ilgenirge
/ilɡenirɡe/
1. start, be startled, flinch — Usually of a sudden jolt of fright at an unexpected noise, as in tawuşdan ilgenirge; also of the heart giving a jolt (jüregim ilgendi) and of recoiling or shrinking back in fright (ilgenib artha tururğa).
- tawuşdan ilgenirge — to start at a noise
- jüregim ilgendi — my heart gave a jolt
- men bek ilgendim — I was badly startled
- ilgenib uyanırğa — to wake with a start
- tawuşdan ilgenib uyandım — I woke with a start at a noise
- ilgenib artha tururğa — to start and back away
- ilgenib ızıma turdum — I started and backed away
2. be frightened, take fright
- sabiy itden ilgendi — the child got frightened of the dog
- biz börüden ilgendik — we were frightened of the wolf
- ilgenib qaçdıla — they took fright and ran away
3. become estranged, keep one's distance — Of someone who cools toward others and avoids meeting them.
- ol bizden ilgendi — he grew distant from us
- adamladan ilgenirge — to keep one's distance from people
- bir birden ilgenirge — to become estranged from one another
Conjugation
Common forms
- ilgenedihe is starting
- ilgendihe started
- ilgenŋendihe has started
- ilgenirhe will start
- ilgennikdihe is going to start
- ilgene edihe was starting
- ilgenseif he starts
- ilgen!start!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menilgenemeI am starting | senilgeneseyou are starting | olilgenedihe is starting | bizilgenebizwe are starting | sizilgenesizyou all are starting | alailgenedilethey are starting |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menilgenmeymeI am not starting | senilgenmeyseyou are not starting | olilgenmeydihe is not starting | bizilgenmeybizwe are not starting | sizilgenmeysizyou all are not starting | alailgenmeydilethey are not starting |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menilgenememi? ilgenemime?am I starting? | senilgenemise?are you starting? | olilgenemidi?is he starting? | bizilgenebizmi? ilgenemibiz?are we starting? | sizilgenemisiz?are you all starting? | alailgenemidile?are they starting? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menilgenmeymemi? ilgenmeymime?aren't I starting? | senilgenmeymise?aren't you starting? | olilgenmeymidi?isn't he starting? | bizilgenmeybizmi? ilgenmeymibiz?aren't we starting? | sizilgenmeymisiz?aren't you all starting? | alailgenmeymidile?aren't they starting? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menilgeniwçenmeI usually start | senilgeniwçenseyou usually start | olilgeniwçendihe usually starts | bizilgeniwçenbizwe usually start | sizilgeniwçensizyou all usually start | alailgeniwçendilethey usually start |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menilgenmewçenmeI usually don't start | senilgenmewçenseyou usually don't start | olilgenmewçendihe usually doesn't start | bizilgenmewçenbizwe usually don't start | sizilgenmewçensizyou all usually don't start | alailgenmewçendilethey usually don't start |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menilgeniwçenmemi? ilgeniwçenmime?do I usually start? | senilgeniwçenmise?do you usually start? | olilgeniwçenmidi?does he usually start? | bizilgeniwçenbizmi? ilgeniwçenmibiz?do we usually start? | sizilgeniwçenmisiz?do you all usually start? | alailgeniwçenmidile?do they usually start? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menilgenmewçenmemi? ilgenmewçenmime?do I usually not start? | senilgenmewçenmise?do you usually not start? | olilgenmewçenmidi?does he usually not start? | bizilgenmewçenbizmi? ilgenmewçenmibiz?do we usually not start? | sizilgenmewçenmisiz?do you all usually not start? | alailgenmewçenmidile?do they usually not start? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olilgenibdihe has started and remains so | alailgenibdilethey have started and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olilgenibmidi?has he started? | alailgenibmidile?have they started? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menilgenib turamaI keep starting | senilgenib turasayou keep starting | olilgenib turadıhe keeps starting | bizilgenib turabızwe keep starting | sizilgenib turasızyou all keep starting | alailgenib turadılathey keep starting |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menilgenib turmaymaI don't keep starting | senilgenib turmaysayou don't keep starting | olilgenib turmaydıhe doesn't keep starting | bizilgenib turmaybızwe don't keep starting | sizilgenib turmaysızyou all don't keep starting | alailgenib turmaydılathey don't keep starting |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menilgenib turamamı? ilgenib turamıma?do I keep starting? | senilgenib turamısa?do you keep starting? | olilgenib turamıdı?does he keep starting? | bizilgenib turabızmı? ilgenib turamıbız?do we keep starting? | sizilgenib turamısız?do you all keep starting? | alailgenib turamıdıla?do they keep starting? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menilgenib turmaymamı? ilgenib turmaymıma?don't I keep starting? | senilgenib turmaymısa?don't you keep starting? | olilgenib turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep starting? | bizilgenib turmaybızmı? ilgenib turmaymıbız?don't we keep starting? | sizilgenib turmaymısız?don't you all keep starting? | alailgenib turmaymıdıla?don't they keep starting? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menilgene turamaI am in the middle of starting | senilgene turasayou are in the middle of starting | olilgene turadıhe is in the middle of starting | bizilgene turabızwe are in the middle of starting | sizilgene turasızyou all are in the middle of starting | alailgene turadılathey are in the middle of starting |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menilgene turmaymaI am not in the middle of starting | senilgene turmaysayou are not in the middle of starting | olilgene turmaydıhe is not in the middle of starting | bizilgene turmaybızwe are not in the middle of starting | sizilgene turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of starting | alailgene turmaydılathey are not in the middle of starting |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menilgene turamamı? ilgene turamıma?am I in the middle of starting? | senilgene turamısa?are you in the middle of starting? | olilgene turamıdı?is he in the middle of starting? | bizilgene turabızmı? ilgene turamıbız?are we in the middle of starting? | sizilgene turamısız?are you all in the middle of starting? | alailgene turamıdıla?are they in the middle of starting? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menilgene turmaymamı? ilgene turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of starting? | senilgene turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of starting? | olilgene turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of starting? | bizilgene turmaybızmı? ilgene turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of starting? | sizilgene turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of starting? | alailgene turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of starting? |
| Simple past (definite) | menilgendimI started | senilgendiŋyou started | olilgendihe started | bizilgendikwe started | sizilgendigizyou all started | alailgendilethey started |
| Simple past (definite) | menilgenmedimI didn't start | senilgenmediŋyou didn't start | olilgenmedihe didn't start | bizilgenmedikwe didn't start | sizilgenmedigizyou all didn't start | alailgenmedilethey didn't start |
| Simple past (definite) | menilgendimmi?did I start? | senilgendiŋmi?did you start? | olilgendimi?did he start? | bizilgendikmi?did we start? | sizilgendigizmi?did you all start? | alailgendilemi?did they start? |
