dertlerge
/dertlerɡe/
1. take revenge, avenge oneself
- dertleb qoydu — he took his revenge
- dertlerge izleydi — he is looking to take revenge
- dertlemey qaldı — he left it unavenged
2. bear a grudge
- ol dertleydi — he bears a grudge
- dertleme — do not bear a grudge
- dertleb tururğa — to go on bearing a grudge
Conjugation
Common forms
- dertleydihe is taking revenge
- dertledihe took revenge
- dertlegendihe has taken revenge
- dertlerhe will take revenge
- dertlerikdihe is going to take revenge
- dertley edihe was taking revenge
- dertleseif he takes revenge
- dertle!take revenge!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mendertleymeI am taking revenge | sendertleyseyou are taking revenge | oldertleydihe is taking revenge | bizdertleybizwe are taking revenge | sizdertleysizyou all are taking revenge | aladertleydilethey are taking revenge |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mendertlemeymeI am not taking revenge | sendertlemeyseyou are not taking revenge | oldertlemeydihe is not taking revenge | bizdertlemeybizwe are not taking revenge | sizdertlemeysizyou all are not taking revenge | aladertlemeydilethey are not taking revenge |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mendertleymemi? dertleymime?am I taking revenge? | sendertleymise?are you taking revenge? | oldertleymidi?is he taking revenge? | bizdertleybizmi? dertleymibiz?are we taking revenge? | sizdertleymisiz?are you all taking revenge? | aladertleymidile?are they taking revenge? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mendertlemeymemi? dertlemeymime?aren't I taking revenge? | sendertlemeymise?aren't you taking revenge? | oldertlemeymidi?isn't he taking revenge? | bizdertlemeybizmi? dertlemeymibiz?aren't we taking revenge? | sizdertlemeymisiz?aren't you all taking revenge? | aladertlemeymidile?aren't they taking revenge? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mendertlewçenmeI usually take revenge | sendertlewçenseyou usually take revenge | oldertlewçendihe usually takes revenge | bizdertlewçenbizwe usually take revenge | sizdertlewçensizyou all usually take revenge | aladertlewçendilethey usually take revenge |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mendertlemewçenmeI usually don't take revenge | sendertlemewçenseyou usually don't take revenge | oldertlemewçendihe usually doesn't take revenge | bizdertlemewçenbizwe usually don't take revenge | sizdertlemewçensizyou all usually don't take revenge | aladertlemewçendilethey usually don't take revenge |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mendertlewçenmemi? dertlewçenmime?do I usually take revenge? | sendertlewçenmise?do you usually take revenge? | oldertlewçenmidi?does he usually take revenge? | bizdertlewçenbizmi? dertlewçenmibiz?do we usually take revenge? | sizdertlewçenmisiz?do you all usually take revenge? | aladertlewçenmidile?do they usually take revenge? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mendertlemewçenmemi? dertlemewçenmime?do I usually not take revenge? | sendertlemewçenmise?do you usually not take revenge? | oldertlemewçenmidi?does he usually not take revenge? | bizdertlemewçenbizmi? dertlemewçenmibiz?do we usually not take revenge? | sizdertlemewçenmisiz?do you all usually not take revenge? | aladertlemewçenmidile?do they usually not take revenge? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oldertlebdihe has taken revenge and remains so | aladertlebdilethey have taken revenge and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oldertlebmidi?has he taken revenge? | aladertlebmidile?have they taken revenge? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mendertleb turamaI keep taking revenge | sendertleb turasayou keep taking revenge | oldertleb turadıhe keeps taking revenge | bizdertleb turabızwe keep taking revenge | sizdertleb turasızyou all keep taking revenge | aladertleb turadılathey keep taking revenge |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mendertleb turmaymaI don't keep taking revenge | sendertleb turmaysayou don't keep taking revenge | oldertleb turmaydıhe doesn't keep taking revenge | bizdertleb turmaybızwe don't keep taking revenge | sizdertleb turmaysızyou all don't keep taking revenge | aladertleb turmaydılathey don't keep taking revenge |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mendertleb turamamı? dertleb turamıma?do I keep taking revenge? | sendertleb turamısa?do you keep taking revenge? | oldertleb turamıdı?does he keep taking revenge? | bizdertleb turabızmı? dertleb turamıbız?do we keep taking revenge? | sizdertleb turamısız?do you all keep taking revenge? | aladertleb turamıdıla?do they keep taking revenge? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mendertleb turmaymamı? dertleb turmaymıma?don't I keep taking revenge? | sendertleb turmaymısa?don't you keep taking revenge? | oldertleb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep taking revenge? | bizdertleb turmaybızmı? dertleb turmaymıbız?don't we keep taking revenge? | sizdertleb turmaymısız?don't you all keep taking revenge? | aladertleb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep taking revenge? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mendertley turamaI am in the middle of taking revenge | sendertley turasayou are in the middle of taking revenge | oldertley turadıhe is in the middle of taking revenge | bizdertley turabızwe are in the middle of taking revenge | sizdertley turasızyou all are in the middle of taking revenge | aladertley turadılathey are in the middle of taking revenge |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mendertley turmaymaI am not in the middle of taking revenge | sendertley turmaysayou are not in the middle of taking revenge | oldertley turmaydıhe is not in the middle of taking revenge | bizdertley turmaybızwe are not in the middle of taking revenge | sizdertley turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of taking revenge | aladertley turmaydılathey are not in the middle of taking revenge |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mendertley turamamı? dertley turamıma?am I in the middle of taking revenge? | sendertley turamısa?are you in the middle of taking revenge? | oldertley turamıdı?is he in the middle of taking revenge? | bizdertley turabızmı? dertley turamıbız?are we in the middle of taking revenge? | sizdertley turamısız?are you all in the middle of taking revenge? | aladertley turamıdıla?are they in the middle of taking revenge? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mendertley turmaymamı? dertley turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of taking revenge? | sendertley turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of taking revenge? | oldertley turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of taking revenge? | bizdertley turmaybızmı? dertley turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of taking revenge? | sizdertley turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of taking revenge? | aladertley turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of taking revenge? |
| Simple past (definite) | mendertledimI took revenge | sendertlediŋyou took revenge | oldertledihe took revenge | bizdertledikwe took revenge | sizdertledigizyou all took revenge | aladertledilethey took revenge |
| Simple past (definite) | mendertlemedimI didn't take revenge | sendertlemediŋyou didn't take revenge | oldertlemedihe didn't take revenge | bizdertlemedikwe didn't take revenge | sizdertlemedigizyou all didn't take revenge | aladertlemedilethey didn't take revenge |
| Simple past (definite) | mendertledimmi?did I take revenge? | sendertlediŋmi?did you take revenge? | oldertledimi?did he take revenge? | bizdertledikmi?did we take revenge? | sizdertledigizmi?did you all take revenge? | aladertledilemi?did they take revenge? |
