually don't light | senjandırmawçansayou usually don't light | oljandırmawçandıhe usually doesn't light | bizjandırmawçanbızwe usually don't light | sizjandırmawçansızyou all usually don't light | alajandırmawçandılathey usually don't light |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjandırıwçanmamı? jandırıwçanmıma?do I usually light? | senjandırıwçanmısa?do you usually light? | oljandırıwçanmıdı?does he usually light? | bizjandırıwçanbızmı? jandırıwçanmıbız?do we usually light? | sizjandırıwçanmısız?do you all usually light? | alajandırıwçanmıdıla?do they usually light? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjandırmawçanmamı? jandırmawçanmıma?do I usually not light? | senjandırmawçanmısa?do you usually not light? | oljandırmawçanmıdı?does he usually not light? | bizjandırmawçanbızmı? jandırmawçanmıbız?do we usually not light? | sizjandırmawçanmısız?do you all usually not light? | alajandırmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not light? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljandırıbdıhe has lit and remains so | alajandırıbdılathey have lit and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljandırıbmıdı?has he lit? | alajandırıbmıdıla?have they lit? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjandırıb turamaI keep lighting | senjandırıb turasayou keep lighting | oljandırıb turadıhe keeps lighting | bizjandırıb turabızwe keep lighting | sizjandırıb turasızyou all keep lighting | alajandırıb turadılathey keep lighting |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjandırıb turmaymaI don't keep lighting | senjandırıb turmaysayou don't keep lighting | oljandırıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep lighting | bizjandırıb turmaybızwe don't keep lighting | sizjandırıb turmaysızyou all don't keep lighting | alajandırıb turmaydılathey don't keep lighting |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjandırıb turamamı? jandırıb turamıma?do I keep lighting? | senjandırıb turamısa?do you keep lighting? | oljandırıb turamıdı?does he keep lighting? | bizjandırıb turabızmı? jandırıb turamıbız?do we keep lighting? | sizjandırıb turamısız?do you all keep lighting? | alajandırıb turamıdıla?do they keep lighting? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjandırıb turmaymamı? jandırıb turmaymıma?don't I keep lighting? | senjandırıb turmaymısa?don't you keep lighting? | oljandırıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep lighting? | bizjandırıb turmaybızmı? jandırıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep lighting? | sizjandırıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep lighting? | alajandırıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep lighting? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjandıra turamaI am in the middle of lighting | senjandıra turasayou are in the middle of lighting | oljandıra turadıhe is in the middle of lighting | bizjandıra turabızwe are in the middle of lighting | sizjandıra turasızyou all are in the middle of lighting | alajandıra turadılathey are in the middle of lighting |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjandıra turmaymaI am not in the middle of lighting | senjandıra turmaysayou are not in the middle of lighting | oljandıra turmaydıhe is not in the middle of lighting | bizjandıra turmaybızwe are not in the middle of lighting | sizjandıra turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of lighting | alajandıra turmaydılathey are not in the middle of lighting |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjandıra turamamı? jandıra turamıma?am I in the middle of lighting? | senjandıra turamısa?are you in the middle of lighting? | oljandıra turamıdı?is he in the middle of lighting? | bizjandıra turabızmı? jandıra turamıbız?are we in the middle of lighting? | sizjandıra turamısız?are you all in the middle of lighting? | alajandıra turamıdıla?are they in the middle of lighting? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjandıra turmaymamı? jandıra turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of lighting? | senjandıra turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of lighting? | oljandıra turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of lighting? | bizjandıra turmaybızmı? jandıra turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of lighting? | sizjandıra turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of lighting? | alajandıra turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of lighting? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjandırdımI lit | senjandırdıŋyou lit | oljandırdıhe lit | bizjandırdıqwe lit | sizjandırdığızyou all lit | alajandırdılathey lit |
| Simple past (definite) | menjandırmadımI didn't light | senjandırmadıŋyou didn't light | oljandırmadıhe didn't light | bizjandırmadıqwe didn't light | sizjandırmadığızyou all didn't light | alajandırmadılathey didn't light |
| Simple past (definite) | menjandırdımmı?did I light? | senjandırdıŋmı?did you light? | oljandırdımı?did he light? | bizjandırdıqmı?did we light? | sizjandırdığızmı?did you all light? | alajandırdılamı?did they light? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjandırmadımmı?didn't I light? | senjandırmadıŋmı?didn't you light? | oljandırmadımı?didn't he light? | bizjandırmadıqmı?didn't we light? | sizjandırmadığızmı?didn't you all light? | alajandırmadılamı?didn't they light? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjandırğanmaI have lit | senjandırğansayou have lit | oljandırğandıhe has lit | bizjandırğanbızwe have lit | sizjandırğansızyou all have lit | alajandırğandılathey have lit |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjandırmağanmaI haven't lit | senjandırmağansayou haven't lit | oljandırmağandıhe hasn't lit | bizjandırmağanbızwe haven't lit | sizjandırmağansızyou all haven't lit | alajandırmağandılathey haven't lit |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjandırğanmamı? jandırğanmıma?have I lit? | senjandırğanmısa?have you lit? | oljandırğanmıdı?has he lit? | bizjandırğanbızmı? jandırğanmıbız?have we lit? | sizjandırğanmısız?have you all lit? | alajandırğanmıdıla?have they lit? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjandırmağanmamı? jandırmağanmıma?haven't I lit? | senjandırmağanmısa?haven't you lit? | oljandırmağanmıdı?hasn't he lit? | bizjandırmağanbızmı? jandırmağanmıbız?haven't we lit? | sizjandırmağanmısız?haven't you all lit? | alajandırmağanmıdıla?haven't they lit? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjandırıb turdumI kept lighting | senjandırıb turduŋyou kept lighting | oljandırıb turduhe kept lighting | bizjandırıb turduqwe kept lighting | sizjandırıb turduğuzyou all kept lighting | alajandırıb turdulathey kept lighting |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjandırıb turmadımI didn't keep lighting | senjandırıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep lighting | oljandırıb turmadıhe didn't keep lighting | bizjandırıb turmadıqwe didn't keep lighting | sizjandırıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep lighting | alajandırıb turmadılathey didn't keep lighting |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjandırırmaI will light | senjandırırsayou will light | oljandırırhe will light | bizjandırırbızwe will light | sizjandırırsızyou all will light | alajandırırlathey will light |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjandırmazmaI won't light | senjandırmazsayou won't light | oljandırmazhe won't light | bizjandırmazbızwe won't light | sizjandırmazsızyou all won't light | alajandırmazlathey won't light |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjandırırmamı? jandırırmıma?will I light? | senjandırırmısa?will you light? | oljandırırmı?will he light? | bizjandırırbızmı? jandırırmıbız?will we light? | sizjandırırmısız?will you all light? | alajandırırlamı? jandırırmıla?will they light? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjandırmazmamı? jandırmazmıma?won't I light? | senjandırmazmısa?won't you light? | oljandırmazmı?won't he light? | bizjandırmazbızmı? jandırmazmıbız?won't we light? | sizjandırmazmısız?won't you all light? | alajandırmazlamı? jandırmazmıla?won't they light? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjandırlıqma1jandırrıqmaI am going to light | senjandırlıqsa1jandırrıqsayou are going to light | oljandırlıqdı1jandırrıqdıhe is going to light | bizjandırlıqbız1jandırrıqbızwe are going to light | sizjandırlıqsız1jandırrıqsızyou all are going to light | alajandırlıqdıla1jandırrıqdılathey are going to light |