| Simple past (definite) | menilgenmedimmi?didn't I start? | senilgenmediŋmi?didn't you start? | olilgenmedimi?didn't he start? | bizilgenmedikmi?didn't we start? | sizilgenmedigizmi?didn't you all start? | alailgenmedilemi?didn't they start? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menilgenŋenmeI have started | senilgenŋenseyou have started | olilgenŋendihe has started | bizilgenŋenbizwe have started | sizilgenŋensizyou all have started | alailgenŋendilethey have started |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menilgenmegenmeI haven't started | senilgenmegenseyou haven't started | olilgenmegendihe hasn't started | bizilgenmegenbizwe haven't started | sizilgenmegensizyou all haven't started | alailgenmegendilethey haven't started |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menilgenŋenmemi? ilgenŋenmime?have I started? | senilgenŋenmise?have you started? | olilgenŋenmidi?has he started? | bizilgenŋenbizmi? ilgenŋenmibiz?have we started? | sizilgenŋenmisiz?have you all started? | alailgenŋenmidile?have they started? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menilgenmegenmemi? ilgenmegenmime?haven't I started? | senilgenmegenmise?haven't you started? | olilgenmegenmidi?hasn't he started? | bizilgenmegenbizmi? ilgenmegenmibiz?haven't we started? | sizilgenmegenmisiz?haven't you all started? | alailgenmegenmidile?haven't they started? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menilgenib turdumI kept starting | senilgenib turduŋyou kept starting | olilgenib turduhe kept starting | bizilgenib turduqwe kept starting | sizilgenib turduğuzyou all kept starting | alailgenib turdulathey kept starting |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menilgenib turmadımI didn't keep starting | senilgenib turmadıŋyou didn't keep starting | olilgenib turmadıhe didn't keep starting | bizilgenib turmadıqwe didn't keep starting | sizilgenib turmadığızyou all didn't keep starting | alailgenib turmadılathey didn't keep starting |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menilgenirmeI will start | senilgenirseyou will start | olilgenirhe will start | bizilgenirbizwe will start | sizilgenirsizyou all will start | alailgenirlethey will start |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menilgenmezmeI won't start | senilgenmezseyou won't start | olilgenmezhe won't start | bizilgenmezbizwe won't start | sizilgenmezsizyou all won't start | alailgenmezlethey won't start |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menilgenirmemi? ilgenirmime?will I start? | senilgenirmise?will you start? | olilgenirmi?will he start? | bizilgenirbizmi? ilgenirmibiz?will we start? | sizilgenirmisiz?will you all start? | alailgenirlemi? ilgenirmile?will they start? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menilgenmezmemi? ilgenmezmime?won't I start? | senilgenmezmise?won't you start? | olilgenmezmi?won't he start? | bizilgenmezbizmi? ilgenmezmibiz?won't we start? | sizilgenmezmisiz?won't you all start? | alailgenmezlemi? ilgenmezmile?won't they start? |
| Definite future (future II) | menilgennikme1ilgenirikmeI am going to start | senilgennikse1ilgenirikseyou are going to start | olilgennikdi1ilgenirikdihe is going to start | bizilgennikbiz1ilgenirikbizwe are going to start | sizilgenniksiz1ilgeniriksizyou all are going to start | alailgennikdile1ilgenirikdilethey are going to start |
| Definite future (future II) | menilgennik tülme1ilgenirik tülmeI am not going to start | senilgennik tülse1ilgenirik tülseyou are not going to start | olilgennik tüldü1ilgenirik tüldühe is not going to start | bizilgennik tülbüz1ilgenirik tülbüzwe are not going to start | sizilgennik tülsüz1ilgenirik tülsüzyou all are not going to start | alailgennik tüldüle1ilgenirik tüldülethey are not going to start |
| Definite future (future II) | menilgennikmemi?1 ilgennikmime?ilgenirikmemi?am I going to start? | senilgennikmise?1ilgenirikmise?are you going to start? | olilgennikmidi?1ilgenirikmidi?is he going to start? | bizilgennikbizmi?1 ilgennikmibiz?ilgenirikbizmi?are we going to start? | sizilgennikmisiz?1ilgenirikmisiz?are you all going to start? | alailgennikmidile?1ilgenirikmidile?are they going to start? |
| Definite future (future II) | menilgennik tülmüme?1ilgenirik tülmüme?aren't I going to start? | senilgennik tülmüse?1ilgenirik tülmüse?aren't you going to start? | olilgennik tülmüdü?1ilgenirik tülmüdü?isn't he going to start? | bizilgennik tülmübüz?1ilgenirik tülmübüz?aren't we going to start? | sizilgennik tülmüsüz?1ilgenirik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to start? | alailgennik tülmüdüle?1ilgenirik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to start? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so ilgenirikdi
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menilgenŋen edimilgenŋenemI had started | senilgenŋen ediŋilgenŋeneŋyou had started | olilgenŋen ediilgenŋenedhe had started | bizilgenŋen edikilgenŋenekwe had started | sizilgenŋen edigizilgenŋenegizyou all had started | alailgenŋen edileilgenŋenellethey had started |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menilgenmegen edimilgenmegenemI hadn't started | senilgenmegen ediŋilgenmegeneŋyou hadn't started | olilgenmegen ediilgenmegenedhe hadn't started | bizilgenmegen edikilgenmegenekwe hadn't started | sizilgenmegen edigizilgenmegenegizyou all hadn't started | alailgenmegen edileilgenmegenellethey hadn't started |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menilgene edimilgenemI was starting | senilgene ediŋilgeneŋyou were starting | olilgene ediilgenedhe was starting | bizilgene edikilgenekwe were starting | sizilgene edigizilgenegizyou all were starting | alailgene edileilgenellethey were starting |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menilgenmey edimilgenmeyemI wasn't starting | senilgenmey ediŋilgenmeyeŋyou weren't starting | olilgenmey ediilgenmeyedhe wasn't starting | bizilgenmey edikilgenmeyekwe weren't starting | sizilgenmey edigizilgenmeyegizyou all weren't starting | alailgenmey edileilgenmeyellethey weren't starting |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menilgeniwçen edimilgeniwçenemI used to start | senilgeniwçen ediŋilgeniwçeneŋyou used to start | olilgeniwçen ediilgeniwçenedhe used to start | bizilgeniwçen edikilgeniwçenekwe used to start | sizilgeniwçen edigizilgeniwçenegizyou all used to start | alailgeniwçen edileilgeniwçenellethey used to start |
| Habitual past (used to) | menilgenmewçen edimilgenmewçenemI didn't use to start | senilgenmewçen ediŋilgenmewçeneŋyou didn't use to start | olilgenmewçen ediilgenmewçenedhe didn't use to start | bizilgenmewçen edikilgenmewçenekwe didn't use to start | sizilgenmewçen edigizilgenmewçenegizyou all didn't use to start | alailgenmewçen edileilgenmewçenellethey didn't use to start |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olilgenib edihe had started and remained so | alailgenib edilethey had started and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olilgenib tül edihe hadn't started | alailgenib tül edilethey hadn't started | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menilgenib tura edimilgenib turaemI had kept starting | senilgenib tura ediŋilgenib turaeŋyou had kept starting | olilgenib tura ediilgenib turaedhe had kept starting | bizilgenib tura edikilgenib turaekwe had kept starting | sizilgenib tura edigizilgenib turaegizyou all had kept starting | alailgenib tura edileilgenib turaellethey had kept starting |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menilgenib turmay edimilgenib turmayemI hadn't kept starting | senilgenib turmay ediŋilgenib turmayeŋyou hadn't kept starting | olilgenib turmay ediilgenib turmayedhe hadn't kept starting | bizilgenib turmay edikilgenib turmayekwe hadn't kept starting | sizilgenib turmay edigizilgenib turmayegizyou all hadn't kept starting | alailgenib turmay edileilgenib turmayellethey hadn't kept starting |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menilgene tura edimilgene turaemI was in the middle of starting | senilgene tura ediŋilgene turaeŋyou were in the middle of starting | olilgene tura ediilgene turaedhe was in the middle of starting | bizilgene tura edikilgene turaekwe were in the middle of starting | sizilgene tura edigizilgene turaegizyou all were in the middle of starting | alailgene tura edileilgene turaellethey were in the middle of starting |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menilgene turmay edimilgene turmayemI wasn't in the middle of starting | senilgene turmay ediŋilgene turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of starting | olilgene turmay ediilgene turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of starting | bizilgene turmay edikilgene turmayekwe weren't in the middle of starting | sizilgene turmay edigizilgene turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of starting | alailgene turmay edileilgene turmayellethey weren't in the middle of starting |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menilgenir edimilgenir emI would start | senilgenir ediŋilgenir eŋyou would start | olilgenir ediilgenir edhe would start | bizilgenir edikilgenir ekwe would start | sizilgenir edigizilgenir egizyou all would start | alailgenir edileilgenir ellethey would start |
