jalğan

/dʒalʁan/

1. (adj.) false, counterfeit, fake, untrue, deceptive, sham

jalğan açha — counterfeit money
jalğan hapar — a made-up story, false information
jalğan söz — a false word
jalğan şağat — a false witness
jalğan şağatlıq — false testimony
jalğan nöger — a false friend
bu hapar jalğandı — this story is untrue

2. (adj.) feigned, insincere, affected, put-on (fig.)

jalğan süymeklik — feigned love
jalğan, közbaw süymeklik edi — it was feigned, illusory love

3. (adj.) artificial, synthetic, imitation (of leather, silk, gems, etc.)

jalğan almaz — an artificial diamond
jalğan teri — artificial leather
jalğan çille — artificial silk
jalğan altın — imitation gold

4. (adj.) prosthetic, artificial (of a leg, arm, tooth, eye)

jalğan tişle — false teeth
jalğan but — a prosthetic leg
jalğan köz — an artificial eye
bıla ua jalğan tişledile — and these are false teeth

5. (adj.) extraneous, outside, unrelated; secondary, subsidiary (fig.)

jalğan işle — secondary jobs
jalğan işleni qoy — leave the secondary jobs
jalğan adam — an outsider
üynü içinde jalğan dawur tohtağanında — when the extraneous noise inside the building stopped

6. (adj.) transient, perishable (of the mortal world) one source

jalğan duniya — the transient world
oh, jalğan duniya! — oh, this transient world!
rıshı degen — ol jalğan zatdı — wealth is a perishable thing

7. (adj.) extended, spliced on, attached as an extension one source

jalğan çıbıq — a spliced wire

8. (adj.) imaginary (of a number) (math.) one source

jalğan san — an imaginary number

Expressions

jalğan daw — false accusation (Collocation)
jalğan duniya — this fleeting world (Idiom)
jalğan patçah — provisional ruler (Collocation)

Sources

Show 7 sources

Guzeev (ed.) 1996–2005 · Explanatory Dictionary of the Karachay-Balkar Language · meanings 1, 3–5
Guzeev 2013 · Dictionary of Homonyms of the Karachay-Balkar Language · meanings 1–4
Nevruz 1991 · Karachay-Balkar–Turkish Dictionary · meaning 1
Salpagarov and Bidzhiev 2006 · Russian–Karachay Dictionary of Mathematical Terms · meaning 8
Suyunchev and Urusbiev (eds.) 1965 · Russian–Karachay-Balkar Dictionary · meanings 1–6
Tenishev and Suyunchev (eds.) 1989 · Karachay-Balkar–Russian Dictionary · meanings 1–5, 7
Tolgurova and Tolgurov n.d. · Abridged Hapax Dictionary of the Karachay-Balkar Language · meaning 1

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Saying it about someone

Saying it about someone — jalğan
Degree	menI	senyou	olhe/she/it	bizwe	sizyou all	alathey
base form	jalğanmaI am false	jalğansayou are false	jalğandıhe is false	jalğanbızwe are false	jalğansızyou all are false	jalğandılathey are false

To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden jalğandı — "compared to me, he is false."

Saying it about mine, yours, theirs

One thing

One thing — jalğan
Degree	menikimine	senikiyours	anıqıhis / hers	biznikiours	siznikiyours (pl.)	alanıqıtheirs
base form	meniki jalğandımine is false	seniki jalğandıyours is false	anıqı jalğandıhis is false	bizniki jalğandıours is false	sizniki jalğandıyours (pl.) is false	alanıqı jalğandıtheirs is false

Several things

Several things — jalğan
Degree	menikilemine	senikileyours	anıqılahis / hers	biznikileours	siznikileyours (pl.)	alanıqılatheirs
base form	menikile jalğandılamine are false	senikile jalğandılayours are false	anıqıla jalğandılahis are false	biznikile jalğandılaours are false	siznikile jalğandılayours (pl.) are false	alanıqıla jalğandılatheirs are false

Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu jalğandı, bıla jalğandıla. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".