| Definite future (future II) | menjandırlıq tülme1jandırrıq tülmeI am not going to light | senjandırlıq tülse1jandırrıq tülseyou are not going to light | oljandırlıq tüldü1jandırrıq tüldühe is not going to light | bizjandırlıq tülbüz1jandırrıq tülbüzwe are not going to light | sizjandırlıq tülsüz1jandırrıq tülsüzyou all are not going to light | alajandırlıq tüldüle1jandırrıq tüldülethey are not going to light |
| Definite future (future II) | menjandırlıqmamı?1 jandırlıqmıma?jandırrıqmamı?am I going to light? | senjandırlıqmısa?1jandırrıqmısa?are you going to light? | oljandırlıqmıdı?1jandırrıqmıdı?is he going to light? | bizjandırlıqbızmı?1 jandırlıqmıbız?jandırrıqbızmı?are we going to light? | sizjandırlıqmısız?1jandırrıqmısız?are you all going to light? | alajandırlıqmıdıla?1jandırrıqmıdıla?are they going to light? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjandırlıq tülmüme?1jandırrıq tülmüme?aren't I going to light? | senjandırlıq tülmüse?1jandırrıq tülmüse?aren't you going to light? | oljandırlıq tülmüdü?1jandırrıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to light? | bizjandırlıq tülmübüz?1jandırrıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to light? | sizjandırlıq tülmüsüz?1jandırrıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to light? | alajandırlıq tülmüdüle?1jandırrıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to light? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so jandırrıqdı
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjandırğan edimjandırğanemI had lit | senjandırğan ediŋjandırğaneŋyou had lit | oljandırğan edijandırğanedhe had lit | bizjandırğan edikjandırğanekwe had lit | sizjandırğan edigizjandırğanegizyou all had lit | alajandırğan edilejandırğanellethey had lit |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjandırmağan edimjandırmağanemI hadn't lit | senjandırmağan ediŋjandırmağaneŋyou hadn't lit | oljandırmağan edijandırmağanedhe hadn't lit | bizjandırmağan edikjandırmağanekwe hadn't lit | sizjandırmağan edigizjandırmağanegizyou all hadn't lit | alajandırmağan edilejandırmağanellethey hadn't lit |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjandıra edimjandıraemI was lighting | senjandıra ediŋjandıraeŋyou were lighting | oljandıra edijandıraedhe was lighting | bizjandıra edikjandıraekwe were lighting | sizjandıra edigizjandıraegizyou all were lighting | alajandıra edilejandıraellethey were lighting |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjandırmay edimjandırmayemI wasn't lighting | senjandırmay ediŋjandırmayeŋyou weren't lighting | oljandırmay edijandırmayedhe wasn't lighting | bizjandırmay edikjandırmayekwe weren't lighting | sizjandırmay edigizjandırmayegizyou all weren't lighting | alajandırmay edilejandırmayellethey weren't lighting |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menjandırıwçan edimjandırıwçanemI used to light | senjandırıwçan ediŋjandırıwçaneŋyou used to light | oljandırıwçan edijandırıwçanedhe used to light | bizjandırıwçan edikjandırıwçanekwe used to light | sizjandırıwçan edigizjandırıwçanegizyou all used to light | alajandırıwçan edilejandırıwçanellethey used to light |
| Habitual past (used to) | menjandırmawçan edimjandırmawçanemI didn't use to light | senjandırmawçan ediŋjandırmawçaneŋyou didn't use to light | oljandırmawçan edijandırmawçanedhe didn't use to light | bizjandırmawçan edikjandırmawçanekwe didn't use to light | sizjandırmawçan edigizjandırmawçanegizyou all didn't use to light | alajandırmawçan edilejandırmawçanellethey didn't use to light |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljandırıb edihe had lit and remained so | alajandırıb edilethey had lit and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljandırıb tül edihe hadn't lit | alajandırıb tül edilethey hadn't lit | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjandırıb tura edimjandırıb turaemI had kept lighting | senjandırıb tura ediŋjandırıb turaeŋyou had kept lighting | oljandırıb tura edijandırıb turaedhe had kept lighting | bizjandırıb tura edikjandırıb turaekwe had kept lighting | sizjandırıb tura edigizjandırıb turaegizyou all had kept lighting | alajandırıb tura edilejandırıb turaellethey had kept lighting |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjandırıb turmay edimjandırıb turmayemI hadn't kept lighting | senjandırıb turmay ediŋjandırıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept lighting | oljandırıb turmay edijandırıb turmayedhe hadn't kept lighting | bizjandırıb turmay edikjandırıb turmayekwe hadn't kept lighting | sizjandırıb turmay edigizjandırıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept lighting | alajandırıb turmay edilejandırıb turmayellethey hadn't kept lighting |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjandıra tura edimjandıra turaemI was in the middle of lighting | senjandıra tura ediŋjandıra turaeŋyou were in the middle of lighting | oljandıra tura edijandıra turaedhe was in the middle of lighting | bizjandıra tura edikjandıra turaekwe were in the middle of lighting | sizjandıra tura edigizjandıra turaegizyou all were in the middle of lighting | alajandıra tura edilejandıra turaellethey were in the middle of lighting |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjandıra turmay edimjandıra turmayemI wasn't in the middle of lighting | senjandıra turmay ediŋjandıra turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of lighting | oljandıra turmay edijandıra turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of lighting | bizjandıra turmay edikjandıra turmayekwe weren't in the middle of lighting | sizjandıra turmay edigizjandıra turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of lighting | alajandıra turmay edilejandıra turmayellethey weren't in the middle of lighting |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menjandırır edimjandırır emI would light | senjandırır ediŋjandırır eŋyou would light | oljandırır edijandırır edhe would light | bizjandırır edikjandırır ekwe would light | sizjandırır edigizjandırır egizyou all would light | alajandırır edilejandırır ellethey would light |
| Conditional result (would) | menjandırmaz edimjandırmaz emI wouldn't light | senjandırmaz ediŋjandırmaz eŋyou wouldn't light | oljandırmaz edijandırmaz edhe wouldn't light | bizjandırmaz edikjandırmaz ekwe wouldn't light | sizjandırmaz edigizjandırmaz egizyou all wouldn't light | alajandırmaz edilejandırmaz ellethey wouldn't light |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjandırlıq edim2jandırlıq emjandırrıq edimI would have lit | senjandırlıq ediŋ2jandırlıq eŋjandırrıq ediŋyou would have lit | oljandırlıq edi2jandırlıq edjandırrıq edihe would have lit | bizjandırlıq edik2jandırlıq ekjandırrıq edikwe would have lit | sizjandırlıq edigiz2jandırlıq egizjandırrıq edigizyou all would have lit | alajandırlıq edile2jandırlıq ellejandırrıq edilethey would have lit |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjandırlıq tül edim2jandırlıq tül emjandırrıq tül edimI wouldn't have lit | senjandırlıq tül ediŋ2jandırlıq tül eŋjandırrıq tül ediŋyou wouldn't have lit | oljandırlıq tül edi2jandırlıq tül edjandırrıq tül edihe wouldn't have lit | bizjandırlıq tül edik2jandırlıq tül ekjandırrıq tül edikwe wouldn't have lit | sizjandırlıq tül edigiz2jandırlıq tül egizjandırrıq tül edigizyou all wouldn't have lit | alajandırlıq tül edile2jandırlıq tül ellejandırrıq tül edilethey wouldn't have lit |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so jandırrıq edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menjandırsamif I light | senjandırsaŋif you light | oljandırsaif he lights | bizjandırsaqif we light | sizjandırsağızif you all light | alajandırsalaif they light |
| Conditional | menjandırmasamif I don't light | senjandırmasaŋif you don't light | oljandırmasaif he doesn't light | bizjandırmasaqif we don't light | sizjandırmasağızif you all don't light | alajandırmasalaif they don't light |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menjandıra esemif I am lighting | senjandıra eseŋif you are lighting | oljandıra eseif he is lighting | bizjandıra esekif we are lighting | sizjandıra esegizif you all are lighting | alajandıra eseleif they are lighting |