| Conditional result (would) | menilgenmez edimilgenmez emI wouldn't start | senilgenmez ediŋilgenmez eŋyou wouldn't start | olilgenmez ediilgenmez edhe wouldn't start | bizilgenmez edikilgenmez ekwe wouldn't start | sizilgenmez edigizilgenmez egizyou all wouldn't start | alailgenmez edileilgenmez ellethey wouldn't start |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menilgennik edim2ilgennik emilgenirik edimI would have started | senilgennik ediŋ2ilgennik eŋilgenirik ediŋyou would have started | olilgennik edi2ilgennik edilgenirik edihe would have started | bizilgennik edik2ilgennik ekilgenirik edikwe would have started | sizilgennik edigiz2ilgennik egizilgenirik edigizyou all would have started | alailgennik edile2ilgennik elleilgenirik edilethey would have started |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menilgennik tül edim2ilgennik tül emilgenirik tül edimI wouldn't have started | senilgennik tül ediŋ2ilgennik tül eŋilgenirik tül ediŋyou wouldn't have started | olilgennik tül edi2ilgennik tül edilgenirik tül edihe wouldn't have started | bizilgennik tül edik2ilgennik tül ekilgenirik tül edikwe wouldn't have started | sizilgennik tül edigiz2ilgennik tül egizilgenirik tül edigizyou all wouldn't have started | alailgennik tül edile2ilgennik tül elleilgenirik tül edilethey wouldn't have started |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so ilgenirik edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menilgensemif I start | senilgenseŋif you start | olilgenseif he starts | bizilgensekif we start | sizilgensegizif you all start | alailgenseleif they start |
| Conditional | menilgenmesemif I don't start | senilgenmeseŋif you don't start | olilgenmeseif he doesn't start | bizilgenmesekif we don't start | sizilgenmesegizif you all don't start | alailgenmeseleif they don't start |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menilgene esemif I am starting | senilgene eseŋif you are starting | olilgene eseif he is starting | bizilgene esekif we are starting | sizilgene esegizif you all are starting | alailgene eseleif they are starting |
| Conditional, present real | menilgenmey esemif I am not starting | senilgenmey eseŋif you are not starting | olilgenmey eseif he is not starting | bizilgenmey esekif we are not starting | sizilgenmey esegizif you all are not starting | alailgenmey eseleif they are not starting |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menilgensem ediilgensem edif only I started | senilgenseŋ ediilgenseŋ edif only you started | olilgense ediilgensedif only he started | bizilgensek ediilgensek edif only we started | sizilgensegiz ediilgensegiz edif only you all started | alailgensele ediilgenseledif only they started |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menilgenmesem ediilgenmesem edif only I didn't start | senilgenmeseŋ ediilgenmeseŋ edif only you didn't start | olilgenmese ediilgenmesedif only he didn't start | bizilgenmesek ediilgenmesek edif only we didn't start | sizilgenmesegiz ediilgenmesegiz edif only you all didn't start | alailgenmesele ediilgenmeseledif only they didn't start |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menilgenib tursamif I carry on starting | senilgenib tursaŋif you carry on starting | olilgenib tursaif he carries on starting | bizilgenib tursaqif we carry on starting | sizilgenib tursağızif you all carry on starting | alailgenib tursalaif they carry on starting |
| Durative conditional | menilgenib turmasamif I don't carry on starting | senilgenib turmasaŋif you don't carry on starting | olilgenib turmasaif he doesn't carry on starting | bizilgenib turmasaqif we don't carry on starting | sizilgenib turmasağızif you all don't carry on starting | alailgenib turmasalaif they don't carry on starting |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menilgenib tura esemif I have kept starting | senilgenib tura eseŋif you have kept starting | olilgenib tura eseif he has kept starting | bizilgenib tura esekif we have kept starting | sizilgenib tura esegizif you all have kept starting | alailgenib tura eseleif they have kept starting |
| Durative conditional, present real | menilgenib turmay esemif I haven't kept starting | senilgenib turmay eseŋif you haven't kept starting | olilgenib turmay eseif he hasn't kept starting | bizilgenib turmay esekif we haven't kept starting | sizilgenib turmay esegizif you all haven't kept starting | alailgenib turmay eseleif they haven't kept starting |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menilgene tursamif I keep starting | senilgene tursaŋif you keep starting | olilgene tursaif he keeps starting | bizilgene tursaqif we keep starting | sizilgene tursağızif you all keep starting | alailgene tursalaif they keep starting |
| Progressive conditional | menilgenmey tursamif I keep on not starting | senilgenmey tursaŋif you keep on not starting | olilgenmey tursaif he keeps on not starting | bizilgenmey tursaqif we keep on not starting | sizilgenmey tursağızif you all keep on not starting | alailgenmey tursalaif they keep on not starting |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menilgene tura esemif I am in the middle of starting | senilgene tura eseŋif you are in the middle of starting | olilgene tura eseif he is in the middle of starting | bizilgene tura esekif we are in the middle of starting | sizilgene tura esegizif you all are in the middle of starting | alailgene tura eseleif they are in the middle of starting |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menilgenmey tura esemif I keep on not starting | senilgenmey tura eseŋif you keep on not starting | olilgenmey tura eseif he keeps on not starting | bizilgenmey tura esekif we keep on not starting | sizilgenmey tura esegizif you all keep on not starting | alailgenmey tura eseleif they keep on not starting |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | menilgendim esemif I started | senilgendiŋ eseŋif you started | olilgendi eseif he started | bizilgendik esekif we started | sizilgendigiz esegizif you all started | alailgendile eseleif they started |
| Conditional, definite past3 | menilgenmedim esemif I didn't start | senilgenmediŋ eseŋif you didn't start | olilgenmedi eseif he didn't start | bizilgenmedik esekif we didn't start | sizilgenmedigiz esegizif you all didn't start | alailgenmedile eseleif they didn't start |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menilgenŋen esemif I did start (indeed) | senilgenŋen eseŋif you did start (indeed) | olilgenŋen eseif he did start (indeed) | bizilgenŋen esekif we did start (indeed) | sizilgenŋen esegizif you all did start (indeed) | alailgenŋen eseleif they did start (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menilgenmegen esemif I didn't start (indeed) | senilgenmegen eseŋif you didn't start (indeed) | olilgenmegen eseif he didn't start (indeed) | bizilgenmegen esekif we didn't start (indeed) | sizilgenmegen esegizif you all didn't start (indeed) | alailgenmegen eseleif they didn't start (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menilgenŋen bolsamif I had started | senilgenŋen bolsaŋif you had started | olilgenŋen bolsaif he had started | bizilgenŋen bolsaqif we had started | sizilgenŋen bolsağızif you all had started | alailgenŋen bolsalaif they had started |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menilgenmegen bolsamif I hadn't started | senilgenmegen bolsaŋif you hadn't started | olilgenmegen bolsaif he hadn't started | bizilgenmegen bolsaqif we hadn't started | sizilgenmegen bolsağızif you all hadn't started | alailgenmegen bolsalaif they hadn't started |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menilgenŋen bolsam ediilgenŋen bolsam edif only I had started | senilgenŋen bolsaŋ ediilgenŋen bolsaŋ edif only you had started | olilgenŋen bolsa ediilgenŋen bolsaedif only he had started | bizilgenŋen bolsaq ediilgenŋen bolsaq edif only we had started | sizilgenŋen bolsağız ediilgenŋen bolsağız edif only you all had started | alailgenŋen bolsala ediilgenŋen bolsalaedif only they had started |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menilgenmegen bolsam ediilgenmegen bolsam edif only I hadn't started | senilgenmegen bolsaŋ ediilgenmegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't started | olilgenmegen bolsa ediilgenmegen bolsaedif only he hadn't started | bizilgenmegen bolsaq ediilgenmegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't started | sizilgenmegen bolsağız ediilgenmegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't started | alailgenmegen bolsala ediilgenmegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't started |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menilgenir esemif I will start | senilgenir eseŋif you will start | olilgenir eseif he will start | bizilgenir esekif we will start | sizilgenir esegizif you all will start | alailgenir eseleif they will start |
