grazhdanin
/ɡraʒdanin/
Definition
citizen, a person holding the citizenship of a state
- jangı grazhdanin — a new citizen
- qıralnı grazhdanini — a citizen of the country
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or .Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | grazhdaninthe citizen | grazhdaninlethe citizens | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | grazhdaninnithe citizen's | grazhdaninlenithe citizens' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | grazhdaninnithe citizen (as the object) | grazhdaninlenithe citizens (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | grazhdaningeto the citizen | grazhdaninlegeto the citizens | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | grazhdanindeat / in the citizen | grazhdaninledeat / in the citizens | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | grazhdanindenfrom the citizen | grazhdaninledenfrom the citizens | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | grazhdaninimmy citizen | grazhdaninlerimmy citizens |
| your | grazhdaniningyour citizen | grazhdaninleringyour citizens |
| his / her | grazhdaninihis / her citizen | grazhdaninlerihis / her citizens |
| our | grazhdaninibizour citizen | grazhdaninleribizour citizens |
| you all's | grazhdaninigizyou all's citizen | grazhdaninlerigizyou all's citizens |
| their | grazhdaninleritheir citizen | grazhdaninleritheir citizens |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: grazhdaninleri can mean "his / her citizens", "their citizen", or "their citizens" — context decides.