| Conditional, present real | menjandırmay esemif I am not lighting | senjandırmay eseŋif you are not lighting | oljandırmay eseif he is not lighting | bizjandırmay esekif we are not lighting | sizjandırmay esegizif you all are not lighting | alajandırmay eseleif they are not lighting |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjandırsam edijandırsam edif only I lit | senjandırsaŋ edijandırsaŋ edif only you lit | oljandırsa edijandırsaedif only he lit | bizjandırsaq edijandırsaq edif only we lit | sizjandırsağız edijandırsağız edif only you all lit | alajandırsala edijandırsalaedif only they lit |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjandırmasam edijandırmasam edif only I didn't light | senjandırmasaŋ edijandırmasaŋ edif only you didn't light | oljandırmasa edijandırmasaedif only he didn't light | bizjandırmasaq edijandırmasaq edif only we didn't light | sizjandırmasağız edijandırmasağız edif only you all didn't light | alajandırmasala edijandırmasalaedif only they didn't light |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menjandırıb tursamif I carry on lighting | senjandırıb tursaŋif you carry on lighting | oljandırıb tursaif he carries on lighting | bizjandırıb tursaqif we carry on lighting | sizjandırıb tursağızif you all carry on lighting | alajandırıb tursalaif they carry on lighting |
| Durative conditional | menjandırıb turmasamif I don't carry on lighting | senjandırıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on lighting | oljandırıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on lighting | bizjandırıb turmasaqif we don't carry on lighting | sizjandırıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on lighting | alajandırıb turmasalaif they don't carry on lighting |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menjandırıb tura esemif I have kept lighting | senjandırıb tura eseŋif you have kept lighting | oljandırıb tura eseif he has kept lighting | bizjandırıb tura esekif we have kept lighting | sizjandırıb tura esegizif you all have kept lighting | alajandırıb tura eseleif they have kept lighting |
| Durative conditional, present real | menjandırıb turmay esemif I haven't kept lighting | senjandırıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept lighting | oljandırıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept lighting | bizjandırıb turmay esekif we haven't kept lighting | sizjandırıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept lighting | alajandırıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept lighting |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menjandıra tursamif I keep lighting | senjandıra tursaŋif you keep lighting | oljandıra tursaif he keeps lighting | bizjandıra tursaqif we keep lighting | sizjandıra tursağızif you all keep lighting | alajandıra tursalaif they keep lighting |
| Progressive conditional | menjandırmay tursamif I keep on not lighting | senjandırmay tursaŋif you keep on not lighting | oljandırmay tursaif he keeps on not lighting | bizjandırmay tursaqif we keep on not lighting | sizjandırmay tursağızif you all keep on not lighting | alajandırmay tursalaif they keep on not lighting |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjandıra tura esemif I am in the middle of lighting | senjandıra tura eseŋif you are in the middle of lighting | oljandıra tura eseif he is in the middle of lighting | bizjandıra tura esekif we are in the middle of lighting | sizjandıra tura esegizif you all are in the middle of lighting | alajandıra tura eseleif they are in the middle of lighting |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjandırmay tura esemif I keep on not lighting | senjandırmay tura eseŋif you keep on not lighting | oljandırmay tura eseif he keeps on not lighting | bizjandırmay tura esekif we keep on not lighting | sizjandırmay tura esegizif you all keep on not lighting | alajandırmay tura eseleif they keep on not lighting |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | menjandırdım esemif I lit | senjandırdıŋ eseŋif you lit | oljandırdı eseif he lit | bizjandırdıq esekif we lit | sizjandırdığız esegizif you all lit | alajandırdıla eseleif they lit |
| Conditional, definite past3 | menjandırmadım esemif I didn't light | senjandırmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't light | oljandırmadı eseif he didn't light | bizjandırmadıq esekif we didn't light | sizjandırmadığız esegizif you all didn't light | alajandırmadıla eseleif they didn't light |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menjandırğan esemif I did light (indeed) | senjandırğan eseŋif you did light (indeed) | oljandırğan eseif he did light (indeed) | bizjandırğan esekif we did light (indeed) | sizjandırğan esegizif you all did light (indeed) | alajandırğan eseleif they did light (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menjandırmağan esemif I didn't light (indeed) | senjandırmağan eseŋif you didn't light (indeed) | oljandırmağan eseif he didn't light (indeed) | bizjandırmağan esekif we didn't light (indeed) | sizjandırmağan esegizif you all didn't light (indeed) | alajandırmağan eseleif they didn't light (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjandırğan bolsamif I had lit | senjandırğan bolsaŋif you had lit | oljandırğan bolsaif he had lit | bizjandırğan bolsaqif we had lit | sizjandırğan bolsağızif you all had lit | alajandırğan bolsalaif they had lit |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjandırmağan bolsamif I hadn't lit | senjandırmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't lit | oljandırmağan bolsaif he hadn't lit | bizjandırmağan bolsaqif we hadn't lit | sizjandırmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't lit | alajandırmağan bolsalaif they hadn't lit |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjandırğan bolsam edijandırğan bolsam edif only I had lit | senjandırğan bolsaŋ edijandırğan bolsaŋ edif only you had lit | oljandırğan bolsa edijandırğan bolsaedif only he had lit | bizjandırğan bolsaq edijandırğan bolsaq edif only we had lit | sizjandırğan bolsağız edijandırğan bolsağız edif only you all had lit | alajandırğan bolsala edijandırğan bolsalaedif only they had lit |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjandırmağan bolsam edijandırmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't lit | senjandırmağan bolsaŋ edijandırmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't lit | oljandırmağan bolsa edijandırmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't lit | bizjandırmağan bolsaq edijandırmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't lit | sizjandırmağan bolsağız edijandırmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't lit | alajandırmağan bolsala edijandırmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't lit |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menjandırır esemif I will light | senjandırır eseŋif you will light | oljandırır eseif he will light | bizjandırır esekif we will light | sizjandırır esegizif you all will light | alajandırır eseleif they will light |
| Conditional, aorist | menjandırmaz esemif I won't light | senjandırmaz eseŋif you won't light | oljandırmaz eseif he won't light | bizjandırmaz esekif we won't light | sizjandırmaz esegizif you all won't light | alajandırmaz eseleif they won't light |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menjandırlıq esem4jandırrıq esemif I am going to light | senjandırlıq eseŋ4jandırrıq eseŋif you are going to light | oljandırlıq ese4jandırrıq eseif he is going to light | bizjandırlıq esek4jandırrıq esekif we are going to light | sizjandırlıq esegiz4jandırrıq esegizif you all are going to light | alajandırlıq esele4jandırrıq eseleif they are going to light |
