doŋquldarğa
/doŋquldarʁa/
1. gurgle, slosh hollowly (of liquid) one source
- çelekde suw doŋquldaydı — the water sloshes in the bucket
- qumğanda suw doŋquldadı — the water gurgled in the jug
2. make a racket, make noise, shout, holler — Tenishev and Suyunchev 1989 marks this meaning as disapproving. one source
- sabiyle tışında doŋquldaydıla — the children are making a racket outside
- ne doŋquldaysa? — what are you hollering about?
- keçege deri doŋquldadıla — they made noise until night
Conjugation
Common forms
- doŋquldaydıhe is gurgling
- doŋquldadıhe gurgled
- doŋquldağandıhe has gurgled
- doŋquldarhe will gurgle
- doŋquldarıqdıhe is going to gurgle
- doŋqulday edihe was gurgling
- doŋquldasaif he gurgles
- doŋqulda!gurgle!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mendoŋquldaymaI am gurgling | sendoŋquldaysayou are gurgling | oldoŋquldaydıhe is gurgling | bizdoŋquldaybızwe are gurgling | sizdoŋquldaysızyou all are gurgling | aladoŋquldaydılathey are gurgling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mendoŋquldamaymaI am not gurgling | sendoŋquldamaysayou are not gurgling | oldoŋquldamaydıhe is not gurgling | bizdoŋquldamaybızwe are not gurgling | sizdoŋquldamaysızyou all are not gurgling | aladoŋquldamaydılathey are not gurgling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mendoŋquldaymamı? doŋquldaymıma?am I gurgling? | sendoŋquldaymısa?are you gurgling? | oldoŋquldaymıdı?is he gurgling? | bizdoŋquldaybızmı? doŋquldaymıbız?are we gurgling? | sizdoŋquldaymısız?are you all gurgling? | aladoŋquldaymıdıla?are they gurgling? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mendoŋquldamaymamı? doŋquldamaymıma?aren't I gurgling? | sendoŋquldamaymısa?aren't you gurgling? | oldoŋquldamaymıdı?isn't he gurgling? | bizdoŋquldamaybızmı? doŋquldamaymıbız?aren't we gurgling? | sizdoŋquldamaymısız?aren't you all gurgling? | aladoŋquldamaymıdıla?aren't they gurgling? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mendoŋquldawçanmaI usually gurgle | sendoŋquldawçansayou usually gurgle | oldoŋquldawçandıhe usually gurgles | bizdoŋquldawçanbızwe usually gurgle | sizdoŋquldawçansızyou all usually gurgle | aladoŋquldawçandılathey usually gurgle |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mendoŋquldamawçanmaI usually don't gurgle | sendoŋquldamawçansayou usually don't gurgle | oldoŋquldamawçandıhe usually doesn't gurgle | bizdoŋquldamawçanbızwe usually don't gurgle | sizdoŋquldamawçansızyou all usually don't gurgle | aladoŋquldamawçandılathey usually don't gurgle |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mendoŋquldawçanmamı? doŋquldawçanmıma?do I usually gurgle? | sendoŋquldawçanmısa?do you usually gurgle? | oldoŋquldawçanmıdı?does he usually gurgle? | bizdoŋquldawçanbızmı? doŋquldawçanmıbız?do we usually gurgle? | sizdoŋquldawçanmısız?do you all usually gurgle? | aladoŋquldawçanmıdıla?do they usually gurgle? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mendoŋquldamawçanmamı? doŋquldamawçanmıma?do I usually not gurgle? | sendoŋquldamawçanmısa?do you usually not gurgle? | oldoŋquldamawçanmıdı?does he usually not gurgle? | bizdoŋquldamawçanbızmı? doŋquldamawçanmıbız?do we usually not gurgle? | sizdoŋquldamawçanmısız?do you all usually not gurgle? | aladoŋquldamawçanmıdıla?do they usually not gurgle? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oldoŋquldabdıhe has gurgled and remains so | aladoŋquldabdılathey have gurgled and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oldoŋquldabmıdı?has he gurgled? | aladoŋquldabmıdıla?have they gurgled? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mendoŋquldab turamaI keep gurgling | sendoŋquldab turasayou keep gurgling | oldoŋquldab turadıhe keeps gurgling | bizdoŋquldab turabızwe keep gurgling | sizdoŋquldab turasızyou all keep gurgling | aladoŋquldab turadılathey keep gurgling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mendoŋquldab turmaymaI don't keep gurgling | sendoŋquldab turmaysayou don't keep gurgling | oldoŋquldab turmaydıhe doesn't keep gurgling | bizdoŋquldab turmaybızwe don't keep gurgling | sizdoŋquldab turmaysızyou all don't keep gurgling | aladoŋquldab turmaydılathey don't keep gurgling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mendoŋquldab turamamı? doŋquldab turamıma?do I keep gurgling? | sendoŋquldab turamısa?do you keep gurgling? | oldoŋquldab turamıdı?does he keep gurgling? | bizdoŋquldab turabızmı? doŋquldab turamıbız?do we keep gurgling? | sizdoŋquldab turamısız?do you all keep gurgling? | aladoŋquldab turamıdıla?do they keep gurgling? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mendoŋquldab turmaymamı? doŋquldab turmaymıma?don't I keep gurgling? | sendoŋquldab turmaymısa?don't you keep gurgling? | oldoŋquldab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep gurgling? | bizdoŋquldab turmaybızmı? doŋquldab turmaymıbız?don't we keep gurgling? | sizdoŋquldab turmaymısız?don't you all keep gurgling? | aladoŋquldab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep gurgling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mendoŋqulday turamaI am in the middle of gurgling | sendoŋqulday turasayou are in the middle of gurgling | oldoŋqulday turadıhe is in the middle of gurgling | bizdoŋqulday turabızwe are in the middle of gurgling | sizdoŋqulday turasızyou all are in the middle of gurgling | aladoŋqulday turadılathey are in the middle of gurgling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mendoŋqulday turmaymaI am not in the middle of gurgling | sendoŋqulday turmaysayou are not in the middle of gurgling | oldoŋqulday turmaydıhe is not in the middle of gurgling | bizdoŋqulday turmaybızwe are not in the middle of gurgling | sizdoŋqulday turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of gurgling | aladoŋqulday turmaydılathey are not in the middle of gurgling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mendoŋqulday turamamı? doŋqulday turamıma?am I in the middle of gurgling? | sendoŋqulday turamısa?are you in the middle of gurgling? | oldoŋqulday turamıdı?is he in the middle of gurgling? | bizdoŋqulday turabızmı? doŋqulday turamıbız?are we in the middle of gurgling? | sizdoŋqulday turamısız?are you all in the middle of gurgling? | aladoŋqulday turamıdıla?are they in the middle of gurgling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mendoŋqulday turmaymamı? doŋqulday turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of gurgling? | sendoŋqulday turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of gurgling? | oldoŋqulday turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of gurgling? | bizdoŋqulday turmaybızmı? doŋqulday turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of gurgling? | sizdoŋqulday turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of gurgling? | aladoŋqulday turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of gurgling? |
| Simple past (definite) | mendoŋquldadımI gurgled | sendoŋquldadıŋyou gurgled | oldoŋquldadıhe gurgled | bizdoŋquldadıqwe gurgled | sizdoŋquldadığızyou all gurgled | aladoŋquldadılathey gurgled |
| Simple past (definite) | mendoŋquldamadımI didn't gurgle | sendoŋquldamadıŋyou didn't gurgle | oldoŋquldamadıhe didn't gurgle | bizdoŋquldamadıqwe didn't gurgle | sizdoŋquldamadığızyou all didn't gurgle | aladoŋquldamadılathey didn't gurgle |
| Simple past (definite) | mendoŋquldadımmı?did I gurgle? | sendoŋquldadıŋmı?did you gurgle? | oldoŋquldadımı?did he gurgle? | bizdoŋquldadıqmı?did we gurgle? | sizdoŋquldadığızmı?did you all gurgle? | aladoŋquldadılamı?did they gurgle? |