| Conditional, aorist | menilgenmez esemif I won't start | senilgenmez eseŋif you won't start | olilgenmez eseif he won't start | bizilgenmez esekif we won't start | sizilgenmez esegizif you all won't start | alailgenmez eseleif they won't start |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menilgennik esem4ilgenirik esemif I am going to start | senilgennik eseŋ4ilgenirik eseŋif you are going to start | olilgennik ese4ilgenirik eseif he is going to start | bizilgennik esek4ilgenirik esekif we are going to start | sizilgennik esegiz4ilgenirik esegizif you all are going to start | alailgennik esele4ilgenirik eseleif they are going to start |
| Conditional, future | menilgennik tül esem4ilgenirik tül esemif I am not going to start | senilgennik tül eseŋ4ilgenirik tül eseŋif you are not going to start | olilgennik tül ese4ilgenirik tül eseif he is not going to start | bizilgennik tül esek4ilgenirik tül esekif we are not going to start | sizilgennik tül esegiz4ilgenirik tül esegizif you all are not going to start | alailgennik tül esele4ilgenirik tül eseleif they are not going to start |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menilgennik bolsam5ilgenirik bolsamif I were going to start | senilgennik bolsaŋ5ilgenirik bolsaŋif you were going to start | olilgennik bolsa5ilgenirik bolsaif he were going to start | bizilgennik bolsaq5ilgenirik bolsaqif we were going to start | sizilgennik bolsağız5ilgenirik bolsağızif you all were going to start | alailgennik bolsala5ilgenirik bolsalaif they were going to start |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menilgenmezlik bolsamif I were not going to start | senilgenmezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to start | olilgenmezlik bolsaif he were not going to start | bizilgenmezlik bolsaqif we were not going to start | sizilgenmezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to start | alailgenmezlik bolsalaif they were not going to start |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso ilgendiŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurefull form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so ilgenirik ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurefull form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so ilgenirik bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menilgene bolurmaI must be starting | senilgene bolursayou must be starting | olilgene bolurhe must be starting | bizilgene bolurbuzwe must be starting | sizilgene bolursuzyou all must be starting | alailgene bolurlathey must be starting |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menilgenmey bolurmaI must not be starting | senilgenmey bolursayou must not be starting | olilgenmey bolurhe must not be starting | bizilgenmey bolurbuzwe must not be starting | sizilgenmey bolursuzyou all must not be starting | alailgenmey bolurlathey must not be starting |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menilgene tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of starting | senilgene tura bolursayou must be in the middle of starting | olilgene tura bolurhe must be in the middle of starting | bizilgene tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of starting | sizilgene tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of starting | alailgene tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of starting |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menilgenmey tura bolurmaI must keep on not starting | senilgenmey tura bolursayou must keep on not starting | olilgenmey tura bolurhe must keep on not starting | bizilgenmey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not starting | sizilgenmey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not starting | alailgenmey tura bolurlathey must keep on not starting |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menilgenŋen bolurmaI must have started | senilgenŋen bolursayou must have started | olilgenŋen bolurhe must have started | bizilgenŋen bolurbuzwe must have started | sizilgenŋen bolursuzyou all must have started | alailgenŋen bolurlathey must have started |
| Inference (must have) | menilgenmegen bolurmaI must not have started | senilgenmegen bolursayou must not have started | olilgenmegen bolurhe must not have started | bizilgenmegen bolurbuzwe must not have started | sizilgenmegen bolursuzyou all must not have started | alailgenmegen bolurlathey must not have started |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menilgennik bolurma6ilgenirik bolurmaI must be going to start | senilgennik bolursa6ilgenirik bolursayou must be going to start | olilgennik bolur6ilgenirik bolurhe must be going to start | bizilgennik bolurbuz6ilgenirik bolurbuzwe must be going to start | sizilgennik bolursuz6ilgenirik bolursuzyou all must be going to start | alailgennik bolurla6ilgenirik bolurlathey must be going to start |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menilgenmezlik bolurmaI must not be going to start | senilgenmezlik bolursayou must not be going to start | olilgenmezlik bolurhe must not be going to start | bizilgenmezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to start | sizilgenmezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to start | alailgenmezlik bolurlathey must not be going to start |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so ilgenirik bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menilgeneyimlet me start | senilgen!start! | olilgensinlet him start | bizilgeneyiklet's start | sizilgenigiz!start, you all! | alailgensinlelet them start |
| Commands & suggestions | menilgenmeyimlet me not start | senilgenme!don't start! | olilgenmesinlet him not start | bizilgenmeyiklet's not start | sizilgenmegiz!don't start, you all! | alailgenmesinlelet them not start |
| Commands & suggestions | menilgeneyimmi?shall I start? | olilgensinmi?should he start? | bizilgeneyikmi?shall we start? | alailgensinlemi?should they start? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menilgenmeyimmi?shall I not start? | olilgenmesinmi?should he not start? | bizilgenmeyikmi?shall we not start? | alailgenmesinlemi?should they not start? | ||
| Requests | senilgençi7ilgençinplease start | olilgensinçido let him start | sizilgençigizplease start (plural/polite) | alailgensinleçido let them start | ||
| Requests | senilgenmeçi7ilgenmeçinplease don't start | olilgenmesinçido let him not start | sizilgenmeçigizplease don't start (plural/polite) | alailgenmesinleçido let them not start | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senilgenŋinilgenŋimay you start | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senilgenmeginilgenmegimay you not start | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menilgenŋey edim ilgenŋe edimwould that I started | senilgenŋey ediŋ ilgenŋe ediŋwould that you started | olilgenŋey edi ilgenŋe ediwould that he started | bizilgenŋey edik ilgenŋe edikwould that we started | sizilgenŋey edigiz ilgenŋe edigizwould that you all started | alailgenŋey edile ilgenŋe edilewould that they started |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menilgenmegey edim ilgenmege edimwould that I did not start | senilgenmegey ediŋ ilgenmege ediŋwould that you did not start | olilgenmegey edi ilgenmege ediwould that he did not start | bizilgenmegey edik ilgenmege edikwould that we did not start | sizilgenmegey edigiz ilgenmege edigizwould that you all did not start | alailgenmegey edile ilgenmege edilewould that they did not start |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menilgenmege qoyayımilgenme qoyayımlet me allow someone to start | senilgenmege qoy!ilgenme qoy!let someone start! | olilgenmege qoysunilgenme qoysunlet him allow someone to start | bizilgenmege qoyayıqilgenme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to start | sizilgenmege qoyuğuz!ilgenme qoyuğuz!let someone start, you all! | alailgenmege qoysunlailgenme qoysunlalet them allow someone to start |