| Simple past (definite) | mendertlemedimmi?didn't I take revenge? | sendertlemediŋmi?didn't you take revenge? | oldertlemedimi?didn't he take revenge? | bizdertlemedikmi?didn't we take revenge? | sizdertlemedigizmi?didn't you all take revenge? | aladertlemedilemi?didn't they take revenge? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mendertlegenmeI have taken revenge | sendertlegenseyou have taken revenge | oldertlegendihe has taken revenge | bizdertlegenbizwe have taken revenge | sizdertlegensizyou all have taken revenge | aladertlegendilethey have taken revenge |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mendertlemegenmeI haven't taken revenge | sendertlemegenseyou haven't taken revenge | oldertlemegendihe hasn't taken revenge | bizdertlemegenbizwe haven't taken revenge | sizdertlemegensizyou all haven't taken revenge | aladertlemegendilethey haven't taken revenge |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mendertlegenmemi? dertlegenmime?have I taken revenge? | sendertlegenmise?have you taken revenge? | oldertlegenmidi?has he taken revenge? | bizdertlegenbizmi? dertlegenmibiz?have we taken revenge? | sizdertlegenmisiz?have you all taken revenge? | aladertlegenmidile?have they taken revenge? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mendertlemegenmemi? dertlemegenmime?haven't I taken revenge? | sendertlemegenmise?haven't you taken revenge? | oldertlemegenmidi?hasn't he taken revenge? | bizdertlemegenbizmi? dertlemegenmibiz?haven't we taken revenge? | sizdertlemegenmisiz?haven't you all taken revenge? | aladertlemegenmidile?haven't they taken revenge? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mendertleb turdumI kept taking revenge | sendertleb turduŋyou kept taking revenge | oldertleb turduhe kept taking revenge | bizdertleb turduqwe kept taking revenge | sizdertleb turduğuzyou all kept taking revenge | aladertleb turdulathey kept taking revenge |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mendertleb turmadımI didn't keep taking revenge | sendertleb turmadıŋyou didn't keep taking revenge | oldertleb turmadıhe didn't keep taking revenge | bizdertleb turmadıqwe didn't keep taking revenge | sizdertleb turmadığızyou all didn't keep taking revenge | aladertleb turmadılathey didn't keep taking revenge |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mendertlermeI will take revenge | sendertlerseyou will take revenge | oldertlerhe will take revenge | bizdertlerbizwe will take revenge | sizdertlersizyou all will take revenge | aladertlerlethey will take revenge |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mendertlemezmeI won't take revenge | sendertlemezseyou won't take revenge | oldertlemezhe won't take revenge | bizdertlemezbizwe won't take revenge | sizdertlemezsizyou all won't take revenge | aladertlemezlethey won't take revenge |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mendertlermemi? dertlermime?will I take revenge? | sendertlermise?will you take revenge? | oldertlermi?will he take revenge? | bizdertlerbizmi? dertlermibiz?will we take revenge? | sizdertlermisiz?will you all take revenge? | aladertlerlemi? dertlermile?will they take revenge? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mendertlemezmemi? dertlemezmime?won't I take revenge? | sendertlemezmise?won't you take revenge? | oldertlemezmi?won't he take revenge? | bizdertlemezbizmi? dertlemezmibiz?won't we take revenge? | sizdertlemezmisiz?won't you all take revenge? | aladertlemezlemi? dertlemezmile?won't they take revenge? |
| Definite future (future II) | mendertlerikmeI am going to take revenge | sendertlerikseyou are going to take revenge | oldertlerikdihe is going to take revenge | bizdertlerikbizwe are going to take revenge | sizdertleriksizyou all are going to take revenge | aladertlerikdilethey are going to take revenge |
| Definite future (future II) | mendertlerik tülmeI am not going to take revenge | sendertlerik tülseyou are not going to take revenge | oldertlerik tüldühe is not going to take revenge | bizdertlerik tülbüzwe are not going to take revenge | sizdertlerik tülsüzyou all are not going to take revenge | aladertlerik tüldülethey are not going to take revenge |
| Definite future (future II) | mendertlerikmemi? dertlerikmime?am I going to take revenge? | sendertlerikmise?are you going to take revenge? | oldertlerikmidi?is he going to take revenge? | bizdertlerikbizmi? dertlerikmibiz?are we going to take revenge? | sizdertlerikmisiz?are you all going to take revenge? | aladertlerikmidile?are they going to take revenge? |
| Definite future (future II) | mendertlerik tülmüme?aren't I going to take revenge? | sendertlerik tülmüse?aren't you going to take revenge? | oldertlerik tülmüdü?isn't he going to take revenge? | bizdertlerik tülmübüz?aren't we going to take revenge? | sizdertlerik tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to take revenge? | aladertlerik tülmüdüle?aren't they going to take revenge? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mendertlegen edimdertlegenemI had taken revenge | sendertlegen ediŋdertlegeneŋyou had taken revenge | oldertlegen edidertlegenedhe had taken revenge | bizdertlegen edikdertlegenekwe had taken revenge | sizdertlegen edigizdertlegenegizyou all had taken revenge | aladertlegen ediledertlegenellethey had taken revenge |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mendertlemegen edimdertlemegenemI hadn't taken revenge | sendertlemegen ediŋdertlemegeneŋyou hadn't taken revenge | oldertlemegen edidertlemegenedhe hadn't taken revenge | bizdertlemegen edikdertlemegenekwe hadn't taken revenge | sizdertlemegen edigizdertlemegenegizyou all hadn't taken revenge | aladertlemegen ediledertlemegenellethey hadn't taken revenge |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mendertley edimdertleyemI was taking revenge | sendertley ediŋdertleyeŋyou were taking revenge | oldertley edidertleyedhe was taking revenge | bizdertley edikdertleyekwe were taking revenge | sizdertley edigizdertleyegizyou all were taking revenge | aladertley ediledertleyellethey were taking revenge |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mendertlemey edimdertlemeyemI wasn't taking revenge | sendertlemey ediŋdertlemeyeŋyou weren't taking revenge | oldertlemey edidertlemeyedhe wasn't taking revenge | bizdertlemey edikdertlemeyekwe weren't taking revenge | sizdertlemey edigizdertlemeyegizyou all weren't taking revenge | aladertlemey ediledertlemeyellethey weren't taking revenge |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mendertlewçen edimdertlewçenemI used to take revenge | sendertlewçen ediŋdertlewçeneŋyou used to take revenge | oldertlewçen edidertlewçenedhe used to take revenge | bizdertlewçen edikdertlewçenekwe used to take revenge | sizdertlewçen edigizdertlewçenegizyou all used to take revenge | aladertlewçen ediledertlewçenellethey used to take revenge |
| Habitual past (used to) | mendertlemewçen edimdertlemewçenemI didn't use to take revenge | sendertlemewçen ediŋdertlemewçeneŋyou didn't use to take revenge | oldertlemewçen edidertlemewçenedhe didn't use to take revenge | bizdertlemewçen edikdertlemewçenekwe didn't use to take revenge | sizdertlemewçen edigizdertlemewçenegizyou all didn't use to take revenge | aladertlemewçen ediledertlemewçenellethey didn't use to take revenge |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oldertleb edihe had taken revenge and remained so | aladertleb edilethey had taken revenge and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oldertleb tül edihe hadn't taken revenge | aladertleb tül edilethey hadn't taken revenge | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mendertleb tura edimdertleb turaemI had kept taking revenge | sendertleb tura ediŋdertleb turaeŋyou had kept taking revenge | oldertleb tura edidertleb turaedhe had kept taking revenge | bizdertleb tura edikdertleb turaekwe had kept taking revenge | sizdertleb tura edigizdertleb turaegizyou all had kept taking revenge | aladertleb tura ediledertleb turaellethey had kept taking revenge |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mendertleb turmay edimdertleb turmayemI hadn't kept taking revenge | sendertleb turmay ediŋdertleb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept taking revenge | oldertleb turmay edidertleb turmayedhe hadn't kept taking revenge | bizdertleb turmay edikdertleb turmayekwe hadn't kept taking revenge | sizdertleb turmay edigizdertleb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept taking revenge | aladertleb turmay ediledertleb turmayellethey hadn't kept taking revenge |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mendertley tura edimdertley turaemI was in the middle of taking revenge | sendertley tura ediŋdertley turaeŋyou were in the middle of taking revenge | oldertley tura edidertley turaedhe was in the middle of taking revenge | bizdertley tura edikdertley turaekwe were in the middle of taking revenge | sizdertley tura edigizdertley turaegizyou all were in the middle of taking revenge | aladertley tura ediledertley turaellethey were in the middle of taking revenge |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mendertley turmay edimdertley turmayemI wasn't in the middle of taking revenge | sendertley turmay ediŋdertley turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of taking revenge | oldertley turmay edidertley turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of taking revenge | bizdertley turmay edikdertley turmayekwe weren't in the middle of taking revenge | sizdertley turmay edigizdertley turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of taking revenge | aladertley turmay ediledertley turmayellethey weren't in the middle of taking revenge |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mendertler edimdertler emI would take revenge | sendertler ediŋdertler eŋyou would take revenge | oldertler edidertler edhe would take revenge | bizdertler edikdertler ekwe would take revenge | sizdertler edigizdertler egizyou all would take revenge | aladertler ediledertler ellethey would take revenge |