| Conditional, future | menjandırlıq tül esem4jandırrıq tül esemif I am not going to light | senjandırlıq tül eseŋ4jandırrıq tül eseŋif you are not going to light | oljandırlıq tül ese4jandırrıq tül eseif he is not going to light | bizjandırlıq tül esek4jandırrıq tül esekif we are not going to light | sizjandırlıq tül esegiz4jandırrıq tül esegizif you all are not going to light | alajandırlıq tül esele4jandırrıq tül eseleif they are not going to light |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjandırlıq bolsam5jandırrıq bolsamif I were going to light | senjandırlıq bolsaŋ5jandırrıq bolsaŋif you were going to light | oljandırlıq bolsa5jandırrıq bolsaif he were going to light | bizjandırlıq bolsaq5jandırrıq bolsaqif we were going to light | sizjandırlıq bolsağız5jandırrıq bolsağızif you all were going to light | alajandırlıq bolsala5jandırrıq bolsalaif they were going to light |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjandırmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to light | senjandırmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to light | oljandırmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to light | bizjandırmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to light | sizjandırmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to light | alajandırmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to light |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso jandırdıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so jandırrıq ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so jandırrıq bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjandıra bolurmaI must be lighting | senjandıra bolursayou must be lighting | oljandıra bolurhe must be lighting | bizjandıra bolurbuzwe must be lighting | sizjandıra bolursuzyou all must be lighting | alajandıra bolurlathey must be lighting |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjandırmay bolurmaI must not be lighting | senjandırmay bolursayou must not be lighting | oljandırmay bolurhe must not be lighting | bizjandırmay bolurbuzwe must not be lighting | sizjandırmay bolursuzyou all must not be lighting | alajandırmay bolurlathey must not be lighting |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjandıra tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of lighting | senjandıra tura bolursayou must be in the middle of lighting | oljandıra tura bolurhe must be in the middle of lighting | bizjandıra tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of lighting | sizjandıra tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of lighting | alajandıra tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of lighting |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjandırmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not lighting | senjandırmay tura bolursayou must keep on not lighting | oljandırmay tura bolurhe must keep on not lighting | bizjandırmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not lighting | sizjandırmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not lighting | alajandırmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not lighting |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menjandırğan bolurmaI must have lit | senjandırğan bolursayou must have lit | oljandırğan bolurhe must have lit | bizjandırğan bolurbuzwe must have lit | sizjandırğan bolursuzyou all must have lit | alajandırğan bolurlathey must have lit |
| Inference (must have) | menjandırmağan bolurmaI must not have lit | senjandırmağan bolursayou must not have lit | oljandırmağan bolurhe must not have lit | bizjandırmağan bolurbuzwe must not have lit | sizjandırmağan bolursuzyou all must not have lit | alajandırmağan bolurlathey must not have lit |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjandırlıq bolurma6jandırrıq bolurmaI must be going to light | senjandırlıq bolursa6jandırrıq bolursayou must be going to light | oljandırlıq bolur6jandırrıq bolurhe must be going to light | bizjandırlıq bolurbuz6jandırrıq bolurbuzwe must be going to light | sizjandırlıq bolursuz6jandırrıq bolursuzyou all must be going to light | alajandırlıq bolurla6jandırrıq bolurlathey must be going to light |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjandırmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to light | senjandırmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to light | oljandırmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to light | bizjandırmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to light | sizjandırmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to light | alajandırmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to light |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so jandırrıq bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menjandırayımlet me light | senjandır!light! | oljandırsınlet him light | bizjandırayıqlet's light | sizjandırığız!light, you all! | alajandırsınlalet them light |
| Commands & suggestions | menjandırmayımlet me not light | senjandırma!don't light! | oljandırmasınlet him not light | bizjandırmayıqlet's not light | sizjandırmağız!don't light, you all! | alajandırmasınlalet them not light |
| Commands & suggestions | menjandırayımmı?shall I light? | oljandırsınmı?should he light? | bizjandırayıqmı?shall we light? | alajandırsınlamı?should they light? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menjandırmayımmı?shall I not light? | oljandırmasınmı?should he not light? | bizjandırmayıqmı?shall we not light? | alajandırmasınlamı?should they not light? | ||
| Requests | senjandırçı7jandırçınplease light | oljandırsınçıdo let him light | sizjandırçığızplease light (plural/polite) | alajandırsınlaçıdo let them light | ||
| Requests | senjandırmaçı7jandırmaçınplease don't light | oljandırmasınçıdo let him not light | sizjandırmaçığızplease don't light (plural/polite) | alajandırmasınlaçıdo let them not light | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjandırğınjandırğımay you light | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjandırmağınjandırmağımay you not light | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjandırğay edim jandırğa edimwould that I lit | senjandırğay ediŋ jandırğa ediŋwould that you lit | oljandırğay edi jandırğa ediwould that he lit | bizjandırğay edik jandırğa edikwould that we lit | sizjandırğay edigiz jandırğa edigizwould that you all lit | alajandırğay edile jandırğa edilewould that they lit |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjandırmağay edim jandırmağa edimwould that I did not light | senjandırmağay ediŋ jandırmağa ediŋwould that you did not light | oljandırmağay edi jandırmağa ediwould that he did not light | bizjandırmağay edik jandırmağa edikwould that we did not light | sizjandırmağay edigiz jandırmağa edigizwould that you all did not light | alajandırmağay edile jandırmağa edilewould that they did not light |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjandırmağa qoyayımjandırma qoyayımlet me allow someone to light | senjandırmağa qoy!jandırma qoy!let someone light! | oljandırmağa qoysunjandırma qoysunlet him allow someone to light | bizjandırmağa qoyayıqjandırma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to light | sizjandırmağa qoyuğuz!jandırma qoyuğuz!let someone light, you all! | alajandırmağa qoysunlajandırma qoysunlalet them allow someone to light |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjandırmağa qoymayımjandırma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to light | senjandırmağa qoyma!jandırma qoyma!don't let someone light! | oljandırmağa qoymasınjandırma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to light | bizjandırmağa qoymayıqjandırma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to light | sizjandırmağa qoymağız!jandırma qoymağız!don't let someone light, you all! | alajandırmağa qoymasınlajandırma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to light |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjandırmağa qoyayımmı?jandırma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to light? | oljandırmağa qoysunmu?jandırma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to light? | bizjandırmağa qoyayıqmı?jandırma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to light? | alajandırmağa qoysunlamı?jandırma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to light? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjandırmağa qoymayımmı?jandırma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to light? | oljandırmağa qoymasınmı?jandırma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to light? | bizjandırmağa qoymayıqmı?jandırma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to light? | alajandırmağa qoymasınlamı?jandırma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to light? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menjandırmağa qoyamajandırma qoyamaI allow someone to light | senjandırmağa qoyasajandırma qoyasayou allow someone to light | oljandırmağa qoyadıjandırma qoyadıhe allows someone to light | bizjandırmağa qoyabızjandırma qoyabızwe allow someone to light | sizjandırmağa qoyasızjandırma qoyasızyou all allow someone to light | alajandırmağa qoyadılajandırma qoyadılathey allow someone to light |
