grammatika
/ɡrammatika/ · plural grammatikala
1. grammar, the study of word forms and sentence structure — Before another noun it means "grammatical", as in grammatika halatla "grammatical errors".
- grammatikanı igi biledi — he knows grammar well
- grammatika joruqla — rules of grammar
- grammatika halatla — grammatical mistakes
- qaraçay-malqar tilni grammatikası — the grammar of the Karachay-Balkar language
- tilni grammatika quruluşu — the grammatical structure of the language
2. grammar book, a book setting out the rules of a language
- bu grammatika jaŋıdı — this grammar is new
- ustaz menŋe grammatikanı berdi — the teacher gave me the grammar
- men jaŋı grammatika alğanma — I have got a new grammar
- grammatikala basmalanŋandıla — grammars have been published
- şkol grammatika — a school grammar
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | grammatikathe grammar | grammatikammy grammar | grammatikaŋyour grammar | grammatikasıhis grammar | grammatikabızour grammar | grammatikağızyou all's grammar | grammatikalarıtheir grammars |
| Genitive | grammatikanıthe grammar's | grammatikamımy grammar's | grammatikaŋıyour grammar's | grammatikasınıhis grammar's | grammatikabıznıour grammar's | grammatikağıznıyou all's grammar's | grammatikalarınıtheir grammars' |
| Accusative | grammatikanıthe grammar (as the object) | grammatikamımy grammar (as the object) | grammatikaŋıyour grammar (as the object) | grammatikasınhis grammar (as the object) | grammatikabıznıour grammar (as the object) | grammatikağıznıyou all's grammar (as the object) | grammatikalarıntheir grammars (as the object) |
| Dative | grammatikağato the grammar | grammatikamato my grammar | grammatikaŋato your grammar | grammatikasınato his grammar | grammatikabızğato our grammar | grammatikağızğato you all's grammar | grammatikalarınato their grammars |
| Locative | grammatikadain / at the grammar | grammatikamdain / at my grammar | grammatikaŋdain / at your grammar | grammatikasındain / at his grammar | grammatikabızdain / at our grammar | grammatikağızdain / at you all's grammar | grammatikalarındain / at their grammars |
| Ablative | grammatikadanfrom the grammar | grammatikamdanfrom my grammar | grammatikaŋdanfrom your grammar | grammatikasındanfrom his grammar | grammatikabızdanfrom our grammar | grammatikağızdanfrom you all's grammar | grammatikalarındanfrom their grammars |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | grammatikalathe grammars | grammatikalarımmy grammars | grammatikalarıŋyour grammars | grammatikalarıhis grammars | grammatikalarıbızour grammars | grammatikalarığızyou all's grammars | grammatikalarıtheir grammars |
| Genitive | grammatikalanıthe grammars' | grammatikalarımımy grammars' | grammatikalarıŋıyour grammars' | grammatikalarınıhis grammars' | grammatikalarıbıznıour grammars' | grammatikalarığıznıyou all's grammars' | grammatikalarınıtheir grammars' |
| Accusative | grammatikalanıthe grammars (as the object) | grammatikalarımımy grammars (as the object) | grammatikalarıŋıyour grammars (as the object) | grammatikalarınhis grammars (as the object) | grammatikalarıbıznıour grammars (as the object) | grammatikalarığıznıyou all's grammars (as the object) | grammatikalarıntheir grammars (as the object) |
| Dative | grammatikalağato the grammars | grammatikalarımato my grammars | grammatikalarıŋato your grammars | grammatikalarınato his grammars | grammatikalarıbızğato our grammars | grammatikalarığızğato you all's grammars | grammatikalarınato their grammars |
| Locative | grammatikaladain / at the grammars | grammatikalarımdain / at my grammars | grammatikalarıŋdain / at your grammars | grammatikalarındain / at his grammars | grammatikalarıbızdain / at our grammars | grammatikalarığızdain / at you all's grammars | grammatikalarındain / at their grammars |
| Ablative | grammatikaladanfrom the grammars | grammatikalarımdanfrom my grammars | grammatikalarıŋdanfrom your grammars | grammatikalarındanfrom his grammars | grammatikalarıbızdanfrom our grammars | grammatikalarığızdanfrom you all's grammars | grammatikalarındanfrom their grammars |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: grammatikaları can mean "his / her grammars", "their grammar", or "their grammars" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.