| Simple past (definite) | mendoŋquldamadımmı?didn't I gurgle? | sendoŋquldamadıŋmı?didn't you gurgle? | oldoŋquldamadımı?didn't he gurgle? | bizdoŋquldamadıqmı?didn't we gurgle? | sizdoŋquldamadığızmı?didn't you all gurgle? | aladoŋquldamadılamı?didn't they gurgle? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mendoŋquldağanmaI have gurgled | sendoŋquldağansayou have gurgled | oldoŋquldağandıhe has gurgled | bizdoŋquldağanbızwe have gurgled | sizdoŋquldağansızyou all have gurgled | aladoŋquldağandılathey have gurgled |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mendoŋquldamağanmaI haven't gurgled | sendoŋquldamağansayou haven't gurgled | oldoŋquldamağandıhe hasn't gurgled | bizdoŋquldamağanbızwe haven't gurgled | sizdoŋquldamağansızyou all haven't gurgled | aladoŋquldamağandılathey haven't gurgled |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mendoŋquldağanmamı? doŋquldağanmıma?have I gurgled? | sendoŋquldağanmısa?have you gurgled? | oldoŋquldağanmıdı?has he gurgled? | bizdoŋquldağanbızmı? doŋquldağanmıbız?have we gurgled? | sizdoŋquldağanmısız?have you all gurgled? | aladoŋquldağanmıdıla?have they gurgled? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mendoŋquldamağanmamı? doŋquldamağanmıma?haven't I gurgled? | sendoŋquldamağanmısa?haven't you gurgled? | oldoŋquldamağanmıdı?hasn't he gurgled? | bizdoŋquldamağanbızmı? doŋquldamağanmıbız?haven't we gurgled? | sizdoŋquldamağanmısız?haven't you all gurgled? | aladoŋquldamağanmıdıla?haven't they gurgled? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mendoŋquldab turdumI kept gurgling | sendoŋquldab turduŋyou kept gurgling | oldoŋquldab turduhe kept gurgling | bizdoŋquldab turduqwe kept gurgling | sizdoŋquldab turduğuzyou all kept gurgling | aladoŋquldab turdulathey kept gurgling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mendoŋquldab turmadımI didn't keep gurgling | sendoŋquldab turmadıŋyou didn't keep gurgling | oldoŋquldab turmadıhe didn't keep gurgling | bizdoŋquldab turmadıqwe didn't keep gurgling | sizdoŋquldab turmadığızyou all didn't keep gurgling | aladoŋquldab turmadılathey didn't keep gurgling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mendoŋquldarmaI will gurgle | sendoŋquldarsayou will gurgle | oldoŋquldarhe will gurgle | bizdoŋquldarbızwe will gurgle | sizdoŋquldarsızyou all will gurgle | aladoŋquldarlathey will gurgle |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mendoŋquldamazmaI won't gurgle | sendoŋquldamazsayou won't gurgle | oldoŋquldamazhe won't gurgle | bizdoŋquldamazbızwe won't gurgle | sizdoŋquldamazsızyou all won't gurgle | aladoŋquldamazlathey won't gurgle |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mendoŋquldarmamı? doŋquldarmıma?will I gurgle? | sendoŋquldarmısa?will you gurgle? | oldoŋquldarmı?will he gurgle? | bizdoŋquldarbızmı? doŋquldarmıbız?will we gurgle? | sizdoŋquldarmısız?will you all gurgle? | aladoŋquldarlamı? doŋquldarmıla?will they gurgle? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mendoŋquldamazmamı? doŋquldamazmıma?won't I gurgle? | sendoŋquldamazmısa?won't you gurgle? | oldoŋquldamazmı?won't he gurgle? | bizdoŋquldamazbızmı? doŋquldamazmıbız?won't we gurgle? | sizdoŋquldamazmısız?won't you all gurgle? | aladoŋquldamazlamı? doŋquldamazmıla?won't they gurgle? |
| Definite future (future II) | mendoŋquldarıqmaI am going to gurgle | sendoŋquldarıqsayou are going to gurgle | oldoŋquldarıqdıhe is going to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarıqbızwe are going to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarıqsızyou all are going to gurgle | aladoŋquldarıqdılathey are going to gurgle |
| Definite future (future II) | mendoŋquldarıq tülmeI am not going to gurgle | sendoŋquldarıq tülseyou are not going to gurgle | oldoŋquldarıq tüldühe is not going to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarıq tülbüzwe are not going to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to gurgle | aladoŋquldarıq tüldülethey are not going to gurgle |
| Definite future (future II) | mendoŋquldarıqmamı? doŋquldarıqmıma?am I going to gurgle? | sendoŋquldarıqmısa?are you going to gurgle? | oldoŋquldarıqmıdı?is he going to gurgle? | bizdoŋquldarıqbızmı? doŋquldarıqmıbız?are we going to gurgle? | sizdoŋquldarıqmısız?are you all going to gurgle? | aladoŋquldarıqmıdıla?are they going to gurgle? |
| Definite future (future II) | mendoŋquldarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to gurgle? | sendoŋquldarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to gurgle? | oldoŋquldarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to gurgle? | bizdoŋquldarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to gurgle? | sizdoŋquldarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to gurgle? | aladoŋquldarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to gurgle? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mendoŋquldağan edimdoŋquldağanemI had gurgled | sendoŋquldağan ediŋdoŋquldağaneŋyou had gurgled | oldoŋquldağan edidoŋquldağanedhe had gurgled | bizdoŋquldağan edikdoŋquldağanekwe had gurgled | sizdoŋquldağan edigizdoŋquldağanegizyou all had gurgled | aladoŋquldağan ediledoŋquldağanellethey had gurgled |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mendoŋquldamağan edimdoŋquldamağanemI hadn't gurgled | sendoŋquldamağan ediŋdoŋquldamağaneŋyou hadn't gurgled | oldoŋquldamağan edidoŋquldamağanedhe hadn't gurgled | bizdoŋquldamağan edikdoŋquldamağanekwe hadn't gurgled | sizdoŋquldamağan edigizdoŋquldamağanegizyou all hadn't gurgled | aladoŋquldamağan ediledoŋquldamağanellethey hadn't gurgled |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mendoŋqulday edimdoŋquldayemI was gurgling | sendoŋqulday ediŋdoŋquldayeŋyou were gurgling | oldoŋqulday edidoŋquldayedhe was gurgling | bizdoŋqulday edikdoŋquldayekwe were gurgling | sizdoŋqulday edigizdoŋquldayegizyou all were gurgling | aladoŋqulday ediledoŋquldayellethey were gurgling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mendoŋquldamay edimdoŋquldamayemI wasn't gurgling | sendoŋquldamay ediŋdoŋquldamayeŋyou weren't gurgling | oldoŋquldamay edidoŋquldamayedhe wasn't gurgling | bizdoŋquldamay edikdoŋquldamayekwe weren't gurgling | sizdoŋquldamay edigizdoŋquldamayegizyou all weren't gurgling | aladoŋquldamay ediledoŋquldamayellethey weren't gurgling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mendoŋquldawçan edimdoŋquldawçanemI used to gurgle | sendoŋquldawçan ediŋdoŋquldawçaneŋyou used to gurgle | oldoŋquldawçan edidoŋquldawçanedhe used to gurgle | bizdoŋquldawçan edikdoŋquldawçanekwe used to gurgle | sizdoŋquldawçan edigizdoŋquldawçanegizyou all used to gurgle | aladoŋquldawçan ediledoŋquldawçanellethey used to gurgle |
| Habitual past (used to) | mendoŋquldamawçan edimdoŋquldamawçanemI didn't use to gurgle | sendoŋquldamawçan ediŋdoŋquldamawçaneŋyou didn't use to gurgle | oldoŋquldamawçan edidoŋquldamawçanedhe didn't use to gurgle | bizdoŋquldamawçan edikdoŋquldamawçanekwe didn't use to gurgle | sizdoŋquldamawçan edigizdoŋquldamawçanegizyou all didn't use to gurgle | aladoŋquldamawçan ediledoŋquldamawçanellethey didn't use to gurgle |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oldoŋquldab edihe had gurgled and remained so | aladoŋquldab edilethey had gurgled and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oldoŋquldab tül edihe hadn't gurgled | aladoŋquldab tül edilethey hadn't gurgled | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mendoŋquldab tura edimdoŋquldab turaemI had kept gurgling | sendoŋquldab tura ediŋdoŋquldab turaeŋyou had kept gurgling | oldoŋquldab tura edidoŋquldab turaedhe had kept gurgling | bizdoŋquldab tura edikdoŋquldab turaekwe had kept gurgling | sizdoŋquldab tura edigizdoŋquldab turaegizyou all had kept gurgling | aladoŋquldab tura ediledoŋquldab turaellethey had kept gurgling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mendoŋquldab turmay edimdoŋquldab turmayemI hadn't kept gurgling | sendoŋquldab turmay ediŋdoŋquldab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept gurgling | oldoŋquldab turmay edidoŋquldab turmayedhe hadn't kept gurgling | bizdoŋquldab turmay edikdoŋquldab turmayekwe hadn't kept gurgling | sizdoŋquldab turmay edigizdoŋquldab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept gurgling | aladoŋquldab turmay ediledoŋquldab turmayellethey hadn't kept gurgling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mendoŋqulday tura edimdoŋqulday turaemI was in the middle of gurgling | sendoŋqulday tura ediŋdoŋqulday turaeŋyou were in the middle of gurgling | oldoŋqulday tura edidoŋqulday turaedhe was in the middle of gurgling | bizdoŋqulday tura edikdoŋqulday turaekwe were in the middle of gurgling | sizdoŋqulday tura edigizdoŋqulday turaegizyou all were in the middle of gurgling | aladoŋqulday tura ediledoŋqulday turaellethey were in the middle of gurgling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mendoŋqulday turmay edimdoŋqulday turmayemI wasn't in the middle of gurgling | sendoŋqulday turmay ediŋdoŋqulday turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of gurgling | oldoŋqulday turmay edidoŋqulday turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of gurgling | bizdoŋqulday turmay edikdoŋqulday turmayekwe weren't in the middle of gurgling | sizdoŋqulday turmay edigizdoŋqulday turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of gurgling | aladoŋqulday turmay ediledoŋqulday turmayellethey weren't in the middle of gurgling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mendoŋquldar edimdoŋquldar emI would gurgle | sendoŋquldar ediŋdoŋquldar eŋyou would gurgle | oldoŋquldar edidoŋquldar edhe would gurgle | bizdoŋquldar edikdoŋquldar ekwe would gurgle | sizdoŋquldar edigizdoŋquldar egizyou all would gurgle | aladoŋquldar ediledoŋquldar ellethey would gurgle |