| Let someone… (present) | menjandırmağa qoymaymajandırma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to light | senjandırmağa qoymaysajandırma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to light | oljandırmağa qoymaydıjandırma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to light | bizjandırmağa qoymaybızjandırma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to light | sizjandırmağa qoymaysızjandırma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to light | alajandırmağa qoymaydılajandırma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to light |
| Let someone… (present) | menjandırmağa qoyamamı?jandırma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to light? | senjandırmağa qoyamısa?jandırma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to light? | oljandırmağa qoyamıdı?jandırma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to light? | bizjandırmağa qoyabızmı?jandırma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to light? | sizjandırmağa qoyamısız?jandırma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to light? | alajandırmağa qoyamıdıla?jandırma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to light? |
| Let someone… (present) | menjandırmağa qoymaymamı?jandırma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to light? | senjandırmağa qoymaymısa?jandırma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to light? | oljandırmağa qoymaymıdı?jandırma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to light? | bizjandırmağa qoymaybızmı?jandırma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to light? | sizjandırmağa qoymaymısız?jandırma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to light? | alajandırmağa qoymaymıdıla?jandırma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to light? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjandırmağa qoydumjandırma qoydumI allowed someone to light | senjandırmağa qoyduŋjandırma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to light | oljandırmağa qoydujandırma qoyduhe allowed someone to light | bizjandırmağa qoyduqjandırma qoyduqwe allowed someone to light | sizjandırmağa qoyduğuzjandırma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to light | alajandırmağa qoydulajandırma qoydulathey allowed someone to light |
| Let someone… (past) | menjandırmağa qoymadımjandırma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to light | senjandırmağa qoymadıŋjandırma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to light | oljandırmağa qoymadıjandırma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to light | bizjandırmağa qoymadıqjandırma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to light | sizjandırmağa qoymadığızjandırma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to light | alajandırmağa qoymadılajandırma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to light |
| Let someone… (past) | menjandırmağa qoydummu?jandırma qoydummu?did I allow someone to light? | senjandırmağa qoyduŋmu?jandırma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to light? | oljandırmağa qoydumu?jandırma qoydumu?did he allow someone to light? | bizjandırmağa qoyduqmu?jandırma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to light? | sizjandırmağa qoyduğuzmu?jandırma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to light? | alajandırmağa qoydulamı?jandırma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to light? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjandırmağa qoymadımmı?jandırma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to light? | senjandırmağa qoymadıŋmı?jandırma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to light? | oljandırmağa qoymadımı?jandırma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to light? | bizjandırmağa qoymadıqmı?jandırma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to light? | sizjandırmağa qoymadığızmı?jandırma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to light? | alajandırmağa qoymadılamı?jandırma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to light? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
jandıralırğa be able to light · jandıralmazğa be unable to light
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menjandıralamaI can light | senjandıralasayou can light | oljandıraladıhe can light | bizjandıralabızwe can light | sizjandıralasızyou all can light | alajandıraladılathey can light |
| Ability — present | menjandıralmaymaI can't light | senjandıralmaysayou can't light | oljandıralmaydıhe can't light | bizjandıralmaybızwe can't light | sizjandıralmaysızyou all can't light | alajandıralmaydılathey can't light |
| Ability — present | menjandıralamamı? jandıralamıma?can I light? | senjandıralamısa?can you light? | oljandıralamıdı?can he light? | bizjandıralabızmı? jandıralamıbız?can we light? | sizjandıralamısız?can you all light? | alajandıralamıdıla?can they light? |
| Ability — present | menjandıralmaymamı? jandıralmaymıma?can't I light? | senjandıralmaymısa?can't you light? | oljandıralmaymıdı?can't he light? | bizjandıralmaybızmı? jandıralmaymıbız?can't we light? | sizjandıralmaymısız?can't you all light? | alajandıralmaymıdıla?can't they light? |
| Ability — if I can… | menjandıralsamif I can light | senjandıralsaŋif you can light | oljandıralsaif he can light | bizjandıralsaqif we can light | sizjandıralsağızif you all can light | alajandıralsalaif they can light |
| Ability — if I can… | menjandıralmasamif I can't light | senjandıralmasaŋif you can't light | oljandıralmasaif he can't light | bizjandıralmasaqif we can't light | sizjandıralmasağızif you all can't light | alajandıralmasalaif they can't light |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menjandıraldımI was able to light | senjandıraldıŋyou were able to light | oljandıraldıhe was able to light | bizjandıraldıqwe were able to light | sizjandıraldığızyou all were able to light | alajandıraldılathey were able to light |
| Ability — simple past | menjandıralmadımI could not light | senjandıralmadıŋyou could not light | oljandıralmadıhe could not light | bizjandıralmadıqwe could not light | sizjandıralmadığızyou all could not light | alajandıralmadılathey could not light |
| Ability — simple past | menjandıraldımmı?was I able to light? | senjandıraldıŋmı?were you able to light? | oljandıraldımı?was he able to light? | bizjandıraldıqmı?were we able to light? | sizjandıraldığızmı?were you all able to light? | alajandıraldılamı?were they able to light? |
| Ability — simple past | menjandıralmadımmı?couldn't I light? | senjandıralmadıŋmı?couldn't you light? | oljandıralmadımı?couldn't he light? | bizjandıralmadıqmı?couldn't we light? | sizjandıralmadığızmı?couldn't you all light? | alajandıralmadılamı?couldn't they light? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjandıralğanmaI have been able to light | senjandıralğansayou have been able to light | oljandıralğandıhe has been able to light | bizjandıralğanbızwe have been able to light | sizjandıralğansızyou all have been able to light | alajandıralğandılathey have been able to light |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjandıralmağanmaI haven't been able to light | senjandıralmağansayou haven't been able to light | oljandıralmağandıhe hasn't been able to light | bizjandıralmağanbızwe haven't been able to light | sizjandıralmağansızyou all haven't been able to light | alajandıralmağandılathey haven't been able to light |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjandıralğanmamı? jandıralğanmıma?have I been able to light? | senjandıralğanmısa?have you been able to light? | oljandıralğanmıdı?has he been able to light? | bizjandıralğanbızmı? jandıralğanmıbız?have we been able to light? | sizjandıralğanmısız?have you all been able to light? | alajandıralğanmıdıla?have they been able to light? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjandıralmağanmamı? jandıralmağanmıma?haven't I been able to light? | senjandıralmağanmısa?haven't you been able to light? | oljandıralmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to light? | bizjandıralmağanbızmı? jandıralmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to light? | sizjandıralmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to light? | alajandıralmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to light? |