| Let someone… (commands) | menilgenmege qoymayımilgenme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to start | senilgenmege qoyma!ilgenme qoyma!don't let someone start! | olilgenmege qoymasınilgenme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to start | bizilgenmege qoymayıqilgenme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to start | sizilgenmege qoymağız!ilgenme qoymağız!don't let someone start, you all! | alailgenmege qoymasınlailgenme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to start |
| Let someone… (commands) | menilgenmege qoyayımmı?ilgenme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to start? | olilgenmege qoysunmu?ilgenme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to start? | bizilgenmege qoyayıqmı?ilgenme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to start? | alailgenmege qoysunlamı?ilgenme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to start? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menilgenmege qoymayımmı?ilgenme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to start? | olilgenmege qoymasınmı?ilgenme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to start? | bizilgenmege qoymayıqmı?ilgenme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to start? | alailgenmege qoymasınlamı?ilgenme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to start? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menilgenmege qoyamailgenme qoyamaI allow someone to start | senilgenmege qoyasailgenme qoyasayou allow someone to start | olilgenmege qoyadıilgenme qoyadıhe allows someone to start | bizilgenmege qoyabızilgenme qoyabızwe allow someone to start | sizilgenmege qoyasızilgenme qoyasızyou all allow someone to start | alailgenmege qoyadılailgenme qoyadılathey allow someone to start |
| Let someone… (present) | menilgenmege qoymaymailgenme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to start | senilgenmege qoymaysailgenme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to start | olilgenmege qoymaydıilgenme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to start | bizilgenmege qoymaybızilgenme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to start | sizilgenmege qoymaysızilgenme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to start | alailgenmege qoymaydılailgenme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to start |
| Let someone… (present) | menilgenmege qoyamamı?ilgenme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to start? | senilgenmege qoyamısa?ilgenme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to start? | olilgenmege qoyamıdı?ilgenme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to start? | bizilgenmege qoyabızmı?ilgenme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to start? | sizilgenmege qoyamısız?ilgenme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to start? | alailgenmege qoyamıdıla?ilgenme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to start? |
| Let someone… (present) | menilgenmege qoymaymamı?ilgenme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to start? | senilgenmege qoymaymısa?ilgenme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to start? | olilgenmege qoymaymıdı?ilgenme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to start? | bizilgenmege qoymaybızmı?ilgenme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to start? | sizilgenmege qoymaymısız?ilgenme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to start? | alailgenmege qoymaymıdıla?ilgenme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to start? |
| Let someone… (past) | menilgenmege qoydumilgenme qoydumI allowed someone to start | senilgenmege qoyduŋilgenme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to start | olilgenmege qoyduilgenme qoyduhe allowed someone to start | bizilgenmege qoyduqilgenme qoyduqwe allowed someone to start | sizilgenmege qoyduğuzilgenme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to start | alailgenmege qoydulailgenme qoydulathey allowed someone to start |
| Let someone… (past) | menilgenmege qoymadımilgenme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to start | senilgenmege qoymadıŋilgenme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to start | olilgenmege qoymadıilgenme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to start | bizilgenmege qoymadıqilgenme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to start | sizilgenmege qoymadığızilgenme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to start | alailgenmege qoymadılailgenme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to start |
| Let someone… (past) | menilgenmege qoydummu?ilgenme qoydummu?did I allow someone to start? | senilgenmege qoyduŋmu?ilgenme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to start? | olilgenmege qoydumu?ilgenme qoydumu?did he allow someone to start? | bizilgenmege qoyduqmu?ilgenme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to start? | sizilgenmege qoyduğuzmu?ilgenme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to start? | alailgenmege qoydulamı?ilgenme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to start? |
| Let someone… (past) | menilgenmege qoymadımmı?ilgenme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to start? | senilgenmege qoymadıŋmı?ilgenme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to start? | olilgenmege qoymadımı?ilgenme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to start? | bizilgenmege qoymadıqmı?ilgenme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to start? | sizilgenmege qoymadığızmı?ilgenme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to start? | alailgenmege qoymadılamı?ilgenme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to start? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menilgenalamaI can start | senilgenalasayou can start | olilgenaladıhe can start | bizilgenalabızwe can start | sizilgenalasızyou all can start | alailgenaladılathey can start |
| Ability — present | menilgenalmaymaI can't start | senilgenalmaysayou can't start | olilgenalmaydıhe can't start | bizilgenalmaybızwe can't start | sizilgenalmaysızyou all can't start | alailgenalmaydılathey can't start |
| Ability — present | menilgenalamamı? ilgenalamıma?can I start? | senilgenalamısa?can you start? | olilgenalamıdı?can he start? | bizilgenalabızmı? ilgenalamıbız?can we start? | sizilgenalamısız?can you all start? | alailgenalamıdıla?can they start? |
| Ability — present | menilgenalmaymamı? ilgenalmaymıma?can't I start? | senilgenalmaymısa?can't you start? | olilgenalmaymıdı?can't he start? | bizilgenalmaybızmı? ilgenalmaymıbız?can't we start? | sizilgenalmaymısız?can't you all start? | alailgenalmaymıdıla?can't they start? |
| Ability — if I can… | menilgenalsamif I can start | senilgenalsaŋif you can start | olilgenalsaif he can start | bizilgenalsaqif we can start | sizilgenalsağızif you all can start | alailgenalsalaif they can start |
| Ability — if I can… | menilgenalmasamif I can't start | senilgenalmasaŋif you can't start | olilgenalmasaif he can't start | bizilgenalmasaqif we can't start | sizilgenalmasağızif you all can't start | alailgenalmasalaif they can't start |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menilgenaldımI was able to start | senilgenaldıŋyou were able to start | olilgenaldıhe was able to start | bizilgenaldıqwe were able to start | sizilgenaldığızyou all were able to start | alailgenaldılathey were able to start |
| Ability — simple past | menilgenalmadımI could not start | senilgenalmadıŋyou could not start | olilgenalmadıhe could not start | bizilgenalmadıqwe could not start | sizilgenalmadığızyou all could not start | alailgenalmadılathey could not start |
| Ability — simple past | menilgenaldımmı?was I able to start? | senilgenaldıŋmı?were you able to start? | olilgenaldımı?was he able to start? | bizilgenaldıqmı?were we able to start? | sizilgenaldığızmı?were you all able to start? | alailgenaldılamı?were they able to start? |
