irak / İrak
/irak/ · plural İrakla
1. Iraqi
- irak halq — the Iraqi people
- irak jerle — Iraqi lands
- irak tişirıwla — Iraqi women
2. Iraq
- İrakda jaşarğa — to live in Iraq
- İrakdan kelgen adam — a person who came from Iraq
- İraknı üsünden — about Iraq
As an adjective
Saying it about someone
| Degree | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | irakmaI am Iraqi | iraksayou are Iraqi | irakdıhe is Iraqi | irakbızwe are Iraqi | iraksızyou all are Iraqi | irakdılathey are Iraqi |
To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden irakdı — "compared to me, he is Iraqi."
Saying it about mine, yours, theirs
One thing
| Degree | menikimine | senikiyours | anıqıhis / hers | biznikiours | siznikiyours (pl.) | alanıqıtheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | meniki irakdımine is Iraqi | seniki irakdıyours is Iraqi | anıqı irakdıhis is Iraqi | bizniki irakdıours is Iraqi | sizniki irakdıyours (pl.) is Iraqi | alanıqı irakdıtheirs is Iraqi |
Several things
| Degree | menikilemine | senikileyours | anıqılahis / hers | biznikileours | siznikileyours (pl.) | alanıqılatheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | menikile irakdılamine are Iraqi | senikile irakdılayours are Iraqi | anıqıla irakdılahis are Iraqi | biznikile irakdılaours are Iraqi | siznikile irakdılayours (pl.) are Iraqi | alanıqıla irakdılatheirs are Iraqi |
Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu irakdı, bıla irakdıla. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".
As a noun
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | İrakthe Iraq | İragımmy Iraq | İragıŋyour Iraq | İragıhis Iraq | İragıbızour Iraq | İragığızyou all's Iraq | İraklarıtheir Iraqs |
| Genitive | İraknıthe Iraq's | İragımımy Iraq's | İragıŋıyour Iraq's | İragınıhis Iraq's | İragıbıznıour Iraq's | İragığıznıyou all's Iraq's | İraklarınıtheir Iraqs' |
| Accusative | İraknıthe Iraq (as the object) | İragımımy Iraq (as the object) | İragıŋıyour Iraq (as the object) | İragınhis Iraq (as the object) | İragıbıznıour Iraq (as the object) | İragığıznıyou all's Iraq (as the object) | İraklarıntheir Iraqs (as the object) |
| Dative | İrakgato the Iraq | İragımato my Iraq | İragıŋato your Iraq | İragınato his Iraq | İragıbızğato our Iraq | İragığızğato you all's Iraq | İraklarınato their Iraqs |
| Locative | İrakdain / at the Iraq | İragımdain / at my Iraq | İragıŋdain / at your Iraq | İragındain / at his Iraq | İragıbızdain / at our Iraq | İragığızdain / at you all's Iraq | İraklarındain / at their Iraqs |
| Ablative | İrakdanfrom the Iraq | İragımdanfrom my Iraq | İragıŋdanfrom your Iraq | İragındanfrom his Iraq | İragıbızdanfrom our Iraq | İragığızdanfrom you all's Iraq | İraklarındanfrom their Iraqs |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | İraklathe Iraqs | İraklarımmy Iraqs | İraklarıŋyour Iraqs | İraklarıhis Iraqs | İraklarıbızour Iraqs | İraklarığızyou all's Iraqs | İraklarıtheir Iraqs |
| Genitive | İraklanıthe Iraqs' | İraklarımımy Iraqs' | İraklarıŋıyour Iraqs' | İraklarınıhis Iraqs' | İraklarıbıznıour Iraqs' | İraklarığıznıyou all's Iraqs' | İraklarınıtheir Iraqs' |
| Accusative | İraklanıthe Iraqs (as the object) | İraklarımımy Iraqs (as the object) | İraklarıŋıyour Iraqs (as the object) | İraklarınhis Iraqs (as the object) | İraklarıbıznıour Iraqs (as the object) | İraklarığıznıyou all's Iraqs (as the object) | İraklarıntheir Iraqs (as the object) |
| Dative | İraklağato the Iraqs | İraklarımato my Iraqs | İraklarıŋato your Iraqs | İraklarınato his Iraqs | İraklarıbızğato our Iraqs | İraklarığızğato you all's Iraqs | İraklarınato their Iraqs |
| Locative | İrakladain / at the Iraqs | İraklarımdain / at my Iraqs | İraklarıŋdain / at your Iraqs | İraklarındain / at his Iraqs | İraklarıbızdain / at our Iraqs | İraklarığızdain / at you all's Iraqs | İraklarındain / at their Iraqs |
| Ablative | İrakladanfrom the Iraqs | İraklarımdanfrom my Iraqs | İraklarıŋdanfrom your Iraqs | İraklarındanfrom his Iraqs | İraklarıbızdanfrom our Iraqs | İraklarığızdanfrom you all's Iraqs | İraklarındanfrom their Iraqs |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: İrakları can mean "his / her Iraqs", "their Iraq", or "their Iraqs" — context decides.
Whose it is
| Case | one thing, one owner | several things, one owner | one thing, several owners | several things, several owners |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | İraknıqıthe Iraq's one | İraknıqılathe Iraq's ones | İraklanıqıthe Iraqs' one | İraklanıqılathe Iraqs' ones |
| Genitive | İraknıqınıof the Iraq's one | İraknıqılanıof the Iraq's ones | İraklanıqınıof the Iraqs' one | İraklanıqılanıof the Iraqs' ones |
| Accusative | İraknıqınthe Iraq's one (as the object) | İraknıqılanıthe Iraq's ones (as the object) | İraklanıqınthe Iraqs' one (as the object) | İraklanıqılanıthe Iraqs' ones (as the object) |
| Dative | İraknıqınato the Iraq's one | İraknıqılağato the Iraq's ones | İraklanıqınato the Iraqs' one | İraklanıqılağato the Iraqs' ones |
| Locative | İraknıqındain / at the Iraq's one | İraknıqıladain / at the Iraq's ones | İraklanıqındain / at the Iraqs' one | İraklanıqıladain / at the Iraqs' ones |
| Ablative | İraknıqındanfrom the Iraq's one | İraknıqıladanfrom the Iraq's ones | İraklanıqındanfrom the Iraqs' one | İraklanıqıladanfrom the Iraqs' ones |
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.