| Conditional result (would) | mendertlemez edimdertlemez emI wouldn't take revenge | sendertlemez ediŋdertlemez eŋyou wouldn't take revenge | oldertlemez edidertlemez edhe wouldn't take revenge | bizdertlemez edikdertlemez ekwe wouldn't take revenge | sizdertlemez edigizdertlemez egizyou all wouldn't take revenge | aladertlemez ediledertlemez ellethey wouldn't take revenge |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mendertlerik edimdertlerik emI would have taken revenge | sendertlerik ediŋdertlerik eŋyou would have taken revenge | oldertlerik edidertlerik edhe would have taken revenge | bizdertlerik edikdertlerik ekwe would have taken revenge | sizdertlerik edigizdertlerik egizyou all would have taken revenge | aladertlerik ediledertlerik ellethey would have taken revenge |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mendertlerik tül edimdertlerik tül emI wouldn't have taken revenge | sendertlerik tül ediŋdertlerik tül eŋyou wouldn't have taken revenge | oldertlerik tül edidertlerik tül edhe wouldn't have taken revenge | bizdertlerik tül edikdertlerik tül ekwe wouldn't have taken revenge | sizdertlerik tül edigizdertlerik tül egizyou all wouldn't have taken revenge | aladertlerik tül ediledertlerik tül ellethey wouldn't have taken revenge |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mendertlesemif I take revenge | sendertleseŋif you take revenge | oldertleseif he takes revenge | bizdertlesekif we take revenge | sizdertlesegizif you all take revenge | aladertleseleif they take revenge |
| Conditional | mendertlemesemif I don't take revenge | sendertlemeseŋif you don't take revenge | oldertlemeseif he doesn't take revenge | bizdertlemesekif we don't take revenge | sizdertlemesegizif you all don't take revenge | aladertlemeseleif they don't take revenge |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mendertley esemif I am taking revenge | sendertley eseŋif you are taking revenge | oldertley eseif he is taking revenge | bizdertley esekif we are taking revenge | sizdertley esegizif you all are taking revenge | aladertley eseleif they are taking revenge |
| Conditional, present real | mendertlemey esemif I am not taking revenge | sendertlemey eseŋif you are not taking revenge | oldertlemey eseif he is not taking revenge | bizdertlemey esekif we are not taking revenge | sizdertlemey esegizif you all are not taking revenge | aladertlemey eseleif they are not taking revenge |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mendertlesem edidertlesem edif only I took revenge | sendertleseŋ edidertleseŋ edif only you took revenge | oldertlese edidertlesedif only he took revenge | bizdertlesek edidertlesek edif only we took revenge | sizdertlesegiz edidertlesegiz edif only you all took revenge | aladertlesele edidertleseledif only they took revenge |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mendertlemesem edidertlemesem edif only I didn't take revenge | sendertlemeseŋ edidertlemeseŋ edif only you didn't take revenge | oldertlemese edidertlemesedif only he didn't take revenge | bizdertlemesek edidertlemesek edif only we didn't take revenge | sizdertlemesegiz edidertlemesegiz edif only you all didn't take revenge | aladertlemesele edidertlemeseledif only they didn't take revenge |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mendertleb tursamif I carry on taking revenge | sendertleb tursaŋif you carry on taking revenge | oldertleb tursaif he carries on taking revenge | bizdertleb tursaqif we carry on taking revenge | sizdertleb tursağızif you all carry on taking revenge | aladertleb tursalaif they carry on taking revenge |
| Durative conditional | mendertleb turmasamif I don't carry on taking revenge | sendertleb turmasaŋif you don't carry on taking revenge | oldertleb turmasaif he doesn't carry on taking revenge | bizdertleb turmasaqif we don't carry on taking revenge | sizdertleb turmasağızif you all don't carry on taking revenge | aladertleb turmasalaif they don't carry on taking revenge |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mendertleb tura esemif I have kept taking revenge | sendertleb tura eseŋif you have kept taking revenge | oldertleb tura eseif he has kept taking revenge | bizdertleb tura esekif we have kept taking revenge | sizdertleb tura esegizif you all have kept taking revenge | aladertleb tura eseleif they have kept taking revenge |
| Durative conditional, present real | mendertleb turmay esemif I haven't kept taking revenge | sendertleb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept taking revenge | oldertleb turmay eseif he hasn't kept taking revenge | bizdertleb turmay esekif we haven't kept taking revenge | sizdertleb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept taking revenge | aladertleb turmay eseleif they haven't kept taking revenge |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mendertley tursamif I keep taking revenge | sendertley tursaŋif you keep taking revenge | oldertley tursaif he keeps taking revenge | bizdertley tursaqif we keep taking revenge | sizdertley tursağızif you all keep taking revenge | aladertley tursalaif they keep taking revenge |
| Progressive conditional | mendertlemey tursamif I keep on not taking revenge | sendertlemey tursaŋif you keep on not taking revenge | oldertlemey tursaif he keeps on not taking revenge | bizdertlemey tursaqif we keep on not taking revenge | sizdertlemey tursağızif you all keep on not taking revenge | aladertlemey tursalaif they keep on not taking revenge |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mendertley tura esemif I am in the middle of taking revenge | sendertley tura eseŋif you are in the middle of taking revenge | oldertley tura eseif he is in the middle of taking revenge | bizdertley tura esekif we are in the middle of taking revenge | sizdertley tura esegizif you all are in the middle of taking revenge | aladertley tura eseleif they are in the middle of taking revenge |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mendertlemey tura esemif I keep on not taking revenge | sendertlemey tura eseŋif you keep on not taking revenge | oldertlemey tura eseif he keeps on not taking revenge | bizdertlemey tura esekif we keep on not taking revenge | sizdertlemey tura esegizif you all keep on not taking revenge | aladertlemey tura eseleif they keep on not taking revenge |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mendertledim esemif I took revenge | sendertlediŋ eseŋif you took revenge | oldertledi eseif he took revenge | bizdertledik esekif we took revenge | sizdertledigiz esegizif you all took revenge | aladertledile eseleif they took revenge |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mendertlemedim esemif I didn't take revenge | sendertlemediŋ eseŋif you didn't take revenge | oldertlemedi eseif he didn't take revenge | bizdertlemedik esekif we didn't take revenge | sizdertlemedigiz esegizif you all didn't take revenge | aladertlemedile eseleif they didn't take revenge |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mendertlegen esemif I did take revenge (indeed) | sendertlegen eseŋif you did take revenge (indeed) | oldertlegen eseif he did take revenge (indeed) | bizdertlegen esekif we did take revenge (indeed) | sizdertlegen esegizif you all did take revenge (indeed) | aladertlegen eseleif they did take revenge (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mendertlemegen esemif I didn't take revenge (indeed) | sendertlemegen eseŋif you didn't take revenge (indeed) | oldertlemegen eseif he didn't take revenge (indeed) | bizdertlemegen esekif we didn't take revenge (indeed) | sizdertlemegen esegizif you all didn't take revenge (indeed) | aladertlemegen eseleif they didn't take revenge (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mendertlegen bolsamif I had taken revenge | sendertlegen bolsaŋif you had taken revenge | oldertlegen bolsaif he had taken revenge | bizdertlegen bolsaqif we had taken revenge | sizdertlegen bolsağızif you all had taken revenge | aladertlegen bolsalaif they had taken revenge |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mendertlemegen bolsamif I hadn't taken revenge | sendertlemegen bolsaŋif you hadn't taken revenge | oldertlemegen bolsaif he hadn't taken revenge | bizdertlemegen bolsaqif we hadn't taken revenge | sizdertlemegen bolsağızif you all hadn't taken revenge | aladertlemegen bolsalaif they hadn't taken revenge |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mendertlegen bolsam edidertlegen bolsam edif only I had taken revenge | sendertlegen bolsaŋ edidertlegen bolsaŋ edif only you had taken revenge | oldertlegen bolsa edidertlegen bolsaedif only he had taken revenge | bizdertlegen bolsaq edidertlegen bolsaq edif only we had taken revenge | sizdertlegen bolsağız edidertlegen bolsağız edif only you all had taken revenge | aladertlegen bolsala edidertlegen bolsalaedif only they had taken revenge |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mendertlemegen bolsam edidertlemegen bolsam edif only I hadn't taken revenge | sendertlemegen bolsaŋ edidertlemegen bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't taken revenge | oldertlemegen bolsa edidertlemegen bolsaedif only he hadn't taken revenge | bizdertlemegen bolsaq edidertlemegen bolsaq edif only we hadn't taken revenge | sizdertlemegen bolsağız edidertlemegen bolsağız edif only you all hadn't taken revenge | aladertlemegen bolsala edidertlemegen bolsalaedif only they hadn't taken revenge |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mendertler esemif I will take revenge | sendertler eseŋif you will take revenge | oldertler eseif he will take revenge | bizdertler esekif we will take revenge | sizdertler esegizif you all will take revenge | aladertler eseleif they will take revenge |