| Ability — simple past | menilgenalmadımmı?couldn't I start? | senilgenalmadıŋmı?couldn't you start? | olilgenalmadımı?couldn't he start? | bizilgenalmadıqmı?couldn't we start? | sizilgenalmadığızmı?couldn't you all start? | alailgenalmadılamı?couldn't they start? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menilgenalğanmaI have been able to start | senilgenalğansayou have been able to start | olilgenalğandıhe has been able to start | bizilgenalğanbızwe have been able to start | sizilgenalğansızyou all have been able to start | alailgenalğandılathey have been able to start |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menilgenalmağanmaI haven't been able to start | senilgenalmağansayou haven't been able to start | olilgenalmağandıhe hasn't been able to start | bizilgenalmağanbızwe haven't been able to start | sizilgenalmağansızyou all haven't been able to start | alailgenalmağandılathey haven't been able to start |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menilgenalğanmamı? ilgenalğanmıma?have I been able to start? | senilgenalğanmısa?have you been able to start? | olilgenalğanmıdı?has he been able to start? | bizilgenalğanbızmı? ilgenalğanmıbız?have we been able to start? | sizilgenalğanmısız?have you all been able to start? | alailgenalğanmıdıla?have they been able to start? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menilgenalmağanmamı? ilgenalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to start? | senilgenalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to start? | olilgenalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to start? | bizilgenalmağanbızmı? ilgenalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to start? | sizilgenalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to start? | alailgenalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to start? |
| Ability — past perfect | menilgenalğan edimilgenalğanemI had been able to start | senilgenalğan ediŋilgenalğaneŋyou had been able to start | olilgenalğan ediilgenalğanedhe had been able to start | bizilgenalğan edikilgenalğanekwe had been able to start | sizilgenalğan edigizilgenalğanegizyou all had been able to start | alailgenalğan edileilgenalğanellethey had been able to start |
| Ability — past perfect | menilgenalmağan edimilgenalmağanemI hadn't been able to start | senilgenalmağan ediŋilgenalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to start | olilgenalmağan ediilgenalmağanedhe hadn't been able to start | bizilgenalmağan edikilgenalmağanekwe hadn't been able to start | sizilgenalmağan edigizilgenalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to start | alailgenalmağan edileilgenalmağanellethey hadn't been able to start |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menilgenala edimilgenalaemI could start | senilgenala ediŋilgenalaeŋyou could start | olilgenala ediilgenalaedhe could start | bizilgenala edikilgenalaekwe could start | sizilgenala edigizilgenalaegizyou all could start | alailgenala edileilgenalaellethey could start |
| Ability — past background | menilgenalmay edimilgenalmayemI could not start | senilgenalmay ediŋilgenalmayeŋyou could not start | olilgenalmay ediilgenalmayedhe could not start | bizilgenalmay edikilgenalmayekwe could not start | sizilgenalmay edigizilgenalmayegizyou all could not start | alailgenalmay edileilgenalmayellethey could not start |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menilgenalırmaI will be able to start | senilgenalırsayou will be able to start | olilgenalırhe will be able to start | bizilgenalırbızwe will be able to start | sizilgenalırsızyou all will be able to start | alailgenalırlathey will be able to start |
| Ability — future I | menilgenalmazmaI won't be able to start | senilgenalmazsayou won't be able to start | olilgenalmazhe won't be able to start | bizilgenalmazbızwe won't be able to start | sizilgenalmazsızyou all won't be able to start | alailgenalmazlathey won't be able to start |
| Ability — future I | menilgenalırmamı? ilgenalırmıma?will I be able to start? | senilgenalırmısa?will you be able to start? | olilgenalırmı?will he be able to start? | bizilgenalırbızmı? ilgenalırmıbız?will we be able to start? | sizilgenalırmısız?will you all be able to start? | alailgenalırlamı? ilgenalırmıla?will they be able to start? |
| Ability — future I | menilgenalmazmamı? ilgenalmazmıma?won't I be able to start? | senilgenalmazmısa?won't you be able to start? | olilgenalmazmı?won't he be able to start? | bizilgenalmazbızmı? ilgenalmazmıbız?won't we be able to start? | sizilgenalmazmısız?won't you all be able to start? | alailgenalmazlamı? ilgenalmazmıla?won't they be able to start? |
| Ability — future II | menilgenallıqmaI am going to be able to start | senilgenallıqsayou are going to be able to start | olilgenallıqdıhe is going to be able to start | bizilgenallıqbızwe are going to be able to start | sizilgenallıqsızyou all are going to be able to start | alailgenallıqdılathey are going to be able to start |
| Ability — future II | menilgenallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to start | senilgenallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to start | olilgenallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to start | bizilgenallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to start | sizilgenallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to start | alailgenallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to start |
| Ability — future II | menilgenallıqmamı? ilgenallıqmıma?am I going to be able to start? | senilgenallıqmısa?are you going to be able to start? | olilgenallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to start? | bizilgenallıqbızmı? ilgenallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to start? | sizilgenallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to start? | alailgenallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to start? |
| Ability — future II | menilgenallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to start? | senilgenallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to start? | olilgenallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to start? | bizilgenallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to start? | sizilgenallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to start? | alailgenallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to start? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menilgenalır edimilgenalır emI would be able to start | senilgenalır ediŋilgenalır eŋyou would be able to start | olilgenalır ediilgenalır edhe would be able to start | bizilgenalır edikilgenalır ekwe would be able to start | sizilgenalır edigizilgenalır egizyou all would be able to start | alailgenalır edileilgenalır ellethey would be able to start |
| Ability — would be able to… | menilgenalmaz edimilgenalmaz emI wouldn't be able to start | senilgenalmaz ediŋilgenalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to start | olilgenalmaz ediilgenalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to start | bizilgenalmaz edikilgenalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to start | sizilgenalmaz edigizilgenalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to start | alailgenalmaz edileilgenalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to start |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senilgenalğınilgenalğımay you be able to start | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senilgenalmağınilgenalmağımay you not be able to start | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menilgenirge izleymeI want to start | senilgenirge izleyseyou want to start | olilgenirge izleydihe wants to start | bizilgenirge izleybizwe want to start | sizilgenirge izleysizyou all want to start | alailgenirge izleydilethey want to start |
| want to | menilgenirge izlemeymeI do not want to start | senilgenirge izlemeyseyou do not want to start | olilgenirge izlemeydihe does not want to start | bizilgenirge izlemeybizwe do not want to start | sizilgenirge izlemeysizyou all do not want to start | alailgenirge izlemeydilethey do not want to start |
| would like to | menilgenirge süemeI would like to start | senilgenirge süeseyou would like to start | olilgenirge süedihe would like to start | bizilgenirge süebizwe would like to start | sizilgenirge süesizyou all would like to start | alailgenirge süedilethey would like to start |