| Conditional result (would) | mendoŋquldamaz edimdoŋquldamaz emI wouldn't gurgle | sendoŋquldamaz ediŋdoŋquldamaz eŋyou wouldn't gurgle | oldoŋquldamaz edidoŋquldamaz edhe wouldn't gurgle | bizdoŋquldamaz edikdoŋquldamaz ekwe wouldn't gurgle | sizdoŋquldamaz edigizdoŋquldamaz egizyou all wouldn't gurgle | aladoŋquldamaz ediledoŋquldamaz ellethey wouldn't gurgle |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mendoŋquldarıq edimdoŋquldarıq emI would have gurgled | sendoŋquldarıq ediŋdoŋquldarıq eŋyou would have gurgled | oldoŋquldarıq edidoŋquldarıq edhe would have gurgled | bizdoŋquldarıq edikdoŋquldarıq ekwe would have gurgled | sizdoŋquldarıq edigizdoŋquldarıq egizyou all would have gurgled | aladoŋquldarıq ediledoŋquldarıq ellethey would have gurgled |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mendoŋquldarıq tül edimdoŋquldarıq tül emI wouldn't have gurgled | sendoŋquldarıq tül ediŋdoŋquldarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have gurgled | oldoŋquldarıq tül edidoŋquldarıq tül edhe wouldn't have gurgled | bizdoŋquldarıq tül edikdoŋquldarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have gurgled | sizdoŋquldarıq tül edigizdoŋquldarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have gurgled | aladoŋquldarıq tül ediledoŋquldarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have gurgled |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mendoŋquldasamif I gurgle | sendoŋquldasaŋif you gurgle | oldoŋquldasaif he gurgles | bizdoŋquldasaqif we gurgle | sizdoŋquldasağızif you all gurgle | aladoŋquldasalaif they gurgle |
| Conditional | mendoŋquldamasamif I don't gurgle | sendoŋquldamasaŋif you don't gurgle | oldoŋquldamasaif he doesn't gurgle | bizdoŋquldamasaqif we don't gurgle | sizdoŋquldamasağızif you all don't gurgle | aladoŋquldamasalaif they don't gurgle |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mendoŋqulday esemif I am gurgling | sendoŋqulday eseŋif you are gurgling | oldoŋqulday eseif he is gurgling | bizdoŋqulday esekif we are gurgling | sizdoŋqulday esegizif you all are gurgling | aladoŋqulday eseleif they are gurgling |
| Conditional, present real | mendoŋquldamay esemif I am not gurgling | sendoŋquldamay eseŋif you are not gurgling | oldoŋquldamay eseif he is not gurgling | bizdoŋquldamay esekif we are not gurgling | sizdoŋquldamay esegizif you all are not gurgling | aladoŋquldamay eseleif they are not gurgling |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mendoŋquldasam edidoŋquldasam edif only I gurgled | sendoŋquldasaŋ edidoŋquldasaŋ edif only you gurgled | oldoŋquldasa edidoŋquldasaedif only he gurgled | bizdoŋquldasaq edidoŋquldasaq edif only we gurgled | sizdoŋquldasağız edidoŋquldasağız edif only you all gurgled | aladoŋquldasala edidoŋquldasalaedif only they gurgled |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mendoŋquldamasam edidoŋquldamasam edif only I didn't gurgle | sendoŋquldamasaŋ edidoŋquldamasaŋ edif only you didn't gurgle | oldoŋquldamasa edidoŋquldamasaedif only he didn't gurgle | bizdoŋquldamasaq edidoŋquldamasaq edif only we didn't gurgle | sizdoŋquldamasağız edidoŋquldamasağız edif only you all didn't gurgle | aladoŋquldamasala edidoŋquldamasalaedif only they didn't gurgle |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mendoŋquldab tursamif I carry on gurgling | sendoŋquldab tursaŋif you carry on gurgling | oldoŋquldab tursaif he carries on gurgling | bizdoŋquldab tursaqif we carry on gurgling | sizdoŋquldab tursağızif you all carry on gurgling | aladoŋquldab tursalaif they carry on gurgling |
| Durative conditional | mendoŋquldab turmasamif I don't carry on gurgling | sendoŋquldab turmasaŋif you don't carry on gurgling | oldoŋquldab turmasaif he doesn't carry on gurgling | bizdoŋquldab turmasaqif we don't carry on gurgling | sizdoŋquldab turmasağızif you all don't carry on gurgling | aladoŋquldab turmasalaif they don't carry on gurgling |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mendoŋquldab tura esemif I have kept gurgling | sendoŋquldab tura eseŋif you have kept gurgling | oldoŋquldab tura eseif he has kept gurgling | bizdoŋquldab tura esekif we have kept gurgling | sizdoŋquldab tura esegizif you all have kept gurgling | aladoŋquldab tura eseleif they have kept gurgling |
| Durative conditional, present real | mendoŋquldab turmay esemif I haven't kept gurgling | sendoŋquldab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept gurgling | oldoŋquldab turmay eseif he hasn't kept gurgling | bizdoŋquldab turmay esekif we haven't kept gurgling | sizdoŋquldab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept gurgling | aladoŋquldab turmay eseleif they haven't kept gurgling |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mendoŋqulday tursamif I keep gurgling | sendoŋqulday tursaŋif you keep gurgling | oldoŋqulday tursaif he keeps gurgling | bizdoŋqulday tursaqif we keep gurgling | sizdoŋqulday tursağızif you all keep gurgling | aladoŋqulday tursalaif they keep gurgling |
| Progressive conditional | mendoŋquldamay tursamif I keep on not gurgling | sendoŋquldamay tursaŋif you keep on not gurgling | oldoŋquldamay tursaif he keeps on not gurgling | bizdoŋquldamay tursaqif we keep on not gurgling | sizdoŋquldamay tursağızif you all keep on not gurgling | aladoŋquldamay tursalaif they keep on not gurgling |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mendoŋqulday tura esemif I am in the middle of gurgling | sendoŋqulday tura eseŋif you are in the middle of gurgling | oldoŋqulday tura eseif he is in the middle of gurgling | bizdoŋqulday tura esekif we are in the middle of gurgling | sizdoŋqulday tura esegizif you all are in the middle of gurgling | aladoŋqulday tura eseleif they are in the middle of gurgling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mendoŋquldamay tura esemif I keep on not gurgling | sendoŋquldamay tura eseŋif you keep on not gurgling | oldoŋquldamay tura eseif he keeps on not gurgling | bizdoŋquldamay tura esekif we keep on not gurgling | sizdoŋquldamay tura esegizif you all keep on not gurgling | aladoŋquldamay tura eseleif they keep on not gurgling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mendoŋquldadım esemif I gurgled | sendoŋquldadıŋ eseŋif you gurgled | oldoŋquldadı eseif he gurgled | bizdoŋquldadıq esekif we gurgled | sizdoŋquldadığız esegizif you all gurgled | aladoŋquldadıla eseleif they gurgled |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mendoŋquldamadım esemif I didn't gurgle | sendoŋquldamadıŋ eseŋif you didn't gurgle | oldoŋquldamadı eseif he didn't gurgle | bizdoŋquldamadıq esekif we didn't gurgle | sizdoŋquldamadığız esegizif you all didn't gurgle | aladoŋquldamadıla eseleif they didn't gurgle |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mendoŋquldağan esemif I did gurgle (indeed) | sendoŋquldağan eseŋif you did gurgle (indeed) | oldoŋquldağan eseif he did gurgle (indeed) | bizdoŋquldağan esekif we did gurgle (indeed) | sizdoŋquldağan esegizif you all did gurgle (indeed) | aladoŋquldağan eseleif they did gurgle (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mendoŋquldamağan esemif I didn't gurgle (indeed) | sendoŋquldamağan eseŋif you didn't gurgle (indeed) | oldoŋquldamağan eseif he didn't gurgle (indeed) | bizdoŋquldamağan esekif we didn't gurgle (indeed) | sizdoŋquldamağan esegizif you all didn't gurgle (indeed) | aladoŋquldamağan eseleif they didn't gurgle (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mendoŋquldağan bolsamif I had gurgled | sendoŋquldağan bolsaŋif you had gurgled | oldoŋquldağan bolsaif he had gurgled | bizdoŋquldağan bolsaqif we had gurgled | sizdoŋquldağan bolsağızif you all had gurgled | aladoŋquldağan bolsalaif they had gurgled |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mendoŋquldamağan bolsamif I hadn't gurgled | sendoŋquldamağan bolsaŋif you hadn't gurgled | oldoŋquldamağan bolsaif he hadn't gurgled | bizdoŋquldamağan bolsaqif we hadn't gurgled | sizdoŋquldamağan bolsağızif you all hadn't gurgled | aladoŋquldamağan bolsalaif they hadn't gurgled |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mendoŋquldağan bolsam edidoŋquldağan bolsam edif only I had gurgled | sendoŋquldağan bolsaŋ edidoŋquldağan bolsaŋ edif only you had gurgled | oldoŋquldağan bolsa edidoŋquldağan bolsaedif only he had gurgled | bizdoŋquldağan bolsaq edidoŋquldağan bolsaq edif only we had gurgled | sizdoŋquldağan bolsağız edidoŋquldağan bolsağız edif only you all had gurgled | aladoŋquldağan bolsala edidoŋquldağan bolsalaedif only they had gurgled |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mendoŋquldamağan bolsam edidoŋquldamağan bolsam edif only I hadn't gurgled | sendoŋquldamağan bolsaŋ edidoŋquldamağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't gurgled | oldoŋquldamağan bolsa edidoŋquldamağan bolsaedif only he hadn't gurgled | bizdoŋquldamağan bolsaq edidoŋquldamağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't gurgled | sizdoŋquldamağan bolsağız edidoŋquldamağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't gurgled | aladoŋquldamağan bolsala edidoŋquldamağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't gurgled |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mendoŋquldar esemif I will gurgle | sendoŋquldar eseŋif you will gurgle | oldoŋquldar eseif he will gurgle | bizdoŋquldar esekif we will gurgle | sizdoŋquldar esegizif you all will gurgle | aladoŋquldar eseleif they will gurgle |
| Conditional, aorist | mendoŋquldamaz esemif I won't gurgle | sendoŋquldamaz eseŋif you won't gurgle | oldoŋquldamaz eseif he won't gurgle | bizdoŋquldamaz esekif we won't gurgle | sizdoŋquldamaz esegizif you all won't gurgle | aladoŋquldamaz eseleif they won't gurgle |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mendoŋquldarıq esemif I am going to gurgle | sendoŋquldarıq eseŋif you are going to gurgle | oldoŋquldarıq eseif he is going to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarıq esekif we are going to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarıq esegizif you all are going to gurgle | aladoŋquldarıq eseleif they are going to gurgle |
| Conditional, future | mendoŋquldarıq tül esemif I am not going to gurgle | sendoŋquldarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to gurgle | oldoŋquldarıq tül eseif he is not going to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarıq tül esekif we are not going to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to gurgle | aladoŋquldarıq tül eseleif they are not going to gurgle |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mendoŋquldarıq bolsamif I were going to gurgle | sendoŋquldarıq bolsaŋif you were going to gurgle | oldoŋquldarıq bolsaif he were going to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarıq bolsaqif we were going to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarıq bolsağızif you all were going to gurgle | aladoŋquldarıq bolsalaif they were going to gurgle |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mendoŋquldamazlıq bolsamif I were not going to gurgle | sendoŋquldamazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to gurgle | oldoŋquldamazlıq bolsaif he were not going to gurgle | bizdoŋquldamazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to gurgle | sizdoŋquldamazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to gurgle | aladoŋquldamazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to gurgle |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso doŋquldadıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mendoŋqulday bolurmaI must be gurgling | sendoŋqulday bolursayou must be gurgling | oldoŋqulday bolurhe must be gurgling | bizdoŋqulday bolurbuzwe must be gurgling | sizdoŋqulday bolursuzyou all must be gurgling | aladoŋqulday bolurlathey must be gurgling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mendoŋquldamay bolurmaI must not be gurgling | sendoŋquldamay bolursayou must not be gurgling | oldoŋquldamay bolurhe must not be gurgling | bizdoŋquldamay bolurbuzwe must not be gurgling | sizdoŋquldamay bolursuzyou all must not be gurgling | aladoŋquldamay bolurlathey must not be gurgling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mendoŋqulday tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of gurgling | sendoŋqulday tura bolursayou must be in the middle of gurgling | oldoŋqulday tura bolurhe must be in the middle of gurgling | bizdoŋqulday tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of gurgling | sizdoŋqulday tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of gurgling | aladoŋqulday tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of gurgling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mendoŋquldamay tura bolurmaI must keep on not gurgling | sendoŋquldamay tura bolursayou must keep on not gurgling | oldoŋquldamay tura bolurhe must keep on not gurgling | bizdoŋquldamay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not gurgling | sizdoŋquldamay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not gurgling | aladoŋquldamay tura bolurlathey must keep on not gurgling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mendoŋquldağan bolurmaI must have gurgled | sendoŋquldağan bolursayou must have gurgled | oldoŋquldağan bolurhe must have gurgled | bizdoŋquldağan bolurbuzwe must have gurgled | sizdoŋquldağan bolursuzyou all must have gurgled | aladoŋquldağan bolurlathey must have gurgled |
| Inference (must have) | mendoŋquldamağan bolurmaI must not have gurgled | sendoŋquldamağan bolursayou must not have gurgled | oldoŋquldamağan bolurhe must not have gurgled | bizdoŋquldamağan bolurbuzwe must not have gurgled | sizdoŋquldamağan bolursuzyou all must not have gurgled | aladoŋquldamağan bolurlathey must not have gurgled |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mendoŋquldarıq bolurmaI must be going to gurgle | sendoŋquldarıq bolursayou must be going to gurgle | oldoŋquldarıq bolurhe must be going to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to gurgle | aladoŋquldarıq bolurlathey must be going to gurgle |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mendoŋquldamazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to gurgle | sendoŋquldamazlıq bolursayou must not be going to gurgle | oldoŋquldamazlıq bolurhe must not be going to gurgle | bizdoŋquldamazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to gurgle | sizdoŋquldamazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to gurgle | aladoŋquldamazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to gurgle |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mendoŋquldayımlet me gurgle | sendoŋqulda!gurgle! | oldoŋquldasınlet him gurgle | bizdoŋquldayıqlet's gurgle | sizdoŋquldağız!gurgle, you all! | aladoŋquldasınlalet them gurgle |
| Commands & suggestions | mendoŋquldamayımlet me not gurgle | sendoŋquldama!don't gurgle! | oldoŋquldamasınlet him not gurgle | bizdoŋquldamayıqlet's not gurgle | sizdoŋquldamağız!don't gurgle, you all! | aladoŋquldamasınlalet them not gurgle |
| Commands & suggestions | mendoŋquldayımmı?shall I gurgle? | oldoŋquldasınmı?should he gurgle? | bizdoŋquldayıqmı?shall we gurgle? | aladoŋquldasınlamı?should they gurgle? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mendoŋquldamayımmı?shall I not gurgle? | oldoŋquldamasınmı?should he not gurgle? | bizdoŋquldamayıqmı?shall we not gurgle? | aladoŋquldamasınlamı?should they not gurgle? | ||
| Requests | sendoŋquldaçı2doŋquldaçınplease gurgle | oldoŋquldasınçıdo let him gurgle | sizdoŋquldaçığızplease gurgle (plural/polite) | aladoŋquldasınlaçıdo let them gurgle | ||