| Conditional, aorist | mendertlemez esemif I won't take revenge | sendertlemez eseŋif you won't take revenge | oldertlemez eseif he won't take revenge | bizdertlemez esekif we won't take revenge | sizdertlemez esegizif you all won't take revenge | aladertlemez eseleif they won't take revenge |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mendertlerik esemif I am going to take revenge | sendertlerik eseŋif you are going to take revenge | oldertlerik eseif he is going to take revenge | bizdertlerik esekif we are going to take revenge | sizdertlerik esegizif you all are going to take revenge | aladertlerik eseleif they are going to take revenge |
| Conditional, future | mendertlerik tül esemif I am not going to take revenge | sendertlerik tül eseŋif you are not going to take revenge | oldertlerik tül eseif he is not going to take revenge | bizdertlerik tül esekif we are not going to take revenge | sizdertlerik tül esegizif you all are not going to take revenge | aladertlerik tül eseleif they are not going to take revenge |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mendertlerik bolsamif I were going to take revenge | sendertlerik bolsaŋif you were going to take revenge | oldertlerik bolsaif he were going to take revenge | bizdertlerik bolsaqif we were going to take revenge | sizdertlerik bolsağızif you all were going to take revenge | aladertlerik bolsalaif they were going to take revenge |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mendertlemezlik bolsamif I were not going to take revenge | sendertlemezlik bolsaŋif you were not going to take revenge | oldertlemezlik bolsaif he were not going to take revenge | bizdertlemezlik bolsaqif we were not going to take revenge | sizdertlemezlik bolsağızif you all were not going to take revenge | aladertlemezlik bolsalaif they were not going to take revenge |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso dertlediŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mendertley bolurmaI must be taking revenge | sendertley bolursayou must be taking revenge | oldertley bolurhe must be taking revenge | bizdertley bolurbuzwe must be taking revenge | sizdertley bolursuzyou all must be taking revenge | aladertley bolurlathey must be taking revenge |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mendertlemey bolurmaI must not be taking revenge | sendertlemey bolursayou must not be taking revenge | oldertlemey bolurhe must not be taking revenge | bizdertlemey bolurbuzwe must not be taking revenge | sizdertlemey bolursuzyou all must not be taking revenge | aladertlemey bolurlathey must not be taking revenge |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mendertley tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of taking revenge | sendertley tura bolursayou must be in the middle of taking revenge | oldertley tura bolurhe must be in the middle of taking revenge | bizdertley tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of taking revenge | sizdertley tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of taking revenge | aladertley tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of taking revenge |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mendertlemey tura bolurmaI must keep on not taking revenge | sendertlemey tura bolursayou must keep on not taking revenge | oldertlemey tura bolurhe must keep on not taking revenge | bizdertlemey tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not taking revenge | sizdertlemey tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not taking revenge | aladertlemey tura bolurlathey must keep on not taking revenge |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mendertlegen bolurmaI must have taken revenge | sendertlegen bolursayou must have taken revenge | oldertlegen bolurhe must have taken revenge | bizdertlegen bolurbuzwe must have taken revenge | sizdertlegen bolursuzyou all must have taken revenge | aladertlegen bolurlathey must have taken revenge |
| Inference (must have) | mendertlemegen bolurmaI must not have taken revenge | sendertlemegen bolursayou must not have taken revenge | oldertlemegen bolurhe must not have taken revenge | bizdertlemegen bolurbuzwe must not have taken revenge | sizdertlemegen bolursuzyou all must not have taken revenge | aladertlemegen bolurlathey must not have taken revenge |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mendertlerik bolurmaI must be going to take revenge | sendertlerik bolursayou must be going to take revenge | oldertlerik bolurhe must be going to take revenge | bizdertlerik bolurbuzwe must be going to take revenge | sizdertlerik bolursuzyou all must be going to take revenge | aladertlerik bolurlathey must be going to take revenge |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mendertlemezlik bolurmaI must not be going to take revenge | sendertlemezlik bolursayou must not be going to take revenge | oldertlemezlik bolurhe must not be going to take revenge | bizdertlemezlik bolurbuzwe must not be going to take revenge | sizdertlemezlik bolursuzyou all must not be going to take revenge | aladertlemezlik bolurlathey must not be going to take revenge |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mendertleyimlet me take revenge | sendertle!take revenge! | oldertlesinlet him take revenge | bizdertleyiklet's take revenge | sizdertlegiz!take revenge, you all! | aladertlesinlelet them take revenge |
| Commands & suggestions | mendertlemeyimlet me not take revenge | sendertleme!don't take revenge! | oldertlemesinlet him not take revenge | bizdertlemeyiklet's not take revenge | sizdertlemegiz!don't take revenge, you all! | aladertlemesinlelet them not take revenge |
| Commands & suggestions | mendertleyimmi?shall I take revenge? | oldertlesinmi?should he take revenge? | bizdertleyikmi?shall we take revenge? | aladertlesinlemi?should they take revenge? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mendertlemeyimmi?shall I not take revenge? | oldertlemesinmi?should he not take revenge? | bizdertlemeyikmi?shall we not take revenge? | aladertlemesinlemi?should they not take revenge? | ||
| Requests | sendertleçi2dertleçinplease take revenge | oldertlesinçido let him take revenge | sizdertleçigizplease take revenge (plural/polite) | aladertlesinleçido let them take revenge | ||
| Requests | sendertlemeçi2dertlemeçinplease don't take revenge | oldertlemesinçido let him not take revenge | sizdertlemeçigizplease don't take revenge (plural/polite) | aladertlemesinleçido let them not take revenge | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sendertlegindertlegimay you take revenge | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sendertlemegindertlemegimay you not take revenge | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mendertlegey edim dertlege edimwould that I took revenge | sendertlegey ediŋ dertlege ediŋwould that you took revenge | oldertlegey edi dertlege ediwould that he took revenge | bizdertlegey edik dertlege edikwould that we took revenge | sizdertlegey edigiz dertlege edigizwould that you all took revenge | aladertlegey edile dertlege edilewould that they took revenge |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mendertlemegey edim dertlemege edimwould that I did not take revenge | sendertlemegey ediŋ dertlemege ediŋwould that you did not take revenge | oldertlemegey edi dertlemege ediwould that he did not take revenge | bizdertlemegey edik dertlemege edikwould that we did not take revenge | sizdertlemegey edigiz dertlemege edigizwould that you all did not take revenge | aladertlemegey edile dertlemege edilewould that they did not take revenge |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mendertlemege qoyayımdertleme qoyayımlet me allow someone to take revenge | sendertlemege qoy!dertleme qoy!let someone take revenge! | oldertlemege qoysundertleme qoysunlet him allow someone to take revenge | bizdertlemege qoyayıqdertleme qoyayıqlet's allow someone to take revenge | sizdertlemege qoyuğuz!dertleme qoyuğuz!let someone take revenge, you all! | aladertlemege qoysunladertleme qoysunlalet them allow someone to take revenge |
| Let someone… (commands) | mendertlemege qoymayımdertleme qoymayımlet me not allow someone to take revenge | sendertlemege qoyma!dertleme qoyma!don't let someone take revenge! | oldertlemege qoymasındertleme qoymasınlet him not allow someone to take revenge | bizdertlemege qoymayıqdertleme qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to take revenge | sizdertlemege qoymağız!dertleme qoymağız!don't let someone take revenge, you all! | aladertlemege qoymasınladertleme qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to take revenge |