| would like to | menilgenirge süymeymeI would not like to start | senilgenirge süymeyseyou would not like to start | olilgenirge süymeydihe would not like to start | bizilgenirge süymeybizwe would not like to start | sizilgenirge süymeysizyou all would not like to start | alailgenirge süymeydilethey would not like to start |
| hope to | menilgenirge umutlanamaI hope to start | senilgenirge umutlanasayou hope to start | olilgenirge umutlanadıhe hopes to start | bizilgenirge umutlanabızwe hope to start | sizilgenirge umutlanasızyou all hope to start | alailgenirge umutlanadılathey hope to start |
| hope to | menilgenirge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to start | senilgenirge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to start | olilgenirge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to start | bizilgenirge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to start | sizilgenirge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to start | alailgenirge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to start |
| be about to | menilgenirge deb turamaI am about to start | senilgenirge deb turasayou are about to start | olilgenirge deb turadıhe is about to start | bizilgenirge deb turabızwe are about to start | sizilgenirge deb turasızyou all are about to start | alailgenirge deb turadılathey are about to start |
| be about to | menilgenirge deb turmaymaI am not about to start | senilgenirge deb turmaysayou are not about to start | olilgenirge deb turmaydıhe is not about to start | bizilgenirge deb turmaybızwe are not about to start | sizilgenirge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to start | alailgenirge deb turmaydılathey are not about to start |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menilgenirge kerekmeI need to start | senilgenirge kerekseyou need to start | olilgenirge kerekdihe needs to start | bizilgenirge kerekbizwe need to start | sizilgenirge kereksizyou all need to start | alailgenirge kerekdilethey need to start |
| need to | menilgenirge kerek tülmeI do not need to start | senilgenirge kerek tülseyou do not need to start | olilgenirge kerek tüldühe does not need to start | bizilgenirge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to start | sizilgenirge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to start | alailgenirge kerek tüldülethey do not need to start |
| have to | menmenŋe ilgenirge tüşediI have to start | sensenŋe ilgenirge tüşediyou have to start | olaŋa ilgenirge tüşedihe has to start | bizbizge ilgenirge tüşediwe have to start | sizsizge ilgenirge tüşediyou all have to start | alaalağa ilgenirge tüşedithey have to start |
| have to | menmenŋe ilgenirge tüşmeydiI do not have to start | sensenŋe ilgenirge tüşmeydiyou do not have to start | olaŋa ilgenirge tüşmeydihe does not have to start | bizbizge ilgenirge tüşmeydiwe do not have to start | sizsizge ilgenirge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to start | alaalağa ilgenirge tüşmeydithey do not have to start |
| be obliged to | menilgenirge borçlumaI am obliged to start | senilgenirge borçlusayou are obliged to start | olilgenirge borçluduhe is obliged to start | bizilgenirge borçlubuzwe are obliged to start | sizilgenirge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to start | alailgenirge borçludulathey are obliged to start |
| be obliged to | menilgenirge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to start | senilgenirge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to start | olilgenirge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to start | bizilgenirge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to start | sizilgenirge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to start | alailgenirge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to start |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menilgenirge madarım bardıI have a way to start | senilgenirge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to start | olilgenirge madarı bardıhe has a way to start | bizilgenirge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to start | sizilgenirge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to start | alailgenirge madarları bardıthey have a way to start |
| have a way to | menilgenirge madarım joqduI have no way to start | senilgenirge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to start | olilgenirge madarı joqduhe has no way to start | bizilgenirge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to start | sizilgenirge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to start | alailgenirge madarları joqduthey have no way to start |
| be free to | menilgenirge erkinligim bardıI am free to start | senilgenirge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to start | olilgenirge erkinligi bardıhe is free to start | bizilgenirge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to start | sizilgenirge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to start | alailgenirge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to start |
| be free to | menilgenirge erkinligim joqduI am not free to start | senilgenirge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to start | olilgenirge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to start | bizilgenirge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to start | sizilgenirge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to start | alailgenirge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to start |
| be possible to | menmenŋe ilgenirge bolluqduit is possible for me to start | sensenŋe ilgenirge bolluqduit is possible for you to start | olaŋa ilgenirge bolluqduit is possible for him to start | bizbizge ilgenirge bolluqduit is possible for us to start | sizsizge ilgenirge bolluqduit is possible for you all to start | alaalağa ilgenirge bolluqduit is possible for them to start |
| be possible to | menmenŋe ilgenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to start | sensenŋe ilgenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to start | olaŋa ilgenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to start | bizbizge ilgenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to start | sizsizge ilgenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to start | alaalağa ilgenirge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to start |
| be ready to | menilgenirge hazırmaI am ready to start | senilgenirge hazırsayou are ready to start | olilgenirge hazırdıhe is ready to start | bizilgenirge hazırbızwe are ready to start | sizilgenirge hazırsızyou all are ready to start | alailgenirge hazırdılathey are ready to start |
| be ready to | menilgenirge hazır tülmeI am not ready to start | senilgenirge hazır tülseyou are not ready to start | olilgenirge hazır tüldühe is not ready to start | bizilgenirge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to start | sizilgenirge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to start | alailgenirge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to start |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menilgenirge küreşemeI am trying to start | senilgenirge küreşeseyou are trying to start | olilgenirge küreşedihe is trying to start | bizilgenirge küreşebizwe are trying to start | sizilgenirge küreşesizyou all are trying to start | alailgenirge küreşedilethey are trying to start |
| try to | menilgenirge küreşmeymeI am not trying to start | senilgenirge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to start | olilgenirge küreşmeydihe is not trying to start | bizilgenirge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to start | sizilgenirge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to start | alailgenirge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to start |
| agree to | menilgenirge unaymaI agree to start | senilgenirge unaysayou agree to start | olilgenirge unaydıhe agrees to start | bizilgenirge unaybızwe agree to start | sizilgenirge unaysızyou all agree to start | alailgenirge unaydılathey agree to start |
| agree to | menilgenirge unamaymaI refuse to start | senilgenirge unamaysayou refuse to start | olilgenirge unamaydıhe refuses to start | bizilgenirge unamaybızwe refuse to start | sizilgenirge unamaysızyou all refuse to start | alailgenirge unamaydılathey refuse to start |
