gagarak
/ɡaɡarak/ · plural gagarakla
cone, pine cone, spruce cone — A Karachay word; Balkar speakers say kişiw.
- narat gagarakla — pine cones
- nızı gagarak — spruce cone
- gagarak jıyarğa — to gather cones
- jaşçıqla gagarakla bla oynaydıla — the little boys play with cones
- narat gagarakla köb tübeydile — pine cones are found in plenty
- terekle gagarak töge başlağandıla — the trees have begun to shed cones
- gagarak tögerge — to shed cones
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | gagarakthe cone | gagaragımmy cone | gagaragıŋyour cone | gagaragıhis cone | gagaragıbızour cone | gagaragığızyou all's cone | gagaraklarıtheir cones |
| Genitive | gagaraknıthe cone's | gagaragımımy cone's | gagaragıŋıyour cone's | gagaragınıhis cone's | gagaragıbıznıour cone's | gagaragığıznıyou all's cone's | gagaraklarınıtheir cones' |
| Accusative | gagaraknıthe cone (as the object) | gagaragımımy cone (as the object) | gagaragıŋıyour cone (as the object) | gagaragınhis cone (as the object) | gagaragıbıznıour cone (as the object) | gagaragığıznıyou all's cone (as the object) | gagaraklarıntheir cones (as the object) |
| Dative | gagarakgato the cone | gagaragımato my cone | gagaragıŋato your cone | gagaragınato his cone | gagaragıbızğato our cone | gagaragığızğato you all's cone | gagaraklarınato their cones |
| Locative | gagarakdain / at the cone | gagaragımdain / at my cone | gagaragıŋdain / at your cone | gagaragındain / at his cone | gagaragıbızdain / at our cone | gagaragığızdain / at you all's cone | gagaraklarındain / at their cones |
| Ablative | gagarakdanfrom the cone | gagaragımdanfrom my cone | gagaragıŋdanfrom your cone | gagaragındanfrom his cone | gagaragıbızdanfrom our cone | gagaragığızdanfrom you all's cone | gagaraklarındanfrom their cones |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | gagaraklathe cones | gagaraklarımmy cones | gagaraklarıŋyour cones | gagaraklarıhis cones | gagaraklarıbızour cones | gagaraklarığızyou all's cones | gagaraklarıtheir cones |
| Genitive | gagaraklanıthe cones' | gagaraklarımımy cones' | gagaraklarıŋıyour cones' | gagaraklarınıhis cones' | gagaraklarıbıznıour cones' | gagaraklarığıznıyou all's cones' | gagaraklarınıtheir cones' |
| Accusative | gagaraklanıthe cones (as the object) | gagaraklarımımy cones (as the object) | gagaraklarıŋıyour cones (as the object) | gagaraklarınhis cones (as the object) | gagaraklarıbıznıour cones (as the object) | gagaraklarığıznıyou all's cones (as the object) | gagaraklarıntheir cones (as the object) |
| Dative | gagaraklağato the cones | gagaraklarımato my cones | gagaraklarıŋato your cones | gagaraklarınato his cones | gagaraklarıbızğato our cones | gagaraklarığızğato you all's cones | gagaraklarınato their cones |
| Locative | gagarakladain / at the cones | gagaraklarımdain / at my cones | gagaraklarıŋdain / at your cones | gagaraklarındain / at his cones | gagaraklarıbızdain / at our cones | gagaraklarığızdain / at you all's cones | gagaraklarındain / at their cones |
| Ablative | gagarakladanfrom the cones | gagaraklarımdanfrom my cones | gagaraklarıŋdanfrom your cones | gagaraklarındanfrom his cones | gagaraklarıbızdanfrom our cones | gagaraklarığızdanfrom you all's cones | gagaraklarındanfrom their cones |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: gagarakları can mean "his / her cones", "their cone", or "their cones" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.