etap
/etap/
Definitions
1. stage, one of the successive periods into which a course of events is divided
- işni jangı etabı — a new stage of the work
- jangı etapha ötdük — we have passed to a new stage
- jolnu ahır etabı — the last stage of the road
2. a halting place on a line of march where troops rest and are fed
- asker etapda soludu — the troops rested at the halting place
- askerle etapha jetdile — the troops reached the halting place
- etapda keçe qaldıla — they spent the night at the halting place
3. a lock-up on the route along which prisoners were marched to their place of exile
- tutmaqla etapda qaldıla — the prisoners stayed at the lock-up
- etapdan etapha aşırdıla — they were moved from one lock-up to the next
- eski etapnı mekyamı — the building of the old lock-up
4. a leg of a race, one measured section of a course
- birinçi etapnı aldı — he won the first leg
- ekinçi etapda alğa çıqdı — he came to the front on the second leg
- jarışnı birinçi etabı — the first leg of the race
Feedback
or .Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | etapthe stage | etaplathe stages | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | etapnıthe stage's | etaplanıthe stages' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | etapnıthe stage (as the object) | etaplanıthe stages (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | etaphato the stage | etaplağato the stages | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | etapdaat / in the stage | etapladaat / in the stages | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | etapdanfrom the stage | etapladanfrom the stages | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | etabımmy stage | etaplarımmy stages |
| your | etabıngyour stage | etaplarıngyour stages |
| his / her | etabıhis / her stage | etaplarıhis / her stages |
| our | etabıbızour stage | etaplarıbızour stages |
| you all's | etabığızyou all's stage | etaplarığızyou all's stages |
| their | etaplarıtheir stage | etaplarıtheir stages |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: etapları can mean "his / her stages", "their stage", or "their stages" — context decides.