| Let someone… (commands) | mendertlemege qoyayımmı?dertleme qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to take revenge? | oldertlemege qoysunmu?dertleme qoysunmu?should he allow someone to take revenge? | bizdertlemege qoyayıqmı?dertleme qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to take revenge? | aladertlemege qoysunlamı?dertleme qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to take revenge? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mendertlemege qoymayımmı?dertleme qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to take revenge? | oldertlemege qoymasınmı?dertleme qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to take revenge? | bizdertlemege qoymayıqmı?dertleme qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to take revenge? | aladertlemege qoymasınlamı?dertleme qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to take revenge? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mendertlemege qoyamadertleme qoyamaI allow someone to take revenge | sendertlemege qoyasadertleme qoyasayou allow someone to take revenge | oldertlemege qoyadıdertleme qoyadıhe allows someone to take revenge | bizdertlemege qoyabızdertleme qoyabızwe allow someone to take revenge | sizdertlemege qoyasızdertleme qoyasızyou all allow someone to take revenge | aladertlemege qoyadıladertleme qoyadılathey allow someone to take revenge |
| Let someone… (present) | mendertlemege qoymaymadertleme qoymaymaI don't allow someone to take revenge | sendertlemege qoymaysadertleme qoymaysayou don't allow someone to take revenge | oldertlemege qoymaydıdertleme qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to take revenge | bizdertlemege qoymaybızdertleme qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to take revenge | sizdertlemege qoymaysızdertleme qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to take revenge | aladertlemege qoymaydıladertleme qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to take revenge |
| Let someone… (present) | mendertlemege qoyamamı?dertleme qoyamamı?do I allow someone to take revenge? | sendertlemege qoyamısa?dertleme qoyamısa?do you allow someone to take revenge? | oldertlemege qoyamıdı?dertleme qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to take revenge? | bizdertlemege qoyabızmı?dertleme qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to take revenge? | sizdertlemege qoyamısız?dertleme qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to take revenge? | aladertlemege qoyamıdıla?dertleme qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to take revenge? |
| Let someone… (present) | mendertlemege qoymaymamı?dertleme qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to take revenge? | sendertlemege qoymaymısa?dertleme qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to take revenge? | oldertlemege qoymaymıdı?dertleme qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to take revenge? | bizdertlemege qoymaybızmı?dertleme qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to take revenge? | sizdertlemege qoymaymısız?dertleme qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to take revenge? | aladertlemege qoymaymıdıla?dertleme qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to take revenge? |
| Let someone… (past) | mendertlemege qoydumdertleme qoydumI allowed someone to take revenge | sendertlemege qoyduŋdertleme qoyduŋyou allowed someone to take revenge | oldertlemege qoydudertleme qoyduhe allowed someone to take revenge | bizdertlemege qoyduqdertleme qoyduqwe allowed someone to take revenge | sizdertlemege qoyduğuzdertleme qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to take revenge | aladertlemege qoyduladertleme qoydulathey allowed someone to take revenge |
| Let someone… (past) | mendertlemege qoymadımdertleme qoymadımI didn't allow someone to take revenge | sendertlemege qoymadıŋdertleme qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to take revenge | oldertlemege qoymadıdertleme qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to take revenge | bizdertlemege qoymadıqdertleme qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to take revenge | sizdertlemege qoymadığızdertleme qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to take revenge | aladertlemege qoymadıladertleme qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to take revenge |
| Let someone… (past) | mendertlemege qoydummu?dertleme qoydummu?did I allow someone to take revenge? | sendertlemege qoyduŋmu?dertleme qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to take revenge? | oldertlemege qoydumu?dertleme qoydumu?did he allow someone to take revenge? | bizdertlemege qoyduqmu?dertleme qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to take revenge? | sizdertlemege qoyduğuzmu?dertleme qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to take revenge? | aladertlemege qoydulamı?dertleme qoydulamı?did they allow someone to take revenge? |
| Let someone… (past) | mendertlemege qoymadımmı?dertleme qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to take revenge? | sendertlemege qoymadıŋmı?dertleme qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to take revenge? | oldertlemege qoymadımı?dertleme qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to take revenge? | bizdertlemege qoymadıqmı?dertleme qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to take revenge? | sizdertlemege qoymadığızmı?dertleme qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to take revenge? | aladertlemege qoymadılamı?dertleme qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to take revenge? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mendertleyalamaI can take revenge | sendertleyalasayou can take revenge | oldertleyaladıhe can take revenge | bizdertleyalabızwe can take revenge | sizdertleyalasızyou all can take revenge | aladertleyaladılathey can take revenge |
| Ability — present | mendertleyalmaymaI can't take revenge | sendertleyalmaysayou can't take revenge | oldertleyalmaydıhe can't take revenge | bizdertleyalmaybızwe can't take revenge | sizdertleyalmaysızyou all can't take revenge | aladertleyalmaydılathey can't take revenge |
| Ability — present | mendertleyalamamı? dertleyalamıma?can I take revenge? | sendertleyalamısa?can you take revenge? | oldertleyalamıdı?can he take revenge? | bizdertleyalabızmı? dertleyalamıbız?can we take revenge? | sizdertleyalamısız?can you all take revenge? | aladertleyalamıdıla?can they take revenge? |
| Ability — present | mendertleyalmaymamı? dertleyalmaymıma?can't I take revenge? | sendertleyalmaymısa?can't you take revenge? | oldertleyalmaymıdı?can't he take revenge? | bizdertleyalmaybızmı? dertleyalmaymıbız?can't we take revenge? | sizdertleyalmaymısız?can't you all take revenge? | aladertleyalmaymıdıla?can't they take revenge? |
| Ability — if I can… | mendertleyalsamif I can take revenge | sendertleyalsaŋif you can take revenge | oldertleyalsaif he can take revenge | bizdertleyalsaqif we can take revenge | sizdertleyalsağızif you all can take revenge | aladertleyalsalaif they can take revenge |
| Ability — if I can… | mendertleyalmasamif I can't take revenge | sendertleyalmasaŋif you can't take revenge | oldertleyalmasaif he can't take revenge | bizdertleyalmasaqif we can't take revenge | sizdertleyalmasağızif you all can't take revenge | aladertleyalmasalaif they can't take revenge |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mendertleyaldımI was able to take revenge | sendertleyaldıŋyou were able to take revenge | oldertleyaldıhe was able to take revenge | bizdertleyaldıqwe were able to take revenge | sizdertleyaldığızyou all were able to take revenge | aladertleyaldılathey were able to take revenge |
| Ability — simple past | mendertleyalmadımI could not take revenge | sendertleyalmadıŋyou could not take revenge | oldertleyalmadıhe could not take revenge | bizdertleyalmadıqwe could not take revenge | sizdertleyalmadığızyou all could not take revenge | aladertleyalmadılathey could not take revenge |
| Ability — simple past | mendertleyaldımmı?was I able to take revenge? | sendertleyaldıŋmı?were you able to take revenge? | oldertleyaldımı?was he able to take revenge? | bizdertleyaldıqmı?were we able to take revenge? | sizdertleyaldığızmı?were you all able to take revenge? | aladertleyaldılamı?were they able to take revenge? |