| Requests | sendoŋquldamaçı2doŋquldamaçınplease don't gurgle | oldoŋquldamasınçıdo let him not gurgle | sizdoŋquldamaçığızplease don't gurgle (plural/polite) | aladoŋquldamasınlaçıdo let them not gurgle | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sendoŋquldağındoŋquldağımay you gurgle | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sendoŋquldamağındoŋquldamağımay you not gurgle | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mendoŋquldağay edim doŋquldağa edimwould that I gurgled | sendoŋquldağay ediŋ doŋquldağa ediŋwould that you gurgled | oldoŋquldağay edi doŋquldağa ediwould that he gurgled | bizdoŋquldağay edik doŋquldağa edikwould that we gurgled | sizdoŋquldağay edigiz doŋquldağa edigizwould that you all gurgled | aladoŋquldağay edile doŋquldağa edilewould that they gurgled |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mendoŋquldamağay edim doŋquldamağa edimwould that I did not gurgle | sendoŋquldamağay ediŋ doŋquldamağa ediŋwould that you did not gurgle | oldoŋquldamağay edi doŋquldamağa ediwould that he did not gurgle | bizdoŋquldamağay edik doŋquldamağa edikwould that we did not gurgle | sizdoŋquldamağay edigiz doŋquldamağa edigizwould that you all did not gurgle | aladoŋquldamağay edile doŋquldamağa edilewould that they did not gurgle |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mendoŋquldamağa qoyayımdoŋquldama qoyayımlet me allow someone to gurgle | sendoŋquldamağa qoy!doŋquldama qoy!let someone gurgle! | oldoŋquldamağa qoysundoŋquldama qoysunlet him allow someone to gurgle | bizdoŋquldamağa qoyayıqdoŋquldama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to gurgle | sizdoŋquldamağa qoyuğuz!doŋquldama qoyuğuz!let someone gurgle, you all! | aladoŋquldamağa qoysunladoŋquldama qoysunlalet them allow someone to gurgle |
| Let someone… (commands) | mendoŋquldamağa qoymayımdoŋquldama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to gurgle | sendoŋquldamağa qoyma!doŋquldama qoyma!don't let someone gurgle! | oldoŋquldamağa qoymasındoŋquldama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to gurgle | bizdoŋquldamağa qoymayıqdoŋquldama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to gurgle | sizdoŋquldamağa qoymağız!doŋquldama qoymağız!don't let someone gurgle, you all! | aladoŋquldamağa qoymasınladoŋquldama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to gurgle |
| Let someone… (commands) | mendoŋquldamağa qoyayımmı?doŋquldama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to gurgle? | oldoŋquldamağa qoysunmu?doŋquldama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to gurgle? | bizdoŋquldamağa qoyayıqmı?doŋquldama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to gurgle? | aladoŋquldamağa qoysunlamı?doŋquldama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to gurgle? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mendoŋquldamağa qoymayımmı?doŋquldama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to gurgle? | oldoŋquldamağa qoymasınmı?doŋquldama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to gurgle? | bizdoŋquldamağa qoymayıqmı?doŋquldama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to gurgle? | aladoŋquldamağa qoymasınlamı?doŋquldama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to gurgle? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mendoŋquldamağa qoyamadoŋquldama qoyamaI allow someone to gurgle | sendoŋquldamağa qoyasadoŋquldama qoyasayou allow someone to gurgle | oldoŋquldamağa qoyadıdoŋquldama qoyadıhe allows someone to gurgle | bizdoŋquldamağa qoyabızdoŋquldama qoyabızwe allow someone to gurgle | sizdoŋquldamağa qoyasızdoŋquldama qoyasızyou all allow someone to gurgle | aladoŋquldamağa qoyadıladoŋquldama qoyadılathey allow someone to gurgle |
| Let someone… (present) | mendoŋquldamağa qoymaymadoŋquldama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to gurgle | sendoŋquldamağa qoymaysadoŋquldama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to gurgle | oldoŋquldamağa qoymaydıdoŋquldama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to gurgle | bizdoŋquldamağa qoymaybızdoŋquldama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to gurgle | sizdoŋquldamağa qoymaysızdoŋquldama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to gurgle | aladoŋquldamağa qoymaydıladoŋquldama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to gurgle |
| Let someone… (present) | mendoŋquldamağa qoyamamı?doŋquldama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to gurgle? | sendoŋquldamağa qoyamısa?doŋquldama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to gurgle? | oldoŋquldamağa qoyamıdı?doŋquldama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to gurgle? | bizdoŋquldamağa qoyabızmı?doŋquldama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to gurgle? | sizdoŋquldamağa qoyamısız?doŋquldama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to gurgle? | aladoŋquldamağa qoyamıdıla?doŋquldama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to gurgle? |
| Let someone… (present) | mendoŋquldamağa qoymaymamı?doŋquldama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to gurgle? | sendoŋquldamağa qoymaymısa?doŋquldama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to gurgle? | oldoŋquldamağa qoymaymıdı?doŋquldama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to gurgle? | bizdoŋquldamağa qoymaybızmı?doŋquldama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to gurgle? | sizdoŋquldamağa qoymaymısız?doŋquldama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to gurgle? | aladoŋquldamağa qoymaymıdıla?doŋquldama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to gurgle? |
| Let someone… (past) | mendoŋquldamağa qoydumdoŋquldama qoydumI allowed someone to gurgle | sendoŋquldamağa qoyduŋdoŋquldama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to gurgle | oldoŋquldamağa qoydudoŋquldama qoyduhe allowed someone to gurgle | bizdoŋquldamağa qoyduqdoŋquldama qoyduqwe allowed someone to gurgle | sizdoŋquldamağa qoyduğuzdoŋquldama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to gurgle | aladoŋquldamağa qoyduladoŋquldama qoydulathey allowed someone to gurgle |
| Let someone… (past) | mendoŋquldamağa qoymadımdoŋquldama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to gurgle | sendoŋquldamağa qoymadıŋdoŋquldama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to gurgle | oldoŋquldamağa qoymadıdoŋquldama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to gurgle | bizdoŋquldamağa qoymadıqdoŋquldama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to gurgle | sizdoŋquldamağa qoymadığızdoŋquldama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to gurgle | aladoŋquldamağa qoymadıladoŋquldama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to gurgle |
| Let someone… (past) | mendoŋquldamağa qoydummu?doŋquldama qoydummu?did I allow someone to gurgle? | sendoŋquldamağa qoyduŋmu?doŋquldama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to gurgle? | oldoŋquldamağa qoydumu?doŋquldama qoydumu?did he allow someone to gurgle? | bizdoŋquldamağa qoyduqmu?doŋquldama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to gurgle? | sizdoŋquldamağa qoyduğuzmu?doŋquldama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to gurgle? | aladoŋquldamağa qoydulamı?doŋquldama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to gurgle? |
| Let someone… (past) | mendoŋquldamağa qoymadımmı?doŋquldama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to gurgle? | sendoŋquldamağa qoymadıŋmı?doŋquldama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to gurgle? | oldoŋquldamağa qoymadımı?doŋquldama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to gurgle? | bizdoŋquldamağa qoymadıqmı?doŋquldama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to gurgle? | sizdoŋquldamağa qoymadığızmı?doŋquldama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to gurgle? | aladoŋquldamağa qoymadılamı?doŋquldama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to gurgle? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
doŋquldayalırğa be able to gurgle · doŋquldayalmazğa be unable to gurgle
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mendoŋquldayalamaI can gurgle | sendoŋquldayalasayou can gurgle | oldoŋquldayaladıhe can gurgle | bizdoŋquldayalabızwe can gurgle | sizdoŋquldayalasızyou all can gurgle | aladoŋquldayaladılathey can gurgle |
| Ability — present | mendoŋquldayalmaymaI can't gurgle | sendoŋquldayalmaysayou can't gurgle | oldoŋquldayalmaydıhe can't gurgle | bizdoŋquldayalmaybızwe can't gurgle | sizdoŋquldayalmaysızyou all can't gurgle | aladoŋquldayalmaydılathey can't gurgle |
| Ability — present | mendoŋquldayalamamı? doŋquldayalamıma?can I gurgle? | sendoŋquldayalamısa?can you gurgle? | oldoŋquldayalamıdı?can he gurgle? | bizdoŋquldayalabızmı? doŋquldayalamıbız?can we gurgle? | sizdoŋquldayalamısız?can you all gurgle? | aladoŋquldayalamıdıla?can they gurgle? |
| Ability — present | mendoŋquldayalmaymamı? doŋquldayalmaymıma?can't I gurgle? | sendoŋquldayalmaymısa?can't you gurgle? | oldoŋquldayalmaymıdı?can't he gurgle? | bizdoŋquldayalmaybızmı? doŋquldayalmaymıbız?can't we gurgle? | sizdoŋquldayalmaymısız?can't you all gurgle? | aladoŋquldayalmaymıdıla?can't they gurgle? |