| Ability — past perfect | menjandıralğan edimjandıralğanemI had been able to light | senjandıralğan ediŋjandıralğaneŋyou had been able to light | oljandıralğan edijandıralğanedhe had been able to light | bizjandıralğan edikjandıralğanekwe had been able to light | sizjandıralğan edigizjandıralğanegizyou all had been able to light | alajandıralğan edilejandıralğanellethey had been able to light |
| Ability — past perfect | menjandıralmağan edimjandıralmağanemI hadn't been able to light | senjandıralmağan ediŋjandıralmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to light | oljandıralmağan edijandıralmağanedhe hadn't been able to light | bizjandıralmağan edikjandıralmağanekwe hadn't been able to light | sizjandıralmağan edigizjandıralmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to light | alajandıralmağan edilejandıralmağanellethey hadn't been able to light |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menjandırala edimjandıralaemI could light | senjandırala ediŋjandıralaeŋyou could light | oljandırala edijandıralaedhe could light | bizjandırala edikjandıralaekwe could light | sizjandırala edigizjandıralaegizyou all could light | alajandırala edilejandıralaellethey could light |
| Ability — past background | menjandıralmay edimjandıralmayemI could not light | senjandıralmay ediŋjandıralmayeŋyou could not light | oljandıralmay edijandıralmayedhe could not light | bizjandıralmay edikjandıralmayekwe could not light | sizjandıralmay edigizjandıralmayegizyou all could not light | alajandıralmay edilejandıralmayellethey could not light |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menjandıralırmaI will be able to light | senjandıralırsayou will be able to light | oljandıralırhe will be able to light | bizjandıralırbızwe will be able to light | sizjandıralırsızyou all will be able to light | alajandıralırlathey will be able to light |
| Ability — future I | menjandıralmazmaI won't be able to light | senjandıralmazsayou won't be able to light | oljandıralmazhe won't be able to light | bizjandıralmazbızwe won't be able to light | sizjandıralmazsızyou all won't be able to light | alajandıralmazlathey won't be able to light |
| Ability — future I | menjandıralırmamı? jandıralırmıma?will I be able to light? | senjandıralırmısa?will you be able to light? | oljandıralırmı?will he be able to light? | bizjandıralırbızmı? jandıralırmıbız?will we be able to light? | sizjandıralırmısız?will you all be able to light? | alajandıralırlamı? jandıralırmıla?will they be able to light? |
| Ability — future I | menjandıralmazmamı? jandıralmazmıma?won't I be able to light? | senjandıralmazmısa?won't you be able to light? | oljandıralmazmı?won't he be able to light? | bizjandıralmazbızmı? jandıralmazmıbız?won't we be able to light? | sizjandıralmazmısız?won't you all be able to light? | alajandıralmazlamı? jandıralmazmıla?won't they be able to light? |
| Ability — future II | menjandırallıqmaI am going to be able to light | senjandırallıqsayou are going to be able to light | oljandırallıqdıhe is going to be able to light | bizjandırallıqbızwe are going to be able to light | sizjandırallıqsızyou all are going to be able to light | alajandırallıqdılathey are going to be able to light |
| Ability — future II | menjandırallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to light | senjandırallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to light | oljandırallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to light | bizjandırallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to light | sizjandırallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to light | alajandırallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to light |
| Ability — future II | menjandırallıqmamı? jandırallıqmıma?am I going to be able to light? | senjandırallıqmısa?are you going to be able to light? | oljandırallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to light? | bizjandırallıqbızmı? jandırallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to light? | sizjandırallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to light? | alajandırallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to light? |
| Ability — future II | menjandırallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to light? | senjandırallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to light? | oljandırallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to light? | bizjandırallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to light? | sizjandırallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to light? | alajandırallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to light? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjandıralır edimjandıralır emI would be able to light | senjandıralır ediŋjandıralır eŋyou would be able to light | oljandıralır edijandıralır edhe would be able to light | bizjandıralır edikjandıralır ekwe would be able to light | sizjandıralır edigizjandıralır egizyou all would be able to light | alajandıralır edilejandıralır ellethey would be able to light |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjandıralmaz edimjandıralmaz emI wouldn't be able to light | senjandıralmaz ediŋjandıralmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to light | oljandıralmaz edijandıralmaz edhe wouldn't be able to light | bizjandıralmaz edikjandıralmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to light | sizjandıralmaz edigizjandıralmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to light | alajandıralmaz edilejandıralmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to light |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjandıralğınjandıralğımay you be able to light | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjandıralmağınjandıralmağımay you not be able to light | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menjandırırğa izleymeI want to light | senjandırırğa izleyseyou want to light | oljandırırğa izleydihe wants to light | bizjandırırğa izleybizwe want to light | sizjandırırğa izleysizyou all want to light | alajandırırğa izleydilethey want to light |
| want to | menjandırırğa izlemeymeI do not want to light | senjandırırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to light | oljandırırğa izlemeydihe does not want to light | bizjandırırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to light | sizjandırırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to light | alajandırırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to light |
| would like to | menjandırırğa süemeI would like to light | senjandırırğa süeseyou would like to light | oljandırırğa süedihe would like to light | bizjandırırğa süebizwe would like to light | sizjandırırğa süesizyou all would like to light | alajandırırğa süedilethey would like to light |
| would like to | menjandırırğa süymeymeI would not like to light | senjandırırğa süymeyseyou would not like to light | oljandırırğa süymeydihe would not like to light | bizjandırırğa süymeybizwe would not like to light | sizjandırırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to light | alajandırırğa süymeydilethey would not like to light |
| hope to | menjandırırğa umutlanamaI hope to light | senjandırırğa umutlanasayou hope to light | oljandırırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to light | bizjandırırğa umutlanabızwe hope to light | sizjandırırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to light | alajandırırğa umutlanadılathey hope to light |
| hope to | menjandırırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to light | senjandırırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to light | oljandırırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to light | bizjandırırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to light | sizjandırırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to light | alajandırırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to light |
| be about to | menjandırırğa deb turamaI am about to light | senjandırırğa deb turasayou are about to light | oljandırırğa deb turadıhe is about to light | bizjandırırğa deb turabızwe are about to light | sizjandırırğa deb turasızyou all are about to light | alajandırırğa deb turadılathey are about to light |