| hurry to | menilgenirge aşığamaI am in a hurry to start | senilgenirge aşığasayou are in a hurry to start | olilgenirge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to start | bizilgenirge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to start | sizilgenirge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to start | alailgenirge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to start |
| hurry to | menilgenirge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to start | senilgenirge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to start | olilgenirge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to start | bizilgenirge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to start | sizilgenirge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to start | alailgenirge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to start |
| be afraid to | menilgenirge qorqamaI am afraid to start | senilgenirge qorqasayou are afraid to start | olilgenirge qorqadıhe is afraid to start | bizilgenirge qorqabızwe are afraid to start | sizilgenirge qorqasızyou all are afraid to start | alailgenirge qorqadılathey are afraid to start |
| be afraid to | menilgenirge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to start | senilgenirge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to start | olilgenirge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to start | bizilgenirge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to start | sizilgenirge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to start | alailgenirge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to start |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menilgene bolmazmaI can't be starting | senilgene bolmazsayou can't be starting | olilgene bolmazhe can't be starting | bizilgene bolmazbızwe can't be starting | sizilgene bolmazsızyou all can't be starting | alailgene bolmazlathey can't be starting |
| Inference, present — double negation | menilgenmey bolmazmaI must be starting (emphatic) | senilgenmey bolmazsayou must be starting (emphatic) | olilgenmey bolmazhe must be starting (emphatic) | bizilgenmey bolmazbızwe must be starting (emphatic) | sizilgenmey bolmazsızyou all must be starting (emphatic) | alailgenmey bolmazlathey must be starting (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menilgene turmasamif I don't keep starting | senilgene turmasaŋif you don't keep starting | olilgene turmasaif he doesn't keep starting | bizilgene turmasaqif we don't keep starting | sizilgene turmasağızif you all don't keep starting | alailgene turmasalaif they don't keep starting |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menilgene tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of starting | senilgene tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of starting | olilgene tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of starting | bizilgene tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of starting | sizilgene tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of starting | alailgene tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of starting |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menilgenmey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not starting (emphatic) | senilgenmey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not starting (emphatic) | olilgenmey tura bolmazhe must keep on not starting (emphatic) | bizilgenmey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not starting (emphatic) | sizilgenmey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not starting (emphatic) | alailgenmey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not starting (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menilgenmey turamaI keep on not starting | senilgenmey turasayou keep on not starting | olilgenmey turadıhe keeps on not starting | bizilgenmey turabızwe keep on not starting | sizilgenmey turasızyou all keep on not starting | alailgenmey turadılathey keep on not starting |
| Progressive — double negation | menilgenmey turmaymaI am not keeping on not starting | senilgenmey turmaysayou are not keeping on not starting | olilgenmey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not starting | bizilgenmey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not starting | sizilgenmey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not starting | alailgenmey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not starting |
| Progressive — double negation | menilgenmey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not starting? | senilgenmey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not starting? | olilgenmey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not starting? | bizilgenmey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not starting? | sizilgenmey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not starting? | alailgenmey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not starting? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menilgenŋen bolmazmaI can't have started | senilgenŋen bolmazsayou can't have started | olilgenŋen bolmazhe can't have started | bizilgenŋen bolmazbızwe can't have started | sizilgenŋen bolmazsızyou all can't have started | alailgenŋen bolmazlathey can't have started |
| Inference — double negation | menilgenmegen bolmazmaI must have started (emphatic) | senilgenmegen bolmazsayou must have started (emphatic) | olilgenmegen bolmazhe must have started (emphatic) | bizilgenmegen bolmazbızwe must have started (emphatic) | sizilgenmegen bolmazsızyou all must have started (emphatic) | alailgenmegen bolmazlathey must have started (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menilgenŋen bolmasamif it weren't that I had started | senilgenŋen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had started | olilgenŋen bolmasaif it weren't that he had started | bizilgenŋen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had started | sizilgenŋen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had started | alailgenŋen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had started |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menilgenmegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't started | senilgenmegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't started | olilgenmegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't started | bizilgenmegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't started | sizilgenmegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't started | alailgenmegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't started |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menilgennik bolmazmaI can't be going to start | senilgennik bolmazsayou can't be going to start | olilgennik bolmazhe can't be going to start | bizilgennik bolmazbızwe can't be going to start | sizilgennik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to start | alailgennik bolmazlathey can't be going to start |
| Inference, future — double negation | menilgenmezlik bolmazmaI must be going to start (emphatic) | senilgenmezlik bolmazsayou must be going to start (emphatic) | olilgenmezlik bolmazhe must be going to start (emphatic) | bizilgenmezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to start (emphatic) | sizilgenmezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to start (emphatic) | alailgenmezlik bolmazlathey must be going to start (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menilgennik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to start | senilgennik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to start | olilgennik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to start | bizilgennik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to start | sizilgennik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to start | alailgennik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to start |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menilgenmezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to start | senilgenmezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to start | olilgenmezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to start | bizilgenmezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to start | sizilgenmezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to start | alailgenmezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to start |