| Ability — if I can… | mendoŋquldayalsamif I can gurgle | sendoŋquldayalsaŋif you can gurgle | oldoŋquldayalsaif he can gurgle | bizdoŋquldayalsaqif we can gurgle | sizdoŋquldayalsağızif you all can gurgle | aladoŋquldayalsalaif they can gurgle |
| Ability — if I can… | mendoŋquldayalmasamif I can't gurgle | sendoŋquldayalmasaŋif you can't gurgle | oldoŋquldayalmasaif he can't gurgle | bizdoŋquldayalmasaqif we can't gurgle | sizdoŋquldayalmasağızif you all can't gurgle | aladoŋquldayalmasalaif they can't gurgle |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mendoŋquldayaldımI was able to gurgle | sendoŋquldayaldıŋyou were able to gurgle | oldoŋquldayaldıhe was able to gurgle | bizdoŋquldayaldıqwe were able to gurgle | sizdoŋquldayaldığızyou all were able to gurgle | aladoŋquldayaldılathey were able to gurgle |
| Ability — simple past | mendoŋquldayalmadımI could not gurgle | sendoŋquldayalmadıŋyou could not gurgle | oldoŋquldayalmadıhe could not gurgle | bizdoŋquldayalmadıqwe could not gurgle | sizdoŋquldayalmadığızyou all could not gurgle | aladoŋquldayalmadılathey could not gurgle |
| Ability — simple past | mendoŋquldayaldımmı?was I able to gurgle? | sendoŋquldayaldıŋmı?were you able to gurgle? | oldoŋquldayaldımı?was he able to gurgle? | bizdoŋquldayaldıqmı?were we able to gurgle? | sizdoŋquldayaldığızmı?were you all able to gurgle? | aladoŋquldayaldılamı?were they able to gurgle? |
| Ability — simple past | mendoŋquldayalmadımmı?couldn't I gurgle? | sendoŋquldayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you gurgle? | oldoŋquldayalmadımı?couldn't he gurgle? | bizdoŋquldayalmadıqmı?couldn't we gurgle? | sizdoŋquldayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all gurgle? | aladoŋquldayalmadılamı?couldn't they gurgle? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mendoŋquldayalğanmaI have been able to gurgle | sendoŋquldayalğansayou have been able to gurgle | oldoŋquldayalğandıhe has been able to gurgle | bizdoŋquldayalğanbızwe have been able to gurgle | sizdoŋquldayalğansızyou all have been able to gurgle | aladoŋquldayalğandılathey have been able to gurgle |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mendoŋquldayalmağanmaI haven't been able to gurgle | sendoŋquldayalmağansayou haven't been able to gurgle | oldoŋquldayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to gurgle | bizdoŋquldayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to gurgle | sizdoŋquldayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to gurgle | aladoŋquldayalmağandılathey haven't been able to gurgle |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mendoŋquldayalğanmamı? doŋquldayalğanmıma?have I been able to gurgle? | sendoŋquldayalğanmısa?have you been able to gurgle? | oldoŋquldayalğanmıdı?has he been able to gurgle? | bizdoŋquldayalğanbızmı? doŋquldayalğanmıbız?have we been able to gurgle? | sizdoŋquldayalğanmısız?have you all been able to gurgle? | aladoŋquldayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to gurgle? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mendoŋquldayalmağanmamı? doŋquldayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to gurgle? | sendoŋquldayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to gurgle? | oldoŋquldayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to gurgle? | bizdoŋquldayalmağanbızmı? doŋquldayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to gurgle? | sizdoŋquldayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to gurgle? | aladoŋquldayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to gurgle? |
| Ability — past perfect | mendoŋquldayalğan edimdoŋquldayalğanemI had been able to gurgle | sendoŋquldayalğan ediŋdoŋquldayalğaneŋyou had been able to gurgle | oldoŋquldayalğan edidoŋquldayalğanedhe had been able to gurgle | bizdoŋquldayalğan edikdoŋquldayalğanekwe had been able to gurgle | sizdoŋquldayalğan edigizdoŋquldayalğanegizyou all had been able to gurgle | aladoŋquldayalğan ediledoŋquldayalğanellethey had been able to gurgle |
| Ability — past perfect | mendoŋquldayalmağan edimdoŋquldayalmağanemI hadn't been able to gurgle | sendoŋquldayalmağan ediŋdoŋquldayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to gurgle | oldoŋquldayalmağan edidoŋquldayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to gurgle | bizdoŋquldayalmağan edikdoŋquldayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to gurgle | sizdoŋquldayalmağan edigizdoŋquldayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to gurgle | aladoŋquldayalmağan ediledoŋquldayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to gurgle |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mendoŋquldayala edimdoŋquldayalaemI could gurgle | sendoŋquldayala ediŋdoŋquldayalaeŋyou could gurgle | oldoŋquldayala edidoŋquldayalaedhe could gurgle | bizdoŋquldayala edikdoŋquldayalaekwe could gurgle | sizdoŋquldayala edigizdoŋquldayalaegizyou all could gurgle | aladoŋquldayala ediledoŋquldayalaellethey could gurgle |
| Ability — past background | mendoŋquldayalmay edimdoŋquldayalmayemI could not gurgle | sendoŋquldayalmay ediŋdoŋquldayalmayeŋyou could not gurgle | oldoŋquldayalmay edidoŋquldayalmayedhe could not gurgle | bizdoŋquldayalmay edikdoŋquldayalmayekwe could not gurgle | sizdoŋquldayalmay edigizdoŋquldayalmayegizyou all could not gurgle | aladoŋquldayalmay ediledoŋquldayalmayellethey could not gurgle |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mendoŋquldayalırmaI will be able to gurgle | sendoŋquldayalırsayou will be able to gurgle | oldoŋquldayalırhe will be able to gurgle | bizdoŋquldayalırbızwe will be able to gurgle | sizdoŋquldayalırsızyou all will be able to gurgle | aladoŋquldayalırlathey will be able to gurgle |
| Ability — future I | mendoŋquldayalmazmaI won't be able to gurgle | sendoŋquldayalmazsayou won't be able to gurgle | oldoŋquldayalmazhe won't be able to gurgle | bizdoŋquldayalmazbızwe won't be able to gurgle | sizdoŋquldayalmazsızyou all won't be able to gurgle | aladoŋquldayalmazlathey won't be able to gurgle |
| Ability — future I | mendoŋquldayalırmamı? doŋquldayalırmıma?will I be able to gurgle? | sendoŋquldayalırmısa?will you be able to gurgle? | oldoŋquldayalırmı?will he be able to gurgle? | bizdoŋquldayalırbızmı? doŋquldayalırmıbız?will we be able to gurgle? | sizdoŋquldayalırmısız?will you all be able to gurgle? | aladoŋquldayalırlamı? doŋquldayalırmıla?will they be able to gurgle? |
| Ability — future I | mendoŋquldayalmazmamı? doŋquldayalmazmıma?won't I be able to gurgle? | sendoŋquldayalmazmısa?won't you be able to gurgle? | oldoŋquldayalmazmı?won't he be able to gurgle? | bizdoŋquldayalmazbızmı? doŋquldayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to gurgle? | sizdoŋquldayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to gurgle? | aladoŋquldayalmazlamı? doŋquldayalmazmıla?won't they be able to gurgle? |
| Ability — future II | mendoŋquldayallıqmaI am going to be able to gurgle | sendoŋquldayallıqsayou are going to be able to gurgle | oldoŋquldayallıqdıhe is going to be able to gurgle | bizdoŋquldayallıqbızwe are going to be able to gurgle | sizdoŋquldayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to gurgle | aladoŋquldayallıqdılathey are going to be able to gurgle |
| Ability — future II | mendoŋquldayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to gurgle | sendoŋquldayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to gurgle | oldoŋquldayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to gurgle | bizdoŋquldayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to gurgle | sizdoŋquldayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to gurgle | aladoŋquldayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to gurgle |
| Ability — future II | mendoŋquldayallıqmamı? doŋquldayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to gurgle? | sendoŋquldayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to gurgle? | oldoŋquldayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to gurgle? | bizdoŋquldayallıqbızmı? doŋquldayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to gurgle? | sizdoŋquldayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to gurgle? | aladoŋquldayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to gurgle? |