| Ability — simple past | mendertleyalmadımmı?couldn't I take revenge? | sendertleyalmadıŋmı?couldn't you take revenge? | oldertleyalmadımı?couldn't he take revenge? | bizdertleyalmadıqmı?couldn't we take revenge? | sizdertleyalmadığızmı?couldn't you all take revenge? | aladertleyalmadılamı?couldn't they take revenge? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mendertleyalğanmaI have been able to take revenge | sendertleyalğansayou have been able to take revenge | oldertleyalğandıhe has been able to take revenge | bizdertleyalğanbızwe have been able to take revenge | sizdertleyalğansızyou all have been able to take revenge | aladertleyalğandılathey have been able to take revenge |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mendertleyalmağanmaI haven't been able to take revenge | sendertleyalmağansayou haven't been able to take revenge | oldertleyalmağandıhe hasn't been able to take revenge | bizdertleyalmağanbızwe haven't been able to take revenge | sizdertleyalmağansızyou all haven't been able to take revenge | aladertleyalmağandılathey haven't been able to take revenge |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mendertleyalğanmamı? dertleyalğanmıma?have I been able to take revenge? | sendertleyalğanmısa?have you been able to take revenge? | oldertleyalğanmıdı?has he been able to take revenge? | bizdertleyalğanbızmı? dertleyalğanmıbız?have we been able to take revenge? | sizdertleyalğanmısız?have you all been able to take revenge? | aladertleyalğanmıdıla?have they been able to take revenge? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mendertleyalmağanmamı? dertleyalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to take revenge? | sendertleyalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to take revenge? | oldertleyalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to take revenge? | bizdertleyalmağanbızmı? dertleyalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to take revenge? | sizdertleyalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to take revenge? | aladertleyalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to take revenge? |
| Ability — past perfect | mendertleyalğan edimdertleyalğanemI had been able to take revenge | sendertleyalğan ediŋdertleyalğaneŋyou had been able to take revenge | oldertleyalğan edidertleyalğanedhe had been able to take revenge | bizdertleyalğan edikdertleyalğanekwe had been able to take revenge | sizdertleyalğan edigizdertleyalğanegizyou all had been able to take revenge | aladertleyalğan ediledertleyalğanellethey had been able to take revenge |
| Ability — past perfect | mendertleyalmağan edimdertleyalmağanemI hadn't been able to take revenge | sendertleyalmağan ediŋdertleyalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to take revenge | oldertleyalmağan edidertleyalmağanedhe hadn't been able to take revenge | bizdertleyalmağan edikdertleyalmağanekwe hadn't been able to take revenge | sizdertleyalmağan edigizdertleyalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to take revenge | aladertleyalmağan ediledertleyalmağanellethey hadn't been able to take revenge |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mendertleyala edimdertleyalaemI could take revenge | sendertleyala ediŋdertleyalaeŋyou could take revenge | oldertleyala edidertleyalaedhe could take revenge | bizdertleyala edikdertleyalaekwe could take revenge | sizdertleyala edigizdertleyalaegizyou all could take revenge | aladertleyala ediledertleyalaellethey could take revenge |
| Ability — past background | mendertleyalmay edimdertleyalmayemI could not take revenge | sendertleyalmay ediŋdertleyalmayeŋyou could not take revenge | oldertleyalmay edidertleyalmayedhe could not take revenge | bizdertleyalmay edikdertleyalmayekwe could not take revenge | sizdertleyalmay edigizdertleyalmayegizyou all could not take revenge | aladertleyalmay ediledertleyalmayellethey could not take revenge |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mendertleyalırmaI will be able to take revenge | sendertleyalırsayou will be able to take revenge | oldertleyalırhe will be able to take revenge | bizdertleyalırbızwe will be able to take revenge | sizdertleyalırsızyou all will be able to take revenge | aladertleyalırlathey will be able to take revenge |
| Ability — future I | mendertleyalmazmaI won't be able to take revenge | sendertleyalmazsayou won't be able to take revenge | oldertleyalmazhe won't be able to take revenge | bizdertleyalmazbızwe won't be able to take revenge | sizdertleyalmazsızyou all won't be able to take revenge | aladertleyalmazlathey won't be able to take revenge |
| Ability — future I | mendertleyalırmamı? dertleyalırmıma?will I be able to take revenge? | sendertleyalırmısa?will you be able to take revenge? | oldertleyalırmı?will he be able to take revenge? | bizdertleyalırbızmı? dertleyalırmıbız?will we be able to take revenge? | sizdertleyalırmısız?will you all be able to take revenge? | aladertleyalırlamı? dertleyalırmıla?will they be able to take revenge? |
| Ability — future I | mendertleyalmazmamı? dertleyalmazmıma?won't I be able to take revenge? | sendertleyalmazmısa?won't you be able to take revenge? | oldertleyalmazmı?won't he be able to take revenge? | bizdertleyalmazbızmı? dertleyalmazmıbız?won't we be able to take revenge? | sizdertleyalmazmısız?won't you all be able to take revenge? | aladertleyalmazlamı? dertleyalmazmıla?won't they be able to take revenge? |
| Ability — future II | mendertleyallıqmaI am going to be able to take revenge | sendertleyallıqsayou are going to be able to take revenge | oldertleyallıqdıhe is going to be able to take revenge | bizdertleyallıqbızwe are going to be able to take revenge | sizdertleyallıqsızyou all are going to be able to take revenge | aladertleyallıqdılathey are going to be able to take revenge |
| Ability — future II | mendertleyallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to take revenge | sendertleyallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to take revenge | oldertleyallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to take revenge | bizdertleyallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to take revenge | sizdertleyallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to take revenge | aladertleyallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to take revenge |
| Ability — future II | mendertleyallıqmamı? dertleyallıqmıma?am I going to be able to take revenge? | sendertleyallıqmısa?are you going to be able to take revenge? | oldertleyallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to take revenge? | bizdertleyallıqbızmı? dertleyallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to take revenge? | sizdertleyallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to take revenge? | aladertleyallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to take revenge? |
| Ability — future II | mendertleyallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to take revenge? | sendertleyallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to take revenge? | oldertleyallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to take revenge? | bizdertleyallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to take revenge? | sizdertleyallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to take revenge? | aladertleyallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to take revenge? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mendertleyalır edimdertleyalır emI would be able to take revenge | sendertleyalır ediŋdertleyalır eŋyou would be able to take revenge | oldertleyalır edidertleyalır edhe would be able to take revenge | bizdertleyalır edikdertleyalır ekwe would be able to take revenge | sizdertleyalır edigizdertleyalır egizyou all would be able to take revenge | aladertleyalır ediledertleyalır ellethey would be able to take revenge |
| Ability — would be able to… | mendertleyalmaz edimdertleyalmaz emI wouldn't be able to take revenge | sendertleyalmaz ediŋdertleyalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to take revenge | oldertleyalmaz edidertleyalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to take revenge | bizdertleyalmaz edikdertleyalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to take revenge | sizdertleyalmaz edigizdertleyalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to take revenge | aladertleyalmaz ediledertleyalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to take revenge |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sendertleyalğındertleyalğımay you be able to take revenge | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sendertleyalmağındertleyalmağımay you not be able to take revenge | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mendertlerge izleymeI want to take revenge | sendertlerge izleyseyou want to take revenge | oldertlerge izleydihe wants to take revenge | bizdertlerge izleybizwe want to take revenge | sizdertlerge izleysizyou all want to take revenge | aladertlerge izleydilethey want to take revenge |
| want to | mendertlerge izlemeymeI do not want to take revenge | sendertlerge izlemeyseyou do not want to take revenge | oldertlerge izlemeydihe does not want to take revenge | bizdertlerge izlemeybizwe do not want to take revenge | sizdertlerge izlemeysizyou all do not want to take revenge | aladertlerge izlemeydilethey do not want to take revenge |
| would like to | mendertlerge süemeI would like to take revenge | sendertlerge süeseyou would like to take revenge | oldertlerge süedihe would like to take revenge | bizdertlerge süebizwe would like to take revenge | sizdertlerge süesizyou all would like to take revenge | aladertlerge süedilethey would like to take revenge |
