grazhdanin
/ɡraʒdanin/ · plural grazhdaninle
1. citizen, a person holding the citizenship of a state
- Rossey Federatsiyanı grazhdanini — a citizen of the Russian Federation
- qıralnı grazhdanini — a citizen of the country
- jaŋı grazhdanin — a new citizen
- men Rosseyni grazhdaninime — I am a citizen of Russia
2. adult man; also used to address a man
- ençi üyü bolğan grazhdanin — a man who has his own house
- oğay, grazhdanin istorik — no, citizen historian
- ol grazhdanin kimdi? — who is that man?
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | grazhdaninthe citizen | grazhdaninimmy citizen | grazhdaniniŋyour citizen | grazhdaninihis citizen | grazhdaninibizour citizen | grazhdaninigizyou all's citizen | grazhdaninleritheir citizens |
| Genitive | grazhdaninnithe citizen's | grazhdaninimimy citizen's | grazhdaniniŋiyour citizen's | grazhdanininihis citizen's | grazhdaninibizniour citizen's | grazhdaninigizniyou all's citizen's | grazhdaninlerinitheir citizens' |
| Accusative | grazhdaninnithe citizen (as the object) | grazhdaninimimy citizen (as the object) | grazhdaniniŋiyour citizen (as the object) | grazhdanininhis citizen (as the object) | grazhdaninibizniour citizen (as the object) | grazhdaninigizniyou all's citizen (as the object) | grazhdaninlerintheir citizens (as the object) |
| Dative | grazhdaninŋeto the citizen | grazhdaninimeto my citizen | grazhdaniniŋeto your citizen | grazhdaninineto his citizen | grazhdaninibizgeto our citizen | grazhdaninigizgeto you all's citizen | grazhdaninlerineto their citizens |
| Locative | grazhdanindein / at the citizen | grazhdaninimdein / at my citizen | grazhdaniniŋdein / at your citizen | grazhdaninindein / at his citizen | grazhdaninibizdein / at our citizen | grazhdaninigizdein / at you all's citizen | grazhdaninlerindein / at their citizens |
| Ablative | grazhdanindenfrom the citizen | grazhdaninimdenfrom my citizen | grazhdaniniŋdenfrom your citizen | grazhdaninindenfrom his citizen | grazhdaninibizdenfrom our citizen | grazhdaninigizdenfrom you all's citizen | grazhdaninlerindenfrom their citizens |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | grazhdaninlethe citizens | grazhdaninlerimmy citizens | grazhdaninleriŋyour citizens | grazhdaninlerihis citizens | grazhdaninleribizour citizens | grazhdaninlerigizyou all's citizens | grazhdaninleritheir citizens |
| Genitive | grazhdaninlenithe citizens' | grazhdaninlerimimy citizens' | grazhdaninleriŋiyour citizens' | grazhdaninlerinihis citizens' | grazhdaninleribizniour citizens' | grazhdaninlerigizniyou all's citizens' | grazhdaninlerinitheir citizens' |
| Accusative | grazhdaninlenithe citizens (as the object) | grazhdaninlerimimy citizens (as the object) | grazhdaninleriŋiyour citizens (as the object) | grazhdaninlerinhis citizens (as the object) | grazhdaninleribizniour citizens (as the object) | grazhdaninlerigizniyou all's citizens (as the object) | grazhdaninlerintheir citizens (as the object) |
| Dative | grazhdaninlegeto the citizens | grazhdaninlerimeto my citizens | grazhdaninleriŋeto your citizens | grazhdaninlerineto his citizens | grazhdaninleribizgeto our citizens | grazhdaninlerigizgeto you all's citizens | grazhdaninlerineto their citizens |
| Locative | grazhdaninledein / at the citizens | grazhdaninlerimdein / at my citizens | grazhdaninleriŋdein / at your citizens | grazhdaninlerindein / at his citizens | grazhdaninleribizdein / at our citizens | grazhdaninlerigizdein / at you all's citizens | grazhdaninlerindein / at their citizens |
| Ablative | grazhdaninledenfrom the citizens | grazhdaninlerimdenfrom my citizens | grazhdaninleriŋdenfrom your citizens | grazhdaninlerindenfrom his citizens | grazhdaninleribizdenfrom our citizens | grazhdaninlerigizdenfrom you all's citizens | grazhdaninlerindenfrom their citizens |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: grazhdaninleri can mean "his / her citizens", "their citizen", or "their citizens" — context decides.
Whose it is
| Case | one thing, one owner | several things, one owner | one thing, several owners | several things, several owners |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | grazhdaninnikithe citizen's one | grazhdaninnikilethe citizen's ones | grazhdaninlenikithe citizens' one | grazhdaninlenikilethe citizens' ones |
| Genitive | grazhdaninnikiniof the citizen's one | grazhdaninnikileniof the citizen's ones | grazhdaninlenikiniof the citizens' one | grazhdaninlenikileniof the citizens' ones |
| Accusative | grazhdaninnikinthe citizen's one (as the object) | grazhdaninnikilenithe citizen's ones (as the object) | grazhdaninlenikinthe citizens' one (as the object) | grazhdaninlenikilenithe citizens' ones (as the object) |
| Dative | grazhdaninnikineto the citizen's one | grazhdaninnikilegeto the citizen's ones | grazhdaninlenikineto the citizens' one | grazhdaninlenikilegeto the citizens' ones |
| Locative | grazhdaninnikindein / at the citizen's one | grazhdaninnikiledein / at the citizen's ones | grazhdaninlenikindein / at the citizens' one | grazhdaninlenikiledein / at the citizens' ones |
| Ablative | grazhdaninnikindenfrom the citizen's one | grazhdaninnikiledenfrom the citizen's ones | grazhdaninlenikindenfrom the citizens' one | grazhdaninlenikiledenfrom the citizens' ones |
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.