| Ability — future II | mendoŋquldayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to gurgle? | sendoŋquldayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to gurgle? | oldoŋquldayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to gurgle? | bizdoŋquldayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to gurgle? | sizdoŋquldayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to gurgle? | aladoŋquldayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to gurgle? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mendoŋquldayalır edimdoŋquldayalır emI would be able to gurgle | sendoŋquldayalır ediŋdoŋquldayalır eŋyou would be able to gurgle | oldoŋquldayalır edidoŋquldayalır edhe would be able to gurgle | bizdoŋquldayalır edikdoŋquldayalır ekwe would be able to gurgle | sizdoŋquldayalır edigizdoŋquldayalır egizyou all would be able to gurgle | aladoŋquldayalır ediledoŋquldayalır ellethey would be able to gurgle |
| Ability — would be able to… | mendoŋquldayalmaz edimdoŋquldayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to gurgle | sendoŋquldayalmaz ediŋdoŋquldayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to gurgle | oldoŋquldayalmaz edidoŋquldayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to gurgle | bizdoŋquldayalmaz edikdoŋquldayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to gurgle | sizdoŋquldayalmaz edigizdoŋquldayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to gurgle | aladoŋquldayalmaz ediledoŋquldayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to gurgle |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sendoŋquldayalğındoŋquldayalğımay you be able to gurgle | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sendoŋquldayalmağındoŋquldayalmağımay you not be able to gurgle | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mendoŋquldarğa izleymeI want to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa izleyseyou want to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa izleydihe wants to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa izleybizwe want to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa izleysizyou all want to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa izleydilethey want to gurgle |
| want to | mendoŋquldarğa izlemeymeI do not want to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa izlemeydihe does not want to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to gurgle |
| would like to | mendoŋquldarğa süemeI would like to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa süeseyou would like to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa süedihe would like to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa süebizwe would like to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa süesizyou all would like to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa süedilethey would like to gurgle |
| would like to | mendoŋquldarğa süymeymeI would not like to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa süymeyseyou would not like to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa süymeydihe would not like to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa süymeybizwe would not like to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa süymeydilethey would not like to gurgle |
| hope to | mendoŋquldarğa umutlanamaI hope to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa umutlanasayou hope to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa umutlanabızwe hope to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa umutlanadılathey hope to gurgle |
| hope to | mendoŋquldarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to gurgle |
| be about to | mendoŋquldarğa deb turamaI am about to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa deb turasayou are about to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa deb turadıhe is about to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa deb turabızwe are about to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa deb turasızyou all are about to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa deb turadılathey are about to gurgle |
| be about to | mendoŋquldarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to gurgle |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mendoŋquldarğa kerekmeI need to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa kerekseyou need to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa kerekdihe needs to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa kerekbizwe need to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa kereksizyou all need to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa kerekdilethey need to gurgle |
| need to | mendoŋquldarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to gurgle |
| have to | menmenŋe doŋquldarğa tüşediI have to gurgle | sensenŋe doŋquldarğa tüşediyou have to gurgle | olaŋa doŋquldarğa tüşedihe has to gurgle | bizbizge doŋquldarğa tüşediwe have to gurgle | sizsizge doŋquldarğa tüşediyou all have to gurgle | alaalağa doŋquldarğa tüşedithey have to gurgle |
| have to | menmenŋe doŋquldarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to gurgle | sensenŋe doŋquldarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to gurgle | olaŋa doŋquldarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to gurgle | bizbizge doŋquldarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to gurgle | sizsizge doŋquldarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to gurgle | alaalağa doŋquldarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to gurgle |
| be obliged to | mendoŋquldarğa borçlumaI am obliged to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa borçlusayou are obliged to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa borçluduhe is obliged to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa borçludulathey are obliged to gurgle |
| be obliged to | mendoŋquldarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to gurgle |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mendoŋquldarğa madarım bardıI have a way to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to gurgle |
| have a way to | mendoŋquldarğa madarım joqduI have no way to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to gurgle |
| be free to | mendoŋquldarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to gurgle |
| be free to | mendoŋquldarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to gurgle |
| be possible to | menmenŋe doŋquldarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to gurgle | sensenŋe doŋquldarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to gurgle | olaŋa doŋquldarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to gurgle | bizbizge doŋquldarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to gurgle | sizsizge doŋquldarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to gurgle | alaalağa doŋquldarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to gurgle |
| be possible to | menmenŋe doŋquldarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to gurgle | sensenŋe doŋquldarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to gurgle | olaŋa doŋquldarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to gurgle | bizbizge doŋquldarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to gurgle | sizsizge doŋquldarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to gurgle | alaalağa doŋquldarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to gurgle |
| be ready to | mendoŋquldarğa hazırmaI am ready to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa hazırsayou are ready to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa hazırdıhe is ready to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa hazırbızwe are ready to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa hazırdılathey are ready to gurgle |
| be ready to | mendoŋquldarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to gurgle |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mendoŋquldarğa küreşemeI am trying to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa küreşeseyou are trying to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa küreşedihe is trying to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa küreşebizwe are trying to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa küreşedilethey are trying to gurgle |
| try to | mendoŋquldarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to gurgle |
| agree to | mendoŋquldarğa unaymaI agree to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa unaysayou agree to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa unaydıhe agrees to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa unaybızwe agree to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa unaysızyou all agree to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa unaydılathey agree to gurgle |