| would like to | mendertlerge süymeymeI would not like to take revenge | sendertlerge süymeyseyou would not like to take revenge | oldertlerge süymeydihe would not like to take revenge | bizdertlerge süymeybizwe would not like to take revenge | sizdertlerge süymeysizyou all would not like to take revenge | aladertlerge süymeydilethey would not like to take revenge |
| hope to | mendertlerge umutlanamaI hope to take revenge | sendertlerge umutlanasayou hope to take revenge | oldertlerge umutlanadıhe hopes to take revenge | bizdertlerge umutlanabızwe hope to take revenge | sizdertlerge umutlanasızyou all hope to take revenge | aladertlerge umutlanadılathey hope to take revenge |
| hope to | mendertlerge umutlanmaymaI do not hope to take revenge | sendertlerge umutlanmaysayou do not hope to take revenge | oldertlerge umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to take revenge | bizdertlerge umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to take revenge | sizdertlerge umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to take revenge | aladertlerge umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to take revenge |
| be about to | mendertlerge deb turamaI am about to take revenge | sendertlerge deb turasayou are about to take revenge | oldertlerge deb turadıhe is about to take revenge | bizdertlerge deb turabızwe are about to take revenge | sizdertlerge deb turasızyou all are about to take revenge | aladertlerge deb turadılathey are about to take revenge |
| be about to | mendertlerge deb turmaymaI am not about to take revenge | sendertlerge deb turmaysayou are not about to take revenge | oldertlerge deb turmaydıhe is not about to take revenge | bizdertlerge deb turmaybızwe are not about to take revenge | sizdertlerge deb turmaysızyou all are not about to take revenge | aladertlerge deb turmaydılathey are not about to take revenge |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mendertlerge kerekmeI need to take revenge | sendertlerge kerekseyou need to take revenge | oldertlerge kerekdihe needs to take revenge | bizdertlerge kerekbizwe need to take revenge | sizdertlerge kereksizyou all need to take revenge | aladertlerge kerekdilethey need to take revenge |
| need to | mendertlerge kerek tülmeI do not need to take revenge | sendertlerge kerek tülseyou do not need to take revenge | oldertlerge kerek tüldühe does not need to take revenge | bizdertlerge kerek tülbüzwe do not need to take revenge | sizdertlerge kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to take revenge | aladertlerge kerek tüldülethey do not need to take revenge |
| have to | menmenŋe dertlerge tüşediI have to take revenge | sensenŋe dertlerge tüşediyou have to take revenge | olaŋa dertlerge tüşedihe has to take revenge | bizbizge dertlerge tüşediwe have to take revenge | sizsizge dertlerge tüşediyou all have to take revenge | alaalağa dertlerge tüşedithey have to take revenge |
| have to | menmenŋe dertlerge tüşmeydiI do not have to take revenge | sensenŋe dertlerge tüşmeydiyou do not have to take revenge | olaŋa dertlerge tüşmeydihe does not have to take revenge | bizbizge dertlerge tüşmeydiwe do not have to take revenge | sizsizge dertlerge tüşmeydiyou all do not have to take revenge | alaalağa dertlerge tüşmeydithey do not have to take revenge |
| be obliged to | mendertlerge borçlumaI am obliged to take revenge | sendertlerge borçlusayou are obliged to take revenge | oldertlerge borçluduhe is obliged to take revenge | bizdertlerge borçlubuzwe are obliged to take revenge | sizdertlerge borçlusuzyou all are obliged to take revenge | aladertlerge borçludulathey are obliged to take revenge |
| be obliged to | mendertlerge borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to take revenge | sendertlerge borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to take revenge | oldertlerge borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to take revenge | bizdertlerge borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to take revenge | sizdertlerge borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to take revenge | aladertlerge borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to take revenge |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mendertlerge madarım bardıI have a way to take revenge | sendertlerge madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to take revenge | oldertlerge madarı bardıhe has a way to take revenge | bizdertlerge madarıbız bardıwe have a way to take revenge | sizdertlerge madarığız bardıyou all have a way to take revenge | aladertlerge madarları bardıthey have a way to take revenge |
| have a way to | mendertlerge madarım joqduI have no way to take revenge | sendertlerge madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to take revenge | oldertlerge madarı joqduhe has no way to take revenge | bizdertlerge madarıbız joqduwe have no way to take revenge | sizdertlerge madarığız joqduyou all have no way to take revenge | aladertlerge madarları joqduthey have no way to take revenge |
| be free to | mendertlerge erkinligim bardıI am free to take revenge | sendertlerge erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to take revenge | oldertlerge erkinligi bardıhe is free to take revenge | bizdertlerge erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to take revenge | sizdertlerge erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to take revenge | aladertlerge erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to take revenge |
| be free to | mendertlerge erkinligim joqduI am not free to take revenge | sendertlerge erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to take revenge | oldertlerge erkinligi joqduhe is not free to take revenge | bizdertlerge erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to take revenge | sizdertlerge erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to take revenge | aladertlerge erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to take revenge |
| be possible to | menmenŋe dertlerge bolluqduit is possible for me to take revenge | sensenŋe dertlerge bolluqduit is possible for you to take revenge | olaŋa dertlerge bolluqduit is possible for him to take revenge | bizbizge dertlerge bolluqduit is possible for us to take revenge | sizsizge dertlerge bolluqduit is possible for you all to take revenge | alaalağa dertlerge bolluqduit is possible for them to take revenge |
| be possible to | menmenŋe dertlerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to take revenge | sensenŋe dertlerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to take revenge | olaŋa dertlerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to take revenge | bizbizge dertlerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to take revenge | sizsizge dertlerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to take revenge | alaalağa dertlerge bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to take revenge |
| be ready to | mendertlerge hazırmaI am ready to take revenge | sendertlerge hazırsayou are ready to take revenge | oldertlerge hazırdıhe is ready to take revenge | bizdertlerge hazırbızwe are ready to take revenge | sizdertlerge hazırsızyou all are ready to take revenge | aladertlerge hazırdılathey are ready to take revenge |
| be ready to | mendertlerge hazır tülmeI am not ready to take revenge | sendertlerge hazır tülseyou are not ready to take revenge | oldertlerge hazır tüldühe is not ready to take revenge | bizdertlerge hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to take revenge | sizdertlerge hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to take revenge | aladertlerge hazır tüldülethey are not ready to take revenge |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mendertlerge küreşemeI am trying to take revenge | sendertlerge küreşeseyou are trying to take revenge | oldertlerge küreşedihe is trying to take revenge | bizdertlerge küreşebizwe are trying to take revenge | sizdertlerge küreşesizyou all are trying to take revenge | aladertlerge küreşedilethey are trying to take revenge |
| try to | mendertlerge küreşmeymeI am not trying to take revenge | sendertlerge küreşmeyseyou are not trying to take revenge | oldertlerge küreşmeydihe is not trying to take revenge | bizdertlerge küreşmeybizwe are not trying to take revenge | sizdertlerge küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to take revenge | aladertlerge küreşmeydilethey are not trying to take revenge |
| agree to | mendertlerge unaymaI agree to take revenge | sendertlerge unaysayou agree to take revenge | oldertlerge unaydıhe agrees to take revenge | bizdertlerge unaybızwe agree to take revenge | sizdertlerge unaysızyou all agree to take revenge | aladertlerge unaydılathey agree to take revenge |
| agree to | mendertlerge unamaymaI refuse to take revenge | sendertlerge unamaysayou refuse to take revenge | oldertlerge unamaydıhe refuses to take revenge | bizdertlerge unamaybızwe refuse to take revenge | sizdertlerge unamaysızyou all refuse to take revenge | aladertlerge unamaydılathey refuse to take revenge |