| be about to | menjandırırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to light | senjandırırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to light | oljandırırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to light | bizjandırırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to light | sizjandırırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to light | alajandırırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to light |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menjandırırğa kerekmeI need to light | senjandırırğa kerekseyou need to light | oljandırırğa kerekdihe needs to light | bizjandırırğa kerekbizwe need to light | sizjandırırğa kereksizyou all need to light | alajandırırğa kerekdilethey need to light |
| need to | menjandırırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to light | senjandırırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to light | oljandırırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to light | bizjandırırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to light | sizjandırırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to light | alajandırırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to light |
| have to | menmenŋe jandırırğa tüşediI have to light | sensenŋe jandırırğa tüşediyou have to light | olaŋa jandırırğa tüşedihe has to light | bizbizge jandırırğa tüşediwe have to light | sizsizge jandırırğa tüşediyou all have to light | alaalağa jandırırğa tüşedithey have to light |
| have to | menmenŋe jandırırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to light | sensenŋe jandırırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to light | olaŋa jandırırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to light | bizbizge jandırırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to light | sizsizge jandırırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to light | alaalağa jandırırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to light |
| be obliged to | menjandırırğa borçlumaI am obliged to light | senjandırırğa borçlusayou are obliged to light | oljandırırğa borçluduhe is obliged to light | bizjandırırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to light | sizjandırırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to light | alajandırırğa borçludulathey are obliged to light |
| be obliged to | menjandırırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to light | senjandırırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to light | oljandırırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to light | bizjandırırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to light | sizjandırırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to light | alajandırırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to light |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menjandırırğa madarım bardıI have a way to light | senjandırırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to light | oljandırırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to light | bizjandırırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to light | sizjandırırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to light | alajandırırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to light |
| have a way to | menjandırırğa madarım joqduI have no way to light | senjandırırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to light | oljandırırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to light | bizjandırırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to light | sizjandırırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to light | alajandırırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to light |
| be free to | menjandırırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to light | senjandırırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to light | oljandırırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to light | bizjandırırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to light | sizjandırırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to light | alajandırırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to light |
| be free to | menjandırırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to light | senjandırırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to light | oljandırırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to light | bizjandırırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to light | sizjandırırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to light | alajandırırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to light |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jandırırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to light | sensenŋe jandırırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to light | olaŋa jandırırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to light | bizbizge jandırırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to light | sizsizge jandırırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to light | alaalağa jandırırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to light |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jandırırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to light | sensenŋe jandırırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to light | olaŋa jandırırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to light | bizbizge jandırırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to light | sizsizge jandırırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to light | alaalağa jandırırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to light |
| be ready to | menjandırırğa hazırmaI am ready to light | senjandırırğa hazırsayou are ready to light | oljandırırğa hazırdıhe is ready to light | bizjandırırğa hazırbızwe are ready to light | sizjandırırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to light | alajandırırğa hazırdılathey are ready to light |
| be ready to | menjandırırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to light | senjandırırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to light | oljandırırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to light | bizjandırırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to light | sizjandırırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to light | alajandırırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to light |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menjandırırğa küreşemeI am trying to light | senjandırırğa küreşeseyou are trying to light | oljandırırğa küreşedihe is trying to light | bizjandırırğa küreşebizwe are trying to light | sizjandırırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to light | alajandırırğa küreşedilethey are trying to light |
| try to | menjandırırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to light | senjandırırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to light | oljandırırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to light | bizjandırırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to light | sizjandırırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to light | alajandırırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to light |
| agree to | menjandırırğa unaymaI agree to light | senjandırırğa unaysayou agree to light | oljandırırğa unaydıhe agrees to light | bizjandırırğa unaybızwe agree to light | sizjandırırğa unaysızyou all agree to light | alajandırırğa unaydılathey agree to light |
| agree to | menjandırırğa unamaymaI refuse to light | senjandırırğa unamaysayou refuse to light | oljandırırğa unamaydıhe refuses to light | bizjandırırğa unamaybızwe refuse to light | sizjandırırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to light | alajandırırğa unamaydılathey refuse to light |
| hurry to | menjandırırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to light | senjandırırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to light | oljandırırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to light | bizjandırırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to light | sizjandırırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to light | alajandırırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to light |