| agree to | mendoŋquldarğa unamaymaI refuse to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa unamaysayou refuse to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa unamaydıhe refuses to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa unamaybızwe refuse to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa unamaydılathey refuse to gurgle |
| hurry to | mendoŋquldarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to gurgle |
| hurry to | mendoŋquldarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to gurgle |
| be afraid to | mendoŋquldarğa qorqamaI am afraid to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa qorqasayou are afraid to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to gurgle |
| be afraid to | mendoŋquldarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to gurgle | sendoŋquldarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to gurgle | oldoŋquldarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to gurgle | aladoŋquldarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to gurgle |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mendoŋqulday bolmazmaI can't be gurgling | sendoŋqulday bolmazsayou can't be gurgling | oldoŋqulday bolmazhe can't be gurgling | bizdoŋqulday bolmazbızwe can't be gurgling | sizdoŋqulday bolmazsızyou all can't be gurgling | aladoŋqulday bolmazlathey can't be gurgling |
| Inference, present — double negation | mendoŋquldamay bolmazmaI must be gurgling (emphatic) | sendoŋquldamay bolmazsayou must be gurgling (emphatic) | oldoŋquldamay bolmazhe must be gurgling (emphatic) | bizdoŋquldamay bolmazbızwe must be gurgling (emphatic) | sizdoŋquldamay bolmazsızyou all must be gurgling (emphatic) | aladoŋquldamay bolmazlathey must be gurgling (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mendoŋqulday turmasamif I don't keep gurgling | sendoŋqulday turmasaŋif you don't keep gurgling | oldoŋqulday turmasaif he doesn't keep gurgling | bizdoŋqulday turmasaqif we don't keep gurgling | sizdoŋqulday turmasağızif you all don't keep gurgling | aladoŋqulday turmasalaif they don't keep gurgling |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mendoŋqulday tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of gurgling | sendoŋqulday tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of gurgling | oldoŋqulday tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of gurgling | bizdoŋqulday tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of gurgling | sizdoŋqulday tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of gurgling | aladoŋqulday tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of gurgling |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mendoŋquldamay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not gurgling (emphatic) | sendoŋquldamay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not gurgling (emphatic) | oldoŋquldamay tura bolmazhe must keep on not gurgling (emphatic) | bizdoŋquldamay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not gurgling (emphatic) | sizdoŋquldamay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not gurgling (emphatic) | aladoŋquldamay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not gurgling (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mendoŋquldamay turamaI keep on not gurgling | sendoŋquldamay turasayou keep on not gurgling | oldoŋquldamay turadıhe keeps on not gurgling | bizdoŋquldamay turabızwe keep on not gurgling | sizdoŋquldamay turasızyou all keep on not gurgling | aladoŋquldamay turadılathey keep on not gurgling |
| Progressive — double negation | mendoŋquldamay turmaymaI am not keeping on not gurgling | sendoŋquldamay turmaysayou are not keeping on not gurgling | oldoŋquldamay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not gurgling | bizdoŋquldamay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not gurgling | sizdoŋquldamay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not gurgling | aladoŋquldamay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not gurgling |
| Progressive — double negation | mendoŋquldamay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not gurgling? | sendoŋquldamay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not gurgling? | oldoŋquldamay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not gurgling? | bizdoŋquldamay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not gurgling? | sizdoŋquldamay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not gurgling? | aladoŋquldamay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not gurgling? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mendoŋquldağan bolmazmaI can't have gurgled | sendoŋquldağan bolmazsayou can't have gurgled | oldoŋquldağan bolmazhe can't have gurgled | bizdoŋquldağan bolmazbızwe can't have gurgled | sizdoŋquldağan bolmazsızyou all can't have gurgled | aladoŋquldağan bolmazlathey can't have gurgled |
| Inference — double negation | mendoŋquldamağan bolmazmaI must have gurgled (emphatic) | sendoŋquldamağan bolmazsayou must have gurgled (emphatic) | oldoŋquldamağan bolmazhe must have gurgled (emphatic) | bizdoŋquldamağan bolmazbızwe must have gurgled (emphatic) | sizdoŋquldamağan bolmazsızyou all must have gurgled (emphatic) | aladoŋquldamağan bolmazlathey must have gurgled (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mendoŋquldağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had gurgled | sendoŋquldağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had gurgled | oldoŋquldağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had gurgled | bizdoŋquldağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had gurgled | sizdoŋquldağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had gurgled | aladoŋquldağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had gurgled |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mendoŋquldamağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't gurgled | sendoŋquldamağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't gurgled | oldoŋquldamağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't gurgled | bizdoŋquldamağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't gurgled | sizdoŋquldamağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't gurgled | aladoŋquldamağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't gurgled |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mendoŋquldarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to gurgle | sendoŋquldarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to gurgle | oldoŋquldarıq bolmazhe can't be going to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to gurgle | aladoŋquldarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to gurgle |
| Inference, future — double negation | mendoŋquldamazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to gurgle (emphatic) | sendoŋquldamazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to gurgle (emphatic) | oldoŋquldamazlıq bolmazhe must be going to gurgle (emphatic) | bizdoŋquldamazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to gurgle (emphatic) | sizdoŋquldamazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to gurgle (emphatic) | aladoŋquldamazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to gurgle (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mendoŋquldarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to gurgle | sendoŋquldarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to gurgle | oldoŋquldarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to gurgle | bizdoŋquldarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to gurgle | sizdoŋquldarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to gurgle | aladoŋquldarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to gurgle |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mendoŋquldamazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to gurgle | sendoŋquldamazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to gurgle | oldoŋquldamazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to gurgle | bizdoŋquldamazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to gurgle | sizdoŋquldamazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to gurgle | aladoŋquldamazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to gurgle |