buzulğan
/buzulʁan/
past participle of buzulurğa →
1. broken, out of order, unserviceable, past use
- buzulğan sağat — a clock that is out of order
- buzulğan maşina — a machine that has broken down
- buzulğan jol — a road past use
2. spoilt, corrupted, gone to the bad, dissolute
- buzulğan adam — a man gone to the bad
- buzulğan hali — a corrupted character
- qılığı buzulğan jaş — a dissolute young man
Saying it about someone
| Degree | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base formam/is/are broken | menbuzulğanma | senbuzulğansa | olbuzulğandı | bizbuzulğanbız | sizbuzulğansız | alabuzulğandıla |
To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden buzulğandı — "compared to me, he is broken."
Saying it about mine, yours, theirs
One thing
| Degree | menikimine | senikiyours | anıqıhis / hers | biznikiours | siznikiyours (pl.) | alanıqıtheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base formis / are broken | menikimeniki buzulğandı | senikiseniki buzulğandı | anıqıanıqı buzulğandı | biznikibizniki buzulğandı | siznikisizniki buzulğandı | alanıqıalanıqı buzulğandı |
Several things
| Degree | menikilemine | senikileyours | anıqılahis / hers | biznikileours | siznikileyours (pl.) | alanıqılatheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base formis / are broken | menikilemenikile buzulğandıla | senikilesenikile buzulğandıla | anıqılaanıqıla buzulğandıla | biznikilebiznikile buzulğandıla | siznikilesiznikile buzulğandıla | alanıqılaalanıqıla buzulğandıla |
Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu buzulğandı, bıla buzulğandıla. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".
Which reading? Look at what follows.
| buzulğan + noun | the one who breaks (the noun is the doer) |
|---|---|
| buzulğanı, nothing after | someone's breaking |
| buzulğanı under bilirge, körürge | that someone breaks |
With an owner
| my | buzulğanımmy having broken |
|---|---|
| your | buzulğanıngyour having broken |
| his / her | buzulğanıhis / her having broken |
| our | buzulğanıbızour having broken |
| you all's | buzulğanığızyou all's having broken |
| their | buzulğanlarıtheir having broken |
Cases with an owner
The endings on buzulğanı, the form with a third-person owner. Every other owner takes the same six.
| nominative | buzulğanıhis / her having broken |
|---|---|
| genitive | buzulğanınıhis / her having broken's |
| accusative | buzulğanınhis / her having broken |
| dative | buzulğanınato his / her having broken |
| locative | buzulğanındawhen he / she broke |
| ablative | buzulğanındanafter he / she broke |
Negative
| the negative | buzulmağanthe one that didn't break |
|---|---|
| his / her | buzulmağanıhis / her not having broken |