| hurry to | menjandırırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to light | senjandırırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to light | oljandırırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to light | bizjandırırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to light | sizjandırırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to light | alajandırırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to light |
| be afraid to | menjandırırğa qorqamaI am afraid to light | senjandırırğa qorqasayou are afraid to light | oljandırırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to light | bizjandırırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to light | sizjandırırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to light | alajandırırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to light |
| be afraid to | menjandırırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to light | senjandırırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to light | oljandırırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to light | bizjandırırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to light | sizjandırırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to light | alajandırırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to light |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menjandıra bolmazmaI can't be lighting | senjandıra bolmazsayou can't be lighting | oljandıra bolmazhe can't be lighting | bizjandıra bolmazbızwe can't be lighting | sizjandıra bolmazsızyou all can't be lighting | alajandıra bolmazlathey can't be lighting |
| Inference, present — double negation | menjandırmay bolmazmaI must be lighting (emphatic) | senjandırmay bolmazsayou must be lighting (emphatic) | oljandırmay bolmazhe must be lighting (emphatic) | bizjandırmay bolmazbızwe must be lighting (emphatic) | sizjandırmay bolmazsızyou all must be lighting (emphatic) | alajandırmay bolmazlathey must be lighting (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menjandıra turmasamif I don't keep lighting | senjandıra turmasaŋif you don't keep lighting | oljandıra turmasaif he doesn't keep lighting | bizjandıra turmasaqif we don't keep lighting | sizjandıra turmasağızif you all don't keep lighting | alajandıra turmasalaif they don't keep lighting |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menjandıra tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of lighting | senjandıra tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of lighting | oljandıra tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of lighting | bizjandıra tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of lighting | sizjandıra tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of lighting | alajandıra tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of lighting |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menjandırmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not lighting (emphatic) | senjandırmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not lighting (emphatic) | oljandırmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not lighting (emphatic) | bizjandırmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not lighting (emphatic) | sizjandırmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not lighting (emphatic) | alajandırmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not lighting (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menjandırmay turamaI keep on not lighting | senjandırmay turasayou keep on not lighting | oljandırmay turadıhe keeps on not lighting | bizjandırmay turabızwe keep on not lighting | sizjandırmay turasızyou all keep on not lighting | alajandırmay turadılathey keep on not lighting |
| Progressive — double negation | menjandırmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not lighting | senjandırmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not lighting | oljandırmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not lighting | bizjandırmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not lighting | sizjandırmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not lighting | alajandırmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not lighting |
| Progressive — double negation | menjandırmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not lighting? | senjandırmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not lighting? | oljandırmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not lighting? | bizjandırmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not lighting? | sizjandırmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not lighting? | alajandırmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not lighting? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menjandırğan bolmazmaI can't have lit | senjandırğan bolmazsayou can't have lit | oljandırğan bolmazhe can't have lit | bizjandırğan bolmazbızwe can't have lit | sizjandırğan bolmazsızyou all can't have lit | alajandırğan bolmazlathey can't have lit |
| Inference — double negation | menjandırmağan bolmazmaI must have lit (emphatic) | senjandırmağan bolmazsayou must have lit (emphatic) | oljandırmağan bolmazhe must have lit (emphatic) | bizjandırmağan bolmazbızwe must have lit (emphatic) | sizjandırmağan bolmazsızyou all must have lit (emphatic) | alajandırmağan bolmazlathey must have lit (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menjandırğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had lit | senjandırğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had lit | oljandırğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had lit | bizjandırğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had lit | sizjandırğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had lit | alajandırğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had lit |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menjandırmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't lit | senjandırmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't lit | oljandırmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't lit | bizjandırmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't lit | sizjandırmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't lit | alajandırmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't lit |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menjandırlıq bolmazmaI can't be going to light | senjandırlıq bolmazsayou can't be going to light | oljandırlıq bolmazhe can't be going to light | bizjandırlıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to light | sizjandırlıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to light | alajandırlıq bolmazlathey can't be going to light |
| Inference, future — double negation | menjandırmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to light (emphatic) | senjandırmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to light (emphatic) | oljandırmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to light (emphatic) | bizjandırmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to light (emphatic) | sizjandırmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to light (emphatic) | alajandırmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to light (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menjandırlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to light | senjandırlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to light | oljandırlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to light | bizjandırlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to light | sizjandırlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to light | alajandırlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to light |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menjandırmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to light | senjandırmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to light | oljandırmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to light | bizjandırmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to light | sizjandırmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to light | alajandırmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to light |