| hurry to | mendertlerge aşığamaI am in a hurry to take revenge | sendertlerge aşığasayou are in a hurry to take revenge | oldertlerge aşığadıhe is in a hurry to take revenge | bizdertlerge aşığabızwe are in a hurry to take revenge | sizdertlerge aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to take revenge | aladertlerge aşığadılathey are in a hurry to take revenge |
| hurry to | mendertlerge aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to take revenge | sendertlerge aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to take revenge | oldertlerge aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to take revenge | bizdertlerge aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to take revenge | sizdertlerge aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to take revenge | aladertlerge aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to take revenge |
| be afraid to | mendertlerge qorqamaI am afraid to take revenge | sendertlerge qorqasayou are afraid to take revenge | oldertlerge qorqadıhe is afraid to take revenge | bizdertlerge qorqabızwe are afraid to take revenge | sizdertlerge qorqasızyou all are afraid to take revenge | aladertlerge qorqadılathey are afraid to take revenge |
| be afraid to | mendertlerge qorqmaymaI am not afraid to take revenge | sendertlerge qorqmaysayou are not afraid to take revenge | oldertlerge qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to take revenge | bizdertlerge qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to take revenge | sizdertlerge qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to take revenge | aladertlerge qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to take revenge |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mendertley bolmazmaI can't be taking revenge | sendertley bolmazsayou can't be taking revenge | oldertley bolmazhe can't be taking revenge | bizdertley bolmazbızwe can't be taking revenge | sizdertley bolmazsızyou all can't be taking revenge | aladertley bolmazlathey can't be taking revenge |
| Inference, present — double negation | mendertlemey bolmazmaI must be taking revenge (emphatic) | sendertlemey bolmazsayou must be taking revenge (emphatic) | oldertlemey bolmazhe must be taking revenge (emphatic) | bizdertlemey bolmazbızwe must be taking revenge (emphatic) | sizdertlemey bolmazsızyou all must be taking revenge (emphatic) | aladertlemey bolmazlathey must be taking revenge (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mendertley turmasamif I don't keep taking revenge | sendertley turmasaŋif you don't keep taking revenge | oldertley turmasaif he doesn't keep taking revenge | bizdertley turmasaqif we don't keep taking revenge | sizdertley turmasağızif you all don't keep taking revenge | aladertley turmasalaif they don't keep taking revenge |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mendertley tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of taking revenge | sendertley tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of taking revenge | oldertley tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of taking revenge | bizdertley tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of taking revenge | sizdertley tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of taking revenge | aladertley tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of taking revenge |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mendertlemey tura bolmazmaI must keep on not taking revenge (emphatic) | sendertlemey tura bolmazsayou must keep on not taking revenge (emphatic) | oldertlemey tura bolmazhe must keep on not taking revenge (emphatic) | bizdertlemey tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not taking revenge (emphatic) | sizdertlemey tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not taking revenge (emphatic) | aladertlemey tura bolmazlathey must keep on not taking revenge (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mendertlemey turamaI keep on not taking revenge | sendertlemey turasayou keep on not taking revenge | oldertlemey turadıhe keeps on not taking revenge | bizdertlemey turabızwe keep on not taking revenge | sizdertlemey turasızyou all keep on not taking revenge | aladertlemey turadılathey keep on not taking revenge |
| Progressive — double negation | mendertlemey turmaymaI am not keeping on not taking revenge | sendertlemey turmaysayou are not keeping on not taking revenge | oldertlemey turmaydıhe is not keeping on not taking revenge | bizdertlemey turmaybızwe are not keeping on not taking revenge | sizdertlemey turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not taking revenge | aladertlemey turmaydılathey are not keeping on not taking revenge |
| Progressive — double negation | mendertlemey turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not taking revenge? | sendertlemey turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not taking revenge? | oldertlemey turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not taking revenge? | bizdertlemey turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not taking revenge? | sizdertlemey turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not taking revenge? | aladertlemey turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not taking revenge? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mendertlegen bolmazmaI can't have taken revenge | sendertlegen bolmazsayou can't have taken revenge | oldertlegen bolmazhe can't have taken revenge | bizdertlegen bolmazbızwe can't have taken revenge | sizdertlegen bolmazsızyou all can't have taken revenge | aladertlegen bolmazlathey can't have taken revenge |
| Inference — double negation | mendertlemegen bolmazmaI must have taken revenge (emphatic) | sendertlemegen bolmazsayou must have taken revenge (emphatic) | oldertlemegen bolmazhe must have taken revenge (emphatic) | bizdertlemegen bolmazbızwe must have taken revenge (emphatic) | sizdertlemegen bolmazsızyou all must have taken revenge (emphatic) | aladertlemegen bolmazlathey must have taken revenge (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mendertlegen bolmasamif it weren't that I had taken revenge | sendertlegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had taken revenge | oldertlegen bolmasaif it weren't that he had taken revenge | bizdertlegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we had taken revenge | sizdertlegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had taken revenge | aladertlegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they had taken revenge |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mendertlemegen bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't taken revenge | sendertlemegen bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't taken revenge | oldertlemegen bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't taken revenge | bizdertlemegen bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't taken revenge | sizdertlemegen bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't taken revenge | aladertlemegen bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't taken revenge |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mendertlerik bolmazmaI can't be going to take revenge | sendertlerik bolmazsayou can't be going to take revenge | oldertlerik bolmazhe can't be going to take revenge | bizdertlerik bolmazbızwe can't be going to take revenge | sizdertlerik bolmazsızyou all can't be going to take revenge | aladertlerik bolmazlathey can't be going to take revenge |
| Inference, future — double negation | mendertlemezlik bolmazmaI must be going to take revenge (emphatic) | sendertlemezlik bolmazsayou must be going to take revenge (emphatic) | oldertlemezlik bolmazhe must be going to take revenge (emphatic) | bizdertlemezlik bolmazbızwe must be going to take revenge (emphatic) | sizdertlemezlik bolmazsızyou all must be going to take revenge (emphatic) | aladertlemezlik bolmazlathey must be going to take revenge (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mendertlerik bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to take revenge | sendertlerik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to take revenge | oldertlerik bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to take revenge | bizdertlerik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to take revenge | sizdertlerik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to take revenge | aladertlerik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to take revenge |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mendertlemezlik bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to take revenge | sendertlemezlik bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to take revenge | oldertlemezlik bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to take revenge | bizdertlemezlik bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to take revenge | sizdertlemezlik bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to take revenge | aladertlemezlik bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to take revenge |